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-// -*- mode: C++ -*-
-
-// Copyright (c) 2010, Google Inc.
-// All rights reserved.
-//
-// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-// met:
-//
-// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-// distribution.
-// * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-// this software without specific prior written permission.
-//
-// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-// Original author: Jim Blandy <jimb@mozilla.com> <jimb@red-bean.com>
-
-// macho_reader.h: A class for parsing Mach-O files.
-
-#ifndef BREAKPAD_COMMON_MAC_MACHO_READER_H_
-#define BREAKPAD_COMMON_MAC_MACHO_READER_H_
-
-#include <mach-o/loader.h>
-#include <mach-o/fat.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-#include <map>
-#include <string>
-#include <vector>
-
-#include "common/byte_cursor.h"
-#include "common/mac/super_fat_arch.h"
-
-namespace google_breakpad {
-namespace mach_o {
-
-using std::map;
-using std::string;
-using std::vector;
-
-// The Mac headers don't specify particular types for these groups of
-// constants, but defining them here provides some documentation
-// value. We also give them the same width as the fields in which
-// they appear, which makes them a bit easier to use with ByteCursors.
-typedef uint32_t Magic;
-typedef uint32_t FileType;
-typedef uint32_t FileFlags;
-typedef uint32_t LoadCommandType;
-typedef uint32_t SegmentFlags;
-typedef uint32_t SectionFlags;
-
-// A parser for fat binary files, used to store universal binaries.
-// When applied to a (non-fat) Mach-O file, this behaves as if the
-// file were a fat file containing a single object file.
-class FatReader {
- public:
-
- // A class for reporting errors found while parsing fat binary files. The
- // default definitions of these methods print messages to stderr.
- class Reporter {
- public:
- // Create a reporter that attributes problems to |filename|.
- explicit Reporter(const string &filename) : filename_(filename) { }
-
- virtual ~Reporter() { }
-
- // The data does not begin with a fat binary or Mach-O magic number.
- // This is a fatal error.
- virtual void BadHeader();
-
- // The Mach-O fat binary file ends abruptly, without enough space
- // to contain an object file it claims is present.
- virtual void MisplacedObjectFile();
-
- // The file ends abruptly: either it is not large enough to hold a
- // complete header, or the header implies that contents are present
- // beyond the actual end of the file.
- virtual void TooShort();
-
- private:
- // The filename to which the reader should attribute problems.
- string filename_;
- };
-
- // Create a fat binary file reader that uses |reporter| to report problems.
- explicit FatReader(Reporter *reporter) : reporter_(reporter) { }
-
- // Read the |size| bytes at |buffer| as a fat binary file. On success,
- // return true; on failure, report the problem to reporter_ and return
- // false.
- //
- // If the data is a plain Mach-O file, rather than a fat binary file,
- // then the reader behaves as if it had found a fat binary file whose
- // single object file is the Mach-O file.
- bool Read(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t size);
-
- // Return an array of 'SuperFatArch' structures describing the
- // object files present in this fat binary file. Set |size| to the
- // number of elements in the array.
- //
- // Assuming Read returned true, the entries are validated: it is safe to
- // assume that the offsets and sizes in each SuperFatArch refer to subranges
- // of the bytes passed to Read.
- //
- // If there are no object files in this fat binary, then this
- // function can return NULL.
- //
- // The array is owned by this FatReader instance; it will be freed when
- // this FatReader is destroyed.
- //
- // This function returns a C-style array instead of a vector to make it
- // possible to use the result with OS X functions like NXFindBestFatArch,
- // so that the symbol dumper will behave consistently with other OS X
- // utilities that work with fat binaries.
- const SuperFatArch* object_files(size_t *count) const {
- *count = object_files_.size();
- if (object_files_.size() > 0)
- return &object_files_[0];
- return NULL;
- }
-
- private:
- // We use this to report problems parsing the file's contents. (WEAK)
- Reporter *reporter_;
-
- // The contents of the fat binary or Mach-O file we're parsing. We do not
- // own the storage it refers to.
- ByteBuffer buffer_;
-
- // The magic number of this binary, in host byte order.
- Magic magic_;
-
- // The list of object files in this binary.
- // object_files_.size() == fat_header.nfat_arch
- vector<SuperFatArch> object_files_;
-};
-
-// A segment in a Mach-O file. All these fields have been byte-swapped as
-// appropriate for use by the executing architecture.
-struct Segment {
- // The ByteBuffers below point into the bytes passed to the Reader that
- // created this Segment.
-
- ByteBuffer section_list; // This segment's section list.
- ByteBuffer contents; // This segment's contents.
-
- // This segment's name.
- string name;
-
- // The address at which this segment should be loaded in memory. If
- // bits_64 is false, only the bottom 32 bits of this value are valid.
- uint64_t vmaddr;
-
- // The size of this segment when loaded into memory. This may be larger
- // than contents.Size(), in which case the extra area will be
- // initialized with zeros. If bits_64 is false, only the bottom 32 bits
- // of this value are valid.
