Add m-esr52 at 52.6.0

1 files changed, 3032 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/gfx/angle/src/libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/Renderer9.cpp b/gfx/angle/src/libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/Renderer9.cpp
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d578d4075
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gfx/angle/src/libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/Renderer9.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,3032 @@
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012-2014 The ANGLE Project Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+//
+
+// Renderer9.cpp: Implements a back-end specific class for the D3D9 renderer.
+
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/Renderer9.h"
+
+#include <sstream>
+#include <EGL/eglext.h>
+
+#include "common/utilities.h"
+#include "libANGLE/angletypes.h"
+#include "libANGLE/Buffer.h"
+#include "libANGLE/Display.h"
+#include "libANGLE/features.h"
+#include "libANGLE/formatutils.h"
+#include "libANGLE/Framebuffer.h"
+#include "libANGLE/FramebufferAttachment.h"
+#include "libANGLE/Program.h"
+#include "libANGLE/Renderbuffer.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/Blit9.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/Buffer9.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/Context9.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/Fence9.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/formatutils9.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/Framebuffer9.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/Image9.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/IndexBuffer9.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/NativeWindow9.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/Query9.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/renderer9_utils.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/RenderTarget9.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/ShaderExecutable9.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/SwapChain9.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/TextureStorage9.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/VertexArray9.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/d3d9/VertexBuffer9.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/CompilerD3D.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/DeviceD3D.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/FramebufferD3D.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/IndexDataManager.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/ProgramD3D.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/RenderbufferD3D.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/ShaderD3D.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/SurfaceD3D.h"
+#include "libANGLE/renderer/d3d/TextureD3D.h"
+#include "libANGLE/State.h"
+#include "libANGLE/Surface.h"
+#include "libANGLE/Texture.h"
+#include "third_party/trace_event/trace_event.h"
+
+
+
+#if !defined(ANGLE_COMPILE_OPTIMIZATION_LEVEL)
+#define ANGLE_COMPILE_OPTIMIZATION_LEVEL D3DCOMPILE_OPTIMIZATION_LEVEL3
+#endif
+
+// Enable ANGLE_SUPPORT_SHADER_MODEL_2 if you wish devices with only shader model 2.
+// Such a device would not be conformant.
+#ifndef ANGLE_SUPPORT_SHADER_MODEL_2
+#define ANGLE_SUPPORT_SHADER_MODEL_2 0
+#endif
+
+namespace rx
+{
+
+enum
+{
+    MAX_VERTEX_CONSTANT_VECTORS_D3D9 = 256,
+    MAX_PIXEL_CONSTANT_VECTORS_SM2 = 32,
+    MAX_PIXEL_CONSTANT_VECTORS_SM3 = 224,
+    MAX_VARYING_VECTORS_SM2 = 8,
+    MAX_VARYING_VECTORS_SM3 = 10,
+
+    MAX_TEXTURE_IMAGE_UNITS_VTF_SM3 = 4
+};
+
+Renderer9::Renderer9(egl::Display *display) : RendererD3D(display), mStateManager(this)
+{
+    mD3d9Module = NULL;
+
+    mD3d9 = NULL;
+    mD3d9Ex = NULL;
+    mDevice = NULL;
+    mDeviceEx = NULL;
+    mDeviceWindow = NULL;
+    mBlit = NULL;
+
+    mAdapter = D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT;
+
+    const egl::AttributeMap &attributes = display->getAttributeMap();
+    EGLint requestedDeviceType = static_cast<EGLint>(attributes.get(
+        EGL_PLATFORM_ANGLE_DEVICE_TYPE_ANGLE, EGL_PLATFORM_ANGLE_DEVICE_TYPE_HARDWARE_ANGLE));
+    switch (requestedDeviceType)
+    {
+      case EGL_PLATFORM_ANGLE_DEVICE_TYPE_HARDWARE_ANGLE:
+        mDeviceType = D3DDEVTYPE_HAL;
+        break;
+
+      case EGL_PLATFORM_ANGLE_DEVICE_TYPE_REFERENCE_ANGLE:
+        mDeviceType = D3DDEVTYPE_REF;
+        break;
+
+      case EGL_PLATFORM_ANGLE_DEVICE_TYPE_NULL_ANGLE:
+        mDeviceType = D3DDEVTYPE_NULLREF;
+        break;
+
+      default:
+        UNREACHABLE();
+    }
+
+    mMaskedClearSavedState = NULL;
+
+    mVertexDataManager = NULL;
+    mIndexDataManager = NULL;
+    mLineLoopIB = NULL;
+    mCountingIB = NULL;
+
+    mMaxNullColorbufferLRU = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_NULL_COLORBUFFER_CACHE_ENTRIES; i++)
+    {
+        mNullColorbufferCache[i].lruCount = 0;
+        mNullColorbufferCache[i].width = 0;
+        mNullColorbufferCache[i].height = 0;
+        mNullColorbufferCache[i].buffer = NULL;
+    }
+
+    mAppliedVertexShader = NULL;
+    mAppliedPixelShader = NULL;
+    mAppliedProgramSerial = 0;
+
+    gl::InitializeDebugAnnotations(&mAnnotator);
+
+    mEGLDevice = nullptr;
+}
+
+Renderer9::~Renderer9()
+{
+    if (mDevice)
+    {
+        // If the device is lost, reset it first to prevent leaving the driver in an unstable state
+        if (testDeviceLost())
+        {
+            resetDevice();
+        }
+    }
+
+    release();
+}
+
+void Renderer9::release()
+{
+    RendererD3D::cleanup();
+
+    gl::UninitializeDebugAnnotations();
+
+    mTranslatedAttribCache.clear();
+
+    releaseDeviceResources();
+
+    SafeDelete(mEGLDevice);
+    SafeRelease(mDevice);
+    SafeRelease(mDeviceEx);
+    SafeRelease(mD3d9);
+    SafeRelease(mD3d9Ex);
+
+    mCompiler.release();
+
+    if (mDeviceWindow)
+    {
+        DestroyWindow(mDeviceWindow);
+        mDeviceWindow = NULL;
+    }
+
+    mD3d9Module = NULL;
+}
+
+egl::Error Renderer9::initialize()
+{
+    TRACE_EVENT0("gpu.angle", "GetModuleHandle_d3d9");
+    mD3d9Module = GetModuleHandle(TEXT("d3d9.dll"));
+
+    if (mD3d9Module == NULL)
+    {
+        return egl::Error(EGL_NOT_INITIALIZED, D3D9_INIT_MISSING_DEP, "No D3D9 module found.");
+    }
+
+    typedef HRESULT (WINAPI *Direct3DCreate9ExFunc)(UINT, IDirect3D9Ex**);
+    Direct3DCreate9ExFunc Direct3DCreate9ExPtr = reinterpret_cast<Direct3DCreate9ExFunc>(GetProcAddress(mD3d9Module, "Direct3DCreate9Ex"));
+
+    // Use Direct3D9Ex if available. Among other things, this version is less
+    // inclined to report a lost context, for example when the user switches
+    // desktop. Direct3D9Ex is available in Windows Vista and later if suitable drivers are available.
+    if (ANGLE_D3D9EX == ANGLE_ENABLED && Direct3DCreate9ExPtr && SUCCEEDED(Direct3DCreate9ExPtr(D3D_SDK_VERSION, &mD3d9Ex)))
+    {
+        TRACE_EVENT0("gpu.angle", "D3d9Ex_QueryInterface");
+        ASSERT(mD3d9Ex);
+        mD3d9Ex->QueryInterface(__uuidof(IDirect3D9), reinterpret_cast<void**>(&mD3d9));
+        ASSERT(mD3d9);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        TRACE_EVENT0("gpu.angle", "Direct3DCreate9");
+        mD3d9 = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
+    }
+
+    if (!mD3d9)
+    {
+        return egl::Error(EGL_NOT_INITIALIZED, D3D9_INIT_MISSING_DEP, "Could not create D3D9 device.");
+    }
+
+    if (mDisplay->getNativeDisplayId() != nullptr)
+    {
+    //  UNIMPLEMENTED();   // FIXME: Determine which adapter index the device context corresponds to
+    }
+
+    HRESULT result;
+
+    // Give up on getting device caps after about one second.
+    {
+        TRACE_EVENT0("gpu.angle", "GetDeviceCaps");
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
+        {
+            result = mD3d9->GetDeviceCaps(mAdapter, mDeviceType, &mDeviceCaps);
+            if (SUCCEEDED(result))
+            {
+                break;
+            }
+            else if (result == D3DERR_NOTAVAILABLE)
+            {
+                Sleep(100);   // Give the driver some time to initialize/recover
+            }
+            else if (FAILED(result))   // D3DERR_OUTOFVIDEOMEMORY, E_OUTOFMEMORY, D3DERR_INVALIDDEVICE, or another error we can't recover from
+            {
+                return egl::Error(EGL_NOT_INITIALIZED,
+                                  D3D9_INIT_OTHER_ERROR,
+                                  "Failed to get device caps: Error code 0x%x\n", result);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+#if ANGLE_SUPPORT_SHADER_MODEL_2
+    size_t minShaderModel = 2;
+#else
+    size_t minShaderModel = 3;
+#endif
+
+    if (mDeviceCaps.PixelShaderVersion < D3DPS_VERSION(minShaderModel, 0))
+    {
+        return egl::Error(EGL_NOT_INITIALIZED,
+                          D3D9_INIT_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION,
+                          "Renderer does not support PS %u.%u.aborting!", minShaderModel, 0);
+    }
+
+    // When DirectX9 is running with an older DirectX8 driver, a StretchRect from a regular texture to a render target texture is not supported.
+    // This is required by Texture2D::ensureRenderTarget.
+    if ((mDeviceCaps.DevCaps2 & D3DDEVCAPS2_CAN_STRETCHRECT_FROM_TEXTURES) == 0)
+    {
+        return egl::Error(EGL_NOT_INITIALIZED,
+                          D3D9_INIT_UNSUPPORTED_STRETCHRECT,
+                          "Renderer does not support StretctRect from textures.");
+    }
+
+    {
+        TRACE_EVENT0("gpu.angle", "GetAdapterIdentifier");
+        mD3d9->GetAdapterIdentifier(mAdapter, 0, &mAdapterIdentifier);
+    }
+
+    static const TCHAR windowName[] = TEXT("AngleHiddenWindow");
+    static const TCHAR className[] = TEXT("STATIC");
+
+    {
+        TRACE_EVENT0("gpu.angle", "CreateWindowEx");
+        mDeviceWindow = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_NOACTIVATE, className, windowName, WS_DISABLED | WS_POPUP, 0, 0, 1, 1, HWND_MESSAGE, NULL, GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL);
+    }
+
+    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS presentParameters = getDefaultPresentParameters();
+    DWORD behaviorFlags = D3DCREATE_FPU_PRESERVE | D3DCREATE_NOWINDOWCHANGES | D3DCREATE_MULTITHREADED;
+
+    {
+        TRACE_EVENT0("gpu.angle", "D3d9_CreateDevice");
+        result = mD3d9->CreateDevice(mAdapter, mDeviceType, mDeviceWindow, behaviorFlags | D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING | D3DCREATE_PUREDEVICE, &presentParameters, &mDevice);
+    }
+    if (result == D3DERR_OUTOFVIDEOMEMORY || result == E_OUTOFMEMORY || result == D3DERR_DEVICELOST)
+    {
+        return egl::Error(EGL_BAD_ALLOC, D3D9_INIT_OUT_OF_MEMORY,
+                          "CreateDevice failed: device lost of out of memory");
+    }
+
+    if (FAILED(result))
+    {
+        TRACE_EVENT0("gpu.angle", "D3d9_CreateDevice2");
+        result = mD3d9->CreateDevice(mAdapter, mDeviceType, mDeviceWindow, behaviorFlags | D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, &presentParameters, &mDevice);
+
+        if (FAILED(result))
+        {
+            ASSERT(result == D3DERR_OUTOFVIDEOMEMORY || result == E_OUTOFMEMORY || result == D3DERR_NOTAVAILABLE || result == D3DERR_DEVICELOST);
+            return egl::Error(EGL_BAD_ALLOC, D3D9_INIT_OUT_OF_MEMORY,
+                              "CreateDevice2 failed: device lost, not available, or of out of memory");
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (mD3d9Ex)
+    {
+        TRACE_EVENT0("gpu.angle", "mDevice_QueryInterface");
+        result = mDevice->QueryInterface(__uuidof(IDirect3DDevice9Ex), (void**)&mDeviceEx);
+        ASSERT(SUCCEEDED(result));
+    }
+
+    {
+        TRACE_EVENT0("gpu.angle", "ShaderCache initialize");
+        mVertexShaderCache.initialize(mDevice);
+        mPixelShaderCache.initialize(mDevice);
+    }
+
+    D3DDISPLAYMODE currentDisplayMode;
+    mD3d9->GetAdapterDisplayMode(mAdapter, &currentDisplayMode);
+
+    // Check vertex texture support
+    // Only Direct3D 10 ready devices support all the necessary vertex texture formats.
+    // We test this using D3D9 by checking support for the R16F format.
+    mVertexTextureSupport = mDeviceCaps.PixelShaderVersion >= D3DPS_VERSION(3, 0) &&
+                            SUCCEEDED(mD3d9->CheckDeviceFormat(mAdapter, mDeviceType, currentDisplayMode.Format,
+                                                               D3DUSAGE_QUERY_VERTEXTEXTURE, D3DRTYPE_TEXTURE, D3DFMT_R16F));
+
+    initializeDevice();
+
+    return egl::Error(EGL_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+// do any one-time device initialization
+// NOTE: this is also needed after a device lost/reset
+// to reset the scene status and ensure the default states are reset.
