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+/*
+ * ====================================================================
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ * ====================================================================
+ *
+ * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
+ * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation. For more
+ * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
+ * <http://www.apache.org/>.
+ *
+ */
+
+package ch.boye.httpclientandroidlib.message;
+
+import ch.boye.httpclientandroidlib.HeaderElement;
+import ch.boye.httpclientandroidlib.NameValuePair;
+import ch.boye.httpclientandroidlib.annotation.Immutable;
+import ch.boye.httpclientandroidlib.util.Args;
+import ch.boye.httpclientandroidlib.util.CharArrayBuffer;
+
+/**
+ * Basic implementation for formatting header value elements.
+ * Instances of this class are stateless and thread-safe.
+ * Derived classes are expected to maintain these properties.
+ *
+ * @since 4.0
+ */
+@Immutable
+public class BasicHeaderValueFormatter implements HeaderValueFormatter {
+
+ /**
+ * A default instance of this class, for use as default or fallback.
+ * Note that {@link BasicHeaderValueFormatter} is not a singleton, there
+ * can be many instances of the class itself and of derived classes.
+ * The instance here provides non-customized, default behavior.
+ *
+ * @deprecated (4.3) use {@link #INSTANCE}
+ */
+ @Deprecated
+ public final static
+ BasicHeaderValueFormatter DEFAULT = new BasicHeaderValueFormatter();
+
+ public final static BasicHeaderValueFormatter INSTANCE = new BasicHeaderValueFormatter();
+
+ /**
+ * Special characters that can be used as separators in HTTP parameters.
+ * These special characters MUST be in a quoted string to be used within
+ * a parameter value .
+ */
+ public final static String SEPARATORS = " ;,:@()<>\\\"/[]?={}\t";
+
+ /**
+ * Unsafe special characters that must be escaped using the backslash
+ * character
+ */
+ public final static String UNSAFE_CHARS = "\"\\";
+
+ public BasicHeaderValueFormatter() {
+ super();
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Formats an array of header elements.
+ *
+ * @param elems the header elements to format
+ * @param quote <code>true</code> to always format with quoted values,
+ * <code>false</code> to use quotes only when necessary
+ * @param formatter the formatter to use, or <code>null</code>
+ * for the {@link #INSTANCE default}
+ *
+ * @return the formatted header elements
+ */
+ public static
+ String formatElements(final HeaderElement[] elems,
+ final boolean quote,
+ final HeaderValueFormatter formatter) {
+ return (formatter != null ? formatter : BasicHeaderValueFormatter.INSTANCE)
+ .formatElements(null, elems, quote).toString();
+ }
+
+
+ // non-javadoc, see interface HeaderValueFormatter
+ public CharArrayBuffer formatElements(final CharArrayBuffer charBuffer,
+ final HeaderElement[] elems,
+ final boolean quote) {
+ Args.notNull(elems, "Header element array");
+ final int len = estimateElementsLen(elems);
+ CharArrayBuffer buffer = charBuffer;
+ if (buffer == null) {
+ buffer = new CharArrayBuffer(len);
+ } else {
+ buffer.ensureCapacity(len);
+ }
+
+ for (int i=0; i<elems.length; i++) {
+ if (i > 0) {
+ buffer.append(", ");
+ }
+ formatHeaderElement(buffer, elems[i], quote);
+ }
+
+ return buffer;
+ }
+
+
+ /**
+ * Estimates the length of formatted header elements.
+ *
+ * @param elems the header elements to format, or <code>null</code>
+ *
+ * @return a length estimate, in number of characters
+ */
+ protected int estimateElementsLen(final HeaderElement[] elems) {
+ if ((elems == null) || (elems.length < 1)) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ int result = (elems.length-1) * 2; // elements separated by ", "
+ for (final HeaderElement elem : elems) {
+ result += estimateHeaderElementLen(elem);
+ }
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a header element.
