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+// Copyright (C) 2016 and later: Unicode, Inc. and others.
+// License & terms of use: http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html
+/*
+* Copyright (C) 2007-2013, International Business Machines Corporation and
+* others. All Rights Reserved.
+********************************************************************************
+*
+* File MSGFMT.H
+*
+* Modification History:
+*
+* Date Name Description
+* 02/19/97 aliu Converted from java.
+* 03/20/97 helena Finished first cut of implementation.
+* 07/22/98 stephen Removed operator!= (defined in Format)
+* 08/19/2002 srl Removing Javaisms
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+#ifndef MSGFMT_H
+#define MSGFMT_H
+
+#include "unicode/utypes.h"
+
+/**
+ * \file
+ * \brief C++ API: Formats messages in a language-neutral way.
+ */
+
+#if !UCONFIG_NO_FORMATTING
+
+#include "unicode/format.h"
+#include "unicode/locid.h"
+#include "unicode/messagepattern.h"
+#include "unicode/parseerr.h"
+#include "unicode/plurfmt.h"
+#include "unicode/plurrule.h"
+
+U_CDECL_BEGIN
+// Forward declaration.
+struct UHashtable;
+typedef struct UHashtable UHashtable; /**< @internal */
+U_CDECL_END
+
+U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+
+class AppendableWrapper;
+class DateFormat;
+class NumberFormat;
+
+/**
+ * <p>MessageFormat prepares strings for display to users,
+ * with optional arguments (variables/placeholders).
+ * The arguments can occur in any order, which is necessary for translation
+ * into languages with different grammars.
+ *
+ * <p>A MessageFormat is constructed from a <em>pattern</em> string
+ * with arguments in {curly braces} which will be replaced by formatted values.
+ *
+ * <p><code>MessageFormat</code> differs from the other <code>Format</code>
+ * classes in that you create a <code>MessageFormat</code> object with one
+ * of its constructors (not with a <code>createInstance</code> style factory
+ * method). Factory methods aren't necessary because <code>MessageFormat</code>
+ * itself doesn't implement locale-specific behavior. Any locale-specific
+ * behavior is defined by the pattern that you provide and the
+ * subformats used for inserted arguments.
+ *
+ * <p>Arguments can be named (using identifiers) or numbered (using small ASCII-digit integers).
+ * Some of the API methods work only with argument numbers and throw an exception
+ * if the pattern has named arguments (see {@link #usesNamedArguments()}).
+ *
+ * <p>An argument might not specify any format type. In this case,
+ * a Number value is formatted with a default (for the locale) NumberFormat,
+ * a Date value is formatted with a default (for the locale) DateFormat,
+ * and for any other value its toString() value is used.
+ *
+ * <p>An argument might specify a "simple" type for which the specified
+ * Format object is created, cached and used.
+ *
+ * <p>An argument might have a "complex" type with nested MessageFormat sub-patterns.
+ * During formatting, one of these sub-messages is selected according to the argument value
+ * and recursively formatted.
+ *
+ * <p>After construction, a custom Format object can be set for
+ * a top-level argument, overriding the default formatting and parsing behavior
+ * for that argument.
+ * However, custom formatting can be achieved more simply by writing
+ * a typeless argument in the pattern string
+ * and supplying it with a preformatted string value.
+ *
+ * <p>When formatting, MessageFormat takes a collection of argument values
+ * and writes an output string.
+ * The argument values may be passed as an array
+ * (when the pattern contains only numbered arguments)
+ * or as an array of names and and an array of arguments (which works for both named
+ * and numbered arguments).
+ *
+ * <p>Each argument is matched with one of the input values by array index or argument name
+ * and formatted according to its pattern specification
+ * (or using a custom Format object if one was set).
+ * A numbered pattern argument is matched with an argument name that contains that number
+ * as an ASCII-decimal-digit string (without leading zero).
+ *
+ * <h4><a name="patterns">Patterns and Their Interpretation</a></h4>
+ *
+ * <code>MessageFormat</code> uses patterns of the following form:
+ * <pre>
+ * message = messageText (argument messageText)*
+ * argument = noneArg | simpleArg | complexArg
+ * complexArg = choiceArg | pluralArg | selectArg | selectordinalArg
+ *
+ * noneArg = '{' argNameOrNumber '}'
+ * simpleArg = '{' argNameOrNumber ',' argType [',' argStyle] '}'
+ * choiceArg = '{' argNameOrNumber ',' "choice" ',' choiceStyle '}'
+ * pluralArg = '{' argNameOrNumber ',' "plural" ',' pluralStyle '}'
+ * selectArg = '{' argNameOrNumber ',' "select" ',' selectStyle '}'
+ * selectordinalArg = '{' argNameOrNumber ',' "selectordinal" ',' pluralStyle '}'
+ *
+ * choiceStyle: see {@link ChoiceFormat}
+ * pluralStyle: see {@link PluralFormat}
+ * selectStyle: see {@link SelectFormat}
+ *
+ * argNameOrNumber = argName | argNumber
+ * argName = [^[[:Pattern_Syntax:][:Pattern_White_Space:]]]+
+ * argNumber = '0' | ('1'..'9' ('0'..'9')*)
+ *
+ * argType = "number" | "date" | "time" | "spellout" | "ordinal" | "duration"
+ * argStyle = "short" | "medium" | "long" | "full" | "integer" | "currency" | "percent" | argStyleText
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>messageText can contain quoted literal strings including syntax characters.