+void Renderer9::initializeDevice()
+{
+    // Permanent non-default states
+    mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_POINTSPRITEENABLE, TRUE);
+    mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LASTPIXEL, FALSE);
+
+    if (mDeviceCaps.PixelShaderVersion >= D3DPS_VERSION(3, 0))
+    {
+        mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_POINTSIZE_MAX, (DWORD&)mDeviceCaps.MaxPointSize);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_POINTSIZE_MAX, 0x3F800000);   // 1.0f
+    }
+
+    const gl::Caps &rendererCaps = getNativeCaps();
+
+    mCurVertexSamplerStates.resize(rendererCaps.maxVertexTextureImageUnits);
+    mCurPixelSamplerStates.resize(rendererCaps.maxTextureImageUnits);
+
+    mCurVertexTextures.resize(rendererCaps.maxVertexTextureImageUnits);
+    mCurPixelTextures.resize(rendererCaps.maxTextureImageUnits);
+
+    markAllStateDirty();
+
+    mSceneStarted = false;
+
+    ASSERT(!mBlit);
+    mBlit = new Blit9(this);
+    mBlit->initialize();
+
+    ASSERT(!mVertexDataManager && !mIndexDataManager);
+    mVertexDataManager = new VertexDataManager(this);
+    mIndexDataManager = new IndexDataManager(this, getRendererClass());
+
+    mTranslatedAttribCache.resize(getNativeCaps().maxVertexAttributes);
+
+    mStateManager.initialize();
+}
+
+D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS Renderer9::getDefaultPresentParameters()
+{
+    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS presentParameters = {0};
+
+    // The default swap chain is never actually used. Surface will create a new swap chain with the proper parameters.
+    presentParameters.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_UNKNOWN;
+    presentParameters.BackBufferCount = 1;
+    presentParameters.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_UNKNOWN;
+    presentParameters.BackBufferWidth = 1;
+    presentParameters.BackBufferHeight = 1;
+    presentParameters.EnableAutoDepthStencil = FALSE;
+    presentParameters.Flags = 0;
+    presentParameters.hDeviceWindow = mDeviceWindow;
+    presentParameters.MultiSampleQuality = 0;
+    presentParameters.MultiSampleType = D3DMULTISAMPLE_NONE;
+    presentParameters.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_DEFAULT;
+    presentParameters.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
+    presentParameters.Windowed = TRUE;
+
+    return presentParameters;
+}
+
+egl::ConfigSet Renderer9::generateConfigs()
+{
+    static const GLenum colorBufferFormats[] =
+    {
+        GL_BGR5_A1_ANGLEX,
+        GL_BGRA8_EXT,
+        GL_RGB565,
+
+    };
+
+    static const GLenum depthStencilBufferFormats[] =
+    {
+        GL_NONE,
+        GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT32_OES,
+        GL_DEPTH24_STENCIL8_OES,
+        GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT24_OES,
+        GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT16,
+    };
+
+    const gl::Caps &rendererCaps                  = getNativeCaps();
+    const gl::TextureCapsMap &rendererTextureCaps = getNativeTextureCaps();
+
+    D3DDISPLAYMODE currentDisplayMode;
+    mD3d9->GetAdapterDisplayMode(mAdapter, &currentDisplayMode);
+
+    // Determine the min and max swap intervals
+    int minSwapInterval = 4;
+    int maxSwapInterval = 0;
+
+    if (mDeviceCaps.PresentationIntervals & D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE)
+    {
+        minSwapInterval = std::min(minSwapInterval, 0);
+        maxSwapInterval = std::max(maxSwapInterval, 0);
+    }
+    if (mDeviceCaps.PresentationIntervals & D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_ONE)
+    {
+        minSwapInterval = std::min(minSwapInterval, 1);
+        maxSwapInterval = std::max(maxSwapInterval, 1);
+    }
+    if (mDeviceCaps.PresentationIntervals & D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_TWO)
+    {
+        minSwapInterval = std::min(minSwapInterval, 2);
+        maxSwapInterval = std::max(maxSwapInterval, 2);
+    }
+    if (mDeviceCaps.PresentationIntervals & D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_THREE)
+    {
+        minSwapInterval = std::min(minSwapInterval, 3);
+        maxSwapInterval = std::max(maxSwapInterval, 3);
+    }
+    if (mDeviceCaps.PresentationIntervals & D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_FOUR)
+    {
+        minSwapInterval = std::min(minSwapInterval, 4);
+        maxSwapInterval = std::max(maxSwapInterval, 4);
+    }
+
+    egl::ConfigSet configs;
+    for (size_t formatIndex = 0; formatIndex < ArraySize(colorBufferFormats); formatIndex++)
+    {
+        GLenum colorBufferInternalFormat = colorBufferFormats[formatIndex];
+        const gl::TextureCaps &colorBufferFormatCaps = rendererTextureCaps.get(colorBufferInternalFormat);
+        if (colorBufferFormatCaps.renderable)
+        {
+            for (size_t depthStencilIndex = 0; depthStencilIndex < ArraySize(depthStencilBufferFormats); depthStencilIndex++)
+            {
+                GLenum depthStencilBufferInternalFormat = depthStencilBufferFormats[depthStencilIndex];
+                const gl::TextureCaps &depthStencilBufferFormatCaps = rendererTextureCaps.get(depthStencilBufferInternalFormat);
+                if (depthStencilBufferFormatCaps.renderable || depthStencilBufferInternalFormat == GL_NONE)
+                {
+                    const gl::InternalFormat &colorBufferFormatInfo = gl::GetInternalFormatInfo(colorBufferInternalFormat);
+                    const gl::InternalFormat &depthStencilBufferFormatInfo = gl::GetInternalFormatInfo(depthStencilBufferInternalFormat);
+                    const d3d9::TextureFormat &d3d9ColorBufferFormatInfo = d3d9::GetTextureFormatInfo(colorBufferInternalFormat);
+
+                    egl::Config config;
+                    config.renderTargetFormat = colorBufferInternalFormat;
+                    config.depthStencilFormat = depthStencilBufferInternalFormat;
+                    config.bufferSize = colorBufferFormatInfo.pixelBytes * 8;
+                    config.redSize = colorBufferFormatInfo.redBits;
+                    config.greenSize = colorBufferFormatInfo.greenBits;
+                    config.blueSize = colorBufferFormatInfo.blueBits;
+                    config.luminanceSize = colorBufferFormatInfo.luminanceBits;
+                    config.alphaSize = colorBufferFormatInfo.alphaBits;
+                    config.alphaMaskSize = 0;
+                    config.bindToTextureRGB = (colorBufferFormatInfo.format == GL_RGB);
+                    config.bindToTextureRGBA = (colorBufferFormatInfo.format == GL_RGBA || colorBufferFormatInfo.format == GL_BGRA_EXT);
+                    config.colorBufferType = EGL_RGB_BUFFER;
+                    // Mark as slow if blits to the back-buffer won't be straight forward
+                    config.configCaveat = (currentDisplayMode.Format == d3d9ColorBufferFormatInfo.renderFormat) ? EGL_NONE : EGL_SLOW_CONFIG;
+                    config.configID = static_cast<EGLint>(configs.size() + 1);
+                    config.conformant = EGL_OPENGL_ES2_BIT;
+                    config.depthSize = depthStencilBufferFormatInfo.depthBits;
+                    config.level = 0;
+                    config.matchNativePixmap = EGL_NONE;
+                    config.maxPBufferWidth = rendererCaps.max2DTextureSize;
+                    config.maxPBufferHeight = rendererCaps.max2DTextureSize;
+                    config.maxPBufferPixels = rendererCaps.max2DTextureSize * rendererCaps.max2DTextureSize;
+                    config.maxSwapInterval = maxSwapInterval;
+                    config.minSwapInterval = minSwapInterval;
+                    config.nativeRenderable = EGL_FALSE;
+                    config.nativeVisualID = 0;
+                    config.nativeVisualType = EGL_NONE;
+                    config.renderableType = EGL_OPENGL_ES2_BIT;
+                    config.sampleBuffers = 0; // FIXME: enumerate multi-sampling
+                    config.samples = 0;
+                    config.stencilSize = depthStencilBufferFormatInfo.stencilBits;
+                    config.surfaceType = EGL_PBUFFER_BIT | EGL_WINDOW_BIT | EGL_SWAP_BEHAVIOR_PRESERVED_BIT;
+                    config.transparentType = EGL_NONE;
+                    config.transparentRedValue = 0;
+                    config.transparentGreenValue = 0;
+                    config.transparentBlueValue = 0;
+
+                    configs.add(config);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    ASSERT(configs.size() > 0);
+    return configs;
+}
+
+void Renderer9::generateDisplayExtensions(egl::DisplayExtensions *outExtensions) const
+{
+    outExtensions->createContextRobustness = true;
+
+    if (getShareHandleSupport())
+    {
+        outExtensions->d3dShareHandleClientBuffer     = true;
+        outExtensions->surfaceD3DTexture2DShareHandle = true;
+    }
+    outExtensions->d3dTextureClientBuffer = true;
+
+    outExtensions->querySurfacePointer = true;
+    outExtensions->windowFixedSize     = true;
+    outExtensions->postSubBuffer       = true;
+    outExtensions->deviceQuery         = true;
+
+    outExtensions->image               = true;
+    outExtensions->imageBase           = true;
+    outExtensions->glTexture2DImage    = true;
+    outExtensions->glRenderbufferImage = true;
+
+    outExtensions->flexibleSurfaceCompatibility = true;
+}
+
+void Renderer9::startScene()
+{
+    if (!mSceneStarted)
+    {
+        long result = mDevice->BeginScene();
+        if (SUCCEEDED(result)) {
+            // This is defensive checking against the device being
+            // lost at unexpected times.
+            mSceneStarted = true;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void Renderer9::endScene()
+{
+    if (mSceneStarted)
+    {
+        // EndScene can fail if the device was lost, for example due
+        // to a TDR during a draw call.
+        mDevice->EndScene();
+        mSceneStarted = false;
+    }
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::flush()
+{
+    IDirect3DQuery9* query = NULL;
+    gl::Error error = allocateEventQuery(&query);
+    if (error.isError())
+    {
+        return error;
+    }
+
+    HRESULT result = query->Issue(D3DISSUE_END);
+    if (FAILED(result))
+    {
+        ASSERT(result == D3DERR_OUTOFVIDEOMEMORY || result == E_OUTOFMEMORY);
+        return gl::Error(GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY, "Failed to issue event query, result: 0x%X.", result);
+    }
+
+    // Grab the query data once
+    result = query->GetData(NULL, 0, D3DGETDATA_FLUSH);
+    freeEventQuery(query);
+    if (FAILED(result))
+    {
+        if (d3d9::isDeviceLostError(result))
+        {
+            notifyDeviceLost();
+        }
+
+        return gl::Error(GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY, "Failed to get event query data, result: 0x%X.", result);
+    }
+
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::finish()
+{
+    IDirect3DQuery9* query = NULL;
+    gl::Error error = allocateEventQuery(&query);
+    if (error.isError())
+    {
+        return error;
+    }
+
+    HRESULT result = query->Issue(D3DISSUE_END);
+    if (FAILED(result))
+    {
+        ASSERT(result == D3DERR_OUTOFVIDEOMEMORY || result == E_OUTOFMEMORY);
+        return gl::Error(GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY, "Failed to issue event query, result: 0x%X.", result);
+    }
+
+    // Grab the query data once
+    result = query->GetData(NULL, 0, D3DGETDATA_FLUSH);
+    if (FAILED(result))
+    {
+        if (d3d9::isDeviceLostError(result))
+        {
+            notifyDeviceLost();
+        }
+
+        freeEventQuery(query);
+        return gl::Error(GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY, "Failed to get event query data, result: 0x%X.", result);
+    }
+
+    // Loop until the query completes
+    while (result == S_FALSE)
+    {
+        // Keep polling, but allow other threads to do something useful first
+        ScheduleYield();
+
+        result = query->GetData(NULL, 0, D3DGETDATA_FLUSH);
+
+        // explicitly check for device loss
+        // some drivers seem to return S_FALSE even if the device is lost
+        // instead of D3DERR_DEVICELOST like they should
+        if (result == S_FALSE && testDeviceLost())
+        {
+            result = D3DERR_DEVICELOST;
+        }
+
+        if (FAILED(result))
+        {
+            if (d3d9::isDeviceLostError(result))
+            {
+                notifyDeviceLost();
+            }
+
+            freeEventQuery(query);
+            return gl::Error(GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY, "Failed to get event query data, result: 0x%X.", result);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    freeEventQuery(query);
+
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+bool Renderer9::isValidNativeWindow(EGLNativeWindowType window) const
+{
+    return NativeWindow9::IsValidNativeWindow(window);
+}
+
+NativeWindowD3D *Renderer9::createNativeWindow(EGLNativeWindowType window,
+                                               const egl::Config *,
+                                               const egl::AttributeMap &) const
+{
+    return new NativeWindow9(window);
+}
+
+SwapChainD3D *Renderer9::createSwapChain(NativeWindowD3D *nativeWindow,
+                                         HANDLE shareHandle,
+                                         IUnknown *d3dTexture,
+                                         GLenum backBufferFormat,
+                                         GLenum depthBufferFormat,
+                                         EGLint orientation)
+{
+    return new SwapChain9(this, GetAs<NativeWindow9>(nativeWindow), shareHandle, d3dTexture,
+                          backBufferFormat, depthBufferFormat, orientation);
+}
+
+egl::Error Renderer9::getD3DTextureInfo(IUnknown *d3dTexture,
+                                        EGLint *width,
+                                        EGLint *height,
+                                        GLenum *fboFormat) const
+{
+    IDirect3DTexture9 *texture = nullptr;
+    if (FAILED(d3dTexture->QueryInterface(&texture)))
+    {
+        return egl::Error(EGL_BAD_PARAMETER, "client buffer is not a IDirect3DTexture9");
+    }
+
+    IDirect3DDevice9 *textureDevice = nullptr;
+    texture->GetDevice(&textureDevice);
+    if (textureDevice != mDevice)
+    {
+        SafeRelease(texture);
+        return egl::Error(EGL_BAD_PARAMETER, "Texture's device does not match.");
+    }
+    SafeRelease(textureDevice);
+
+    D3DSURFACE_DESC desc;
+    texture->GetLevelDesc(0, &desc);
+    SafeRelease(texture);
+
+    if (width)
+    {
+        *width = static_cast<EGLint>(desc.Width);
+    }
+    if (height)
+    {
+        *height = static_cast<EGLint>(desc.Height);
+    }
+
+    // From table egl.restrictions in EGL_ANGLE_d3d_texture_client_buffer.
