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+// Mozilla has modified this file - see http://hg.mozilla.org/ for details.
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.mozilla.apache.commons.codec.net;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
+import java.util.BitSet;
+
+import org.mozilla.apache.commons.codec.BinaryDecoder;
+import org.mozilla.apache.commons.codec.BinaryEncoder;
+import org.mozilla.apache.commons.codec.DecoderException;
+import org.mozilla.apache.commons.codec.EncoderException;
+import org.mozilla.apache.commons.codec.CharEncoding;
+import org.mozilla.apache.commons.codec.StringDecoder;
+import org.mozilla.apache.commons.codec.StringEncoder;
+import org.mozilla.apache.commons.codec.binary.StringUtils;
+
+/**
+ * <p>Implements the 'www-form-urlencoded' encoding scheme,
+ * also misleadingly known as URL encoding.</p>
+ *
+ * <p>For more detailed information please refer to
+ * <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/interact/forms.html#h-17.13.4.1">
+ * Chapter 17.13.4 'Form content types'</a> of the
+ * <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/">HTML 4.01 Specification<a></p>
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * This codec is meant to be a replacement for standard Java classes
+ * {@link java.net.URLEncoder} and {@link java.net.URLDecoder}
+ * on older Java platforms, as these classes in Java versions below
+ * 1.4 rely on the platform's default charset encoding.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @author Apache Software Foundation
+ * @since 1.2
+ * @version $Id: URLCodec.java 1079537 2011-03-08 20:56:19Z ggregory $
+ */
+public class URLCodec implements BinaryEncoder, BinaryDecoder, StringEncoder, StringDecoder {
+
+ /**
+ * Radix used in encoding and decoding.
+ */
+ static final int RADIX = 16;
+
+ /**
+ * The default charset used for string decoding and encoding. Consider this field final. The next major release may
+ * break compatibility and make this field be final.
+ */
+ protected String charset;
+
+ /**
+ * Release 1.5 made this field final.
+ */
+ protected static final byte ESCAPE_CHAR = '%';
+ /**
+ * BitSet of www-form-url safe characters.
+ */
+ protected static final BitSet WWW_FORM_URL = new BitSet(256);
+
+ // Static initializer for www_form_url
+ static {
+ // alpha characters
+ for (int i = 'a'; i <= 'z'; i++) {
+ WWW_FORM_URL.set(i);
+ }
+ for (int i = 'A'; i <= 'Z'; i++) {
+ WWW_FORM_URL.set(i);
+ }
+ // numeric characters
+ for (int i = '0'; i <= '9'; i++) {
+ WWW_FORM_URL.set(i);
+ }
+ // special chars
+ WWW_FORM_URL.set('-');
+ WWW_FORM_URL.set('_');
+ WWW_FORM_URL.set('.');
+ WWW_FORM_URL.set('*');
+ // blank to be replaced with +
+ WWW_FORM_URL.set(' ');
+ }
+
+
+ /**
+ * Default constructor.
+ */
+ public URLCodec() {
+ this(CharEncoding.UTF_8);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Constructor which allows for the selection of a default charset
+ *
+ * @param charset the default string charset to use.
+ */
+ public URLCodec(String charset) {
+ super();
+ this.charset = charset;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Encodes an array of bytes into an array of URL safe 7-bit characters. Unsafe characters are escaped.
+ *
+ * @param urlsafe
+ * bitset of characters deemed URL safe
+ * @param bytes
+ * array of bytes to convert to URL safe characters
+ * @return array of bytes containing URL safe characters
+ */
+ public static final byte[] encodeUrl(BitSet urlsafe, byte[] bytes) {
+ if (bytes == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
+ if (urlsafe == null) {
+ urlsafe = WWW_FORM_URL;
+ }
+
+ ByteArrayOutputStream buffer = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+ for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
+ int b = bytes[i];
+ if (b < 0) {
+ b = 256 + b;
+ }
+ if (urlsafe.get(b)) {
+ if (b == ' ') {
+ b = '+';
+ }
+ buffer.write(b);
+ } else {
+ buffer.write(ESCAPE_CHAR);
+ char hex1 = Character.toUpperCase(Character.forDigit((b >> 4) & 0xF, RADIX));
+ char hex2 = Character.toUpperCase(Character.forDigit(b & 0xF, RADIX));
+ buffer.write(hex1);
+ buffer.write(hex2);
+ }
+ }
+ return buffer.toByteArray();
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Decodes an array of URL safe 7-bit characters into an array of
+ * original bytes. Escaped characters are converted back to their
+ * original representation.
+ *
+ * @param bytes array of URL safe characters
+ * @return array of original bytes
+ * @throws DecoderException Thrown if URL decoding is unsuccessful
+ */
+ public static final byte[] decodeUrl(byte[] bytes) throws DecoderException {
+ if (bytes == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
+ ByteArrayOutputStream buffer = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+ for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
+ int b = bytes[i];
+ if (b == '+') {
+ buffer.write(' ');
+ } else if (b == ESCAPE_CHAR) {
+ try {
+ int u = Utils.digit16(bytes[++i]);
+ int l = Utils.digit16(bytes[++i]);
+ buffer.write((char) ((u << 4) + l));
+ } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+ throw new DecoderException("Invalid URL encoding: ", e);
+ }
+ } else {
+ buffer.write(b);
+ }
+ }
+ return buffer.toByteArray();
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Encodes an array of bytes into an array of URL safe 7-bit
+ * characters. Unsafe characters are escaped.
