summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/python/requests/test_requests.py
blob: 0795241867181f96bf2eb52ec3bed8b4c56c7fdd (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""Tests for Requests."""

from __future__ import division
import json
import os
import pickle
import unittest
import collections
import contextlib

import io
import requests
import pytest
from requests.adapters import HTTPAdapter
from requests.auth import HTTPDigestAuth, _basic_auth_str
from requests.compat import (
    Morsel, cookielib, getproxies, str, urljoin, urlparse, is_py3,
    builtin_str, OrderedDict
    )
from requests.cookies import cookiejar_from_dict, morsel_to_cookie
from requests.exceptions import (ConnectionError, ConnectTimeout,
                                 InvalidSchema, InvalidURL, MissingSchema,
                                 ReadTimeout, Timeout, RetryError)
from requests.models import PreparedRequest
from requests.structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
from requests.sessions import SessionRedirectMixin
from requests.models import urlencode
from requests.hooks import default_hooks

try:
    import StringIO
except ImportError:
    import io as StringIO

try:
    from multiprocessing.pool import ThreadPool
except ImportError:
    ThreadPool = None

if is_py3:
    def u(s):
        return s
else:
    def u(s):
        return s.decode('unicode-escape')


@pytest.fixture
def httpbin(httpbin):
    # Issue #1483: Make sure the URL always has a trailing slash
    httpbin_url = httpbin.url.rstrip('/') + '/'

    def inner(*suffix):
        return urljoin(httpbin_url, '/'.join(suffix))

    return inner


@pytest.fixture
def httpsbin_url(httpbin_secure):
    # Issue #1483: Make sure the URL always has a trailing slash
    httpbin_url = httpbin_secure.url.rstrip('/') + '/'

    def inner(*suffix):
        return urljoin(httpbin_url, '/'.join(suffix))

    return inner


# Requests to this URL should always fail with a connection timeout (nothing
# listening on that port)
TARPIT = "http://10.255.255.1"

class TestRequests(object):

    _multiprocess_can_split_ = True

    def setUp(self):
        """Create simple data set with headers."""
        pass

    def tearDown(self):
        """Teardown."""
        pass

    def test_entry_points(self):

        requests.session
        requests.session().get
        requests.session().head
        requests.get
        requests.head
        requests.put
        requests.patch
        requests.post

    def test_invalid_url(self):
        with pytest.raises(MissingSchema):
            requests.get('hiwpefhipowhefopw')
        with pytest.raises(InvalidSchema):
            requests.get('localhost:3128')
        with pytest.raises(InvalidSchema):
            requests.get('localhost.localdomain:3128/')
        with pytest.raises(InvalidSchema):
            requests.get('10.122.1.1:3128/')
        with pytest.raises(InvalidURL):
            requests.get('http://')

    def test_basic_building(self):
        req = requests.Request()
        req.url = 'http://kennethreitz.org/'
        req.data = {'life': '42'}

        pr = req.prepare()
        assert pr.url == req.url
        assert pr.body == 'life=42'

    def test_no_content_length(self, httpbin):
        get_req = requests.Request('GET', httpbin('get')).prepare()
        assert 'Content-Length' not in get_req.headers
        head_req = requests.Request('HEAD', httpbin('head')).prepare()
        assert 'Content-Length' not in head_req.headers

    def test_override_content_length(self, httpbin):
        headers = {
            'Content-Length': 'not zero'
        }
        r = requests.Request('POST', httpbin('post'), headers=headers).prepare()
        assert 'Content-Length' in r.headers
        assert r.headers['Content-Length'] == 'not zero'

    def test_path_is_not_double_encoded(self):
        request = requests.Request('GET', "http://0.0.0.0/get/test case").prepare()

        assert request.path_url == '/get/test%20case'

    def test_params_are_added_before_fragment(self):
        request = requests.Request('GET',
            "http://example.com/path#fragment", params={"a": "b"}).prepare()
        assert request.url == "http://example.com/path?a=b#fragment"
        request = requests.Request('GET',
            "http://example.com/path?key=value#fragment", params={"a": "b"}).prepare()
        assert request.url == "http://example.com/path?key=value&a=b#fragment"

    def test_params_original_order_is_preserved_by_default(self):
        param_ordered_dict = OrderedDict((('z', 1), ('a', 1), ('k', 1), ('d', 1)))
        session = requests.Session()
        request = requests.Request('GET', 'http://example.com/', params=param_ordered_dict)
        prep = session.prepare_request(request)
        assert prep.url == 'http://example.com/?z=1&a=1&k=1&d=1'

    def test_params_bytes_are_encoded(self):
        request = requests.Request('GET', 'http://example.com',
                                   params=b'test=foo').prepare()
        assert request.url == 'http://example.com/?test=foo'

    def test_binary_put(self):
        request = requests.Request('PUT', 'http://example.com',
                                   data=u"ööö".encode("utf-8")).prepare()
        assert isinstance(request.body, bytes)

    def test_mixed_case_scheme_acceptable(self, httpbin):
        s = requests.Session()
        s.proxies = getproxies()
        parts = urlparse(httpbin('get'))
        schemes = ['http://', 'HTTP://', 'hTTp://', 'HttP://']
        for scheme in schemes:
            url = scheme + parts.netloc + parts.path
            r = requests.Request('GET', url)
            r = s.send(r.prepare())
            assert r.status_code == 200, 'failed for scheme {0}'.format(scheme)

    def test_HTTP_200_OK_GET_ALTERNATIVE(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.Request('GET', httpbin('get'))
        s = requests.Session()
        s.proxies = getproxies()

        r = s.send(r.prepare())

        assert r.status_code == 200

    def test_HTTP_302_ALLOW_REDIRECT_GET(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.get(httpbin('redirect', '1'))
        assert r.status_code == 200
        assert r.history[0].status_code == 302
        assert r.history[0].is_redirect

    # def test_HTTP_302_ALLOW_REDIRECT_POST(self):
    #     r = requests.post(httpbin('status', '302'), data={'some': 'data'})
    #     self.assertEqual(r.status_code, 200)

    def test_HTTP_200_OK_GET_WITH_PARAMS(self, httpbin):
        heads = {'User-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0'}

        r = requests.get(httpbin('user-agent'), headers=heads)

        assert heads['User-agent'] in r.text
        assert r.status_code == 200

    def test_HTTP_200_OK_GET_WITH_MIXED_PARAMS(self, httpbin):
        heads = {'User-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0'}

        r = requests.get(httpbin('get') + '?test=true', params={'q': 'test'}, headers=heads)
        assert r.status_code == 200

    def test_set_cookie_on_301(self, httpbin):
        s = requests.session()
        url = httpbin('cookies/set?foo=bar')
        s.get(url)
        assert s.cookies['foo'] == 'bar'

    def test_cookie_sent_on_redirect(self, httpbin):
        s = requests.session()
        s.get(httpbin('cookies/set?foo=bar'))
        r = s.get(httpbin('redirect/1'))  # redirects to httpbin('get')
        assert 'Cookie' in r.json()['headers']