+    switch (desc.Format)
+    {
+        case D3DFMT_R8G8B8:
+        case D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8:
+        case D3DFMT_A16B16G16R16F:
+        case D3DFMT_A32B32G32R32F:
+            break;
+
+        default:
+            return egl::Error(EGL_BAD_PARAMETER, "Unknown client buffer texture format: %u.",
+                              desc.Format);
+    }
+
+    if (fboFormat)
+    {
+        const auto &d3dFormatInfo = d3d9::GetD3DFormatInfo(desc.Format);
+        ASSERT(d3dFormatInfo.info().id != angle::Format::ID::NONE);
+        *fboFormat = d3dFormatInfo.info().fboImplementationInternalFormat;
+    }
+
+    return egl::Error(EGL_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+egl::Error Renderer9::validateShareHandle(const egl::Config *config,
+                                          HANDLE shareHandle,
+                                          const egl::AttributeMap &attribs) const
+{
+    if (shareHandle == nullptr)
+    {
+        return egl::Error(EGL_BAD_PARAMETER, "NULL share handle.");
+    }
+
+    EGLint width  = attribs.getAsInt(EGL_WIDTH, 0);
+    EGLint height = attribs.getAsInt(EGL_HEIGHT, 0);
+    ASSERT(width != 0 && height != 0);
+
+    const d3d9::TextureFormat &backBufferd3dFormatInfo =
+        d3d9::GetTextureFormatInfo(config->renderTargetFormat);
+
+    IDirect3DTexture9 *texture = nullptr;
+    HRESULT result             = mDevice->CreateTexture(width, height, 1, D3DUSAGE_RENDERTARGET,
+                                            backBufferd3dFormatInfo.texFormat, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT,
+                                            &texture, &shareHandle);
+    if (FAILED(result))
+    {
+        return egl::Error(EGL_BAD_PARAMETER, "Failed to open share handle, result: 0x%X.", result);
+    }
+
+    DWORD levelCount = texture->GetLevelCount();
+
+    D3DSURFACE_DESC desc;
+    texture->GetLevelDesc(0, &desc);
+    SafeRelease(texture);
+
+    if (levelCount != 1 || desc.Width != static_cast<UINT>(width) ||
+        desc.Height != static_cast<UINT>(height) ||
+        desc.Format != backBufferd3dFormatInfo.texFormat)
+    {
+        return egl::Error(EGL_BAD_PARAMETER, "Invalid texture parameters in share handle texture.");
+    }
+
+    return egl::Error(EGL_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+ContextImpl *Renderer9::createContext(const gl::ContextState &state)
+{
+    return new Context9(state, this);
+}
+
+void *Renderer9::getD3DDevice()
+{
+    return reinterpret_cast<void*>(mDevice);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::allocateEventQuery(IDirect3DQuery9 **outQuery)
+{
+    if (mEventQueryPool.empty())
+    {
+        HRESULT result = mDevice->CreateQuery(D3DQUERYTYPE_EVENT, outQuery);
+        if (FAILED(result))
+        {
+            ASSERT(result == D3DERR_OUTOFVIDEOMEMORY || result == E_OUTOFMEMORY);
+            return gl::Error(GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY, "Failed to allocate event query, result: 0x%X.", result);
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        *outQuery = mEventQueryPool.back();
+        mEventQueryPool.pop_back();
+    }
+
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+void Renderer9::freeEventQuery(IDirect3DQuery9* query)
+{
+    if (mEventQueryPool.size() > 1000)
+    {
+        SafeRelease(query);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        mEventQueryPool.push_back(query);
+    }
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::createVertexShader(const DWORD *function, size_t length, IDirect3DVertexShader9 **outShader)
+{
+    return mVertexShaderCache.create(function, length, outShader);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::createPixelShader(const DWORD *function, size_t length, IDirect3DPixelShader9 **outShader)
+{
+    return mPixelShaderCache.create(function, length, outShader);
+}
+
+HRESULT Renderer9::createVertexBuffer(UINT Length, DWORD Usage, IDirect3DVertexBuffer9 **ppVertexBuffer)
+{
+    D3DPOOL Pool = getBufferPool(Usage);
+    return mDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(Length, Usage, 0, Pool, ppVertexBuffer, NULL);
+}
+
+VertexBuffer *Renderer9::createVertexBuffer()
+{
+    return new VertexBuffer9(this);
+}
+
+HRESULT Renderer9::createIndexBuffer(UINT Length, DWORD Usage, D3DFORMAT Format, IDirect3DIndexBuffer9 **ppIndexBuffer)
+{
+    D3DPOOL Pool = getBufferPool(Usage);
+    return mDevice->CreateIndexBuffer(Length, Usage, Format, Pool, ppIndexBuffer, NULL);
+}
+
+IndexBuffer *Renderer9::createIndexBuffer()
+{
+    return new IndexBuffer9(this);
+}
+
+StreamProducerImpl *Renderer9::createStreamProducerD3DTextureNV12(
+    egl::Stream::ConsumerType consumerType,
+    const egl::AttributeMap &attribs)
+{
+    // Streams are not supported under D3D9
+    UNREACHABLE();
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+bool Renderer9::supportsFastCopyBufferToTexture(GLenum internalFormat) const
+{
+    // Pixel buffer objects are not supported in D3D9, since D3D9 is ES2-only and PBOs are ES3.
+    return false;
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::fastCopyBufferToTexture(const gl::PixelUnpackState &unpack, unsigned int offset, RenderTargetD3D *destRenderTarget,
+                                             GLenum destinationFormat, GLenum sourcePixelsType, const gl::Box &destArea)
+{
+    // Pixel buffer objects are not supported in D3D9, since D3D9 is ES2-only and PBOs are ES3.
+    UNREACHABLE();
+    return gl::Error(GL_INVALID_OPERATION);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::setSamplerState(gl::SamplerType type, int index, gl::Texture *texture, const gl::SamplerState &samplerState)
+{
+    CurSamplerState &appliedSampler = (type == gl::SAMPLER_PIXEL) ? mCurPixelSamplerStates[index]
+                                                                  : mCurVertexSamplerStates[index];
+
+    // Make sure to add the level offset for our tiny compressed texture workaround
+    TextureD3D *textureD3D = GetImplAs<TextureD3D>(texture);
+
+    TextureStorage *storage = nullptr;
+    gl::Error error = textureD3D->getNativeTexture(&storage);
+    if (error.isError())
+    {
+        return error;
+    }
+
+    // Storage should exist, texture should be complete
+    ASSERT(storage);
+
+    DWORD baseLevel = texture->getBaseLevel() + storage->getTopLevel();
+
+    if (appliedSampler.forceSet || appliedSampler.baseLevel != baseLevel ||
+        memcmp(&samplerState, &appliedSampler, sizeof(gl::SamplerState)) != 0)
+    {
+        int d3dSamplerOffset = (type == gl::SAMPLER_PIXEL) ? 0 : D3DVERTEXTEXTURESAMPLER0;
+        int d3dSampler = index + d3dSamplerOffset;
+
+        mDevice->SetSamplerState(d3dSampler, D3DSAMP_ADDRESSU, gl_d3d9::ConvertTextureWrap(samplerState.wrapS));
+        mDevice->SetSamplerState(d3dSampler, D3DSAMP_ADDRESSV, gl_d3d9::ConvertTextureWrap(samplerState.wrapT));
+
+        mDevice->SetSamplerState(d3dSampler, D3DSAMP_MAGFILTER, gl_d3d9::ConvertMagFilter(samplerState.magFilter, samplerState.maxAnisotropy));
+
+        D3DTEXTUREFILTERTYPE d3dMinFilter, d3dMipFilter;
+        float lodBias;
+        gl_d3d9::ConvertMinFilter(samplerState.minFilter, &d3dMinFilter, &d3dMipFilter, &lodBias,
+                                  samplerState.maxAnisotropy, baseLevel);
+        mDevice->SetSamplerState(d3dSampler, D3DSAMP_MINFILTER, d3dMinFilter);
+        mDevice->SetSamplerState(d3dSampler, D3DSAMP_MIPFILTER, d3dMipFilter);
+        mDevice->SetSamplerState(d3dSampler, D3DSAMP_MAXMIPLEVEL, baseLevel);
+        mDevice->SetSamplerState(d3dSampler, D3DSAMP_MIPMAPLODBIAS, static_cast<DWORD>(lodBias));
+        if (getNativeExtensions().textureFilterAnisotropic)
+        {
+            DWORD maxAnisotropy =
+                std::min(mDeviceCaps.MaxAnisotropy, static_cast<DWORD>(samplerState.maxAnisotropy));
+            mDevice->SetSamplerState(d3dSampler, D3DSAMP_MAXANISOTROPY, maxAnisotropy);
+        }
+    }
+
+    appliedSampler.forceSet = false;
+    appliedSampler.samplerState = samplerState;
+    appliedSampler.baseLevel = baseLevel;
+
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::setTexture(gl::SamplerType type, int index, gl::Texture *texture)
+{
+    int d3dSamplerOffset = (type == gl::SAMPLER_PIXEL) ? 0 : D3DVERTEXTEXTURESAMPLER0;
+    int d3dSampler = index + d3dSamplerOffset;
+    IDirect3DBaseTexture9 *d3dTexture = NULL;
+    bool forceSetTexture = false;
+
+    std::vector<uintptr_t> &appliedTextures = (type == gl::SAMPLER_PIXEL) ? mCurPixelTextures : mCurVertexTextures;
+
+    if (texture)
+    {
+        TextureD3D *textureImpl = GetImplAs<TextureD3D>(texture);
+
+        TextureStorage *texStorage = nullptr;
+        gl::Error error = textureImpl->getNativeTexture(&texStorage);
+        if (error.isError())
+        {
+            return error;
+        }
+
+        // Texture should be complete and have a storage
+        ASSERT(texStorage);
+
+        TextureStorage9 *storage9 = GetAs<TextureStorage9>(texStorage);
+        error = storage9->getBaseTexture(&d3dTexture);
+        if (error.isError())
+        {
+            return error;
+        }
+
+        // If we get NULL back from getBaseTexture here, something went wrong
+        // in the texture class and we're unexpectedly missing the d3d texture
+        ASSERT(d3dTexture != NULL);
+
+        forceSetTexture = textureImpl->hasDirtyImages();
+        textureImpl->resetDirty();
+    }
+
+    if (forceSetTexture || appliedTextures[index] != reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(d3dTexture))
+    {
+        mDevice->SetTexture(d3dSampler, d3dTexture);
+    }
+
+    appliedTextures[index] = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(d3dTexture);
+
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::setUniformBuffers(const gl::ContextState & /*data*/,
+                                       const std::vector<GLint> & /*vertexUniformBuffers*/,
+                                       const std::vector<GLint> & /*fragmentUniformBuffers*/)
+{
+    // No effect in ES2/D3D9
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::updateState(Context9 *context, GLenum drawMode)
+{
+    const auto &data = context->getContextState();
+    const auto &glState = data.getState();
+
+    // Applies the render target surface, depth stencil surface, viewport rectangle and
+    // scissor rectangle to the renderer
+    gl::Framebuffer *framebuffer = glState.getDrawFramebuffer();
+    ASSERT(framebuffer && !framebuffer->hasAnyDirtyBit() && framebuffer->complete(data));
+
+    ANGLE_TRY(applyRenderTarget(context, framebuffer));
+
+    // Setting viewport state
+    setViewport(glState.getViewport(), glState.getNearPlane(), glState.getFarPlane(), drawMode,
+                glState.getRasterizerState().frontFace, false);
+
+    // Setting scissors state
+    setScissorRectangle(glState.getScissor(), glState.isScissorTestEnabled());
+
+    // Setting blend, depth stencil, and rasterizer states
+    // Since framebuffer->getSamples will return the original samples which may be different with
+    // the sample counts that we set in render target view, here we use renderTarget->getSamples to
+    // get the actual samples.
+    GLsizei samples           = 0;
+    auto firstColorAttachment = framebuffer->getFirstColorbuffer();
+    if (firstColorAttachment)
+    {
+        ASSERT(firstColorAttachment->isAttached());
+        RenderTarget9 *renderTarget = nullptr;
+        ANGLE_TRY(firstColorAttachment->getRenderTarget(&renderTarget));
+        samples = renderTarget->getSamples();
+    }
+    gl::RasterizerState rasterizer = glState.getRasterizerState();
+    rasterizer.pointDrawMode       = (drawMode == GL_POINTS);
+    rasterizer.multiSample         = (samples != 0);
+
+    unsigned int mask = GetBlendSampleMask(data, samples);
+    ANGLE_TRY(setBlendDepthRasterStates(data, mask));
+
+    mStateManager.resetDirtyBits();
+
+    return gl::NoError();
+}
+
+void Renderer9::setScissorRectangle(const gl::Rectangle &scissor, bool enabled)
+{
+    mStateManager.setScissorState(scissor, enabled);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::setBlendDepthRasterStates(const gl::ContextState &glData, GLenum drawMode)
+{
+    const auto &glState  = glData.getState();
+    auto drawFramebuffer = glState.getDrawFramebuffer();
+    ASSERT(!drawFramebuffer->hasAnyDirtyBit());
+    // Since framebuffer->getSamples will return the original samples which may be different with
+    // the sample counts that we set in render target view, here we use renderTarget->getSamples to
+    // get the actual samples.