+ * A quoted literal string begins with an ASCII apostrophe and a syntax character
+ * (usually a {curly brace}) and continues until the next single apostrophe.
+ * A double ASCII apostrohpe inside or outside of a quoted string represents
+ * one literal apostrophe.
+ * <li>Quotable syntax characters are the {curly braces} in all messageText parts,
+ * plus the '#' sign in a messageText immediately inside a pluralStyle,
+ * and the '|' symbol in a messageText immediately inside a choiceStyle.
+ * <li>See also {@link #UMessagePatternApostropheMode}
+ * <li>In argStyleText, every single ASCII apostrophe begins and ends quoted literal text,
+ * and unquoted {curly braces} must occur in matched pairs.
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * <p>Recommendation: Use the real apostrophe (single quote) character
+ * \htmlonly&#x2019;\endhtmlonly (U+2019) for
+ * human-readable text, and use the ASCII apostrophe ' (U+0027)
+ * only in program syntax, like quoting in MessageFormat.
+ * See the annotations for U+0027 Apostrophe in The Unicode Standard.
+ *
+ * <p>The <code>choice</code> argument type is deprecated.
+ * Use <code>plural</code> arguments for proper plural selection,
+ * and <code>select</code> arguments for simple selection among a fixed set of choices.
+ *
+ * <p>The <code>argType</code> and <code>argStyle</code> values are used to create
+ * a <code>Format</code> instance for the format element. The following
+ * table shows how the values map to Format instances. Combinations not
+ * shown in the table are illegal. Any <code>argStyleText</code> must
+ * be a valid pattern string for the Format subclass used.
+ *
+ * <p><table border=1>
+ * <tr>
+ * <th>argType
+ * <th>argStyle
+ * <th>resulting Format object
+ * <tr>
+ * <td colspan=2><i>(none)</i>
+ * <td><code>null</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td rowspan=5><code>number</code>
+ * <td><i>(none)</i>
+ * <td><code>NumberFormat.createInstance(getLocale(), status)</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td><code>integer</code>
+ * <td><code>NumberFormat.createInstance(getLocale(), kNumberStyle, status)</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td><code>currency</code>
+ * <td><code>NumberFormat.createCurrencyInstance(getLocale(), status)</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td><code>percent</code>
+ * <td><code>NumberFormat.createPercentInstance(getLocale(), status)</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td><i>argStyleText</i>
+ * <td><code>new DecimalFormat(argStyleText, new DecimalFormatSymbols(getLocale(), status), status)</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td rowspan=6><code>date</code>
+ * <td><i>(none)</i>
+ * <td><code>DateFormat.createDateInstance(kDefault, getLocale(), status)</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td><code>short</code>
+ * <td><code>DateFormat.createDateInstance(kShort, getLocale(), status)</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td><code>medium</code>
+ * <td><code>DateFormat.createDateInstance(kDefault, getLocale(), status)</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td><code>long</code>
+ * <td><code>DateFormat.createDateInstance(kLong, getLocale(), status)</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td><code>full</code>
+ * <td><code>DateFormat.createDateInstance(kFull, getLocale(), status)</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td><i>argStyleText</i>
+ * <td><code>new SimpleDateFormat(argStyleText, getLocale(), status)
+ * <tr>
+ * <td rowspan=6><code>time</code>
+ * <td><i>(none)</i>
+ * <td><code>DateFormat.createTimeInstance(kDefault, getLocale(), status)</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td><code>short</code>
+ * <td><code>DateFormat.createTimeInstance(kShort, getLocale(), status)</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td><code>medium</code>
+ * <td><code>DateFormat.createTimeInstance(kDefault, getLocale(), status)</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td><code>long</code>
+ * <td><code>DateFormat.createTimeInstance(kLong, getLocale(), status)</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td><code>full</code>
+ * <td><code>DateFormat.createTimeInstance(kFull, getLocale(), status)</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td><i>argStyleText</i>
+ * <td><code>new SimpleDateFormat(argStyleText, getLocale(), status)
+ * <tr>
+ * <td><code>spellout</code>
+ * <td><i>argStyleText (optional)</i>
+ * <td><code>new RuleBasedNumberFormat(URBNF_SPELLOUT, getLocale(), status)
+ * <br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;.setDefaultRuleset(argStyleText, status);</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td><code>ordinal</code>
+ * <td><i>argStyleText (optional)</i>
+ * <td><code>new RuleBasedNumberFormat(URBNF_ORDINAL, getLocale(), status)
+ * <br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;.setDefaultRuleset(argStyleText, status);</code>
+ * <tr>
+ * <td><code>duration</code>
+ * <td><i>argStyleText (optional)</i>
+ * <td><code>new RuleBasedNumberFormat(URBNF_DURATION, getLocale(), status)
+ * <br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;.setDefaultRuleset(argStyleText, status);</code>
+ * </table>
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * <h4>Usage Information</h4>
+ *
+ * <p>Here are some examples of usage:
+ * Example 1:
+ *
+ * <pre>
+ * \code
+ * UErrorCode success = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+ * GregorianCalendar cal(success);
+ * Formattable arguments[] = {
+ * 7L,
+ * Formattable( (Date) cal.getTime(success), Formattable::kIsDate),
+ * "a disturbance in the Force"
+ * };
+ *
+ * UnicodeString result;
+ * MessageFormat::format(
+ * "At {1,time} on {1,date}, there was {2} on planet {0,number}.",
+ * arguments, 3, result, success );
+ *
+ * cout << "result: " << result << endl;
+ * //<output>: At 4:34:20 PM on 23-Mar-98, there was a disturbance
+ * // in the Force on planet 7.