    def test_cookie_removed_on_expire(self, httpbin):
        s = requests.session()
        s.get(httpbin('cookies/set?foo=bar'))
        assert s.cookies['foo'] == 'bar'
        s.get(
            httpbin('response-headers'),
            params={
                'Set-Cookie':
                    'foo=deleted; expires=Thu, 01-Jan-1970 00:00:01 GMT'
            }
        )
        assert 'foo' not in s.cookies

    def test_cookie_quote_wrapped(self, httpbin):
        s = requests.session()
        s.get(httpbin('cookies/set?foo="bar:baz"'))
        assert s.cookies['foo'] == '"bar:baz"'

    def test_cookie_persists_via_api(self, httpbin):
        s = requests.session()
        r = s.get(httpbin('redirect/1'), cookies={'foo': 'bar'})
        assert 'foo' in r.request.headers['Cookie']
        assert 'foo' in r.history[0].request.headers['Cookie']

    def test_request_cookie_overrides_session_cookie(self, httpbin):
        s = requests.session()
        s.cookies['foo'] = 'bar'
        r = s.get(httpbin('cookies'), cookies={'foo': 'baz'})
        assert r.json()['cookies']['foo'] == 'baz'
        # Session cookie should not be modified
        assert s.cookies['foo'] == 'bar'

    def test_request_cookies_not_persisted(self, httpbin):
        s = requests.session()
        s.get(httpbin('cookies'), cookies={'foo': 'baz'})
        # Sending a request with cookies should not add cookies to the session
        assert not s.cookies

    def test_generic_cookiejar_works(self, httpbin):
        cj = cookielib.CookieJar()
        cookiejar_from_dict({'foo': 'bar'}, cj)
        s = requests.session()
        s.cookies = cj
        r = s.get(httpbin('cookies'))
        # Make sure the cookie was sent
        assert r.json()['cookies']['foo'] == 'bar'
        # Make sure the session cj is still the custom one
        assert s.cookies is cj

    def test_param_cookiejar_works(self, httpbin):
        cj = cookielib.CookieJar()
        cookiejar_from_dict({'foo': 'bar'}, cj)
        s = requests.session()
        r = s.get(httpbin('cookies'), cookies=cj)
        # Make sure the cookie was sent
        assert r.json()['cookies']['foo'] == 'bar'

    def test_requests_in_history_are_not_overridden(self, httpbin):
        resp = requests.get(httpbin('redirect/3'))
        urls = [r.url for r in resp.history]
        req_urls = [r.request.url for r in resp.history]
        assert urls == req_urls

    def test_history_is_always_a_list(self, httpbin):
        """
        Show that even with redirects, Response.history is always a list.
        """
        resp = requests.get(httpbin('get'))
        assert isinstance(resp.history, list)
        resp = requests.get(httpbin('redirect/1'))
        assert isinstance(resp.history, list)
        assert not isinstance(resp.history, tuple)

    def test_headers_on_session_with_None_are_not_sent(self, httpbin):
        """Do not send headers in Session.headers with None values."""
        ses = requests.Session()
        ses.headers['Accept-Encoding'] = None
        req = requests.Request('GET', httpbin('get'))
        prep = ses.prepare_request(req)
        assert 'Accept-Encoding' not in prep.headers

    def test_user_agent_transfers(self, httpbin):

        heads = {
            'User-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (github.com/kennethreitz/requests)'
        }

        r = requests.get(httpbin('user-agent'), headers=heads)
        assert heads['User-agent'] in r.text

        heads = {
            'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (github.com/kennethreitz/requests)'
        }

        r = requests.get(httpbin('user-agent'), headers=heads)
        assert heads['user-agent'] in r.text

    def test_HTTP_200_OK_HEAD(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.head(httpbin('get'))
        assert r.status_code == 200

    def test_HTTP_200_OK_PUT(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.put(httpbin('put'))
        assert r.status_code == 200

    def test_BASICAUTH_TUPLE_HTTP_200_OK_GET(self, httpbin):
        auth = ('user', 'pass')
        url = httpbin('basic-auth', 'user', 'pass')

        r = requests.get(url, auth=auth)
        assert r.status_code == 200

        r = requests.get(url)
        assert r.status_code == 401

        s = requests.session()
        s.auth = auth
        r = s.get(url)
        assert r.status_code == 200

    def test_connection_error_invalid_domain(self):
        """Connecting to an unknown domain should raise a ConnectionError"""
        with pytest.raises(ConnectionError):
            requests.get("http://doesnotexist.google.com")

    def test_connection_error_invalid_port(self):
        """Connecting to an invalid port should raise a ConnectionError"""
        with pytest.raises(ConnectionError):
            requests.get("http://localhost:1", timeout=1)

    def test_LocationParseError(self):
        """Inputing a URL that cannot be parsed should raise an InvalidURL error"""
        with pytest.raises(InvalidURL):
            requests.get("http://fe80::5054:ff:fe5a:fc0")

    def test_basicauth_with_netrc(self, httpbin):
        auth = ('user', 'pass')
        wrong_auth = ('wronguser', 'wrongpass')
        url = httpbin('basic-auth', 'user', 'pass')

        old_auth = requests.sessions.get_netrc_auth

        try:
            def get_netrc_auth_mock(url):
                return auth
            requests.sessions.get_netrc_auth = get_netrc_auth_mock

            # Should use netrc and work.
            r = requests.get(url)
            assert r.status_code == 200

            # Given auth should override and fail.
            r = requests.get(url, auth=wrong_auth)
            assert r.status_code == 401

            s = requests.session()

            # Should use netrc and work.
            r = s.get(url)
            assert r.status_code == 200

            # Given auth should override and fail.
            s.auth = wrong_auth
            r = s.get(url)
            assert r.status_code == 401
        finally:
            requests.sessions.get_netrc_auth = old_auth

    def test_DIGEST_HTTP_200_OK_GET(self, httpbin):

        auth = HTTPDigestAuth('user', 'pass')
        url = httpbin('digest-auth', 'auth', 'user', 'pass')

        r = requests.get(url, auth=auth)
        assert r.status_code == 200

        r = requests.get(url)
        assert r.status_code == 401

        s = requests.session()
        s.auth = HTTPDigestAuth('user', 'pass')
        r = s.get(url)
        assert r.status_code == 200

    def test_DIGEST_AUTH_RETURNS_COOKIE(self, httpbin):
        url = httpbin('digest-auth', 'auth', 'user', 'pass')
        auth = HTTPDigestAuth('user', 'pass')
        r = requests.get(url)
        assert r.cookies['fake'] == 'fake_value'

        r = requests.get(url, auth=auth)
        assert r.status_code == 200

    def test_DIGEST_AUTH_SETS_SESSION_COOKIES(self, httpbin):
        url = httpbin('digest-auth', 'auth', 'user', 'pass')
        auth = HTTPDigestAuth('user', 'pass')
        s = requests.Session()
        s.get(url, auth=auth)
        assert s.cookies['fake'] == 'fake_value'

    def test_DIGEST_STREAM(self, httpbin):

        auth = HTTPDigestAuth('user', 'pass')
        url = httpbin('digest-auth', 'auth', 'user', 'pass')

        r = requests.get(url, auth=auth, stream=True)
        assert r.raw.read() != b''

        r = requests.get(url, auth=auth, stream=False)
        assert r.raw.read() == b''