+    GLsizei samples           = 0;
+    auto firstColorAttachment = drawFramebuffer->getFirstColorbuffer();
+    if (firstColorAttachment)
+    {
+        ASSERT(firstColorAttachment->isAttached());
+        RenderTarget9 *renderTarget = nullptr;
+        ANGLE_TRY(firstColorAttachment->getRenderTarget(&renderTarget));
+        samples = renderTarget->getSamples();
+    }
+    gl::RasterizerState rasterizer = glState.getRasterizerState();
+    rasterizer.pointDrawMode       = (drawMode == GL_POINTS);
+    rasterizer.multiSample         = (samples != 0);
+
+    unsigned int mask = GetBlendSampleMask(glData, samples);
+    return mStateManager.setBlendDepthRasterStates(glState, mask);
+}
+
+void Renderer9::setViewport(const gl::Rectangle &viewport,
+                            float zNear,
+                            float zFar,
+                            GLenum drawMode,
+                            GLenum frontFace,
+                            bool ignoreViewport)
+{
+    mStateManager.setViewportState(viewport, zNear, zFar, drawMode, frontFace, ignoreViewport);
+}
+
+bool Renderer9::applyPrimitiveType(GLenum mode, GLsizei count, bool usesPointSize)
+{
+    switch (mode)
+    {
+      case GL_POINTS:
+        mPrimitiveType = D3DPT_POINTLIST;
+        mPrimitiveCount = count;
+        break;
+      case GL_LINES:
+        mPrimitiveType = D3DPT_LINELIST;
+        mPrimitiveCount = count / 2;
+        break;
+      case GL_LINE_LOOP:
+        mPrimitiveType = D3DPT_LINESTRIP;
+        mPrimitiveCount = count - 1;   // D3D doesn't support line loops, so we draw the last line separately
+        break;
+      case GL_LINE_STRIP:
+        mPrimitiveType = D3DPT_LINESTRIP;
+        mPrimitiveCount = count - 1;
+        break;
+      case GL_TRIANGLES:
+        mPrimitiveType = D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST;
+        mPrimitiveCount = count / 3;
+        break;
+      case GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP:
+        mPrimitiveType = D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP;
+        mPrimitiveCount = count - 2;
+        break;
+      case GL_TRIANGLE_FAN:
+        mPrimitiveType = D3DPT_TRIANGLEFAN;
+        mPrimitiveCount = count - 2;
+        break;
+      default:
+        UNREACHABLE();
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return mPrimitiveCount > 0;
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::getNullColorbuffer(GLImplFactory *implFactory,
+                                        const gl::FramebufferAttachment *depthbuffer,
+                                        const gl::FramebufferAttachment **outColorBuffer)
+{
+    ASSERT(depthbuffer);
+
+    const gl::Extents &size = depthbuffer->getSize();
+
+    // search cached nullcolorbuffers
+    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_NULL_COLORBUFFER_CACHE_ENTRIES; i++)
+    {
+        if (mNullColorbufferCache[i].buffer != NULL &&
+            mNullColorbufferCache[i].width == size.width &&
+            mNullColorbufferCache[i].height == size.height)
+        {
+            mNullColorbufferCache[i].lruCount = ++mMaxNullColorbufferLRU;
+            *outColorBuffer = mNullColorbufferCache[i].buffer;
+            return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+        }
+    }
+
+    gl::Renderbuffer *nullRenderbuffer = new gl::Renderbuffer(implFactory->createRenderbuffer(), 0);
+    gl::Error error = nullRenderbuffer->setStorage(GL_NONE, size.width, size.height);
+    if (error.isError())
+    {
+        SafeDelete(nullRenderbuffer);
+        return error;
+    }
+
+    gl::FramebufferAttachment *nullbuffer = new gl::FramebufferAttachment(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_NONE, gl::ImageIndex::MakeInvalid(), nullRenderbuffer);
+
+    // add nullbuffer to the cache
+    NullColorbufferCacheEntry *oldest = &mNullColorbufferCache[0];
+    for (int i = 1; i < NUM_NULL_COLORBUFFER_CACHE_ENTRIES; i++)
+    {
+        if (mNullColorbufferCache[i].lruCount < oldest->lruCount)
+        {
+            oldest = &mNullColorbufferCache[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    delete oldest->buffer;
+    oldest->buffer = nullbuffer;
+    oldest->lruCount = ++mMaxNullColorbufferLRU;
+    oldest->width    = size.width;
+    oldest->height   = size.height;
+
+    *outColorBuffer = nullbuffer;
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::applyRenderTarget(GLImplFactory *implFactory,
+                                       const gl::FramebufferAttachment *colorAttachment,
+                                       const gl::FramebufferAttachment *depthStencilAttachment)
+{
+    const gl::FramebufferAttachment *renderAttachment = colorAttachment;
+    gl::Error error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+
+    // if there is no color attachment we must synthesize a NULL colorattachment
+    // to keep the D3D runtime happy.  This should only be possible if depth texturing.
+    if (renderAttachment == nullptr)
+    {
+        error = getNullColorbuffer(implFactory, depthStencilAttachment, &renderAttachment);
+        if (error.isError())
+        {
+            return error;
+        }
+    }
+    ASSERT(renderAttachment != nullptr);
+
+    size_t renderTargetWidth = 0;
+    size_t renderTargetHeight = 0;
+    D3DFORMAT renderTargetFormat = D3DFMT_UNKNOWN;
+
+    RenderTarget9 *renderTarget = nullptr;
+    error = renderAttachment->getRenderTarget(&renderTarget);
+    if (error.isError())
+    {
+        return error;
+    }
+    ASSERT(renderTarget);
+
+    bool renderTargetChanged = false;
+    unsigned int renderTargetSerial = renderTarget->getSerial();
+    if (renderTargetSerial != mAppliedRenderTargetSerial)
+    {
+        // Apply the render target on the device
+        IDirect3DSurface9 *renderTargetSurface = renderTarget->getSurface();
+        ASSERT(renderTargetSurface);
+
+        mDevice->SetRenderTarget(0, renderTargetSurface);
+        SafeRelease(renderTargetSurface);
+
+        renderTargetWidth = renderTarget->getWidth();
+        renderTargetHeight = renderTarget->getHeight();
+        renderTargetFormat = renderTarget->getD3DFormat();
+
+        mAppliedRenderTargetSerial = renderTargetSerial;
+        renderTargetChanged = true;
+    }
+
+    RenderTarget9 *depthStencilRenderTarget = nullptr;
+    unsigned int depthStencilSerial = 0;
+
+    if (depthStencilAttachment != nullptr)
+    {
+        error = depthStencilAttachment->getRenderTarget(&depthStencilRenderTarget);
+        if (error.isError())
+        {
+            return error;
+        }
+        ASSERT(depthStencilRenderTarget);
+
+        depthStencilSerial = depthStencilRenderTarget->getSerial();
+    }
+
+    if (depthStencilSerial != mAppliedDepthStencilSerial || !mDepthStencilInitialized)
+    {
+        unsigned int depthSize = 0;
+        unsigned int stencilSize = 0;
+
+        // Apply the depth stencil on the device
+        if (depthStencilRenderTarget)
+        {
+            IDirect3DSurface9 *depthStencilSurface = depthStencilRenderTarget->getSurface();
+            ASSERT(depthStencilSurface);
+
+            mDevice->SetDepthStencilSurface(depthStencilSurface);
+            SafeRelease(depthStencilSurface);
+
+            depthSize = depthStencilAttachment->getDepthSize();
+            stencilSize = depthStencilAttachment->getStencilSize();
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            mDevice->SetDepthStencilSurface(NULL);
+        }
+
+        mStateManager.updateDepthSizeIfChanged(mDepthStencilInitialized, depthSize);
+        mStateManager.updateStencilSizeIfChanged(mDepthStencilInitialized, stencilSize);
+
+        mAppliedDepthStencilSerial = depthStencilSerial;
+        mDepthStencilInitialized = true;
+    }
+
+    if (renderTargetChanged || !mRenderTargetDescInitialized)
+    {
+        mStateManager.forceSetBlendState();
+        mStateManager.forceSetScissorState();
+        mStateManager.setRenderTargetBounds(renderTargetWidth, renderTargetHeight);
+        mRenderTargetDescInitialized = true;
+    }
+
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::applyRenderTarget(GLImplFactory *implFactory,
+                                       const gl::Framebuffer *framebuffer)
+{
+    return applyRenderTarget(implFactory, framebuffer->getColorbuffer(0),
+                             framebuffer->getDepthOrStencilbuffer());
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::applyVertexBuffer(const gl::State &state,
+                                       GLenum mode,
+                                       GLint first,
+                                       GLsizei count,
+                                       GLsizei instances,
+                                       TranslatedIndexData * /*indexInfo*/)
+{
+    gl::Error error = mVertexDataManager->prepareVertexData(state, first, count, &mTranslatedAttribCache, instances);
+    if (error.isError())
+    {
+        return error;
+    }
+
+    return mVertexDeclarationCache.applyDeclaration(
+        mDevice, mTranslatedAttribCache, state.getProgram(), first, instances, &mRepeatDraw);
+}
+
+// Applies the indices and element array bindings to the Direct3D 9 device
+gl::Error Renderer9::applyIndexBuffer(const gl::ContextState &data,
+                                      const GLvoid *indices,
+                                      GLsizei count,
+                                      GLenum mode,
+                                      GLenum type,
+                                      TranslatedIndexData *indexInfo)
+{
+    gl::VertexArray *vao           = data.getState().getVertexArray();
+    gl::Buffer *elementArrayBuffer = vao->getElementArrayBuffer().get();
+    gl::Error error = mIndexDataManager->prepareIndexData(type, count, elementArrayBuffer, indices,
+                                                          indexInfo, false);
+    if (error.isError())
+    {
+        return error;
+    }
+
+    // Directly binding the storage buffer is not supported for d3d9
+    ASSERT(indexInfo->storage == NULL);
+
+    if (indexInfo->serial != mAppliedIBSerial)
+    {
+        IndexBuffer9* indexBuffer = GetAs<IndexBuffer9>(indexInfo->indexBuffer);
+
+        mDevice->SetIndices(indexBuffer->getBuffer());
+        mAppliedIBSerial = indexInfo->serial;
+    }
+
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::applyTransformFeedbackBuffers(const gl::State &state)
+{
+    ASSERT(!state.isTransformFeedbackActiveUnpaused());
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::drawArraysImpl(const gl::ContextState &data,
+                                    GLenum mode,
+                                    GLint startVertex,
+                                    GLsizei count,
+                                    GLsizei instances)
+{
+    ASSERT(!data.getState().isTransformFeedbackActiveUnpaused());
+
+    startScene();
+
+    if (mode == GL_LINE_LOOP)
+    {
+        return drawLineLoop(count, GL_NONE, NULL, 0, NULL);
+    }
+    else if (instances > 0)
+    {
+        StaticIndexBufferInterface *countingIB = NULL;
+        gl::Error error = getCountingIB(count, &countingIB);
+        if (error.isError())
+        {
+            return error;
+        }
+
+        if (mAppliedIBSerial != countingIB->getSerial())
+        {
+            IndexBuffer9 *indexBuffer = GetAs<IndexBuffer9>(countingIB->getIndexBuffer());
+
+            mDevice->SetIndices(indexBuffer->getBuffer());
+            mAppliedIBSerial = countingIB->getSerial();
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < mRepeatDraw; i++)
+        {
+            mDevice->DrawIndexedPrimitive(mPrimitiveType, 0, 0, count, 0, mPrimitiveCount);
+        }
+
+        return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+    }
+    else   // Regular case
+    {
+        mDevice->DrawPrimitive(mPrimitiveType, 0, mPrimitiveCount);
+        return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+    }
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::drawElementsImpl(const gl::ContextState &data,
+                                      const TranslatedIndexData &indexInfo,
+                                      GLenum mode,
+                                      GLsizei count,
+                                      GLenum type,
+                                      const GLvoid *indices,
+                                      GLsizei /*instances*/)
+{
+    startScene();
+
+    int minIndex = static_cast<int>(indexInfo.indexRange.start);
+
+    gl::VertexArray *vao           = data.getState().getVertexArray();
+    gl::Buffer *elementArrayBuffer = vao->getElementArrayBuffer().get();
+
+    if (mode == GL_POINTS)
+    {
+        return drawIndexedPoints(count, type, indices, minIndex, elementArrayBuffer);
+    }
+    else if (mode == GL_LINE_LOOP)
+    {
+        return drawLineLoop(count, type, indices, minIndex, elementArrayBuffer);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        size_t vertexCount = indexInfo.indexRange.vertexCount();
+        for (int i = 0; i < mRepeatDraw; i++)