+ *
+ * @param bytes array of bytes to convert to URL safe characters
+ * @return array of bytes containing URL safe characters
+ */
+ public byte[] encode(byte[] bytes) {
+ return encodeUrl(WWW_FORM_URL, bytes);
+ }
+
+
+ /**
+ * Decodes an array of URL safe 7-bit characters into an array of
+ * original bytes. Escaped characters are converted back to their
+ * original representation.
+ *
+ * @param bytes array of URL safe characters
+ * @return array of original bytes
+ * @throws DecoderException Thrown if URL decoding is unsuccessful
+ */
+ public byte[] decode(byte[] bytes) throws DecoderException {
+ return decodeUrl(bytes);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Encodes a string into its URL safe form using the specified string charset. Unsafe characters are escaped.
+ *
+ * @param pString
+ * string to convert to a URL safe form
+ * @param charset
+ * the charset for pString
+ * @return URL safe string
+ * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
+ * Thrown if charset is not supported
+ */
+ public String encode(String pString, String charset) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
+ if (pString == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
+ return StringUtils.newStringUsAscii(encode(pString.getBytes(charset)));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Encodes a string into its URL safe form using the default string
+ * charset. Unsafe characters are escaped.
+ *
+ * @param pString string to convert to a URL safe form
+ * @return URL safe string
+ * @throws EncoderException Thrown if URL encoding is unsuccessful
+ *
+ * @see #getDefaultCharset()
+ */
+ public String encode(String pString) throws EncoderException {
+ if (pString == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
+ try {
+ return encode(pString, getDefaultCharset());
+ } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
+ throw new EncoderException(e.getMessage(), e);
+ }
+ }
+
+
+ /**
+ * Decodes a URL safe string into its original form using the
+ * specified encoding. Escaped characters are converted back
+ * to their original representation.
+ *
+ * @param pString URL safe string to convert into its original form
+ * @param charset the original string charset
+ * @return original string
+ * @throws DecoderException Thrown if URL decoding is unsuccessful
+ * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException Thrown if charset is not
+ * supported
+ */
+ public String decode(String pString, String charset) throws DecoderException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
+ if (pString == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
+ return new String(decode(StringUtils.getBytesUsAscii(pString)), charset);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Decodes a URL safe string into its original form using the default
+ * string charset. Escaped characters are converted back to their
+ * original representation.
+ *
+ * @param pString URL safe string to convert into its original form
+ * @return original string
+ * @throws DecoderException Thrown if URL decoding is unsuccessful
+ *
+ * @see #getDefaultCharset()
+ */
+ public String decode(String pString) throws DecoderException {
+ if (pString == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
+ try {
+ return decode(pString, getDefaultCharset());
+ } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
+ throw new DecoderException(e.getMessage(), e);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Encodes an object into its URL safe form. Unsafe characters are
+ * escaped.
+ *
+ * @param pObject string to convert to a URL safe form
+ * @return URL safe object
+ * @throws EncoderException Thrown if URL encoding is not
+ * applicable to objects of this type or
+ * if encoding is unsuccessful
+ */
+ public Object encode(Object pObject) throws EncoderException {
+ if (pObject == null) {
+ return null;
+ } else if (pObject instanceof byte[]) {
+ return encode((byte[])pObject);
+ } else if (pObject instanceof String) {
+ return encode((String)pObject);
+ } else {
+ throw new EncoderException("Objects of type " +
+ pObject.getClass().getName() + " cannot be URL encoded");
+
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Decodes a URL safe object into its original form. Escaped characters are converted back to their original
+ * representation.
+ *
+ * @param pObject
+ * URL safe object to convert into its original form
+ * @return original object
+ * @throws DecoderException
+ * Thrown if the argument is not a <code>String</code> or <code>byte[]</code>. Thrown if a failure condition is
+ * encountered during the decode process.
+ */
+ public Object decode(Object pObject) throws DecoderException {
+ if (pObject == null) {
+ return null;
+ } else if (pObject instanceof byte[]) {
+ return decode((byte[]) pObject);
+ } else if (pObject instanceof String) {
+ return decode((String) pObject);
+ } else {
+ throw new DecoderException("Objects of type " + pObject.getClass().getName() + " cannot be URL decoded");
+
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * The <code>String</code> encoding used for decoding and encoding.
+ *
+ * @return Returns the encoding.
+ *
+ * @deprecated Use {@link #getDefaultCharset()}, will be removed in 2.0.
+ */
+ public String getEncoding() {
+ return this.charset;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * The default charset used for string decoding and encoding.
+ *
+ * @return the default string charset.
+ */
+ public String getDefaultCharset() {
+ return this.charset;
+ }
+
+}