+ * \endcode
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * Typically, the message format will come from resources, and the
+ * arguments will be dynamically set at runtime.
+ *
+ * <p>Example 2:
+ *
+ * <pre>
+ * \code
+ * success = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+ * Formattable testArgs[] = {3L, "MyDisk"};
+ *
+ * MessageFormat form(
+ * "The disk \"{1}\" contains {0} file(s).", success );
+ *
+ * UnicodeString string;
+ * FieldPosition fpos = 0;
+ * cout << "format: " << form.format(testArgs, 2, string, fpos, success ) << endl;
+ *
+ * // output, with different testArgs:
+ * // output: The disk "MyDisk" contains 0 file(s).
+ * // output: The disk "MyDisk" contains 1 file(s).
+ * // output: The disk "MyDisk" contains 1,273 file(s).
+ * \endcode
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ *
+ * <p>For messages that include plural forms, you can use a plural argument:
+ * <pre>
+ * \code
+ * success = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+ * MessageFormat msgFmt(
+ * "{num_files, plural, "
+ * "=0{There are no files on disk \"{disk_name}\".}"
+ * "=1{There is one file on disk \"{disk_name}\".}"
+ * "other{There are # files on disk \"{disk_name}\".}}",
+ * Locale("en"),
+ * success);
+ * FieldPosition fpos = 0;
+ * Formattable testArgs[] = {0L, "MyDisk"};
+ * UnicodeString testArgsNames[] = {"num_files", "disk_name"};
+ * UnicodeString result;
+ * cout << msgFmt.format(testArgs, testArgsNames, 2, result, fpos, 0, success);
+ * testArgs[0] = 3L;
+ * cout << msgFmt.format(testArgs, testArgsNames, 2, result, fpos, 0, success);
+ * \endcode
+ * <em>output</em>:
+ * There are no files on disk "MyDisk".
+ * There are 3 files on "MyDisk".
+ * </pre>
+ * See {@link PluralFormat} and {@link PluralRules} for details.
+ *
+ * <h4><a name="synchronization">Synchronization</a></h4>
+ *
+ * <p>MessageFormats are not synchronized.
+ * It is recommended to create separate format instances for each thread.
+ * If multiple threads access a format concurrently, it must be synchronized
+ * externally.
+ *
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+class U_I18N_API MessageFormat : public Format {
+public:
+#ifndef U_HIDE_OBSOLETE_API
+ /**
+ * Enum type for kMaxFormat.
+ * @obsolete ICU 3.0. The 10-argument limit was removed as of ICU 2.6,
+ * rendering this enum type obsolete.
+ */
+ enum EFormatNumber {
+ /**
+ * The maximum number of arguments.
+ * @obsolete ICU 3.0. The 10-argument limit was removed as of ICU 2.6,
+ * rendering this constant obsolete.
+ */
+ kMaxFormat = 10
+ };
+#endif /* U_HIDE_OBSOLETE_API */
+
+ /**
+ * Constructs a new MessageFormat using the given pattern and the
+ * default locale.
+ *
+ * @param pattern Pattern used to construct object.
+ * @param status Input/output error code. If the
+ * pattern cannot be parsed, set to failure code.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ MessageFormat(const UnicodeString& pattern,
+ UErrorCode &status);
+
+ /**
+ * Constructs a new MessageFormat using the given pattern and locale.
+ * @param pattern Pattern used to construct object.
+ * @param newLocale The locale to use for formatting dates and numbers.
+ * @param status Input/output error code. If the
+ * pattern cannot be parsed, set to failure code.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ MessageFormat(const UnicodeString& pattern,
+ const Locale& newLocale,
+ UErrorCode& status);
+ /**
+ * Constructs a new MessageFormat using the given pattern and locale.
+ * @param pattern Pattern used to construct object.
+ * @param newLocale The locale to use for formatting dates and numbers.