+        {
+            mDevice->DrawIndexedPrimitive(mPrimitiveType, -minIndex, minIndex,
+                                          static_cast<UINT>(vertexCount), indexInfo.startIndex,
+                                          mPrimitiveCount);
+        }
+        return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+    }
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::drawLineLoop(GLsizei count, GLenum type, const GLvoid *indices, int minIndex, gl::Buffer *elementArrayBuffer)
+{
+    // Get the raw indices for an indexed draw
+    if (type != GL_NONE && elementArrayBuffer)
+    {
+        BufferD3D *storage = GetImplAs<BufferD3D>(elementArrayBuffer);
+        intptr_t offset = reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(indices);
+        const uint8_t *bufferData = NULL;
+        gl::Error error = storage->getData(&bufferData);
+        if (error.isError())
+        {
+            return error;
+        }
+        indices = bufferData + offset;
+    }
+
+    unsigned int startIndex = 0;
+
+    if (getNativeExtensions().elementIndexUint)
+    {
+        if (!mLineLoopIB)
+        {
+            mLineLoopIB = new StreamingIndexBufferInterface(this);
+            gl::Error error = mLineLoopIB->reserveBufferSpace(INITIAL_INDEX_BUFFER_SIZE, GL_UNSIGNED_INT);
+            if (error.isError())
+            {
+                SafeDelete(mLineLoopIB);
+                return error;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Checked by Renderer9::applyPrimitiveType
+        ASSERT(count >= 0);
+
+        if (static_cast<unsigned int>(count) + 1 > (std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max() / sizeof(unsigned int)))
+        {
+            return gl::Error(GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY, "Failed to create a 32-bit looping index buffer for GL_LINE_LOOP, too many indices required.");
+        }
+
+        const unsigned int spaceNeeded = (static_cast<unsigned int>(count)+1) * sizeof(unsigned int);
+        gl::Error error = mLineLoopIB->reserveBufferSpace(spaceNeeded, GL_UNSIGNED_INT);
+        if (error.isError())
+        {
+            return error;
+        }
+
+        void* mappedMemory = NULL;
+        unsigned int offset = 0;
+        error = mLineLoopIB->mapBuffer(spaceNeeded, &mappedMemory, &offset);
+        if (error.isError())
+        {
+            return error;
+        }
+
+        startIndex = static_cast<unsigned int>(offset) / 4;
+        unsigned int *data = reinterpret_cast<unsigned int*>(mappedMemory);
+
+        switch (type)
+        {
+          case GL_NONE:   // Non-indexed draw
+            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            {
+                data[i] = i;
+            }
+            data[count] = 0;
+            break;
+          case GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE:
+            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            {
+                data[i] = static_cast<const GLubyte*>(indices)[i];
+            }
+            data[count] = static_cast<const GLubyte*>(indices)[0];
+            break;
+          case GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT:
+            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            {
+                data[i] = static_cast<const GLushort*>(indices)[i];
+            }
+            data[count] = static_cast<const GLushort*>(indices)[0];
+            break;
+          case GL_UNSIGNED_INT:
+            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            {
+                data[i] = static_cast<const GLuint*>(indices)[i];
+            }
+            data[count] = static_cast<const GLuint*>(indices)[0];
+            break;
+          default: UNREACHABLE();
+        }
+
+        error = mLineLoopIB->unmapBuffer();
+        if (error.isError())
+        {
+            return error;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if (!mLineLoopIB)
+        {
+            mLineLoopIB = new StreamingIndexBufferInterface(this);
+            gl::Error error = mLineLoopIB->reserveBufferSpace(INITIAL_INDEX_BUFFER_SIZE, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT);
+            if (error.isError())
+            {
+                SafeDelete(mLineLoopIB);
+                return error;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Checked by Renderer9::applyPrimitiveType
+        ASSERT(count >= 0);
+
+        if (static_cast<unsigned int>(count) + 1 > (std::numeric_limits<unsigned short>::max() / sizeof(unsigned short)))
+        {
+            return gl::Error(GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY, "Failed to create a 16-bit looping index buffer for GL_LINE_LOOP, too many indices required.");
+        }
+
+        const unsigned int spaceNeeded = (static_cast<unsigned int>(count) + 1) * sizeof(unsigned short);
+        gl::Error error = mLineLoopIB->reserveBufferSpace(spaceNeeded, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT);
+        if (error.isError())
+        {
+            return error;
+        }
+
+        void* mappedMemory = NULL;
+        unsigned int offset;
+        error = mLineLoopIB->mapBuffer(spaceNeeded, &mappedMemory, &offset);
+        if (error.isError())
+        {
+            return error;
+        }
+
+        startIndex = static_cast<unsigned int>(offset) / 2;
+        unsigned short *data = reinterpret_cast<unsigned short*>(mappedMemory);
+
+        switch (type)
+        {
+          case GL_NONE:   // Non-indexed draw
+            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            {
+                data[i] = static_cast<unsigned short>(i);
+            }
+            data[count] = 0;
+            break;
+          case GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE:
+            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            {
+                data[i] = static_cast<const GLubyte*>(indices)[i];
+            }
+            data[count] = static_cast<const GLubyte*>(indices)[0];
+            break;
+          case GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT:
+            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            {
+                data[i] = static_cast<const GLushort*>(indices)[i];
+            }
+            data[count] = static_cast<const GLushort*>(indices)[0];
+            break;
+          case GL_UNSIGNED_INT:
+            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            {
+                data[i] = static_cast<unsigned short>(static_cast<const GLuint*>(indices)[i]);
+            }
+            data[count] = static_cast<unsigned short>(static_cast<const GLuint*>(indices)[0]);
+            break;
+          default: UNREACHABLE();
+        }
+
+        error = mLineLoopIB->unmapBuffer();
+        if (error.isError())
+        {
+            return error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (mAppliedIBSerial != mLineLoopIB->getSerial())
+    {
+        IndexBuffer9 *indexBuffer = GetAs<IndexBuffer9>(mLineLoopIB->getIndexBuffer());
+
+        mDevice->SetIndices(indexBuffer->getBuffer());
+        mAppliedIBSerial = mLineLoopIB->getSerial();
+    }
+
+    mDevice->DrawIndexedPrimitive(D3DPT_LINESTRIP, -minIndex, minIndex, count, startIndex, count);
+
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+static gl::Error drawPoints(IDirect3DDevice9* device, GLsizei count, const GLvoid *indices, int minIndex)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+    {
+        unsigned int indexValue = static_cast<unsigned int>(static_cast<const T*>(indices)[i]) - minIndex;
+        device->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_POINTLIST, indexValue, 1);
+    }
+
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::drawIndexedPoints(GLsizei count, GLenum type, const GLvoid *indices, int minIndex, gl::Buffer *elementArrayBuffer)
+{
+    // Drawing index point lists is unsupported in d3d9, fall back to a regular DrawPrimitive call
+    // for each individual point. This call is not expected to happen often.
+
+    if (elementArrayBuffer)
+    {
+        BufferD3D *storage = GetImplAs<BufferD3D>(elementArrayBuffer);
+        intptr_t offset = reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(indices);
+
+        const uint8_t *bufferData = NULL;
+        gl::Error error = storage->getData(&bufferData);
+        if (error.isError())
+        {
+            return error;
+        }
+
+        indices = bufferData + offset;
+    }
+
+    switch (type)
+    {
+        case GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE:  return drawPoints<GLubyte>(mDevice, count, indices, minIndex);
+        case GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT: return drawPoints<GLushort>(mDevice, count, indices, minIndex);
+        case GL_UNSIGNED_INT:   return drawPoints<GLuint>(mDevice, count, indices, minIndex);
+        default: UNREACHABLE(); return gl::Error(GL_INVALID_OPERATION);
+    }
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::getCountingIB(size_t count, StaticIndexBufferInterface **outIB)
+{
+    // Update the counting index buffer if it is not large enough or has not been created yet.
+    if (count <= 65536)   // 16-bit indices
+    {
+        const unsigned int spaceNeeded = static_cast<unsigned int>(count) * sizeof(unsigned short);
+
+        if (!mCountingIB || mCountingIB->getBufferSize() < spaceNeeded)
+        {
+            SafeDelete(mCountingIB);
+            mCountingIB = new StaticIndexBufferInterface(this);
+            mCountingIB->reserveBufferSpace(spaceNeeded, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT);
+
+            void *mappedMemory = NULL;
+            gl::Error error = mCountingIB->mapBuffer(spaceNeeded, &mappedMemory, NULL);
+            if (error.isError())
+            {
+                return error;
+            }
+
+            unsigned short *data = reinterpret_cast<unsigned short*>(mappedMemory);
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            {
+                data[i] = static_cast<unsigned short>(i);
+            }
+
+            error = mCountingIB->unmapBuffer();
+            if (error.isError())
+            {
+                return error;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else if (getNativeExtensions().elementIndexUint)
+    {
+        const unsigned int spaceNeeded = static_cast<unsigned int>(count) * sizeof(unsigned int);
+
+        if (!mCountingIB || mCountingIB->getBufferSize() < spaceNeeded)
+        {
+            SafeDelete(mCountingIB);
+            mCountingIB = new StaticIndexBufferInterface(this);
+            mCountingIB->reserveBufferSpace(spaceNeeded, GL_UNSIGNED_INT);
+
+            void *mappedMemory = NULL;
+            gl::Error error = mCountingIB->mapBuffer(spaceNeeded, &mappedMemory, NULL);
+            if (error.isError())
+            {
+                return error;
+            }
+
+            unsigned int *data = reinterpret_cast<unsigned int*>(mappedMemory);
+            for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            {
+                data[i] = i;
+            }
+
+            error = mCountingIB->unmapBuffer();
+            if (error.isError())
+            {
+                return error;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return gl::Error(GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY, "Could not create a counting index buffer for glDrawArraysInstanced.");
+    }
+
+    *outIB = mCountingIB;
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::applyShaders(const gl::ContextState &data, GLenum drawMode)
+{
+    ProgramD3D *programD3D = GetImplAs<ProgramD3D>(data.getState().getProgram());
+    programD3D->updateCachedInputLayout(data.getState());
+
+    const auto &inputLayout = programD3D->getCachedInputLayout();
+
+    ShaderExecutableD3D *vertexExe = NULL;
+    ANGLE_TRY(programD3D->getVertexExecutableForInputLayout(inputLayout, &vertexExe, nullptr));
+
+    const gl::Framebuffer *drawFramebuffer = data.getState().getDrawFramebuffer();
+    ShaderExecutableD3D *pixelExe = NULL;
+    ANGLE_TRY(programD3D->getPixelExecutableForFramebuffer(drawFramebuffer, &pixelExe));
+
+    IDirect3DVertexShader9 *vertexShader = (vertexExe ? GetAs<ShaderExecutable9>(vertexExe)->getVertexShader() : nullptr);
+    IDirect3DPixelShader9 *pixelShader = (pixelExe ? GetAs<ShaderExecutable9>(pixelExe)->getPixelShader() : nullptr);
+
+    if (vertexShader != mAppliedVertexShader)
+    {
+        mDevice->SetVertexShader(vertexShader);
+        mAppliedVertexShader = vertexShader;
+    }
+
+    if (pixelShader != mAppliedPixelShader)
+    {
+        mDevice->SetPixelShader(pixelShader);
+        mAppliedPixelShader = pixelShader;
+    }
+
+    // D3D9 has a quirk where creating multiple shaders with the same content
+    // can return the same shader pointer. Because GL programs store different data
+    // per-program, checking the program serial guarantees we upload fresh
+    // uniform data even if our shader pointers are the same.