    def test_DIGESTAUTH_WRONG_HTTP_401_GET(self, httpbin):

        auth = HTTPDigestAuth('user', 'wrongpass')
        url = httpbin('digest-auth', 'auth', 'user', 'pass')

        r = requests.get(url, auth=auth)
        assert r.status_code == 401

        r = requests.get(url)
        assert r.status_code == 401

        s = requests.session()
        s.auth = auth
        r = s.get(url)
        assert r.status_code == 401

    def test_DIGESTAUTH_QUOTES_QOP_VALUE(self, httpbin):

        auth = HTTPDigestAuth('user', 'pass')
        url = httpbin('digest-auth', 'auth', 'user', 'pass')

        r = requests.get(url, auth=auth)
        assert '"auth"' in r.request.headers['Authorization']

    def test_POSTBIN_GET_POST_FILES(self, httpbin):

        url = httpbin('post')
        post1 = requests.post(url).raise_for_status()

        post1 = requests.post(url, data={'some': 'data'})
        assert post1.status_code == 200

        with open('requirements.txt') as f:
            post2 = requests.post(url, files={'some': f})
        assert post2.status_code == 200

        post4 = requests.post(url, data='[{"some": "json"}]')
        assert post4.status_code == 200

        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
            requests.post(url, files=['bad file data'])

    def test_POSTBIN_GET_POST_FILES_WITH_DATA(self, httpbin):

        url = httpbin('post')
        post1 = requests.post(url).raise_for_status()

        post1 = requests.post(url, data={'some': 'data'})
        assert post1.status_code == 200

        with open('requirements.txt') as f:
            post2 = requests.post(url,
                data={'some': 'data'}, files={'some': f})
        assert post2.status_code == 200

        post4 = requests.post(url, data='[{"some": "json"}]')
        assert post4.status_code == 200

        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
            requests.post(url, files=['bad file data'])

    def test_conflicting_post_params(self, httpbin):
        url = httpbin('post')
        with open('requirements.txt') as f:
            pytest.raises(ValueError, "requests.post(url, data='[{\"some\": \"data\"}]', files={'some': f})")
            pytest.raises(ValueError, "requests.post(url, data=u('[{\"some\": \"data\"}]'), files={'some': f})")

    def test_request_ok_set(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.get(httpbin('status', '404'))
        assert not r.ok

    def test_status_raising(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.get(httpbin('status', '404'))
        with pytest.raises(requests.exceptions.HTTPError):
            r.raise_for_status()

        r = requests.get(httpbin('status', '500'))
        assert not r.ok

    def test_decompress_gzip(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.get(httpbin('gzip'))
        r.content.decode('ascii')

    def test_unicode_get(self, httpbin):
        url = httpbin('/get')
        requests.get(url, params={'foo': 'føø'})
        requests.get(url, params={'føø': 'føø'})
        requests.get(url, params={'føø': 'føø'})
        requests.get(url, params={'foo': 'foo'})
        requests.get(httpbin('ø'), params={'foo': 'foo'})

    def test_unicode_header_name(self, httpbin):
        requests.put(
            httpbin('put'),
            headers={str('Content-Type'): 'application/octet-stream'},
            data='\xff')  # compat.str is unicode.

    def test_pyopenssl_redirect(self, httpsbin_url, httpbin_ca_bundle):
        requests.get(httpsbin_url('status', '301'), verify=httpbin_ca_bundle)

    def test_urlencoded_get_query_multivalued_param(self, httpbin):

        r = requests.get(httpbin('get'), params=dict(test=['foo', 'baz']))
        assert r.status_code == 200
        assert r.url == httpbin('get?test=foo&test=baz')

    def test_different_encodings_dont_break_post(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.post(httpbin('post'),
            data={'stuff': json.dumps({'a': 123})},
            params={'blah': 'asdf1234'},
            files={'file': ('test_requests.py', open(__file__, 'rb'))})
        assert r.status_code == 200

    def test_unicode_multipart_post(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.post(httpbin('post'),
            data={'stuff': u('ëlïxr')},
            files={'file': ('test_requests.py', open(__file__, 'rb'))})
        assert r.status_code == 200

        r = requests.post(httpbin('post'),
            data={'stuff': u('ëlïxr').encode('utf-8')},
            files={'file': ('test_requests.py', open(__file__, 'rb'))})
        assert r.status_code == 200

        r = requests.post(httpbin('post'),
            data={'stuff': 'elixr'},
            files={'file': ('test_requests.py', open(__file__, 'rb'))})
        assert r.status_code == 200

        r = requests.post(httpbin('post'),
            data={'stuff': 'elixr'.encode('utf-8')},
            files={'file': ('test_requests.py', open(__file__, 'rb'))})
        assert r.status_code == 200

    def test_unicode_multipart_post_fieldnames(self, httpbin):
        filename = os.path.splitext(__file__)[0] + '.py'
        r = requests.Request(method='POST',
                             url=httpbin('post'),
                             data={'stuff'.encode('utf-8'): 'elixr'},
                             files={'file': ('test_requests.py',
                                             open(filename, 'rb'))})
        prep = r.prepare()
        assert b'name="stuff"' in prep.body
        assert b'name="b\'stuff\'"' not in prep.body

    def test_unicode_method_name(self, httpbin):
        files = {'file': open('test_requests.py', 'rb')}
        r = requests.request(
            method=u('POST'), url=httpbin('post'), files=files)
        assert r.status_code == 200

    def test_unicode_method_name_with_request_object(self, httpbin):
        files = {'file': open('test_requests.py', 'rb')}
        s = requests.Session()
        req = requests.Request(u("POST"), httpbin('post'), files=files)
        prep = s.prepare_request(req)
        assert isinstance(prep.method, builtin_str)
        assert prep.method == "POST"

        resp = s.send(prep)
        assert resp.status_code == 200

    def test_custom_content_type(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.post(
            httpbin('post'),
            data={'stuff': json.dumps({'a': 123})},
            files={'file1': ('test_requests.py', open(__file__, 'rb')),
                   'file2': ('test_requests', open(__file__, 'rb'),
                             'text/py-content-type')})
        assert r.status_code == 200
        assert b"text/py-content-type" in r.request.body

    def test_hook_receives_request_arguments(self, httpbin):
        def hook(resp, **kwargs):
            assert resp is not None
            assert kwargs != {}

        requests.Request('GET', httpbin(), hooks={'response': hook})

    def test_session_hooks_are_used_with_no_request_hooks(self, httpbin):
        hook = lambda x, *args, **kwargs: x
        s = requests.Session()
        s.hooks['response'].append(hook)
        r = requests.Request('GET', httpbin())
        prep = s.prepare_request(r)
        assert prep.hooks['response'] != []
        assert prep.hooks['response'] == [hook]

    def test_session_hooks_are_overridden_by_request_hooks(self, httpbin):
        hook1 = lambda x, *args, **kwargs: x
        hook2 = lambda x, *args, **kwargs: x
        assert hook1 is not hook2
        s = requests.Session()
        s.hooks['response'].append(hook2)
        r = requests.Request('GET', httpbin(), hooks={'response': [hook1]})
        prep = s.prepare_request(r)
        assert prep.hooks['response'] == [hook1]