+ * @param parseError Struct to receive information on the position
+ * of an error within the pattern.
+ * @param status Input/output error code. If the
+ * pattern cannot be parsed, set to failure code.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ MessageFormat(const UnicodeString& pattern,
+ const Locale& newLocale,
+ UParseError& parseError,
+ UErrorCode& status);
+ /**
+ * Constructs a new MessageFormat from an existing one.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ MessageFormat(const MessageFormat&);
+
+ /**
+ * Assignment operator.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ const MessageFormat& operator=(const MessageFormat&);
+
+ /**
+ * Destructor.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ virtual ~MessageFormat();
+
+ /**
+ * Clones this Format object polymorphically. The caller owns the
+ * result and should delete it when done.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ virtual Format* clone(void) const;
+
+ /**
+ * Returns true if the given Format objects are semantically equal.
+ * Objects of different subclasses are considered unequal.
+ * @param other the object to be compared with.
+ * @return true if the given Format objects are semantically equal.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ virtual UBool operator==(const Format& other) const;
+
+ /**
+ * Sets the locale to be used for creating argument Format objects.
+ * @param theLocale the new locale value to be set.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ virtual void setLocale(const Locale& theLocale);
+
+ /**
+ * Gets the locale used for creating argument Format objects.
+ * format information.
+ * @return the locale of the object.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ virtual const Locale& getLocale(void) const;
+
+ /**
+ * Applies the given pattern string to this message format.
+ *
+ * @param pattern The pattern to be applied.
+ * @param status Input/output error code. If the
+ * pattern cannot be parsed, set to failure code.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ virtual void applyPattern(const UnicodeString& pattern,
+ UErrorCode& status);
+ /**
+ * Applies the given pattern string to this message format.
+ *
+ * @param pattern The pattern to be applied.
+ * @param parseError Struct to receive information on the position
+ * of an error within the pattern.
+ * @param status Input/output error code. If the
+ * pattern cannot be parsed, set to failure code.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ virtual void applyPattern(const UnicodeString& pattern,
+ UParseError& parseError,
+ UErrorCode& status);
+
+ /**
+ * Sets the UMessagePatternApostropheMode and the pattern used by this message format.
+ * Parses the pattern and caches Format objects for simple argument types.
+ * Patterns and their interpretation are specified in the
+ * <a href="#patterns">class description</a>.
+ * <p>
+ * This method is best used only once on a given object to avoid confusion about the mode,
+ * and after constructing the object with an empty pattern string to minimize overhead.
+ *
+ * @param pattern The pattern to be applied.
+ * @param aposMode The new apostrophe mode.
+ * @param parseError Struct to receive information on the position
+ * of an error within the pattern.
+ * Can be NULL.
+ * @param status Input/output error code. If the
+ * pattern cannot be parsed, set to failure code.
+ * @stable ICU 4.8
+ */
+ virtual void applyPattern(const UnicodeString& pattern,
+ UMessagePatternApostropheMode aposMode,
+ UParseError* parseError,
+ UErrorCode& status);
+
+ /**
+ * @return this instance's UMessagePatternApostropheMode.
+ * @stable ICU 4.8
+ */
+ UMessagePatternApostropheMode getApostropheMode() const {
+ return msgPattern.getApostropheMode();
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns a pattern that can be used to recreate this object.
+ *
+ * @param appendTo Output parameter to receive the pattern.
+ * Result is appended to existing contents.
+ * @return Reference to 'appendTo' parameter.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ virtual UnicodeString& toPattern(UnicodeString& appendTo) const;
+
+ /**
+ * Sets subformats.
+ * See the class description about format numbering.
+ * The caller should not delete the Format objects after this call.
+ * <EM>The array formatsToAdopt is not itself adopted.</EM> Its
+ * ownership is retained by the caller. If the call fails because
+ * memory cannot be allocated, then the formats will be deleted
+ * by this method, and this object will remain unchanged.
+ *
+ * <p>If this format uses named arguments, the new formats are discarded
+ * and this format remains unchanged.
+ *
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ * @param formatsToAdopt the format to be adopted.
+ * @param count the size of the array.
+ */
+ virtual void adoptFormats(Format** formatsToAdopt, int32_t count);
+
+ /**
+ * Sets subformats.
+ * See the class description about format numbering.
+ * Each item in the array is cloned into the internal array.
+ * If the call fails because memory cannot be allocated, then this
+ * object will remain unchanged.
+ *
+ * <p>If this format uses named arguments, the new formats are discarded
+ * and this format remains unchanged.
+ *
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ * @param newFormats the new format to be set.
+ * @param cnt the size of the array.
+ */
+ virtual void setFormats(const Format** newFormats, int32_t cnt);
+
+
+ /**
+ * Sets one subformat.
+ * See the class description about format numbering.
+ * The caller should not delete the Format object after this call.
+ * If the number is over the number of formats already set,
+ * the item will be deleted and ignored.
+ *
+ * <p>If this format uses named arguments, the new format is discarded
+ * and this format remains unchanged.
