Locale object represents a specific geographical, political,
* or cultural region. An operation that requires a Locale to perform
* its task is called locale-sensitive and uses the Locale
* to tailor information for the user. For example, displaying a number
* is a locale-sensitive operation--the number should be formatted
* according to the customs/conventions of the user's native country,
* region, or culture.
*
* The Locale class is not suitable for subclassing.
*
*
* You can create a Locale object using the constructor in
* this class:
* \htmlonly
\endhtmlonly *\endhtmlonly * The first argument to the constructors is a valid ISO * Language Code. These codes are the lower-case two-letter * codes as defined by ISO-639. * You can find a full list of these codes at: ** Locale( const char* language, * const char* country, * const char* variant); ** \htmlonly
* The second argument to the constructors is a valid ISO Country
* Code. These codes are the upper-case two-letter codes
* as defined by ISO-3166.
* You can find a full list of these codes at a number of sites, such as:
*
* http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html
*
*
* The third constructor requires a third argument--the Variant. * The Variant codes are vendor and browser-specific. * For example, use REVISED for a langauge's revised script orthography, and POSIX for POSIX. * Where there are two variants, separate them with an underscore, and * put the most important one first. For * example, a Traditional Spanish collation might be referenced, with * "ES", "ES", "Traditional_POSIX". * *
* Because a Locale object is just an identifier for a region,
* no validity check is performed when you construct a Locale.
* If you want to see whether particular resources are available for the
* Locale you construct, you must query those resources. For
* example, ask the NumberFormat for the locales it supports
* using its getAvailableLocales method.
*
Note: When you ask for a resource for a particular
* locale, you get back the best available match, not necessarily
* precisely what you asked for. For more information, look at
* ResourceBundle.
*
*
* The Locale class provides a number of convenient constants
* that you can use to create Locale objects for commonly used
* locales. For example, the following refers to a Locale object
* for the United States:
* \htmlonly
\endhtmlonly *\endhtmlonly * ** Locale::getUS() ** \htmlonly
* Once you've created a Locale you can query it for information about
* itself. Use getCountry to get the ISO Country Code and
* getLanguage to get the ISO Language Code. You can
* use getDisplayCountry to get the
* name of the country suitable for displaying to the user. Similarly,
* you can use getDisplayLanguage to get the name of
* the language suitable for displaying to the user. Interestingly,
* the getDisplayXXX methods are themselves locale-sensitive
* and have two versions: one that uses the default locale and one
* that takes a locale as an argument and displays the name or country in
* a language appropriate to that locale.
*
*
* ICU provides a number of classes that perform locale-sensitive
* operations. For example, the NumberFormat class formats
* numbers, currency, or percentages in a locale-sensitive manner. Classes
* such as NumberFormat have a number of convenience methods
* for creating a default object of that type. For example, the
* NumberFormat class provides these three convenience methods
* for creating a default NumberFormat object:
* \htmlonly
\endhtmlonly *\endhtmlonly * Each of these methods has two variants; one with an explicit locale * and one without; the latter using the default locale. * \htmlonly* UErrorCode success = U_ZERO_ERROR; * Locale myLocale; * NumberFormat *nf; * * nf = NumberFormat::createInstance( success ); delete nf; * nf = NumberFormat::createCurrencyInstance( success ); delete nf; * nf = NumberFormat::createPercentInstance( success ); delete nf; ** \htmlonly
\endhtmlonly *\endhtmlonly * A* nf = NumberFormat::createInstance( myLocale, success ); delete nf; * nf = NumberFormat::createCurrencyInstance( myLocale, success ); delete nf; * nf = NumberFormat::createPercentInstance( myLocale, success ); delete nf; ** \htmlonly
Locale is the mechanism for identifying the kind of object
* (NumberFormat) that you would like to get. The locale is
* just a mechanism for identifying objects,
* not a container for the objects themselves.