+ *
+ * @param elem the header element to format
+ * @param quote <code>true</code> to always format with quoted values,
+ * <code>false</code> to use quotes only when necessary
+ * @param formatter the formatter to use, or <code>null</code>
+ * for the {@link #INSTANCE default}
+ *
+ * @return the formatted header element
+ */
+ public static
+ String formatHeaderElement(final HeaderElement elem,
+ final boolean quote,
+ final HeaderValueFormatter formatter) {
+ return (formatter != null ? formatter : BasicHeaderValueFormatter.INSTANCE)
+ .formatHeaderElement(null, elem, quote).toString();
+ }
+
+
+ // non-javadoc, see interface HeaderValueFormatter
+ public CharArrayBuffer formatHeaderElement(final CharArrayBuffer charBuffer,
+ final HeaderElement elem,
+ final boolean quote) {
+ Args.notNull(elem, "Header element");
+ final int len = estimateHeaderElementLen(elem);
+ CharArrayBuffer buffer = charBuffer;
+ if (buffer == null) {
+ buffer = new CharArrayBuffer(len);
+ } else {
+ buffer.ensureCapacity(len);
+ }
+
+ buffer.append(elem.getName());
+ final String value = elem.getValue();
+ if (value != null) {
+ buffer.append('=');
+ doFormatValue(buffer, value, quote);
+ }
+
+ final int parcnt = elem.getParameterCount();
+ if (parcnt > 0) {
+ for (int i=0; i<parcnt; i++) {
+ buffer.append("; ");
+ formatNameValuePair(buffer, elem.getParameter(i), quote);
+ }
+ }
+
+ return buffer;
+ }
+
+
+ /**
+ * Estimates the length of a formatted header element.
+ *
+ * @param elem the header element to format, or <code>null</code>
+ *
+ * @return a length estimate, in number of characters
+ */
+ protected int estimateHeaderElementLen(final HeaderElement elem) {
+ if (elem == null) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ int result = elem.getName().length(); // name
+ final String value = elem.getValue();
+ if (value != null) {
+ // assume quotes, but no escaped characters
+ result += 3 + value.length(); // ="value"
+ }
+
+ final int parcnt = elem.getParameterCount();
+ if (parcnt > 0) {
+ for (int i=0; i<parcnt; i++) {
+ result += 2 + // ; <param>
+ estimateNameValuePairLen(elem.getParameter(i));
+ }
+ }
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+
+
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a set of parameters.
+ *
+ * @param nvps the parameters to format
+ * @param quote <code>true</code> to always format with quoted values,
+ * <code>false</code> to use quotes only when necessary
+ * @param formatter the formatter to use, or <code>null</code>
+ * for the {@link #INSTANCE default}
+ *
+ * @return the formatted parameters
+ */
+ public static
+ String formatParameters(final NameValuePair[] nvps,
+ final boolean quote,
+ final HeaderValueFormatter formatter) {
+ return (formatter != null ? formatter : BasicHeaderValueFormatter.INSTANCE)
+ .formatParameters(null, nvps, quote).toString();
+ }
+
+
+ // non-javadoc, see interface HeaderValueFormatter
+ public CharArrayBuffer formatParameters(final CharArrayBuffer charBuffer,
+ final NameValuePair[] nvps,
+ final boolean quote) {
+ Args.notNull(nvps, "Header parameter array");
+ final int len = estimateParametersLen(nvps);
+ CharArrayBuffer buffer = charBuffer;
+ if (buffer == null) {
+ buffer = new CharArrayBuffer(len);
+ } else {
+ buffer.ensureCapacity(len);
+ }
+
+ for (int i = 0; i < nvps.length; i++) {
+ if (i > 0) {
+ buffer.append("; ");
+ }
+ formatNameValuePair(buffer, nvps[i], quote);
+ }
+
+ return buffer;
+ }
+
+
+ /**
+ * Estimates the length of formatted parameters.
+ *
+ * @param nvps the parameters to format, or <code>null</code>
+ *
+ * @return a length estimate, in number of characters
+ */
+ protected int estimateParametersLen(final NameValuePair[] nvps) {
+ if ((nvps == null) || (nvps.length < 1)) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ int result = (nvps.length-1) * 2; // "; " between the parameters
+ for (final NameValuePair nvp : nvps) {
+ result += estimateNameValuePairLen(nvp);
+ }
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a name-value pair.