+ *
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ * @param formatNumber index of the subformat.
+ * @param formatToAdopt the format to be adopted.
+ */
+ virtual void adoptFormat(int32_t formatNumber, Format* formatToAdopt);
+
+ /**
+ * Sets one subformat.
+ * See the class description about format numbering.
+ * If the number is over the number of formats already set,
+ * the item will be ignored.
+ * @param formatNumber index of the subformat.
+ * @param format the format to be set.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ virtual void setFormat(int32_t formatNumber, const Format& format);
+
+ /**
+ * Gets format names. This function returns formatNames in StringEnumerations
+ * which can be used with getFormat() and setFormat() to export formattable
+ * array from current MessageFormat to another. It is the caller's responsibility
+ * to delete the returned formatNames.
+ * @param status output param set to success/failure code.
+ * @stable ICU 4.0
+ */
+ virtual StringEnumeration* getFormatNames(UErrorCode& status);
+
+ /**
+ * Gets subformat pointer for given format name.
+ * This function supports both named and numbered
+ * arguments. If numbered, the formatName is the
+ * corresponding UnicodeStrings (e.g. "0", "1", "2"...).
+ * The returned Format object should not be deleted by the caller,
+ * nor should the ponter of other object . The pointer and its
+ * contents remain valid only until the next call to any method
+ * of this class is made with this object.
+ * @param formatName the name or number specifying a format
+ * @param status output param set to success/failure code.
+ * @stable ICU 4.0
+ */
+ virtual Format* getFormat(const UnicodeString& formatName, UErrorCode& status);
+
+ /**
+ * Sets one subformat for given format name.
+ * See the class description about format name.
+ * This function supports both named and numbered
+ * arguments-- if numbered, the formatName is the
+ * corresponding UnicodeStrings (e.g. "0", "1", "2"...).
+ * If there is no matched formatName or wrong type,
+ * the item will be ignored.
+ * @param formatName Name of the subformat.
+ * @param format the format to be set.
+ * @param status output param set to success/failure code.
+ * @stable ICU 4.0
+ */
+ virtual void setFormat(const UnicodeString& formatName, const Format& format, UErrorCode& status);
+
+ /**
+ * Sets one subformat for given format name.
+ * See the class description about format name.
+ * This function supports both named and numbered
+ * arguments-- if numbered, the formatName is the
+ * corresponding UnicodeStrings (e.g. "0", "1", "2"...).
+ * If there is no matched formatName or wrong type,
+ * the item will be ignored.
+ * The caller should not delete the Format object after this call.
+ * @param formatName Name of the subformat.
+ * @param formatToAdopt Format to be adopted.
+ * @param status output param set to success/failure code.
+ * @stable ICU 4.0
+ */
+ virtual void adoptFormat(const UnicodeString& formatName, Format* formatToAdopt, UErrorCode& status);
+
+ /**
+ * Gets an array of subformats of this object. The returned array
+ * should not be deleted by the caller, nor should the pointers
+ * within the array. The array and its contents remain valid only
+ * until the next call to this format. See the class description
+ * about format numbering.
+ *
+ * @param count output parameter to receive the size of the array
+ * @return an array of count Format* objects, or NULL if out of
+ * memory. Any or all of the array elements may be NULL.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ virtual const Format** getFormats(int32_t& count) const;
+
+
+ using Format::format;
+
+ /**
+ * Formats the given array of arguments into a user-readable string.
+ * Does not take ownership of the Formattable* array or its contents.
+ *
+ * <p>If this format uses named arguments, appendTo is unchanged and
+ * status is set to U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR.
+ *
+ * @param source An array of objects to be formatted.
+ * @param count The number of elements of 'source'.
+ * @param appendTo Output parameter to receive result.
+ * Result is appended to existing contents.
+ * @param ignore Not used; inherited from base class API.
+ * @param status Input/output error code. If the
+ * pattern cannot be parsed, set to failure code.
+ * @return Reference to 'appendTo' parameter.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ UnicodeString& format(const Formattable* source,
+ int32_t count,
+ UnicodeString& appendTo,
+ FieldPosition& ignore,
+ UErrorCode& status) const;
+
+ /**
+ * Formats the given array of arguments into a user-readable string
+ * using the given pattern.
+ *
+ * <p>If this format uses named arguments, appendTo is unchanged and
+ * status is set to U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR.
+ *
+ * @param pattern The pattern.
+ * @param arguments An array of objects to be formatted.
+ * @param count The number of elements of 'source'.
+ * @param appendTo Output parameter to receive result.
+ * Result is appended to existing contents.
+ * @param status Input/output error code. If the
+ * pattern cannot be parsed, set to failure code.
+ * @return Reference to 'appendTo' parameter.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ static UnicodeString& format(const UnicodeString& pattern,
+ const Formattable* arguments,
+ int32_t count,
+ UnicodeString& appendTo,
+ UErrorCode& status);
+
+ /**
+ * Formats the given array of arguments into a user-readable
+ * string. The array must be stored within a single Formattable
+ * object of type kArray. If the Formattable object type is not of
+ * type kArray, then returns a failing UErrorCode.