+    // https://code.google.com/p/angleproject/issues/detail?id=661
+    unsigned int programSerial = programD3D->getSerial();
+    if (programSerial != mAppliedProgramSerial)
+    {
+        programD3D->dirtyAllUniforms();
+        mStateManager.forceSetDXUniformsState();
+        mAppliedProgramSerial = programSerial;
+    }
+
+    return programD3D->applyUniforms(drawMode);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::applyUniforms(const ProgramD3D &programD3D,
+                                   GLenum /*drawMode*/,
+                                   const std::vector<D3DUniform *> &uniformArray)
+{
+    for (const D3DUniform *targetUniform : uniformArray)
+    {
+        if (!targetUniform->dirty)
+            continue;
+
+        GLfloat *f = (GLfloat *)targetUniform->data;
+        GLint *i   = (GLint *)targetUniform->data;
+
+        switch (targetUniform->type)
+        {
+            case GL_SAMPLER_2D:
+            case GL_SAMPLER_CUBE:
+            case GL_SAMPLER_EXTERNAL_OES:
+                break;
+            case GL_BOOL:
+            case GL_BOOL_VEC2:
+            case GL_BOOL_VEC3:
+            case GL_BOOL_VEC4:
+                applyUniformnbv(targetUniform, i);
+                break;
+            case GL_FLOAT:
+            case GL_FLOAT_VEC2:
+            case GL_FLOAT_VEC3:
+            case GL_FLOAT_VEC4:
+            case GL_FLOAT_MAT2:
+            case GL_FLOAT_MAT3:
+            case GL_FLOAT_MAT4:
+                applyUniformnfv(targetUniform, f);
+                break;
+            case GL_INT:
+            case GL_INT_VEC2:
+            case GL_INT_VEC3:
+            case GL_INT_VEC4:
+                applyUniformniv(targetUniform, i);
+                break;
+            default:
+                UNREACHABLE();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Driver uniforms
+    mStateManager.setShaderConstants();
+
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+void Renderer9::applyUniformnfv(const D3DUniform *targetUniform, const GLfloat *v)
+{
+    if (targetUniform->isReferencedByFragmentShader())
+    {
+        mDevice->SetPixelShaderConstantF(targetUniform->psRegisterIndex, v, targetUniform->registerCount);
+    }
+
+    if (targetUniform->isReferencedByVertexShader())
+    {
+        mDevice->SetVertexShaderConstantF(targetUniform->vsRegisterIndex, v, targetUniform->registerCount);
+    }
+}
+
+void Renderer9::applyUniformniv(const D3DUniform *targetUniform, const GLint *v)
+{
+    ASSERT(targetUniform->registerCount <= MAX_VERTEX_CONSTANT_VECTORS_D3D9);
+    GLfloat vector[MAX_VERTEX_CONSTANT_VECTORS_D3D9][4];
+
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < targetUniform->registerCount; i++)
+    {
+        vector[i][0] = (GLfloat)v[4 * i + 0];
+        vector[i][1] = (GLfloat)v[4 * i + 1];
+        vector[i][2] = (GLfloat)v[4 * i + 2];
+        vector[i][3] = (GLfloat)v[4 * i + 3];
+    }
+
+    applyUniformnfv(targetUniform, (GLfloat*)vector);
+}
+
+void Renderer9::applyUniformnbv(const D3DUniform *targetUniform, const GLint *v)
+{
+    ASSERT(targetUniform->registerCount <= MAX_VERTEX_CONSTANT_VECTORS_D3D9);
+    GLfloat vector[MAX_VERTEX_CONSTANT_VECTORS_D3D9][4];
+
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < targetUniform->registerCount; i++)
+    {
+        vector[i][0] = (v[4 * i + 0] == GL_FALSE) ? 0.0f : 1.0f;
+        vector[i][1] = (v[4 * i + 1] == GL_FALSE) ? 0.0f : 1.0f;
+        vector[i][2] = (v[4 * i + 2] == GL_FALSE) ? 0.0f : 1.0f;
+        vector[i][3] = (v[4 * i + 3] == GL_FALSE) ? 0.0f : 1.0f;
+    }
+
+    applyUniformnfv(targetUniform, (GLfloat*)vector);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::clear(const ClearParameters &clearParams,
+                           const gl::FramebufferAttachment *colorBuffer,
+                           const gl::FramebufferAttachment *depthStencilBuffer)
+{
+    if (clearParams.colorClearType != GL_FLOAT)
+    {
+        // Clearing buffers with non-float values is not supported by Renderer9 and ES 2.0
+        UNREACHABLE();
+        return gl::Error(GL_INVALID_OPERATION);
+    }
+
+    bool clearColor = clearParams.clearColor[0];
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < ArraySize(clearParams.clearColor); i++)
+    {
+        if (clearParams.clearColor[i] != clearColor)
+        {
+            // Clearing individual buffers other than buffer zero is not supported by Renderer9 and ES 2.0
+            UNREACHABLE();
+            return gl::Error(GL_INVALID_OPERATION);
+        }
+    }
+
+    float depth = gl::clamp01(clearParams.depthClearValue);
+    DWORD stencil = clearParams.stencilClearValue & 0x000000FF;
+
+    unsigned int stencilUnmasked = 0x0;
+    if (clearParams.clearStencil && depthStencilBuffer->getStencilSize() > 0)
+    {
+        ASSERT(depthStencilBuffer != nullptr);
+
+        RenderTargetD3D *stencilRenderTarget = nullptr;
+        gl::Error error = depthStencilBuffer->getRenderTarget(&stencilRenderTarget);
+        if (error.isError())
+        {
+            return error;
+        }
+
+        RenderTarget9 *stencilRenderTarget9 = GetAs<RenderTarget9>(stencilRenderTarget);
+        ASSERT(stencilRenderTarget9);
+
+        const d3d9::D3DFormat &d3dFormatInfo = d3d9::GetD3DFormatInfo(stencilRenderTarget9->getD3DFormat());
+        stencilUnmasked = (0x1 << d3dFormatInfo.stencilBits) - 1;
+    }
+
+    const bool needMaskedStencilClear = clearParams.clearStencil &&
+                                        (clearParams.stencilWriteMask & stencilUnmasked) != stencilUnmasked;
+
+    bool needMaskedColorClear = false;
+    D3DCOLOR color = D3DCOLOR_ARGB(255, 0, 0, 0);
+    if (clearColor)
+    {
+        ASSERT(colorBuffer != nullptr);
+
+        RenderTargetD3D *colorRenderTarget = NULL;
+        gl::Error error = colorBuffer->getRenderTarget(&colorRenderTarget);
+        if (error.isError())
+        {
+            return error;
+        }
+
+        RenderTarget9 *colorRenderTarget9 = GetAs<RenderTarget9>(colorRenderTarget);
+        ASSERT(colorRenderTarget9);
+
+        const gl::InternalFormat &formatInfo = *colorBuffer->getFormat().info;
+        const d3d9::D3DFormat &d3dFormatInfo = d3d9::GetD3DFormatInfo(colorRenderTarget9->getD3DFormat());
+
+        color =
+            D3DCOLOR_ARGB(gl::unorm<8>((formatInfo.alphaBits == 0 && d3dFormatInfo.alphaBits > 0)
+                                           ? 1.0f
+                                           : clearParams.colorFClearValue.alpha),
+                          gl::unorm<8>((formatInfo.redBits == 0 && d3dFormatInfo.redBits > 0)
+                                           ? 0.0f
+                                           : clearParams.colorFClearValue.red),
+                          gl::unorm<8>((formatInfo.greenBits == 0 && d3dFormatInfo.greenBits > 0)
+                                           ? 0.0f
+                                           : clearParams.colorFClearValue.green),
+                          gl::unorm<8>((formatInfo.blueBits == 0 && d3dFormatInfo.blueBits > 0)
+                                           ? 0.0f
+                                           : clearParams.colorFClearValue.blue));
+
+        if ((formatInfo.redBits > 0 && !clearParams.colorMaskRed) ||
+            (formatInfo.greenBits > 0 && !clearParams.colorMaskGreen) ||
+            (formatInfo.blueBits > 0 && !clearParams.colorMaskBlue) ||
+            (formatInfo.alphaBits > 0 && !clearParams.colorMaskAlpha))
+        {
+            needMaskedColorClear = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (needMaskedColorClear || needMaskedStencilClear)
+    {
+        // State which is altered in all paths from this point to the clear call is saved.
+        // State which is altered in only some paths will be flagged dirty in the case that
+        //  that path is taken.
+        HRESULT hr;
+        if (mMaskedClearSavedState == NULL)
+        {
+            hr = mDevice->BeginStateBlock();
+            ASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr) || hr == D3DERR_OUTOFVIDEOMEMORY || hr == E_OUTOFMEMORY);
+
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ZWRITEENABLE, FALSE);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ZFUNC, D3DCMP_ALWAYS);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ZENABLE, FALSE);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_NONE);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_FILLMODE, D3DFILL_SOLID);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHATESTENABLE, FALSE);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHABLENDENABLE, FALSE);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CLIPPLANEENABLE, 0);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_COLORWRITEENABLE, 0);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_STENCILENABLE, FALSE);
+            mDevice->SetPixelShader(NULL);
+            mDevice->SetVertexShader(NULL);
+            mDevice->SetFVF(D3DFVF_XYZRHW | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE);
+            mDevice->SetStreamSource(0, NULL, 0, 0);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_SEPARATEALPHABLENDENABLE, TRUE);
+            mDevice->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_SELECTARG1);
+            mDevice->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TFACTOR);
+            mDevice->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_ALPHAOP, D3DTOP_SELECTARG1);
+            mDevice->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_ALPHAARG1, D3DTA_TFACTOR);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_TEXTUREFACTOR, color);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_MULTISAMPLEMASK, 0xFFFFFFFF);
+
+            for(int i = 0; i < gl::MAX_VERTEX_ATTRIBS; i++)
+            {
+                mDevice->SetStreamSourceFreq(i, 1);
+            }
+
+            hr = mDevice->EndStateBlock(&mMaskedClearSavedState);
+            ASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr) || hr == D3DERR_OUTOFVIDEOMEMORY || hr == E_OUTOFMEMORY);
+        }
+
+        ASSERT(mMaskedClearSavedState != NULL);
+
+        if (mMaskedClearSavedState != NULL)
+        {
+            hr = mMaskedClearSavedState->Capture();
+            ASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr));
+        }
+
+        mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ZWRITEENABLE, FALSE);
+        mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ZFUNC, D3DCMP_ALWAYS);
+        mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ZENABLE, FALSE);
+        mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_NONE);
+        mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_FILLMODE, D3DFILL_SOLID);
+        mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHATESTENABLE, FALSE);
+        mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHABLENDENABLE, FALSE);
+        mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CLIPPLANEENABLE, 0);
+
+        if (clearColor)
+        {
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_COLORWRITEENABLE,
+                                    gl_d3d9::ConvertColorMask(clearParams.colorMaskRed,
+                                                              clearParams.colorMaskGreen,
+                                                              clearParams.colorMaskBlue,
+                                                              clearParams.colorMaskAlpha));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_COLORWRITEENABLE, 0);
+        }
+
+        if (stencilUnmasked != 0x0 && clearParams.clearStencil)
+        {
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_STENCILENABLE, TRUE);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_TWOSIDEDSTENCILMODE, FALSE);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_STENCILFUNC, D3DCMP_ALWAYS);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_STENCILREF, stencil);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_STENCILWRITEMASK, clearParams.stencilWriteMask);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_STENCILFAIL, D3DSTENCILOP_REPLACE);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_STENCILZFAIL, D3DSTENCILOP_REPLACE);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_STENCILPASS, D3DSTENCILOP_REPLACE);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_STENCILENABLE, FALSE);
+        }
+
+        mDevice->SetPixelShader(NULL);
+        mDevice->SetVertexShader(NULL);
+        mDevice->SetFVF(D3DFVF_XYZRHW);
+        mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_SEPARATEALPHABLENDENABLE, TRUE);
+        mDevice->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_SELECTARG1);
+        mDevice->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TFACTOR);
+        mDevice->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_ALPHAOP, D3DTOP_SELECTARG1);
+        mDevice->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_ALPHAARG1, D3DTA_TFACTOR);
+        mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_TEXTUREFACTOR, color);
+        mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_MULTISAMPLEMASK, 0xFFFFFFFF);
+
+        for(int i = 0; i < gl::MAX_VERTEX_ATTRIBS; i++)
+        {
+            mDevice->SetStreamSourceFreq(i, 1);
+        }
+
+        int renderTargetWidth  = mStateManager.getRenderTargetWidth();
+        int renderTargetHeight = mStateManager.getRenderTargetHeight();
+
+        float quad[4][4];   // A quadrilateral covering the target, aligned to match the edges
+        quad[0][0] = -0.5f;
+        quad[0][1] = renderTargetHeight - 0.5f;
+        quad[0][2] = 0.0f;
+        quad[0][3] = 1.0f;
+
+        quad[1][0] = renderTargetWidth - 0.5f;
+        quad[1][1] = renderTargetHeight - 0.5f;
+        quad[1][2] = 0.0f;
+        quad[1][3] = 1.0f;
+
+        quad[2][0] = -0.5f;
+        quad[2][1] = -0.5f;
+        quad[2][2] = 0.0f;
+        quad[2][3] = 1.0f;
+
+        quad[3][0] = renderTargetWidth - 0.5f;
+        quad[3][1] = -0.5f;
+        quad[3][2] = 0.0f;
+        quad[3][3] = 1.0f;
+
+        startScene();
+        mDevice->DrawPrimitiveUP(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 2, quad, sizeof(float[4]));
+
+        if (clearParams.clearDepth)
+        {
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ZENABLE, TRUE);
+            mDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ZWRITEENABLE, TRUE);
+            mDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, color, depth, stencil);
+        }
+
+        if (mMaskedClearSavedState != NULL)
+        {
+            mMaskedClearSavedState->Apply();
+        }
+    }
+    else if (clearColor || clearParams.clearDepth || clearParams.clearStencil)
+    {
+        DWORD dxClearFlags = 0;
+        if (clearColor)
+        {
+            dxClearFlags |= D3DCLEAR_TARGET;
+        }
+        if (clearParams.clearDepth)
+        {
+            dxClearFlags |= D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER;
+        }
+        if (clearParams.clearStencil)
+        {
+            dxClearFlags |= D3DCLEAR_STENCIL;
+        }
+
+        mDevice->Clear(0, NULL, dxClearFlags, color, depth, stencil);
+    }
+
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+void Renderer9::markAllStateDirty()
+{
+    mAppliedRenderTargetSerial = 0;
+    mAppliedDepthStencilSerial = 0;
+    mDepthStencilInitialized = false;
+    mRenderTargetDescInitialized = false;
+
+    mStateManager.forceSetRasterState();
+    mStateManager.forceSetDepthStencilState();
+    mStateManager.forceSetBlendState();
+    mStateManager.forceSetScissorState();
+    mStateManager.forceSetViewportState();
+
+    ASSERT(mCurVertexSamplerStates.size() == mCurVertexTextures.size());
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < mCurVertexTextures.size(); i++)
+    {
+        mCurVertexSamplerStates[i].forceSet = true;
+        mCurVertexTextures[i]               = angle::DirtyPointer;
+    }
+
+    ASSERT(mCurPixelSamplerStates.size() == mCurPixelTextures.size());
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < mCurPixelSamplerStates.size(); i++)
+    {
+        mCurPixelSamplerStates[i].forceSet = true;
+        mCurPixelTextures[i]               = angle::DirtyPointer;
+    }
+
+    mAppliedIBSerial = 0;
+    mAppliedVertexShader = NULL;
+    mAppliedPixelShader = NULL;
+    mAppliedProgramSerial = 0;
+    mStateManager.forceSetDXUniformsState();
+
+    mVertexDeclarationCache.markStateDirty();
+}
+
+void Renderer9::releaseDeviceResources()
+{
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < mEventQueryPool.size(); i++)
+    {
+        SafeRelease(mEventQueryPool[i]);
+    }
+    mEventQueryPool.clear();
+
+    SafeRelease(mMaskedClearSavedState);
+
+    mVertexShaderCache.clear();
+    mPixelShaderCache.clear();
+
+    SafeDelete(mBlit);
+    SafeDelete(mVertexDataManager);
+    SafeDelete(mIndexDataManager);
+    SafeDelete(mLineLoopIB);
+    SafeDelete(mCountingIB);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_NULL_COLORBUFFER_CACHE_ENTRIES; i++)
+    {
+        SafeDelete(mNullColorbufferCache[i].buffer);
+    }
+}
+
+// set notify to true to broadcast a message to all contexts of the device loss
+bool Renderer9::testDeviceLost()
+{
+    HRESULT status = getDeviceStatusCode();
+    return FAILED(status);
+}
+
+HRESULT Renderer9::getDeviceStatusCode()
+{
+    HRESULT status = D3D_OK;
+
+    if (mDeviceEx)
+    {
+        status = mDeviceEx->CheckDeviceState(NULL);
+    }
+    else if (mDevice)
+    {
+        status = mDevice->TestCooperativeLevel();
+    }
+
+    return status;
+}
+
+bool Renderer9::testDeviceResettable()
+{
+    // On D3D9Ex, DEVICELOST represents a hung device that needs to be restarted
+    // DEVICEREMOVED indicates the device has been stopped and must be recreated
+    switch (getDeviceStatusCode())
+    {
+      case D3DERR_DEVICENOTRESET:
+      case D3DERR_DEVICEHUNG:
+        return true;
+      case D3DERR_DEVICELOST:
+        return (mDeviceEx != NULL);
+      case D3DERR_DEVICEREMOVED:
+        ASSERT(mDeviceEx != NULL);
+        return isRemovedDeviceResettable();
+      default:
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+bool Renderer9::resetDevice()
+{
+    releaseDeviceResources();
+
+    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS presentParameters = getDefaultPresentParameters();
+
+    HRESULT result = D3D_OK;
+    bool lost = testDeviceLost();
+    bool removedDevice = (getDeviceStatusCode() == D3DERR_DEVICEREMOVED);
+
+    // Device Removed is a feature which is only present with D3D9Ex
+    ASSERT(mDeviceEx != NULL || !removedDevice);
+
+    for (int attempts = 3; lost && attempts > 0; attempts--)
+    {
+        if (removedDevice)
+        {
+            // Device removed, which may trigger on driver reinstallation,
+            // may cause a longer wait other reset attempts before the
+            // system is ready to handle creating a new device.