*
* * Each class that performs locale-sensitive operations allows you * to get all the available objects of that type. You can sift * through these objects by language, country, or variant, * and use the display names to present a menu to the user. * For example, you can create a menu of all the collation objects * suitable for a given language. Such classes implement these * three class methods: * \htmlonly
\endhtmlonly *\endhtmlonly * * @stable ICU 2.0 * @see ResourceBundle */ class U_COMMON_API Locale : public UObject { public: /** Useful constant for the Root locale. @stable ICU 4.4 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getRoot(void); /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getEnglish(void); /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getFrench(void); /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getGerman(void); /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getItalian(void); /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getJapanese(void); /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getKorean(void); /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getChinese(void); /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getSimplifiedChinese(void); /** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getTraditionalChinese(void); /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getFrance(void); /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getGermany(void); /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getItaly(void); /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getJapan(void); /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getKorea(void); /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getChina(void); /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getPRC(void); /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getTaiwan(void); /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getUK(void); /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getUS(void); /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getCanada(void); /** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale &U_EXPORT2 getCanadaFrench(void); /** * Construct a default locale object, a Locale for the default locale ID. * * @see getDefault * @see uloc_getDefault * @stable ICU 2.0 */ Locale(); /** * Construct a locale from language, country, variant. * If an error occurs, then the constructed object will be "bogus" * (isBogus() will return TRUE). * * @param language Lowercase two-letter or three-letter ISO-639 code. * This parameter can instead be an ICU style C locale (e.g. "en_US"), * but the other parameters must not be used. * This parameter can be NULL; if so, * the locale is initialized to match the current default locale. * (This is the same as using the default constructor.) * Please note: The Java Locale class does NOT accept the form * 'new Locale("en_US")' but only 'new Locale("en","US")' * * @param country Uppercase two-letter ISO-3166 code. (optional) * @param variant Uppercase vendor and browser specific code. See class * description. (optional) * @param keywordsAndValues A string consisting of keyword/values pairs, such as * "collation=phonebook;currency=euro" * * @see getDefault * @see uloc_getDefault * @stable ICU 2.0 */ Locale( const char * language, const char * country = 0, const char * variant = 0, const char * keywordsAndValues = 0); /** * Initializes a Locale object from another Locale object. * * @param other The Locale object being copied in. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ Locale(const Locale& other); /** * Destructor * @stable ICU 2.0 */ virtual ~Locale() ; /** * Replaces the entire contents of *this with the specified value. * * @param other The Locale object being copied in. * @return *this * @stable ICU 2.0 */ Locale& operator=(const Locale& other); /** * Checks if two locale keys are the same. * * @param other The locale key object to be compared with this. * @return True if the two locale keys are the same, false otherwise. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ UBool operator==(const Locale& other) const; /** * Checks if two locale keys are not the same. * * @param other The locale key object to be compared with this. * @return True if the two locale keys are not the same, false * otherwise. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ UBool operator!=(const Locale& other) const; /** * Clone this object. * Clones can be used concurrently in multiple threads. * If an error occurs, then NULL is returned. * The caller must delete the clone. * * @return a clone of this object * * @see getDynamicClassID * @stable ICU 2.8 */ Locale *clone() const; #ifndef U_HIDE_SYSTEM_API /** * Common methods of getting the current default Locale. Used for the * presentation: menus, dialogs, etc. Generally set once when your applet or * application is initialized, then never reset. (If you do reset the * default locale, you probably want to reload your GUI, so that the change * is reflected in your interface.) * * More advanced programs will allow users to use different locales for * different fields, e.g. in a spreadsheet. * * Note that the initial