+ *
+ * <p>If this format uses named arguments, appendTo is unchanged and
+ * status is set to U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR.
+ *
+ * @param obj A Formattable of type kArray containing
+ * arguments to be formatted.
+ * @param appendTo Output parameter to receive result.
+ * Result is appended to existing contents.
+ * @param pos On input: an alignment field, if desired.
+ * On output: the offsets of the alignment field.
+ * @param status Input/output error code. If the
+ * pattern cannot be parsed, set to failure code.
+ * @return Reference to 'appendTo' parameter.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ virtual UnicodeString& format(const Formattable& obj,
+ UnicodeString& appendTo,
+ FieldPosition& pos,
+ UErrorCode& status) const;
+
+ /**
+ * Formats the given array of arguments into a user-defined argument name
+ * array. This function supports both named and numbered
+ * arguments-- if numbered, the formatName is the
+ * corresponding UnicodeStrings (e.g. "0", "1", "2"...).
+ *
+ * @param argumentNames argument name array
+ * @param arguments An array of objects to be formatted.
+ * @param count The number of elements of 'argumentNames' and
+ * arguments. The number of argumentNames and arguments
+ * must be the same.
+ * @param appendTo Output parameter to receive result.
+ * Result is appended to existing contents.
+ * @param status Input/output error code. If the
+ * pattern cannot be parsed, set to failure code.
+ * @return Reference to 'appendTo' parameter.
+ * @stable ICU 4.0
+ */
+ UnicodeString& format(const UnicodeString* argumentNames,
+ const Formattable* arguments,
+ int32_t count,
+ UnicodeString& appendTo,
+ UErrorCode& status) const;
+ /**
+ * Parses the given string into an array of output arguments.
+ *
+ * @param source String to be parsed.
+ * @param pos On input, starting position for parse. On output,
+ * final position after parse. Unchanged if parse
+ * fails.
+ * @param count Output parameter to receive the number of arguments
+ * parsed.
+ * @return an array of parsed arguments. The caller owns both
+ * the array and its contents.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ virtual Formattable* parse(const UnicodeString& source,
+ ParsePosition& pos,
+ int32_t& count) const;
+
+ /**
+ * Parses the given string into an array of output arguments.
+ *
+ * <p>If this format uses named arguments, status is set to
+ * U_ARGUMENT_TYPE_MISMATCH.
+ *
+ * @param source String to be parsed.
+ * @param count Output param to receive size of returned array.
+ * @param status Input/output error code. If the
+ * pattern cannot be parsed, set to failure code.
+ * @return an array of parsed arguments. The caller owns both
+ * the array and its contents. Returns NULL if status is not U_ZERO_ERROR.
+ *
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ virtual Formattable* parse(const UnicodeString& source,
+ int32_t& count,
+ UErrorCode& status) const;
+
+ /**
+ * Parses the given string into an array of output arguments
+ * stored within a single Formattable of type kArray.
+ *
+ * @param source The string to be parsed into an object.
+ * @param result Formattable to be set to the parse result.
+ * If parse fails, return contents are undefined.
+ * @param pos On input, starting position for parse. On output,
+ * final position after parse. Unchanged if parse
+ * fails.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ virtual void parseObject(const UnicodeString& source,
+ Formattable& result,
+ ParsePosition& pos) const;
+
+ /**
+ * Convert an 'apostrophe-friendly' pattern into a standard
+ * pattern. Standard patterns treat all apostrophes as
+ * quotes, which is problematic in some languages, e.g.
+ * French, where apostrophe is commonly used. This utility
+ * assumes that only an unpaired apostrophe immediately before
+ * a brace is a true quote. Other unpaired apostrophes are paired,
+ * and the resulting standard pattern string is returned.
+ *
+ * <p><b>Note</b> it is not guaranteed that the returned pattern
+ * is indeed a valid pattern. The only effect is to convert
+ * between patterns having different quoting semantics.
+ *
+ * @param pattern the 'apostrophe-friendly' patttern to convert
+ * @param status Input/output error code. If the pattern
+ * cannot be parsed, the failure code is set.
+ * @return the standard equivalent of the original pattern
+ * @stable ICU 3.4
+ */
+ static UnicodeString autoQuoteApostrophe(const UnicodeString& pattern,
+ UErrorCode& status);
+
+
+ /**
+ * Returns true if this MessageFormat uses named arguments,
+ * and false otherwise. See class description.
+ *
+ * @return true if named arguments are used.
+ * @stable ICU 4.0
+ */
+ UBool usesNamedArguments() const;
+
+
+#ifndef U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API
+ /**
+ * This API is for ICU internal use only.
+ * Please do not use it.
+ *
+ * Returns argument types count in the parsed pattern.
+ * Used to distinguish pattern "{0} d" and "d".