    def test_prepared_request_hook(self, httpbin):
        def hook(resp, **kwargs):
            resp.hook_working = True
            return resp

        req = requests.Request('GET', httpbin(), hooks={'response': hook})
        prep = req.prepare()

        s = requests.Session()
        s.proxies = getproxies()
        resp = s.send(prep)

        assert hasattr(resp, 'hook_working')

    def test_prepared_from_session(self, httpbin):
        class DummyAuth(requests.auth.AuthBase):
            def __call__(self, r):
                r.headers['Dummy-Auth-Test'] = 'dummy-auth-test-ok'
                return r

        req = requests.Request('GET', httpbin('headers'))
        assert not req.auth

        s = requests.Session()
        s.auth = DummyAuth()

        prep = s.prepare_request(req)
        resp = s.send(prep)

        assert resp.json()['headers'][
            'Dummy-Auth-Test'] == 'dummy-auth-test-ok'

    def test_prepare_request_with_bytestring_url(self):
        req = requests.Request('GET', b'https://httpbin.org/')
        s = requests.Session()
        prep = s.prepare_request(req)
        assert prep.url == "https://httpbin.org/"

    def test_links(self):
        r = requests.Response()
        r.headers = {
            'cache-control': 'public, max-age=60, s-maxage=60',
            'connection': 'keep-alive',
            'content-encoding': 'gzip',
            'content-type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8',
            'date': 'Sat, 26 Jan 2013 16:47:56 GMT',
            'etag': '"6ff6a73c0e446c1f61614769e3ceb778"',
            'last-modified': 'Sat, 26 Jan 2013 16:22:39 GMT',
            'link': ('<https://api.github.com/users/kennethreitz/repos?'
                     'page=2&per_page=10>; rel="next", <https://api.github.'
                     'com/users/kennethreitz/repos?page=7&per_page=10>; '
                     ' rel="last"'),
            'server': 'GitHub.com',
            'status': '200 OK',
            'vary': 'Accept',
            'x-content-type-options': 'nosniff',
            'x-github-media-type': 'github.beta',
            'x-ratelimit-limit': '60',
            'x-ratelimit-remaining': '57'
        }
        assert r.links['next']['rel'] == 'next'

    def test_cookie_parameters(self):
        key = 'some_cookie'
        value = 'some_value'
        secure = True
        domain = 'test.com'
        rest = {'HttpOnly': True}

        jar = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()
        jar.set(key, value, secure=secure, domain=domain, rest=rest)

        assert len(jar) == 1
        assert 'some_cookie' in jar

        cookie = list(jar)[0]
        assert cookie.secure == secure
        assert cookie.domain == domain
        assert cookie._rest['HttpOnly'] == rest['HttpOnly']

    def test_cookie_as_dict_keeps_len(self):
        key = 'some_cookie'
        value = 'some_value'

        key1 = 'some_cookie1'
        value1 = 'some_value1'

        jar = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()
        jar.set(key, value)
        jar.set(key1, value1)

        d1 = dict(jar)
        d2 = dict(jar.iteritems())
        d3 = dict(jar.items())

        assert len(jar) == 2
        assert len(d1) == 2
        assert len(d2) == 2
        assert len(d3) == 2

    def test_cookie_as_dict_keeps_items(self):
        key = 'some_cookie'
        value = 'some_value'

        key1 = 'some_cookie1'
        value1 = 'some_value1'

        jar = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()
        jar.set(key, value)
        jar.set(key1, value1)

        d1 = dict(jar)
        d2 = dict(jar.iteritems())
        d3 = dict(jar.items())

        assert d1['some_cookie'] == 'some_value'
        assert d2['some_cookie'] == 'some_value'
        assert d3['some_cookie1'] == 'some_value1'

    def test_cookie_as_dict_keys(self):
        key = 'some_cookie'
        value = 'some_value'

        key1 = 'some_cookie1'
        value1 = 'some_value1'

        jar = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()
        jar.set(key, value)
        jar.set(key1, value1)

        keys = jar.keys()
        assert keys == list(keys)
        # make sure one can use keys multiple times
        assert list(keys) == list(keys)

    def test_cookie_as_dict_values(self):
        key = 'some_cookie'
        value = 'some_value'

        key1 = 'some_cookie1'
        value1 = 'some_value1'

        jar = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()
        jar.set(key, value)
        jar.set(key1, value1)

        values = jar.values()
        assert values == list(values)
        # make sure one can use values multiple times
        assert list(values) == list(values)

    def test_cookie_as_dict_items(self):
        key = 'some_cookie'
        value = 'some_value'

        key1 = 'some_cookie1'
        value1 = 'some_value1'

        jar = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()
        jar.set(key, value)
        jar.set(key1, value1)

        items = jar.items()
        assert items == list(items)
        # make sure one can use items multiple times
        assert list(items) == list(items)

    def test_time_elapsed_blank(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.get(httpbin('get'))
        td = r.elapsed
        total_seconds = ((td.microseconds + (td.seconds + td.days * 24 * 3600)
                         * 10**6) / 10**6)
        assert total_seconds > 0.0

    def test_response_is_iterable(self):
        r = requests.Response()
        io = StringIO.StringIO('abc')
        read_ = io.read

        def read_mock(amt, decode_content=None):
            return read_(amt)
        setattr(io, 'read', read_mock)
        r.raw = io
        assert next(iter(r))
        io.close()

    def test_response_decode_unicode(self):
        """
        When called with decode_unicode, Response.iter_content should always
        return unicode.
        """
        r = requests.Response()
        r._content_consumed = True
        r._content = b'the content'
        r.encoding = 'ascii'

        chunks = r.iter_content(decode_unicode=True)
        assert all(isinstance(chunk, str) for chunk in chunks)

        # also for streaming
        r = requests.Response()
        r.raw = io.BytesIO(b'the content')
        r.encoding = 'ascii'
        chunks = r.iter_content(decode_unicode=True)
        assert all(isinstance(chunk, str) for chunk in chunks)

    def test_request_and_response_are_pickleable(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.get(httpbin('get'))

        # verify we can pickle the original request
        assert pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(r.request))

        # verify we can pickle the response and that we have access to
        # the original request.
        pr = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(r))
        assert r.request.url == pr.request.url
        assert r.request.headers == pr.request.headers

    def test_get_auth_from_url(self):
        url = 'http://user:pass@complex.url.com/path?query=yes'
        assert ('user', 'pass') == requests.utils.get_auth_from_url(url)

    def test_get_auth_from_url_encoded_spaces(self):
        url = 'http://user:pass%20pass@complex.url.com/path?query=yes'
        assert ('user', 'pass pass') == requests.utils.get_auth_from_url(url)

    def test_get_auth_from_url_not_encoded_spaces(self):
        url = 'http://user:pass pass@complex.url.com/path?query=yes'
        assert ('user', 'pass pass') == requests.utils.get_auth_from_url(url)

    def test_get_auth_from_url_percent_chars(self):
        url = 'http://user%25user:pass@complex.url.com/path?query=yes'
        assert ('user%user', 'pass') == requests.utils.get_auth_from_url(url)