+            Sleep(800);
+            lost = !resetRemovedDevice();
+        }
+        else if (mDeviceEx)
+        {
+            Sleep(500);   // Give the graphics driver some CPU time
+            result = mDeviceEx->ResetEx(&presentParameters, NULL);
+            lost = testDeviceLost();
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            result = mDevice->TestCooperativeLevel();
+            while (result == D3DERR_DEVICELOST)
+            {
+                Sleep(100);   // Give the graphics driver some CPU time
+                result = mDevice->TestCooperativeLevel();
+            }
+
+            if (result == D3DERR_DEVICENOTRESET)
+            {
+                result = mDevice->Reset(&presentParameters);
+            }
+            lost = testDeviceLost();
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (FAILED(result))
+    {
+        ERR("Reset/ResetEx failed multiple times: 0x%08X", result);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (removedDevice && lost)
+    {
+        ERR("Device lost reset failed multiple times");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // If the device was removed, we already finished re-initialization in resetRemovedDevice
+    if (!removedDevice)
+    {
+        // reset device defaults
+        initializeDevice();
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool Renderer9::isRemovedDeviceResettable() const
+{
+    bool success = false;
+
+#if ANGLE_D3D9EX == ANGLE_ENABLED
+    IDirect3D9Ex *d3d9Ex = NULL;
+    typedef HRESULT (WINAPI *Direct3DCreate9ExFunc)(UINT, IDirect3D9Ex**);
+    Direct3DCreate9ExFunc Direct3DCreate9ExPtr = reinterpret_cast<Direct3DCreate9ExFunc>(GetProcAddress(mD3d9Module, "Direct3DCreate9Ex"));
+
+    if (Direct3DCreate9ExPtr && SUCCEEDED(Direct3DCreate9ExPtr(D3D_SDK_VERSION, &d3d9Ex)))
+    {
+        D3DCAPS9 deviceCaps;
+        HRESULT result = d3d9Ex->GetDeviceCaps(mAdapter, mDeviceType, &deviceCaps);
+        success = SUCCEEDED(result);
+    }
+
+    SafeRelease(d3d9Ex);
+#else
+    ASSERT(UNREACHABLE());
+#endif
+
+    return success;
+}
+
+bool Renderer9::resetRemovedDevice()
+{
+    // From http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/bb172554(v=vs.85).aspx:
+    // The hardware adapter has been removed. Application must destroy the device, do enumeration of
+    // adapters and create another Direct3D device. If application continues rendering without
+    // calling Reset, the rendering calls will succeed. Applies to Direct3D 9Ex only.
+    release();
+    return !initialize().isError();
+}
+
+VendorID Renderer9::getVendorId() const
+{
+    return static_cast<VendorID>(mAdapterIdentifier.VendorId);
+}
+
+std::string Renderer9::getRendererDescription() const
+{
+    std::ostringstream rendererString;
+
+    rendererString << mAdapterIdentifier.Description;
+    if (getShareHandleSupport())
+    {
+        rendererString << " Direct3D9Ex";
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        rendererString << " Direct3D9";
+    }
+
+    rendererString << " vs_" << D3DSHADER_VERSION_MAJOR(mDeviceCaps.VertexShaderVersion) << "_" << D3DSHADER_VERSION_MINOR(mDeviceCaps.VertexShaderVersion);
+    rendererString << " ps_" << D3DSHADER_VERSION_MAJOR(mDeviceCaps.PixelShaderVersion) << "_" << D3DSHADER_VERSION_MINOR(mDeviceCaps.PixelShaderVersion);
+
+    return rendererString.str();
+}
+
+DeviceIdentifier Renderer9::getAdapterIdentifier() const
+{
+    DeviceIdentifier deviceIdentifier = { 0 };
+    deviceIdentifier.VendorId = static_cast<UINT>(mAdapterIdentifier.VendorId);
+    deviceIdentifier.DeviceId = static_cast<UINT>(mAdapterIdentifier.DeviceId);
+    deviceIdentifier.SubSysId = static_cast<UINT>(mAdapterIdentifier.SubSysId);
+    deviceIdentifier.Revision = static_cast<UINT>(mAdapterIdentifier.Revision);
+    deviceIdentifier.FeatureLevel = 0;
+
+    return deviceIdentifier;
+}
+
+unsigned int Renderer9::getReservedVertexUniformVectors() const
+{
+    return d3d9_gl::GetReservedVertexUniformVectors();
+}
+
+unsigned int Renderer9::getReservedFragmentUniformVectors() const
+{
+    return d3d9_gl::GetReservedFragmentUniformVectors();
+}
+
+unsigned int Renderer9::getReservedVertexUniformBuffers() const
+{
+    return 0;
+}
+
+unsigned int Renderer9::getReservedFragmentUniformBuffers() const
+{
+    return 0;
+}
+
+bool Renderer9::getShareHandleSupport() const
+{
+    // PIX doesn't seem to support using share handles, so disable them.
+    return (mD3d9Ex != NULL) && !gl::DebugAnnotationsActive();
+}
+
+int Renderer9::getMajorShaderModel() const
+{
+    return D3DSHADER_VERSION_MAJOR(mDeviceCaps.PixelShaderVersion);
+}
+
+int Renderer9::getMinorShaderModel() const
+{
+    return D3DSHADER_VERSION_MINOR(mDeviceCaps.PixelShaderVersion);
+}
+
+std::string Renderer9::getShaderModelSuffix() const
+{
+    return "";
+}
+
+DWORD Renderer9::getCapsDeclTypes() const
+{
+    return mDeviceCaps.DeclTypes;
+}
+
+D3DPOOL Renderer9::getBufferPool(DWORD usage) const
+{
+    if (mD3d9Ex != NULL)
+    {
+        return D3DPOOL_DEFAULT;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if (!(usage & D3DUSAGE_DYNAMIC))
+        {
+            return D3DPOOL_MANAGED;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return D3DPOOL_DEFAULT;
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::copyImage2D(const gl::Framebuffer *framebuffer, const gl::Rectangle &sourceRect, GLenum destFormat,
+                                 const gl::Offset &destOffset, TextureStorage *storage, GLint level)
+{
+    RECT rect;
+    rect.left = sourceRect.x;
+    rect.top = sourceRect.y;
+    rect.right = sourceRect.x + sourceRect.width;
+    rect.bottom = sourceRect.y + sourceRect.height;
+
+    return mBlit->copy2D(framebuffer, rect, destFormat, destOffset, storage, level);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::copyImageCube(const gl::Framebuffer *framebuffer, const gl::Rectangle &sourceRect, GLenum destFormat,
+                                   const gl::Offset &destOffset, TextureStorage *storage, GLenum target, GLint level)
+{
+    RECT rect;
+    rect.left = sourceRect.x;
+    rect.top = sourceRect.y;
+    rect.right = sourceRect.x + sourceRect.width;
+    rect.bottom = sourceRect.y + sourceRect.height;
+
+    return mBlit->copyCube(framebuffer, rect, destFormat, destOffset, storage, target, level);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::copyImage3D(const gl::Framebuffer *framebuffer, const gl::Rectangle &sourceRect, GLenum destFormat,
+                                const gl::Offset &destOffset, TextureStorage *storage, GLint level)
+{
+    // 3D textures are not available in the D3D9 backend.
+    UNREACHABLE();
+    return gl::Error(GL_INVALID_OPERATION);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::copyImage2DArray(const gl::Framebuffer *framebuffer, const gl::Rectangle &sourceRect, GLenum destFormat,
+                                     const gl::Offset &destOffset, TextureStorage *storage, GLint level)
+{
+    // 2D array textures are not available in the D3D9 backend.
+    UNREACHABLE();
+    return gl::Error(GL_INVALID_OPERATION);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::copyTexture(const gl::Texture *source,
+                                 GLint sourceLevel,
+                                 const gl::Rectangle &sourceRect,
+                                 GLenum destFormat,
+                                 const gl::Offset &destOffset,
+                                 TextureStorage *storage,
+                                 GLint destLevel,
+                                 bool unpackFlipY,
+                                 bool unpackPremultiplyAlpha,
+                                 bool unpackUnmultiplyAlpha)
+{
+    UNIMPLEMENTED();
+    return gl::Error(GL_INVALID_OPERATION);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::copyCompressedTexture(const gl::Texture *source,
+                                           GLint sourceLevel,
+                                           TextureStorage *storage,
+                                           GLint destLevel)
+{
+    UNIMPLEMENTED();
+    return gl::Error(GL_INVALID_OPERATION);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::createRenderTarget(int width, int height, GLenum format, GLsizei samples, RenderTargetD3D **outRT)
+{
+    const d3d9::TextureFormat &d3d9FormatInfo = d3d9::GetTextureFormatInfo(format);
+
+    const gl::TextureCaps &textureCaps = getNativeTextureCaps().get(format);
+    GLuint supportedSamples = textureCaps.getNearestSamples(samples);
+
+    IDirect3DTexture9 *texture      = nullptr;
+    IDirect3DSurface9 *renderTarget = NULL;
+    if (width > 0 && height > 0)
+    {
+        bool requiresInitialization = false;
+        HRESULT result = D3DERR_INVALIDCALL;
+
+        const gl::InternalFormat &formatInfo = gl::GetInternalFormatInfo(format);
+        if (formatInfo.depthBits > 0 || formatInfo.stencilBits > 0)
+        {
+            result = mDevice->CreateDepthStencilSurface(width, height, d3d9FormatInfo.renderFormat,
+                                                        gl_d3d9::GetMultisampleType(supportedSamples),
+                                                        0, FALSE, &renderTarget, NULL);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            requiresInitialization = (d3d9FormatInfo.dataInitializerFunction != nullptr);
+            if (supportedSamples > 0)
+            {
+                result = mDevice->CreateRenderTarget(width, height, d3d9FormatInfo.renderFormat,
+                                                     gl_d3d9::GetMultisampleType(supportedSamples),
+                                                     0, FALSE, &renderTarget, nullptr);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                result = mDevice->CreateTexture(
+                    width, height, 1, D3DUSAGE_RENDERTARGET, d3d9FormatInfo.texFormat,
+                    getTexturePool(D3DUSAGE_RENDERTARGET), &texture, nullptr);
+                if (!FAILED(result))
+                {
+                    result = texture->GetSurfaceLevel(0, &renderTarget);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (FAILED(result))
+        {
+            ASSERT(result == D3DERR_OUTOFVIDEOMEMORY || result == E_OUTOFMEMORY || result == E_INVALIDARG);
+            return gl::Error(GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY, "Failed to create render target, result: 0x%X.", result);
+        }
+
+        if (requiresInitialization)
+        {
+            // This format requires that the data be initialized before the render target can be used
+            // Unfortunately this requires a Get call on the d3d device but it is far better than having
+            // to mark the render target as lockable and copy data to the gpu.