+ *
+ * @return The number of formattable types in the pattern
+ * @internal
+ */
+ int32_t getArgTypeCount() const;
+#endif /* U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API */
+
+ /**
+ * Returns a unique class ID POLYMORPHICALLY. Pure virtual override.
+ * This method is to implement a simple version of RTTI, since not all
+ * C++ compilers support genuine RTTI. Polymorphic operator==() and
+ * clone() methods call this method.
+ *
+ * @return The class ID for this object. All objects of a
+ * given class have the same class ID. Objects of
+ * other classes have different class IDs.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ virtual UClassID getDynamicClassID(void) const;
+
+ /**
+ * Return the class ID for this class. This is useful only for
+ * comparing to a return value from getDynamicClassID(). For example:
+ * <pre>
+ * . Base* polymorphic_pointer = createPolymorphicObject();
+ * . if (polymorphic_pointer->getDynamicClassID() ==
+ * . Derived::getStaticClassID()) ...
+ * </pre>
+ * @return The class ID for all objects of this class.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+ static UClassID U_EXPORT2 getStaticClassID(void);
+
+#ifndef U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API
+ /**
+ * Compares two Format objects. This is used for constructing the hash
+ * tables.
+ *
+ * @param left pointer to a Format object. Must not be NULL.
+ * @param right pointer to a Format object. Must not be NULL.
+ *
+ * @return whether the two objects are the same
+ * @internal
+ */
+ static UBool equalFormats(const void* left, const void* right);
+#endif /* U_HIDE_INTERNAL_API */
+
+private:
+
+ Locale fLocale;
+ MessagePattern msgPattern;
+ Format** formatAliases; // see getFormats
+ int32_t formatAliasesCapacity;
+
+ MessageFormat(); // default constructor not implemented
+
+ /**
+ * This provider helps defer instantiation of a PluralRules object
+ * until we actually need to select a keyword.
+ * For example, if the number matches an explicit-value selector like "=1"
+ * we do not need any PluralRules.
+ */
+ class U_I18N_API PluralSelectorProvider : public PluralFormat::PluralSelector {
+ public:
+ PluralSelectorProvider(const MessageFormat &mf, UPluralType type);
+ virtual ~PluralSelectorProvider();
+ virtual UnicodeString select(void *ctx, double number, UErrorCode& ec) const;
+
+ void reset();
+ private:
+ const MessageFormat &msgFormat;
+ PluralRules* rules;
+ UPluralType type;
+ };
+
+ /**
+ * A MessageFormat formats an array of arguments. Each argument
+ * has an expected type, based on the pattern. For example, if
+ * the pattern contains the subformat "{3,number,integer}", then
+ * we expect argument 3 to have type Formattable::kLong. This
+ * array needs to grow dynamically if the MessageFormat is
+ * modified.
+ */
+ Formattable::Type* argTypes;
+ int32_t argTypeCount;
+ int32_t argTypeCapacity;
+
+ /**
+ * TRUE if there are different argTypes for the same argument.
+ * This only matters when the MessageFormat is used in the plain C (umsg_xxx) API
+ * where the pattern argTypes determine how the va_arg list is read.
+ */
+ UBool hasArgTypeConflicts;
+
+ // Variable-size array management
+ UBool allocateArgTypes(int32_t capacity, UErrorCode& status);
+
+ /**
+ * Default Format objects used when no format is specified and a
+ * numeric or date argument is formatted. These are volatile
+ * cache objects maintained only for performance. They do not
+ * participate in operator=(), copy constructor(), nor
+ * operator==().
+ */
+ NumberFormat* defaultNumberFormat;
+ DateFormat* defaultDateFormat;
+
+ UHashtable* cachedFormatters;
+ UHashtable* customFormatArgStarts;
+
+ PluralSelectorProvider pluralProvider;
+ PluralSelectorProvider ordinalProvider;
+
+ /**
+ * Method to retrieve default formats (or NULL on failure).
+ * These are semantically const, but may modify *this.
+ */
+ const NumberFormat* getDefaultNumberFormat(UErrorCode&) const;
+ const DateFormat* getDefaultDateFormat(UErrorCode&) const;
+
+ /**
+ * Finds the word s, in the keyword list and returns the located index.
+ * @param s the keyword to be searched for.
+ * @param list the list of keywords to be searched with.
+ * @return the index of the list which matches the keyword s.
+ */
+ static int32_t findKeyword( const UnicodeString& s,
+ const UChar * const *list);
+
+ /**
+ * Thin wrapper around the format(... AppendableWrapper ...) variant.
+ * Wraps the destination UnicodeString into an AppendableWrapper and
+ * supplies default values for some other parameters.
+ */
+ UnicodeString& format(const Formattable* arguments,
+ const UnicodeString *argumentNames,
+ int32_t cnt,
+ UnicodeString& appendTo,
+ FieldPosition* pos,
+ UErrorCode& status) const;
+
+ /**
+ * Formats the arguments and writes the result into the
+ * AppendableWrapper, updates the field position.
+ *
+ * @param msgStart Index to msgPattern part to start formatting from.