setting will match the host system. * @return a reference to the Locale object for the default locale ID * @system * @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale& U_EXPORT2 getDefault(void); /** * Sets the default. Normally set once at the beginning of a process, * then never reset. * setDefault() only changes ICU's default locale ID, not * the default locale ID of the runtime environment. * * @param newLocale Locale to set to. If NULL, set to the value obtained * from the runtime environement. * @param success The error code. * @system * @stable ICU 2.0 */ static void U_EXPORT2 setDefault(const Locale& newLocale, UErrorCode& success); #endif /* U_HIDE_SYSTEM_API */ /** * Creates a locale which has had minimal canonicalization * as per uloc_getName(). * @param name The name to create from. If name is null, * the default Locale is used. * @return new locale object * @stable ICU 2.0 * @see uloc_getName */ static Locale U_EXPORT2 createFromName(const char *name); /** * Creates a locale from the given string after canonicalizing * the string by calling uloc_canonicalize(). * @param name the locale ID to create from. Must not be NULL. * @return a new locale object corresponding to the given name * @stable ICU 3.0 * @see uloc_canonicalize */ static Locale U_EXPORT2 createCanonical(const char* name); /** * Returns the locale's ISO-639 language code. * @return An alias to the code * @stable ICU 2.0 */ inline const char * getLanguage( ) const; /** * Returns the locale's ISO-15924 abbreviation script code. * @return An alias to the code * @see uscript_getShortName * @see uscript_getCode * @stable ICU 2.8 */ inline const char * getScript( ) const; /** * Returns the locale's ISO-3166 country code. * @return An alias to the code * @stable ICU 2.0 */ inline const char * getCountry( ) const; /** * Returns the locale's variant code. * @return An alias to the code * @stable ICU 2.0 */ inline const char * getVariant( ) const; /** * Returns the programmatic name of the entire locale, with the language, * country and variant separated by underbars. If a field is missing, up * to two leading underbars will occur. Example: "en", "de_DE", "en_US_WIN", * "de__POSIX", "fr__MAC", "__MAC", "_MT", "_FR_EURO" * @return A pointer to "name". * @stable ICU 2.0 */ inline const char * getName() const; /** * Returns the programmatic name of the entire locale as getName() would return, * but without keywords. * @return A pointer to "name". * @see getName * @stable ICU 2.8 */ const char * getBaseName() const; /** * Gets the list of keywords for the specified locale. * * @param status the status code * @return pointer to StringEnumeration class, or NULL if there are no keywords. * Client must dispose of it by calling delete. * @stable ICU 2.8 */ StringEnumeration * createKeywords(UErrorCode &status) const; /** * Gets the value for a keyword. * * @param keywordName name of the keyword for which we want the value. Case insensitive. * @param buffer The buffer to receive the keyword value. * @param bufferCapacity The capacity of receiving buffer * @param status Returns any error information while performing this operation. * @return the length of the keyword value * * @stable ICU 2.8 */ int32_t getKeywordValue(const char* keywordName, char *buffer, int32_t bufferCapacity, UErrorCode &status) const; /** * Sets or removes the value for a keyword. * * For removing all keywords, use getBaseName(), * and construct a new Locale if it differs from getName(). * * @param keywordName name of the keyword to be set. Case insensitive. * @param keywordValue value of the keyword to be set. If 0-length or * NULL, will result in the keyword being removed. No error is given if * that keyword does not exist. * @param status Returns any error information while performing this operation. * * @stable ICU 49 */ void setKeywordValue(const char* keywordName, const char* keywordValue, UErrorCode &status); /** * returns the locale's three-letter language code, as specified * in ISO draft standard ISO-639-2. * @return An alias to the code, or an empty string * @stable ICU 2.0 */ const char * getISO3Language() const; /** * Fills in "name" with the locale's three-letter ISO-3166 country code. * @return An alias to the code, or an empty string * @stable ICU 2.0 */ const char * getISO3Country() const; /** * Returns the Windows LCID value corresponding to this locale. * This value is stored in the resource data for the locale as a one-to-four-digit * hexadecimal number. If the resource is missing, in the wrong format, or * there is no Windows LCID value that corresponds to this locale, returns 0. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ uint32_t getLCID(void) const; /** * Returns whether this locale's script is written right-to-left. * If there is no script subtag, then the likely script is used, see uloc_addLikelySubtags(). * If no likely script is known, then FALSE is returned. * * A script is right-to-left according to the CLDR script metadata * which corresponds to whether the script's letters have Bidi_Class=R or AL. * * Returns TRUE for "ar" and "en-Hebr", FALSE for "zh" and "fa-Cyrl". * * @return TRUE if the locale's script is written right-to-left * @stable ICU 54 */ UBool isRightToLeft() const; /** * Fills in "dispLang" with the name of this locale's language in a format suitable for * user display in the default locale. For example, if the locale's language code is * "fr" and the default locale's language code is "en", this function would set * dispLang to "French". * @param dispLang Receives the language's display name. * @return A reference to "dispLang". * @stable ICU 2.0 */ UnicodeString& getDisplayLanguage(UnicodeString& dispLang) const; /** * Fills in "dispLang" with the name of this locale's language in a format suitable for * user display in the locale specified by "displayLocale". For example, if the locale's * language code is "en" and displayLocale's language code is "fr", this function would set * dispLang to "Anglais". * @param displayLocale Specifies the locale to be used to display the name. In other words, * if the locale's language code is "en", passing Locale::getFrench() for * displayLocale would result in "Anglais", while passing Locale::getGerman() * for displayLocale would result in "Englisch". * @param dispLang Receives the language's display name. * @return A reference to "dispLang". * @stable ICU 2.0 */ UnicodeString& getDisplayLanguage( const Locale& displayLocale, UnicodeString& dispLang) const; /** * Fills in "dispScript" with the name of this locale's script in a format suitable * for user display in the default locale. For example, if the locale's script code * is "LATN" and the default locale's language code is "en", this function would set * dispScript to "Latin". * @param dispScript Receives the scripts's display name. * @return A reference to "dispScript". * @stable ICU 2.8 */ UnicodeString& getDisplayScript( UnicodeString& dispScript) const; /** * Fills in "dispScript" with the name of this locale's country in a format suitable * for user display in the locale specified by "displayLocale". For example, if the locale's * script code is "LATN" and displayLocale's language code is "en", this function would set * dispScript to "Latin". * @param displayLocale Specifies the locale to be used to display the name. In other * words, if the locale's script code is "LATN", passing * Locale::getFrench() for displayLocale would result in "", while * passing Locale::getGerman() for displayLocale would result in * "". * @param dispScript Receives the scripts's display name. * @return A reference to "dispScript". * @stable ICU 2.8 */ UnicodeString& getDisplayScript( const Locale& displayLocale, UnicodeString& dispScript) const; /** * Fills in "dispCountry" with the name of this locale's country in a format suitable * for user display in the default locale. For example, if the locale's country code * is "FR" and the default locale's language code is "en", this function would set * dispCountry to "France". * @param dispCountry Receives the country's display name. * @return A reference to "dispCountry". * @stable ICU 2.0 */ UnicodeString& getDisplayCountry( UnicodeString& dispCountry) const; /** * Fills in "dispCountry" with the name of this locale's country in a format suitable * for user display in the locale specified by "displayLocale". For example, if the locale's * country code is "US" and displayLocale's language code is "fr", this function would set * dispCountry to "États-Unis". * @param displayLocale Specifies the locale to be used to display the name. In other * words, if the locale's country code is "US", passing * Locale::getFrench() for displayLocale would result in "États-Unis", while * passing Locale::getGerman() for displayLocale would result in * "Vereinigte Staaten". * @param dispCountry Receives the country's display name. * @return A reference to "dispCountry". * @stable ICU 2.0 */ UnicodeString& getDisplayCountry( const Locale& displayLocale, UnicodeString& dispCountry) const; /** * Fills in "dispVar" with the name of this locale's variant code in a format suitable * for user display in the default locale. * @param dispVar Receives the variant's name. * @return A reference to "dispVar". * @stable ICU 2.0 */ UnicodeString& getDisplayVariant( UnicodeString& dispVar) const; /** * Fills in "dispVar" with the name of this locale's variant code in a format * suitable for user display in the locale specified by "displayLocale". * @param displayLocale Specifies the locale to be used to display the name. * @param dispVar Receives the variant's display name. * @return A reference to "dispVar". * @stable ICU 2.0 */ UnicodeString& getDisplayVariant( const Locale& displayLocale, UnicodeString& dispVar) const; /** * Fills in "name" with the name of this locale in a format suitable for user display * in the default locale. This function uses getDisplayLanguage(), getDisplayCountry(), * and getDisplayVariant() to do its work, and outputs the display name in the format * "language (country[,variant])". For example, if the default locale is en_US, then * fr_FR's display name would be "French (France)", and es_MX_Traditional's display name * would be "Spanish (Mexico,Traditional)". * @param name Receives the locale's display name. * @return A reference to "name". * @stable ICU 2.0 */ UnicodeString& getDisplayName( UnicodeString& name) const; /** * Fills