    def test_get_auth_from_url_encoded_hashes(self):
        url = 'http://user:pass%23pass@complex.url.com/path?query=yes'
        assert ('user', 'pass#pass') == requests.utils.get_auth_from_url(url)

    def test_cannot_send_unprepared_requests(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.Request(url=httpbin())
        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
            requests.Session().send(r)

    def test_http_error(self):
        error = requests.exceptions.HTTPError()
        assert not error.response
        response = requests.Response()
        error = requests.exceptions.HTTPError(response=response)
        assert error.response == response
        error = requests.exceptions.HTTPError('message', response=response)
        assert str(error) == 'message'
        assert error.response == response

    def test_session_pickling(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.Request('GET', httpbin('get'))
        s = requests.Session()

        s = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(s))
        s.proxies = getproxies()

        r = s.send(r.prepare())
        assert r.status_code == 200

    def test_fixes_1329(self, httpbin):
        """
        Ensure that header updates are done case-insensitively.
        """
        s = requests.Session()
        s.headers.update({'ACCEPT': 'BOGUS'})
        s.headers.update({'accept': 'application/json'})
        r = s.get(httpbin('get'))
        headers = r.request.headers
        assert headers['accept'] == 'application/json'
        assert headers['Accept'] == 'application/json'
        assert headers['ACCEPT'] == 'application/json'

    def test_uppercase_scheme_redirect(self, httpbin):
        parts = urlparse(httpbin('html'))
        url = "HTTP://" + parts.netloc + parts.path
        r = requests.get(httpbin('redirect-to'), params={'url': url})
        assert r.status_code == 200
        assert r.url.lower() == url.lower()

    def test_transport_adapter_ordering(self):
        s = requests.Session()
        order = ['https://', 'http://']
        assert order == list(s.adapters)
        s.mount('http://git', HTTPAdapter())
        s.mount('http://github', HTTPAdapter())
        s.mount('http://github.com', HTTPAdapter())
        s.mount('http://github.com/about/', HTTPAdapter())
        order = [
            'http://github.com/about/',
            'http://github.com',
            'http://github',
            'http://git',
            'https://',
            'http://',
        ]
        assert order == list(s.adapters)
        s.mount('http://gittip', HTTPAdapter())
        s.mount('http://gittip.com', HTTPAdapter())
        s.mount('http://gittip.com/about/', HTTPAdapter())
        order = [
            'http://github.com/about/',
            'http://gittip.com/about/',
            'http://github.com',
            'http://gittip.com',
            'http://github',
            'http://gittip',
            'http://git',
            'https://',
            'http://',
        ]
        assert order == list(s.adapters)
        s2 = requests.Session()
        s2.adapters = {'http://': HTTPAdapter()}
        s2.mount('https://', HTTPAdapter())
        assert 'http://' in s2.adapters
        assert 'https://' in s2.adapters

    def test_header_remove_is_case_insensitive(self, httpbin):
        # From issue #1321
        s = requests.Session()
        s.headers['foo'] = 'bar'
        r = s.get(httpbin('get'), headers={'FOO': None})
        assert 'foo' not in r.request.headers

    def test_params_are_merged_case_sensitive(self, httpbin):
        s = requests.Session()
        s.params['foo'] = 'bar'
        r = s.get(httpbin('get'), params={'FOO': 'bar'})
        assert r.json()['args'] == {'foo': 'bar', 'FOO': 'bar'}

    def test_long_authinfo_in_url(self):
        url = 'http://{0}:{1}@{2}:9000/path?query#frag'.format(
            'E8A3BE87-9E3F-4620-8858-95478E385B5B',
            'EA770032-DA4D-4D84-8CE9-29C6D910BF1E',
            'exactly-------------sixty-----------three------------characters',
        )
        r = requests.Request('GET', url).prepare()
        assert r.url == url

    def test_header_keys_are_native(self, httpbin):
        headers = {u('unicode'): 'blah', 'byte'.encode('ascii'): 'blah'}
        r = requests.Request('GET', httpbin('get'), headers=headers)
        p = r.prepare()

        # This is testing that they are builtin strings. A bit weird, but there
        # we go.
        assert 'unicode' in p.headers.keys()
        assert 'byte' in p.headers.keys()

    def test_can_send_nonstring_objects_with_files(self, httpbin):
        data = {'a': 0.0}
        files = {'b': 'foo'}
        r = requests.Request('POST', httpbin('post'), data=data, files=files)
        p = r.prepare()

        assert 'multipart/form-data' in p.headers['Content-Type']

    def test_can_send_bytes_bytearray_objects_with_files(self, httpbin):
        # Test bytes:
        data = {'a': 'this is a string'}
        files = {'b': b'foo'}
        r = requests.Request('POST', httpbin('post'), data=data, files=files)
        p = r.prepare()
        assert 'multipart/form-data' in p.headers['Content-Type']
        # Test bytearrays:
        files = {'b': bytearray(b'foo')}
        r = requests.Request('POST', httpbin('post'), data=data, files=files)
        p = r.prepare()
        assert 'multipart/form-data' in p.headers['Content-Type']

    def test_can_send_file_object_with_non_string_filename(self, httpbin):
        f = io.BytesIO()
        f.name = 2
        r = requests.Request('POST', httpbin('post'), files={'f': f})
        p = r.prepare()

        assert 'multipart/form-data' in p.headers['Content-Type']

    def test_autoset_header_values_are_native(self, httpbin):
        data = 'this is a string'
        length = '16'
        req = requests.Request('POST', httpbin('post'), data=data)
        p = req.prepare()

        assert p.headers['Content-Length'] == length

    def test_nonhttp_schemes_dont_check_URLs(self):
        test_urls = (
            'data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAHAAACH5BAUAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==',
            'file:///etc/passwd',
            'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:be08f00302bc2d1d3cfa3af02024fa647a271431',
        )
        for test_url in test_urls:
            req = requests.Request('GET', test_url)
            preq = req.prepare()
            assert test_url == preq.url

    def test_auth_is_stripped_on_redirect_off_host(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.get(
            httpbin('redirect-to'),
            params={'url': 'http://www.google.co.uk'},
            auth=('user', 'pass'),
        )
        assert r.history[0].request.headers['Authorization']
        assert not r.request.headers.get('Authorization', '')

    def test_auth_is_retained_for_redirect_on_host(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.get(httpbin('redirect/1'), auth=('user', 'pass'))
        h1 = r.history[0].request.headers['Authorization']
        h2 = r.request.headers['Authorization']

        assert h1 == h2

    def test_manual_redirect_with_partial_body_read(self, httpbin):
        s = requests.Session()
        r1 = s.get(httpbin('redirect/2'), allow_redirects=False, stream=True)
        assert r1.is_redirect
        rg = s.resolve_redirects(r1, r1.request, stream=True)

        # read only the first eight bytes of the response body,
        # then follow the redirect
        r1.iter_content(8)
        r2 = next(rg)
        assert r2.is_redirect