+ * @param plNumber NULL except when formatting a plural argument sub-message
+ * where a '#' is replaced by the format string for this number.
+ * @param arguments The formattable objects array. (Must not be NULL.)
+ * @param argumentNames NULL if numbered values are used. Otherwise the same
+ * length as "arguments", and each entry is the name of the
+ * corresponding argument in "arguments".
+ * @param cnt The length of arguments (and of argumentNames if that is not NULL).
+ * @param appendTo Output parameter to receive the result.
+ * The result string is appended to existing contents.
+ * @param pos Field position status.
+ * @param success The error code status.
+ */
+ void format(int32_t msgStart,
+ const void *plNumber,
+ const Formattable* arguments,
+ const UnicodeString *argumentNames,
+ int32_t cnt,
+ AppendableWrapper& appendTo,
+ FieldPosition* pos,
+ UErrorCode& success) const;
+
+ UnicodeString getArgName(int32_t partIndex);
+
+ void setArgStartFormat(int32_t argStart, Format* formatter, UErrorCode& status);
+
+ void setCustomArgStartFormat(int32_t argStart, Format* formatter, UErrorCode& status);
+
+ int32_t nextTopLevelArgStart(int32_t partIndex) const;
+
+ UBool argNameMatches(int32_t partIndex, const UnicodeString& argName, int32_t argNumber);
+
+ void cacheExplicitFormats(UErrorCode& status);
+
+ Format* createAppropriateFormat(UnicodeString& type,
+ UnicodeString& style,
+ Formattable::Type& formattableType,
+ UParseError& parseError,
+ UErrorCode& ec);
+
+ const Formattable* getArgFromListByName(const Formattable* arguments,
+ const UnicodeString *argumentNames,
+ int32_t cnt, UnicodeString& name) const;
+
+ Formattable* parse(int32_t msgStart,
+ const UnicodeString& source,
+ ParsePosition& pos,
+ int32_t& count,
+ UErrorCode& ec) const;
+
+ FieldPosition* updateMetaData(AppendableWrapper& dest, int32_t prevLength,
+ FieldPosition* fp, const Formattable* argId) const;
+
+ /**
+ * Finds the "other" sub-message.
+ * @param partIndex the index of the first PluralFormat argument style part.
+ * @return the "other" sub-message start part index.
+ */
+ int32_t findOtherSubMessage(int32_t partIndex) const;
+
+ /**
+ * Returns the ARG_START index of the first occurrence of the plural number in a sub-message.
+ * Returns -1 if it is a REPLACE_NUMBER.
+ * Returns 0 if there is neither.
+ */
+ int32_t findFirstPluralNumberArg(int32_t msgStart, const UnicodeString &argName) const;
+
+ Format* getCachedFormatter(int32_t argumentNumber) const;
+
+ UnicodeString getLiteralStringUntilNextArgument(int32_t from) const;
+
+ void copyObjects(const MessageFormat& that, UErrorCode& ec);
+
+ void formatComplexSubMessage(int32_t msgStart,
+ const void *plNumber,
+ const Formattable* arguments,
+ const UnicodeString *argumentNames,
+ int32_t cnt,
+ AppendableWrapper& appendTo,
+ UErrorCode& success) const;
+
+ /**
+ * Convenience method that ought to be in NumberFormat
+ */
+ NumberFormat* createIntegerFormat(const Locale& locale, UErrorCode& status) const;
+
+ /**
+ * Returns array of argument types in the parsed pattern
+ * for use in C API. Only for the use of umsg_vformat(). Not
+ * for public consumption.
+ * @param listCount Output parameter to receive the size of array
+ * @return The array of formattable types in the pattern
+ */
+ const Formattable::Type* getArgTypeList(int32_t& listCount) const {
+ listCount = argTypeCount;
+ return argTypes;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Resets the internal MessagePattern, and other associated caches.
+ */
+ void resetPattern();
+
+ /**
+ * A DummyFormatter that we use solely to store a NULL value. UHash does
+ * not support storing NULL values.
+ */
+ class U_I18N_API DummyFormat : public Format {
+ public:
+ virtual UBool operator==(const Format&) const;
+ virtual Format* clone() const;
+ virtual UnicodeString& format(const Formattable& obj,
+ UnicodeString& appendTo,
+ UErrorCode& status) const;
+ virtual UnicodeString& format(const Formattable&,
+ UnicodeString& appendTo,
+ FieldPosition&,
+ UErrorCode& status) const;
+ virtual UnicodeString& format(const Formattable& obj,
+ UnicodeString& appendTo,
+ FieldPositionIterator* posIter,
+ UErrorCode& status) const;
+ virtual void parseObject(const UnicodeString&,
+ Formattable&,
+ ParsePosition&) const;
+ };
+
+ friend class MessageFormatAdapter; // getFormatTypeList() access
+};
+
+U_NAMESPACE_END
+
+#endif /* #if !UCONFIG_NO_FORMATTING */
+
+#endif // _MSGFMT
+//eof