in "name" with the name of this locale in a format suitable for user display * in the locale specfied by "displayLocale". This function uses getDisplayLanguage(), * getDisplayCountry(), and getDisplayVariant() to do its work, and outputs the display * name in the format "language (country[,variant])". For example, if displayLocale is * fr_FR, then en_US's display name would be "Anglais (États-Unis)", and no_NO_NY's * display name would be "norvégien (Norvège,NY)". * @param displayLocale Specifies the locale to be used to display the name. * @param name Receives the locale's display name. * @return A reference to "name". * @stable ICU 2.0 */ UnicodeString& getDisplayName( const Locale& displayLocale, UnicodeString& name) const; /** * Generates a hash code for the locale. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ int32_t hashCode(void) const; /** * Sets the locale to bogus * A bogus locale represents a non-existing locale associated * with services that can be instantiated from non-locale data * in addition to locale (for example, collation can be * instantiated from a locale and from a rule set). * @stable ICU 2.1 */ void setToBogus(); /** * Gets the bogus state. Locale object can be bogus if it doesn't exist * @return FALSE if it is a real locale, TRUE if it is a bogus locale * @stable ICU 2.1 */ UBool isBogus(void) const; /** * Returns a list of all installed locales. * @param count Receives the number of locales in the list. * @return A pointer to an array of Locale objects. This array is the list * of all locales with installed resource files. The called does NOT * get ownership of this list, and must NOT delete it. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale* U_EXPORT2 getAvailableLocales(int32_t& count); /** * Gets a list of all available 2-letter country codes defined in ISO 3166. This is a * pointer to an array of pointers to arrays of char. All of these pointers are * owned by ICU-- do not delete them, and do not write through them. The array is * terminated with a null pointer. * @return a list of all available country codes * @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const char* const* U_EXPORT2 getISOCountries(); /** * Gets a list of all available language codes defined in ISO 639. This is a pointer * to an array of pointers to arrays of char. All of these pointers are owned * by ICU-- do not delete them, and do not write through them. The array is * terminated with a null pointer. * @return a list of all available language codes * @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const char* const* U_EXPORT2 getISOLanguages(); /** * ICU "poor man's RTTI", returns a UClassID for this class. * * @stable ICU 2.2 */ static UClassID U_EXPORT2 getStaticClassID(); /** * ICU "poor man's RTTI", returns a UClassID for the actual class. * * @stable ICU 2.2 */ virtual UClassID getDynamicClassID() const; protected: /* only protected for testing purposes. DO NOT USE. */ #ifndef U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API /** * Set this from a single POSIX style locale string. * @internal */ void setFromPOSIXID(const char *posixID); #endif /* U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API */ private: /** * Initialize the locale object with a new name. * Was deprecated - used in implementation - moved internal * * @param cLocaleID The new locale name. * @param canonicalize whether to call uloc_canonicalize on cLocaleID */ Locale& init(const char* cLocaleID, UBool canonicalize); /* * Internal constructor to allow construction of a locale object with * NO side effects. (Default constructor tries to get * the default locale.) */ enum ELocaleType { eBOGUS }; Locale(ELocaleType); /** * Initialize the locale cache for commonly used locales */ static Locale *getLocaleCache(void); char language[ULOC_LANG_CAPACITY]; char script[ULOC_SCRIPT_CAPACITY]; char country[ULOC_COUNTRY_CAPACITY]; int32_t variantBegin; char* fullName; char fullNameBuffer[ULOC_FULLNAME_CAPACITY]; // name without keywords char* baseName; void initBaseName(UErrorCode& status); UBool fIsBogus; static const Locale &getLocale(int locid); /** * A friend to allow the default locale to be set by either the C or C++ API. * @internal */ friend Locale *locale_set_default_internal(const char *, UErrorCode& status); /** * @internal */ friend void U_CALLCONV locale_available_init(); }; inline UBool Locale::operator!=(const Locale& other) const { return !operator==(other); } inline const char * Locale::getCountry() const { return country; } inline const char * Locale::getLanguage() const { return language; } inline const char * Locale::getScript() const { return script; } inline const char * Locale::getVariant() const { return &baseName[variantBegin]; } inline const char * Locale::getName() const { return fullName; } inline UBool Locale::isBogus(void) const { return fIsBogus; } U_NAMESPACE_END #endif* static Locale* getAvailableLocales(int32_t& numLocales) * static UnicodeString& getDisplayName(const Locale& objectLocale, * const Locale& displayLocale, * UnicodeString& displayName) * static UnicodeString& getDisplayName(const Locale& objectLocale, * UnicodeString& displayName) ** \htmlonly