        # read all of the response via iter_content,
        # then follow the redirect
        for _ in r2.iter_content():
            pass
        r3 = next(rg)
        assert not r3.is_redirect

    def _patch_adapter_gzipped_redirect(self, session, url):
        adapter = session.get_adapter(url=url)
        org_build_response = adapter.build_response
        self._patched_response = False

        def build_response(*args, **kwargs):
            resp = org_build_response(*args, **kwargs)
            if not self._patched_response:
                resp.raw.headers['content-encoding'] = 'gzip'
                self._patched_response = True
            return resp

        adapter.build_response = build_response

    def test_redirect_with_wrong_gzipped_header(self, httpbin):
        s = requests.Session()
        url = httpbin('redirect/1')
        self._patch_adapter_gzipped_redirect(s, url)
        s.get(url)

    def test_basic_auth_str_is_always_native(self):
        s = _basic_auth_str("test", "test")
        assert isinstance(s, builtin_str)
        assert s == "Basic dGVzdDp0ZXN0"

    def test_requests_history_is_saved(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.get(httpbin('redirect/5'))
        total = r.history[-1].history
        i = 0
        for item in r.history:
            assert item.history == total[0:i]
            i = i + 1

    def test_json_param_post_content_type_works(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.post(
            httpbin('post'),
            json={'life': 42}
        )
        assert r.status_code == 200
        assert 'application/json' in r.request.headers['Content-Type']
        assert {'life': 42} == r.json()['json']

    def test_json_param_post_should_not_override_data_param(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.Request(method='POST', url=httpbin('post'),
                             data={'stuff': 'elixr'},
                             json={'music': 'flute'})
        prep = r.prepare()
        assert 'stuff=elixr' == prep.body

    def test_response_iter_lines(self, httpbin):
        r = requests.get(httpbin('stream/4'), stream=True)
        assert r.status_code == 200

        it = r.iter_lines()
        next(it)
        assert len(list(it)) == 3

    def test_unconsumed_session_response_closes_connection(self, httpbin):
        s = requests.session()

        with contextlib.closing(s.get(httpbin('stream/4'), stream=True)) as response:
            pass

        assert response._content_consumed is False
        assert response.raw.closed

    @pytest.mark.xfail
    def test_response_iter_lines_reentrant(self, httpbin):
        """Response.iter_lines() is not reentrant safe"""
        r = requests.get(httpbin('stream/4'), stream=True)
        assert r.status_code == 200

        next(r.iter_lines())
        assert len(list(r.iter_lines())) == 3


class TestContentEncodingDetection(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_none(self):
        encodings = requests.utils.get_encodings_from_content('')
        assert not len(encodings)

    def test_html_charset(self):
        """HTML5 meta charset attribute"""
        content = '<meta charset="UTF-8">'
        encodings = requests.utils.get_encodings_from_content(content)
        assert len(encodings) == 1
        assert encodings[0] == 'UTF-8'

    def test_html4_pragma(self):
        """HTML4 pragma directive"""
        content = '<meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">'
        encodings = requests.utils.get_encodings_from_content(content)
        assert len(encodings) == 1
        assert encodings[0] == 'UTF-8'

    def test_xhtml_pragma(self):
        """XHTML 1.x served with text/html MIME type"""
        content = '<meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" />'
        encodings = requests.utils.get_encodings_from_content(content)
        assert len(encodings) == 1
        assert encodings[0] == 'UTF-8'

    def test_xml(self):
        """XHTML 1.x served as XML"""
        content = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>'
        encodings = requests.utils.get_encodings_from_content(content)
        assert len(encodings) == 1
        assert encodings[0] == 'UTF-8'

    def test_precedence(self):
        content = '''
        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="XML"?>
        <meta charset="HTML5">
        <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html;charset=HTML4" />
        '''.strip()
        encodings = requests.utils.get_encodings_from_content(content)
        assert encodings == ['HTML5', 'HTML4', 'XML']


class TestCaseInsensitiveDict(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_mapping_init(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict({'Foo': 'foo', 'BAr': 'bar'})
        assert len(cid) == 2
        assert 'foo' in cid
        assert 'bar' in cid

    def test_iterable_init(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict([('Foo', 'foo'), ('BAr', 'bar')])
        assert len(cid) == 2
        assert 'foo' in cid
        assert 'bar' in cid

    def test_kwargs_init(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict(FOO='foo', BAr='bar')
        assert len(cid) == 2
        assert 'foo' in cid
        assert 'bar' in cid

    def test_docstring_example(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict()
        cid['Accept'] = 'application/json'
        assert cid['aCCEPT'] == 'application/json'
        assert list(cid) == ['Accept']

    def test_len(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict({'a': 'a', 'b': 'b'})
        cid['A'] = 'a'
        assert len(cid) == 2

    def test_getitem(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict({'Spam': 'blueval'})
        assert cid['spam'] == 'blueval'
        assert cid['SPAM'] == 'blueval'

    def test_fixes_649(self):
        """__setitem__ should behave case-insensitively."""
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict()
        cid['spam'] = 'oneval'
        cid['Spam'] = 'twoval'
        cid['sPAM'] = 'redval'
        cid['SPAM'] = 'blueval'
        assert cid['spam'] == 'blueval'
        assert cid['SPAM'] == 'blueval'
        assert list(cid.keys()) == ['SPAM']

    def test_delitem(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict()
        cid['Spam'] = 'someval'
        del cid['sPam']
        assert 'spam' not in cid
        assert len(cid) == 0

    def test_contains(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict()
        cid['Spam'] = 'someval'
        assert 'Spam' in cid
        assert 'spam' in cid
        assert 'SPAM' in cid
        assert 'sPam' in cid
        assert 'notspam' not in cid

    def test_get(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict()
        cid['spam'] = 'oneval'
        cid['SPAM'] = 'blueval'
        assert cid.get('spam') == 'blueval'
        assert cid.get('SPAM') == 'blueval'
        assert cid.get('sPam') == 'blueval'
        assert cid.get('notspam', 'default') == 'default'

    def test_update(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict()
        cid['spam'] = 'blueval'
        cid.update({'sPam': 'notblueval'})
        assert cid['spam'] == 'notblueval'
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict({'Foo': 'foo', 'BAr': 'bar'})
        cid.update({'fOO': 'anotherfoo', 'bAR': 'anotherbar'})
        assert len(cid) == 2
        assert cid['foo'] == 'anotherfoo'
        assert cid['bar'] == 'anotherbar'

    def test_update_retains_unchanged(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict({'foo': 'foo', 'bar': 'bar'})
        cid.update({'foo': 'newfoo'})
        assert cid['bar'] == 'bar'

    def test_iter(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict({'Spam': 'spam', 'Eggs': 'eggs'})
        keys = frozenset(['Spam', 'Eggs'])
        assert frozenset(iter(cid)) == keys

    def test_equality(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict({'SPAM': 'blueval', 'Eggs': 'redval'})
        othercid = CaseInsensitiveDict({'spam': 'blueval', 'eggs': 'redval'})
        assert cid == othercid
        del othercid['spam']
        assert cid != othercid
        assert cid == {'spam': 'blueval', 'eggs': 'redval'}
        assert cid != object()

    def test_setdefault(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict({'Spam': 'blueval'})
        assert cid.setdefault('spam', 'notblueval') == 'blueval'
        assert cid.setdefault('notspam', 'notblueval') == 'notblueval'