- uint64_t vmsize;
-
- // The maximum and initial VM protection of this segment's contents.
- uint32_t maxprot;
- uint32_t initprot;
-
- // The number of sections in section_list.
- uint32_t nsects;
-
- // Flags describing this segment, from SegmentFlags.
- uint32_t flags;
-
- // True if this is a 64-bit section; false if it is a 32-bit section.
- bool bits_64;
-};
-
-// A section in a Mach-O file. All these fields have been byte-swapped as
-// appropriate for use by the executing architecture.
-struct Section {
- // This section's contents. This points into the bytes passed to the
- // Reader that created this Section.
- ByteBuffer contents;
-
- // This section's name.
- string section_name; // section[_64].sectname
- // The name of the segment this section belongs to.
- string segment_name; // section[_64].segname
-
- // The address at which this section's contents should be loaded in
- // memory. If bits_64 is false, only the bottom 32 bits of this value
- // are valid.
- uint64_t address;
-
- // The contents of this section should be loaded into memory at an
- // address which is a multiple of (two raised to this power).
- uint32_t align;
-
- // Flags from SectionFlags describing the section's contents.
- uint32_t flags;
-
- // We don't support reading relocations yet.
-
- // True if this is a 64-bit section; false if it is a 32-bit section.
- bool bits_64;
-};
-
-// A map from section names to Sections.
-typedef map<string, Section> SectionMap;
-
-// A reader for a Mach-O file.
-//
-// This does not handle fat binaries; see FatReader above. FatReader
-// provides a friendly interface for parsing data that could be either a
-// fat binary or a Mach-O file.
-class Reader {
- public:
-
- // A class for reporting errors found while parsing Mach-O files. The
- // default definitions of these member functions print messages to
- // stderr.
- class Reporter {
- public:
- // Create a reporter that attributes problems to |filename|.
- explicit Reporter(const string &filename) : filename_(filename) { }
- virtual ~Reporter() { }
-
- // Reporter functions for fatal errors return void; the reader will
- // definitely return an error to its caller after calling them
-
- // The data does not begin with a Mach-O magic number, or the magic
- // number does not match the expected value for the cpu architecture.
- // This is a fatal error.
- virtual void BadHeader();
-
- // The data contained in a Mach-O fat binary (|cpu_type|, |cpu_subtype|)
- // does not match the expected CPU architecture
- // (|expected_cpu_type|, |expected_cpu_subtype|).
- virtual void CPUTypeMismatch(cpu_type_t cpu_type,
- cpu_subtype_t cpu_subtype,
- cpu_type_t expected_cpu_type,
- cpu_subtype_t expected_cpu_subtype);
-
- // The file ends abruptly: either it is not large enough to hold a
- // complete header, or the header implies that contents are present
- // beyond the actual end of the file.
- virtual void HeaderTruncated();
-
- // The file's load command region, as given in the Mach-O header, is
- // too large for the file.
- virtual void LoadCommandRegionTruncated();
-
- // The file's Mach-O header claims the file contains |claimed| load
- // commands, but the I'th load command, of type |type|, extends beyond
- // the end of the load command region, as given by the Mach-O header.
- // If |type| is zero, the command's type was unreadable.
- virtual void LoadCommandsOverrun(size_t claimed, size_t i,
- LoadCommandType type);
-
- // The contents of the |i|'th load command, of type |type|, extend beyond
- // the size given in the load command's header.
- virtual void LoadCommandTooShort(size_t i, LoadCommandType type);
-
- // The LC_SEGMENT or LC_SEGMENT_64 load command for the segment named
- // |name| is too short to hold the sections that its header says it does.
- // (This more specific than LoadCommandTooShort.)
- virtual void SectionsMissing(const string &name);
-
- // The segment named |name| claims that its contents lie beyond the end
- // of the file.
- virtual void MisplacedSegmentData(const string &name);
-
- // The section named |section| in the segment named |segment| claims that
- // its contents do not lie entirely within the segment.
- virtual void MisplacedSectionData(const string &section,
- const string &segment);
-
- // The LC_SYMTAB command claims that symbol table contents are located
- // beyond the end of the file.
- virtual void MisplacedSymbolTable();
-
- // An attempt was made to read a Mach-O file of the unsupported
- // CPU architecture |cpu_type|.
- virtual void UnsupportedCPUType(cpu_type_t cpu_type);
-
- private:
- string filename_;
- };
-
- // A handler for sections parsed from a segment. The WalkSegmentSections
- // member function accepts an instance of this class, and applies it to
- // each section defined in a given segment.
- class SectionHandler {
- public:
- virtual ~SectionHandler() { }
-
- // Called to report that the segment's section list contains |section|.
- // This should return true if the iteration should continue, or false
- // if it should stop.
- virtual bool HandleSection(const Section &section) = 0;
- };
-
- // A handler for the load commands in a Mach-O file.
- class LoadCommandHandler {
- public:
- LoadCommandHandler() { }
- virtual ~LoadCommandHandler() { }
-
- // When called from WalkLoadCommands, the following handler functions
- // should return true if they wish to continue iterating over the load
- // command list, or false if they wish to stop iterating.