+ *
+ * @param nvp the name-value pair to format
+ * @param quote <code>true</code> to always format with a quoted value,
+ * <code>false</code> to use quotes only when necessary
+ * @param formatter the formatter to use, or <code>null</code>
+ * for the {@link #INSTANCE default}
+ *
+ * @return the formatted name-value pair
+ */
+ public static
+ String formatNameValuePair(final NameValuePair nvp,
+ final boolean quote,
+ final HeaderValueFormatter formatter) {
+ return (formatter != null ? formatter : BasicHeaderValueFormatter.INSTANCE)
+ .formatNameValuePair(null, nvp, quote).toString();
+ }
+
+
+ // non-javadoc, see interface HeaderValueFormatter
+ public CharArrayBuffer formatNameValuePair(final CharArrayBuffer charBuffer,
+ final NameValuePair nvp,
+ final boolean quote) {
+ Args.notNull(nvp, "Name / value pair");
+ final int len = estimateNameValuePairLen(nvp);
+ CharArrayBuffer buffer = charBuffer;
+ if (buffer == null) {
+ buffer = new CharArrayBuffer(len);
+ } else {
+ buffer.ensureCapacity(len);
+ }
+
+ buffer.append(nvp.getName());
+ final String value = nvp.getValue();
+ if (value != null) {
+ buffer.append('=');
+ doFormatValue(buffer, value, quote);
+ }
+
+ return buffer;
+ }
+
+
+ /**
+ * Estimates the length of a formatted name-value pair.
+ *
+ * @param nvp the name-value pair to format, or <code>null</code>
+ *
+ * @return a length estimate, in number of characters
+ */
+ protected int estimateNameValuePairLen(final NameValuePair nvp) {
+ if (nvp == null) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ int result = nvp.getName().length(); // name
+ final String value = nvp.getValue();
+ if (value != null) {
+ // assume quotes, but no escaped characters
+ result += 3 + value.length(); // ="value"
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+
+ /**
+ * Actually formats the value of a name-value pair.
+ * This does not include a leading = character.
+ * Called from {@link #formatNameValuePair formatNameValuePair}.
+ *
+ * @param buffer the buffer to append to, never <code>null</code>
+ * @param value the value to append, never <code>null</code>
+ * @param quote <code>true</code> to always format with quotes,
+ * <code>false</code> to use quotes only when necessary
+ */
+ protected void doFormatValue(final CharArrayBuffer buffer,
+ final String value,
+ final boolean quote) {
+
+ boolean quoteFlag = quote;
+ if (!quoteFlag) {
+ for (int i = 0; (i < value.length()) && !quoteFlag; i++) {
+ quoteFlag = isSeparator(value.charAt(i));
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (quoteFlag) {
+ buffer.append('"');
+ }
+ for (int i = 0; i < value.length(); i++) {
+ final char ch = value.charAt(i);
+ if (isUnsafe(ch)) {
+ buffer.append('\\');
+ }
+ buffer.append(ch);
+ }
+ if (quoteFlag) {
+ buffer.append('"');
+ }
+ }
+
+
+ /**
+ * Checks whether a character is a {@link #SEPARATORS separator}.
+ *
+ * @param ch the character to check
+ *
+ * @return <code>true</code> if the character is a separator,
+ * <code>false</code> otherwise
+ */
+ protected boolean isSeparator(final char ch) {
+ return SEPARATORS.indexOf(ch) >= 0;
+ }
+
+
+ /**
+ * Checks whether a character is {@link #UNSAFE_CHARS unsafe}.
+ *
+ * @param ch the character to check
+ *
+ * @return <code>true</code> if the character is unsafe,
+ * <code>false</code> otherwise
+ */
+ protected boolean isUnsafe(final char ch) {
+ return UNSAFE_CHARS.indexOf(ch) >= 0;
+ }
+
+
+} // class BasicHeaderValueFormatter