    def test_lower_items(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict({
            'Accept': 'application/json',
            'user-Agent': 'requests',
        })
        keyset = frozenset(lowerkey for lowerkey, v in cid.lower_items())
        lowerkeyset = frozenset(['accept', 'user-agent'])
        assert keyset == lowerkeyset

    def test_preserve_key_case(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict({
            'Accept': 'application/json',
            'user-Agent': 'requests',
        })
        keyset = frozenset(['Accept', 'user-Agent'])
        assert frozenset(i[0] for i in cid.items()) == keyset
        assert frozenset(cid.keys()) == keyset
        assert frozenset(cid) == keyset

    def test_preserve_last_key_case(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict({
            'Accept': 'application/json',
            'user-Agent': 'requests',
        })
        cid.update({'ACCEPT': 'application/json'})
        cid['USER-AGENT'] = 'requests'
        keyset = frozenset(['ACCEPT', 'USER-AGENT'])
        assert frozenset(i[0] for i in cid.items()) == keyset
        assert frozenset(cid.keys()) == keyset
        assert frozenset(cid) == keyset

    def test_copy(self):
        cid = CaseInsensitiveDict({
            'Accept': 'application/json',
            'user-Agent': 'requests',
        })
        cid_copy = cid.copy()
        assert cid == cid_copy
        cid['changed'] = True
        assert cid != cid_copy


class UtilsTestCase(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_super_len_io_streams(self):
        """ Ensures that we properly deal with different kinds of IO streams. """
        # uses StringIO or io.StringIO (see import above)
        from io import BytesIO
        from requests.utils import super_len

        assert super_len(StringIO.StringIO()) == 0
        assert super_len(
            StringIO.StringIO('with so much drama in the LBC')) == 29

        assert super_len(BytesIO()) == 0
        assert super_len(
            BytesIO(b"it's kinda hard bein' snoop d-o-double-g")) == 40

        try:
            import cStringIO
        except ImportError:
            pass
        else:
            assert super_len(
                cStringIO.StringIO('but some how, some way...')) == 25

    def test_super_len_correctly_calculates_len_of_partially_read_file(self):
        """Ensure that we handle partially consumed file like objects."""
        from requests.utils import super_len
        s = StringIO.StringIO()
        s.write('foobarbogus')
        assert super_len(s) == 0

    def test_get_environ_proxies_ip_ranges(self):
        """Ensures that IP addresses are correctly matches with ranges
        in no_proxy variable."""
        from requests.utils import get_environ_proxies
        os.environ['no_proxy'] = "192.168.0.0/24,127.0.0.1,localhost.localdomain,172.16.1.1"
        assert get_environ_proxies('http://192.168.0.1:5000/') == {}
        assert get_environ_proxies('http://192.168.0.1/') == {}
        assert get_environ_proxies('http://172.16.1.1/') == {}
        assert get_environ_proxies('http://172.16.1.1:5000/') == {}
        assert get_environ_proxies('http://192.168.1.1:5000/') != {}
        assert get_environ_proxies('http://192.168.1.1/') != {}

    def test_get_environ_proxies(self):
        """Ensures that IP addresses are correctly matches with ranges
        in no_proxy variable."""
        from requests.utils import get_environ_proxies
        os.environ['no_proxy'] = "127.0.0.1,localhost.localdomain,192.168.0.0/24,172.16.1.1"
        assert get_environ_proxies(
            'http://localhost.localdomain:5000/v1.0/') == {}
        assert get_environ_proxies('http://www.requests.com/') != {}

    def test_select_proxies(self):
        """Make sure we can select per-host proxies correctly."""
        from requests.utils import select_proxy
        proxies = {'http': 'http://http.proxy',
                   'http://some.host': 'http://some.host.proxy'}
        assert select_proxy('hTTp://u:p@Some.Host/path', proxies) == 'http://some.host.proxy'
        assert select_proxy('hTTp://u:p@Other.Host/path', proxies) == 'http://http.proxy'
        assert select_proxy('hTTps://Other.Host', proxies) is None

    def test_guess_filename_when_int(self):
        from requests.utils import guess_filename
        assert None is guess_filename(1)

    def test_guess_filename_when_filename_is_an_int(self):
        from requests.utils import guess_filename
        fake = type('Fake', (object,), {'name': 1})()
        assert None is guess_filename(fake)

    def test_guess_filename_with_file_like_obj(self):
        from requests.utils import guess_filename
        from requests import compat
        fake = type('Fake', (object,), {'name': b'value'})()
        guessed_name = guess_filename(fake)
        assert b'value' == guessed_name
        assert isinstance(guessed_name, compat.bytes)

    def test_guess_filename_with_unicode_name(self):
        from requests.utils import guess_filename
        from requests import compat
        filename = b'value'.decode('utf-8')
        fake = type('Fake', (object,), {'name': filename})()
        guessed_name = guess_filename(fake)
        assert filename == guessed_name
        assert isinstance(guessed_name, compat.str)

    def test_is_ipv4_address(self):
        from requests.utils import is_ipv4_address
        assert is_ipv4_address('8.8.8.8')
        assert not is_ipv4_address('8.8.8.8.8')
        assert not is_ipv4_address('localhost.localdomain')

    def test_is_valid_cidr(self):
        from requests.utils import is_valid_cidr
        assert not is_valid_cidr('8.8.8.8')
        assert is_valid_cidr('192.168.1.0/24')

    def test_dotted_netmask(self):
        from requests.utils import dotted_netmask
        assert dotted_netmask(8) == '255.0.0.0'
        assert dotted_netmask(24) == '255.255.255.0'
        assert dotted_netmask(25) == '255.255.255.128'

    def test_address_in_network(self):
        from requests.utils import address_in_network
        assert address_in_network('192.168.1.1', '192.168.1.0/24')
        assert not address_in_network('172.16.0.1', '192.168.1.0/24')

    def test_get_auth_from_url(self):
        """Ensures that username and password in well-encoded URI as per
        RFC 3986 are correclty extracted."""
        from requests.utils import get_auth_from_url
        from requests.compat import quote
        percent_encoding_test_chars = "%!*'();:@&=+$,/?#[] "
        url_address = "request.com/url.html#test"
        url = "http://" + quote(
            percent_encoding_test_chars, '') + ':' + quote(
            percent_encoding_test_chars, '') + '@' + url_address
        (username, password) = get_auth_from_url(url)
        assert username == percent_encoding_test_chars
        assert password == percent_encoding_test_chars

    def test_requote_uri_with_unquoted_percents(self):
        """Ensure we handle unquoted percent signs in redirects.