- //
- // When called from LoadCommandIterator::Handle or Reader::Handle,
- // these functions' return values are simply passed through to Handle's
- // caller.
- //
- // The definitions provided by this base class simply return true; the
- // default is to silently ignore sections whose member functions the
- // subclass doesn't override.
-
- // COMMAND is load command we don't recognize. We provide only the
- // command type and a ByteBuffer enclosing the command's data (If we
- // cannot parse the command type or its size, we call
- // reporter_->IncompleteLoadCommand instead.)
- virtual bool UnknownCommand(LoadCommandType type,
- const ByteBuffer &contents) {
- return true;
- }
-
- // The load command is LC_SEGMENT or LC_SEGMENT_64, defining a segment
- // with the properties given in |segment|.
- virtual bool SegmentCommand(const Segment &segment) {
- return true;
- }
-
- // The load command is LC_SYMTAB. |entries| holds the array of nlist
- // entries, and |names| holds the strings the entries refer to.
- virtual bool SymtabCommand(const ByteBuffer &entries,
- const ByteBuffer &names) {
- return true;
- }
-
- // Add handler functions for more load commands here as needed.
- };
-
- // Create a Mach-O file reader that reports problems to |reporter|.
- explicit Reader(Reporter *reporter)
- : reporter_(reporter) { }
-
- // Read the given data as a Mach-O file. The reader retains pointers
- // into the data passed, so the data should live as long as the reader
- // does. On success, return true; on failure, return false.
- //
- // At most one of these functions should be invoked once on each Reader
- // instance.
- bool Read(const uint8_t *buffer,
- size_t size,
- cpu_type_t expected_cpu_type,
- cpu_subtype_t expected_cpu_subtype);
- bool Read(const ByteBuffer &buffer,
- cpu_type_t expected_cpu_type,
- cpu_subtype_t expected_cpu_subtype) {
- return Read(buffer.start,
- buffer.Size(),
- expected_cpu_type,
- expected_cpu_subtype);
- }
-
- // Return this file's characteristics, as found in the Mach-O header.
- cpu_type_t cpu_type() const { return cpu_type_; }
- cpu_subtype_t cpu_subtype() const { return cpu_subtype_; }
- FileType file_type() const { return file_type_; }
- FileFlags flags() const { return flags_; }
-
- // Return true if this is a 64-bit Mach-O file, false if it is a 32-bit
- // Mach-O file.
- bool bits_64() const { return bits_64_; }
-
- // Return true if this is a big-endian Mach-O file, false if it is
- // little-endian.
- bool big_endian() const { return big_endian_; }
-
- // Apply |handler| to each load command in this Mach-O file, stopping when
- // a handler function returns false. If we encounter a malformed load
- // command, report it via reporter_ and return false. Return true if all
- // load commands were parseable and all handlers returned true.
- bool WalkLoadCommands(LoadCommandHandler *handler) const;
-
- // Set |segment| to describe the segment named |name|, if present. If
- // found, |segment|'s byte buffers refer to a subregion of the bytes
- // passed to Read. If we find the section, return true; otherwise,
- // return false.
- bool FindSegment(const string &name, Segment *segment) const;
-
- // Apply |handler| to each section defined in |segment|. If |handler| returns
- // false, stop iterating and return false. If all calls to |handler| return
- // true and we reach the end of the section list, return true.
- bool WalkSegmentSections(const Segment &segment, SectionHandler *handler)
- const;
-
- // Clear |section_map| and then populate it with a map of the sections
- // in |segment|, from section names to Section structures.
- // Each Section's contents refer to bytes in |segment|'s contents.
- // On success, return true; if a problem occurs, report it and return false.
- bool MapSegmentSections(const Segment &segment, SectionMap *section_map)
- const;
-
- private:
- // Used internally.
- class SegmentFinder;
- class SectionMapper;
-
- // We use this to report problems parsing the file's contents. (WEAK)
- Reporter *reporter_;
-
- // The contents of the Mach-O file we're parsing. We do not own the
- // storage it refers to.
- ByteBuffer buffer_;
-
- // True if this file is big-endian.
- bool big_endian_;
-
- // True if this file is a 64-bit Mach-O file.
- bool bits_64_;
-
- // This file's cpu type and subtype.
- cpu_type_t cpu_type_; // mach_header[_64].cputype
- cpu_subtype_t cpu_subtype_; // mach_header[_64].cpusubtype
-
- // This file's type.
- FileType file_type_; // mach_header[_64].filetype
-
- // The region of buffer_ occupied by load commands.
- ByteBuffer load_commands_;
-
- // The number of load commands in load_commands_.
- uint32_t load_command_count_; // mach_header[_64].ncmds
-
- // This file's header flags.
- FileFlags flags_;
-};
-
-} // namespace mach_o
-} // namespace google_breakpad
-
-#endif // BREAKPAD_COMMON_MAC_MACHO_READER_H_