        See: https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests/issues/2356
        """
        from requests.utils import requote_uri
        bad_uri = 'http://example.com/fiz?buz=%ppicture'
        quoted = 'http://example.com/fiz?buz=%25ppicture'
        assert quoted == requote_uri(bad_uri)

    def test_requote_uri_properly_requotes(self):
        """Ensure requoting doesn't break expectations."""
        from requests.utils import requote_uri
        quoted = 'http://example.com/fiz?buz=%25ppicture'
        assert quoted == requote_uri(quoted)


class TestMorselToCookieExpires(unittest.TestCase):

    """Tests for morsel_to_cookie when morsel contains expires."""

    def test_expires_valid_str(self):
        """Test case where we convert expires from string time."""

        morsel = Morsel()
        morsel['expires'] = 'Thu, 01-Jan-1970 00:00:01 GMT'
        cookie = morsel_to_cookie(morsel)
        assert cookie.expires == 1

    def test_expires_invalid_int(self):
        """Test case where an invalid type is passed for expires."""

        morsel = Morsel()
        morsel['expires'] = 100
        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
            morsel_to_cookie(morsel)

    def test_expires_invalid_str(self):
        """Test case where an invalid string is input."""

        morsel = Morsel()
        morsel['expires'] = 'woops'
        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
            morsel_to_cookie(morsel)

    def test_expires_none(self):
        """Test case where expires is None."""

        morsel = Morsel()
        morsel['expires'] = None
        cookie = morsel_to_cookie(morsel)
        assert cookie.expires is None


class TestMorselToCookieMaxAge(unittest.TestCase):

    """Tests for morsel_to_cookie when morsel contains max-age."""

    def test_max_age_valid_int(self):
        """Test case where a valid max age in seconds is passed."""

        morsel = Morsel()
        morsel['max-age'] = 60
        cookie = morsel_to_cookie(morsel)
        assert isinstance(cookie.expires, int)

    def test_max_age_invalid_str(self):
        """Test case where a invalid max age is passed."""

        morsel = Morsel()
        morsel['max-age'] = 'woops'
        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
            morsel_to_cookie(morsel)


class TestTimeout:
    def test_stream_timeout(self, httpbin):
        try:
            requests.get(httpbin('delay/10'), timeout=2.0)
        except requests.exceptions.Timeout as e:
            assert 'Read timed out' in e.args[0].args[0]

    def test_invalid_timeout(self, httpbin):
        with pytest.raises(ValueError) as e:
            requests.get(httpbin('get'), timeout=(3, 4, 5))
        assert '(connect, read)' in str(e)

        with pytest.raises(ValueError) as e:
            requests.get(httpbin('get'), timeout="foo")
        assert 'must be an int or float' in str(e)

    def test_none_timeout(self, httpbin):
        """ Check that you can set None as a valid timeout value.

        To actually test this behavior, we'd want to check that setting the
        timeout to None actually lets the request block past the system default
        timeout. However, this would make the test suite unbearably slow.
        Instead we verify that setting the timeout to None does not prevent the
        request from succeeding.
        """
        r = requests.get(httpbin('get'), timeout=None)
        assert r.status_code == 200

    def test_read_timeout(self, httpbin):
        try:
            requests.get(httpbin('delay/10'), timeout=(None, 0.1))
            assert False, "The recv() request should time out."
        except ReadTimeout:
            pass

    def test_connect_timeout(self):
        try:
            requests.get(TARPIT, timeout=(0.1, None))
            assert False, "The connect() request should time out."
        except ConnectTimeout as e:
            assert isinstance(e, ConnectionError)
            assert isinstance(e, Timeout)

    def test_total_timeout_connect(self):
        try:
            requests.get(TARPIT, timeout=(0.1, 0.1))
            assert False, "The connect() request should time out."
        except ConnectTimeout:
            pass

    def test_encoded_methods(self, httpbin):
        """See: https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests/issues/2316"""
        r = requests.request(b'GET', httpbin('get'))
        assert r.ok


SendCall = collections.namedtuple('SendCall', ('args', 'kwargs'))


class RedirectSession(SessionRedirectMixin):
    def __init__(self, order_of_redirects):
        self.redirects = order_of_redirects
        self.calls = []
        self.max_redirects = 30
        self.cookies = {}
        self.trust_env = False

    def send(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.calls.append(SendCall(args, kwargs))
        return self.build_response()

    def build_response(self):
        request = self.calls[-1].args[0]
        r = requests.Response()

        try:
            r.status_code = int(self.redirects.pop(0))
        except IndexError:
            r.status_code = 200

        r.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict({'Location': '/'})
        r.raw = self._build_raw()
        r.request = request
        return r

    def _build_raw(self):
        string = StringIO.StringIO('')
        setattr(string, 'release_conn', lambda *args: args)
        return string


class TestRedirects:
    default_keyword_args = {
        'stream': False,
        'verify': True,
        'cert': None,
        'timeout': None,
        'allow_redirects': False,
        'proxies': {},
    }

    def test_requests_are_updated_each_time(self, httpbin):
        session = RedirectSession([303, 307])
        prep = requests.Request('POST', httpbin('post')).prepare()
        r0 = session.send(prep)
        assert r0.request.method == 'POST'
        assert session.calls[-1] == SendCall((r0.request,), {})
        redirect_generator = session.resolve_redirects(r0, prep)
        for response in redirect_generator:
            assert response.request.method == 'GET'
            send_call = SendCall((response.request,),
                                 TestRedirects.default_keyword_args)
            assert session.calls[-1] == send_call



@pytest.fixture
def list_of_tuples():
    return [
        (('a', 'b'), ('c', 'd')),
        (('c', 'd'), ('a', 'b')),
        (('a', 'b'), ('c', 'd'), ('e', 'f')),
        ]


def test_data_argument_accepts_tuples(list_of_tuples):
    """
    Ensure that the data argument will accept tuples of strings
    and properly encode them.
    """
    for data in list_of_tuples:
        p = PreparedRequest()
        p.prepare(
            method='GET',
            url='http://www.example.com',
            data=data,
            hooks=default_hooks()
        )
        assert p.body == urlencode(data)


def assert_copy(p, p_copy):
    for attr in ('method', 'url', 'headers', '_cookies', 'body', 'hooks'):
        assert getattr(p, attr) == getattr(p_copy, attr)


def test_prepared_request_empty_copy():
    p = PreparedRequest()
    assert_copy(p, p.copy())


def test_prepared_request_no_cookies_copy():
    p = PreparedRequest()
    p.prepare(
        method='GET',
        url='http://www.example.com',
        data='foo=bar',
        hooks=default_hooks()
    )
    assert_copy(p, p.copy())


def test_prepared_request_complete_copy():
    p = PreparedRequest()
    p.prepare(
        method='GET',
        url='http://www.example.com',
        data='foo=bar',
        hooks=default_hooks(),
        cookies={'foo': 'bar'}
    )
    assert_copy(p, p.copy())


def test_prepare_unicode_url():
    p = PreparedRequest()
    p.prepare(
        method='GET',
        url=u('http://www.example.com/üniçø∂é'),
    )
    assert_copy(p, p.copy())


def test_urllib3_retries(httpbin):
    from requests.packages.urllib3.util import Retry
    s = requests.Session()
    s.mount('http://', HTTPAdapter(max_retries=Retry(
        total=2, status_forcelist=[500]
    )))

    with pytest.raises(RetryError):
        s.get(httpbin('status/500'))


def test_urllib3_pool_connection_closed(httpbin):
    s = requests.Session()
    s.mount('http://', HTTPAdapter(pool_connections=0, pool_maxsize=0))

    try:
        s.get(httpbin('status/200'))
    except ConnectionError as e:
        assert u"Pool is closed." in str(e)


def test_vendor_aliases():
    from requests.packages import urllib3
    from requests.packages import chardet

    with pytest.raises(ImportError):
        from requests.packages import webbrowser


if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()