+            IDirect3DSurface9 *prevRenderTarget = NULL;
+            mDevice->GetRenderTarget(0, &prevRenderTarget);
+            mDevice->SetRenderTarget(0, renderTarget);
+            mDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_RGBA(0, 0, 0, 255), 0.0f, 0);
+            mDevice->SetRenderTarget(0, prevRenderTarget);
+        }
+    }
+
+    *outRT = new TextureRenderTarget9(texture, 0, renderTarget, format, width, height, 1,
+                                      supportedSamples);
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::createRenderTargetCopy(RenderTargetD3D *source, RenderTargetD3D **outRT)
+{
+    ASSERT(source != nullptr);
+
+    RenderTargetD3D *newRT = nullptr;
+    gl::Error error = createRenderTarget(source->getWidth(), source->getHeight(),
+                                         source->getInternalFormat(), source->getSamples(), &newRT);
+    if (error.isError())
+    {
+        return error;
+    }
+
+    RenderTarget9 *source9 = GetAs<RenderTarget9>(source);
+    RenderTarget9 *dest9   = GetAs<RenderTarget9>(newRT);
+
+    HRESULT result = mDevice->StretchRect(source9->getSurface(), nullptr, dest9->getSurface(),
+                                          nullptr, D3DTEXF_NONE);
+    if (FAILED(result))
+    {
+        ASSERT(result == D3DERR_OUTOFVIDEOMEMORY || result == E_OUTOFMEMORY);
+        return gl::Error(GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY, "Failed to copy render target, result: 0x%X.", result);
+    }
+
+    *outRT = newRT;
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::loadExecutable(const void *function,
+                                    size_t length,
+                                    ShaderType type,
+                                    const std::vector<D3DVarying> &streamOutVaryings,
+                                    bool separatedOutputBuffers,
+                                    ShaderExecutableD3D **outExecutable)
+{
+    // Transform feedback is not supported in ES2 or D3D9
+    ASSERT(streamOutVaryings.empty());
+
+    switch (type)
+    {
+      case SHADER_VERTEX:
+        {
+            IDirect3DVertexShader9 *vshader = NULL;
+            gl::Error error = createVertexShader((DWORD*)function, length, &vshader);
+            if (error.isError())
+            {
+                return error;
+            }
+            *outExecutable = new ShaderExecutable9(function, length, vshader);
+        }
+        break;
+      case SHADER_PIXEL:
+        {
+            IDirect3DPixelShader9 *pshader = NULL;
+            gl::Error error = createPixelShader((DWORD*)function, length, &pshader);
+            if (error.isError())
+            {
+                return error;
+            }
+            *outExecutable = new ShaderExecutable9(function, length, pshader);
+        }
+        break;
+      default:
+        UNREACHABLE();
+        return gl::Error(GL_INVALID_OPERATION);
+    }
+
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::compileToExecutable(gl::InfoLog &infoLog,
+                                         const std::string &shaderHLSL,
+                                         ShaderType type,
+                                         const std::vector<D3DVarying> &streamOutVaryings,
+                                         bool separatedOutputBuffers,
+                                         const D3DCompilerWorkarounds &workarounds,
+                                         ShaderExecutableD3D **outExectuable)
+{
+    // Transform feedback is not supported in ES2 or D3D9
+    ASSERT(streamOutVaryings.empty());
+
+    const char *profileType = NULL;
+    switch (type)
+    {
+      case SHADER_VERTEX:
+        profileType = "vs";
+        break;
+      case SHADER_PIXEL:
+        profileType = "ps";
+        break;
+      default:
+        UNREACHABLE();
+        return gl::Error(GL_INVALID_OPERATION);
+    }
+    unsigned int profileMajorVersion = (getMajorShaderModel() >= 3) ? 3 : 2;
+    unsigned int profileMinorVersion = 0;
+    std::string profile = FormatString("%s_%u_%u", profileType, profileMajorVersion, profileMinorVersion);
+
+    UINT flags = ANGLE_COMPILE_OPTIMIZATION_LEVEL;
+
+    if (workarounds.skipOptimization)
+    {
+        flags = D3DCOMPILE_SKIP_OPTIMIZATION;
+    }
+    else if (workarounds.useMaxOptimization)
+    {
+        flags = D3DCOMPILE_OPTIMIZATION_LEVEL3;
+    }
+
+    if (gl::DebugAnnotationsActive())
+    {
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+        flags = D3DCOMPILE_SKIP_OPTIMIZATION;
+#endif
+
+        flags |= D3DCOMPILE_DEBUG;
+    }
+
+    // Sometimes D3DCompile will fail with the default compilation flags for complicated shaders when it would otherwise pass with alternative options.
+    // Try the default flags first and if compilation fails, try some alternatives.
+    std::vector<CompileConfig> configs;
+    configs.push_back(CompileConfig(flags,                                  "default"            ));
+    configs.push_back(CompileConfig(flags | D3DCOMPILE_AVOID_FLOW_CONTROL,  "avoid flow control" ));
+    configs.push_back(CompileConfig(flags | D3DCOMPILE_PREFER_FLOW_CONTROL, "prefer flow control"));
+
+    ID3DBlob *binary = NULL;
+    std::string debugInfo;
+    gl::Error error = mCompiler.compileToBinary(infoLog, shaderHLSL, profile, configs, NULL, &binary, &debugInfo);
+    if (error.isError())
+    {
+        return error;
+    }
+
+    // It's possible that binary is NULL if the compiler failed in all configurations.  Set the executable to NULL
+    // and return GL_NO_ERROR to signify that there was a link error but the internal state is still OK.
+    if (!binary)
+    {
+        *outExectuable = NULL;
+        return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+    }
+
+    error = loadExecutable(binary->GetBufferPointer(), binary->GetBufferSize(), type,
+                           streamOutVaryings, separatedOutputBuffers, outExectuable);
+
+    SafeRelease(binary);
+    if (error.isError())
+    {
+        return error;
+    }
+
+    if (!debugInfo.empty())
+    {
+        (*outExectuable)->appendDebugInfo(debugInfo);
+    }
+
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+UniformStorageD3D *Renderer9::createUniformStorage(size_t storageSize)
+{
+    return new UniformStorageD3D(storageSize);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::boxFilter(IDirect3DSurface9 *source, IDirect3DSurface9 *dest)
+{
+    return mBlit->boxFilter(source, dest);
+}
+
+D3DPOOL Renderer9::getTexturePool(DWORD usage) const
+{
+    // Always use DEFAULT pool for textures, as there is a bug
+    // on XP (non-D3D9Ex) where we select MANAGED here,
+    // but trigger a crash in Image9::copyToSurface where the
+    // source pool is SYSTEMMEM, but the destination pool is
+    // MANAGED.  It expects the dest pool to be DEFAULT
+    // if the source is SYSTEMMEM.
+    return D3DPOOL_DEFAULT;
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::copyToRenderTarget(IDirect3DSurface9 *dest, IDirect3DSurface9 *source, bool fromManaged)
+{
+    ASSERT(source && dest);
+
+    HRESULT result = D3DERR_OUTOFVIDEOMEMORY;
+
+    if (fromManaged)
+    {
+        D3DSURFACE_DESC desc;
+        source->GetDesc(&desc);
+
+        IDirect3DSurface9 *surf = 0;
+        result = mDevice->CreateOffscreenPlainSurface(desc.Width, desc.Height, desc.Format, D3DPOOL_SYSTEMMEM, &surf, NULL);
+
+        if (SUCCEEDED(result))
+        {
+            Image9::copyLockableSurfaces(surf, source);
+            result = mDevice->UpdateSurface(surf, NULL, dest, NULL);
+            SafeRelease(surf);
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        endScene();
+        result = mDevice->StretchRect(source, NULL, dest, NULL, D3DTEXF_NONE);
+    }
+
+    if (FAILED(result))
+    {
+        ASSERT(result == D3DERR_OUTOFVIDEOMEMORY || result == E_OUTOFMEMORY);
+        return gl::Error(GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY, "Failed to blit internal texture, result: 0x%X.", result);
+    }
+
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+ImageD3D *Renderer9::createImage()
+{
+    return new Image9(this);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::generateMipmap(ImageD3D *dest, ImageD3D *src)
+{
+    Image9 *src9 = GetAs<Image9>(src);
+    Image9 *dst9 = GetAs<Image9>(dest);
+    return Image9::generateMipmap(dst9, src9);
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::generateMipmapUsingD3D(TextureStorage *storage,
+                                            const gl::TextureState &textureState)
+{
+    UNREACHABLE();
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+TextureStorage *Renderer9::createTextureStorage2D(SwapChainD3D *swapChain)
+{
+    SwapChain9 *swapChain9 = GetAs<SwapChain9>(swapChain);
+    return new TextureStorage9_2D(this, swapChain9);
+}
+
+TextureStorage *Renderer9::createTextureStorageEGLImage(EGLImageD3D *eglImage,
+                                                        RenderTargetD3D *renderTargetD3D)
+{
+    return new TextureStorage9_EGLImage(this, eglImage, GetAs<RenderTarget9>(renderTargetD3D));
+}
+
+TextureStorage *Renderer9::createTextureStorageExternal(
+    egl::Stream *stream,
+    const egl::Stream::GLTextureDescription &desc)
+{
+    UNIMPLEMENTED();
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+TextureStorage *Renderer9::createTextureStorage2D(GLenum internalformat, bool renderTarget, GLsizei width, GLsizei height, int levels, bool hintLevelZeroOnly)
+{
+    return new TextureStorage9_2D(this, internalformat, renderTarget, width, height, levels);
+}
+
+TextureStorage *Renderer9::createTextureStorageCube(GLenum internalformat, bool renderTarget, int size, int levels, bool hintLevelZeroOnly)
+{
+    return new TextureStorage9_Cube(this, internalformat, renderTarget, size, levels, hintLevelZeroOnly);
+}
+
+TextureStorage *Renderer9::createTextureStorage3D(GLenum internalformat, bool renderTarget, GLsizei width, GLsizei height, GLsizei depth, int levels)
+{
+    // 3D textures are not supported by the D3D9 backend.
+    UNREACHABLE();
+
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+TextureStorage *Renderer9::createTextureStorage2DArray(GLenum internalformat, bool renderTarget, GLsizei width, GLsizei height, GLsizei depth, int levels)
+{
+    // 2D array textures are not supported by the D3D9 backend.
+    UNREACHABLE();
+
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+bool Renderer9::getLUID(LUID *adapterLuid) const
+{
+    adapterLuid->HighPart = 0;
+    adapterLuid->LowPart = 0;
+
+    if (mD3d9Ex)
+    {
+        mD3d9Ex->GetAdapterLUID(mAdapter, adapterLuid);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+VertexConversionType Renderer9::getVertexConversionType(gl::VertexFormatType vertexFormatType) const
+{
+    return d3d9::GetVertexFormatInfo(getCapsDeclTypes(), vertexFormatType).conversionType;
+}
+
+GLenum Renderer9::getVertexComponentType(gl::VertexFormatType vertexFormatType) const
+{
+    return d3d9::GetVertexFormatInfo(getCapsDeclTypes(), vertexFormatType).componentType;
+}
+
+gl::ErrorOrResult<unsigned int> Renderer9::getVertexSpaceRequired(const gl::VertexAttribute &attrib,
+                                                                  GLsizei count,
+                                                                  GLsizei instances) const
+{
+    gl::VertexFormatType vertexFormatType = gl::GetVertexFormatType(attrib, GL_FLOAT);
+    const d3d9::VertexFormat &d3d9VertexInfo =
+        d3d9::GetVertexFormatInfo(getCapsDeclTypes(), vertexFormatType);
+
+    if (!attrib.enabled)
+    {
+        return 16u;
+    }
+
+    unsigned int elementCount = 0;
+    if (instances == 0 || attrib.divisor == 0)
+    {
+        elementCount = static_cast<unsigned int>(count);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // Round up to divisor, if possible
+        elementCount = UnsignedCeilDivide(static_cast<unsigned int>(instances), attrib.divisor);
+    }
+
+    if (d3d9VertexInfo.outputElementSize > std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max() / elementCount)
+    {
+        return gl::Error(GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY, "New vertex buffer size would result in an overflow.");
+    }
+
+    return static_cast<unsigned int>(d3d9VertexInfo.outputElementSize) * elementCount;
+}
+
+void Renderer9::generateCaps(gl::Caps *outCaps,
+                             gl::TextureCapsMap *outTextureCaps,
+                             gl::Extensions *outExtensions,
+                             gl::Limitations *outLimitations) const
+{
+    d3d9_gl::GenerateCaps(mD3d9, mDevice, mDeviceType, mAdapter, outCaps, outTextureCaps,
+                          outExtensions, outLimitations);
+}
+
+WorkaroundsD3D Renderer9::generateWorkarounds() const
+{
+    return d3d9::GenerateWorkarounds();
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::clearTextures(gl::SamplerType samplerType, size_t rangeStart, size_t rangeEnd)
+{
+    // TODO(jmadill): faster way?
+    for (size_t samplerIndex = rangeStart; samplerIndex < rangeEnd; samplerIndex++)
+    {
+        gl::Error error = setTexture(samplerType, static_cast<int>(samplerIndex), nullptr);
+        if (error.isError())
+        {
+            return error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return gl::Error(GL_NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+egl::Error Renderer9::getEGLDevice(DeviceImpl **device)
+{
+    if (mEGLDevice == nullptr)
+    {
+        ASSERT(mDevice != nullptr);
+        mEGLDevice       = new DeviceD3D();
+        egl::Error error = mEGLDevice->initialize(reinterpret_cast<void *>(mDevice),
+                                                  EGL_D3D9_DEVICE_ANGLE, EGL_FALSE);
+
+        if (error.isError())
+        {
+            SafeDelete(mEGLDevice);
+            return error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    *device = static_cast<DeviceImpl *>(mEGLDevice);
+    return egl::Error(EGL_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+Renderer9::CurSamplerState::CurSamplerState()
+    : forceSet(true),
+      baseLevel(std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max()),
+      samplerState()
+{
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::genericDrawElements(Context9 *context,
+                                         GLenum mode,
+                                         GLsizei count,
+                                         GLenum type,
+                                         const GLvoid *indices,
+                                         GLsizei instances,
+                                         const gl::IndexRange &indexRange)
+{
+    const auto &data     = context->getContextState();
+    gl::Program *program = context->getGLState().getProgram();
+    ASSERT(program != nullptr);
+    ProgramD3D *programD3D = GetImplAs<ProgramD3D>(program);
+    bool usesPointSize     = programD3D->usesPointSize();
+
+    programD3D->updateSamplerMapping();
+
+    if (!applyPrimitiveType(mode, count, usesPointSize))
+    {
+        return gl::NoError();
+    }
+
+    ANGLE_TRY(updateState(context, mode));
+
+    TranslatedIndexData indexInfo;
+    indexInfo.indexRange = indexRange;
+
+    ANGLE_TRY(applyIndexBuffer(data, indices, count, mode, type, &indexInfo));
+
+    applyTransformFeedbackBuffers(data.getState());
+    // Transform feedback is not allowed for DrawElements, this error should have been caught at the
+    // API validation
+    // layer.
+    ASSERT(!data.getState().isTransformFeedbackActiveUnpaused());
+
+    size_t vertexCount = indexInfo.indexRange.vertexCount();
+    ANGLE_TRY(applyVertexBuffer(data.getState(), mode,
+                                static_cast<GLsizei>(indexInfo.indexRange.start),
+                                static_cast<GLsizei>(vertexCount), instances, &indexInfo));
+    ANGLE_TRY(applyTextures(context, data));
+    ANGLE_TRY(applyShaders(data, mode));
+    ANGLE_TRY(programD3D->applyUniformBuffers(data));
+
+    if (!skipDraw(data, mode))
+    {
+        ANGLE_TRY(drawElementsImpl(data, indexInfo, mode, count, type, indices, instances));
+    }
+
+    return gl::NoError();
+}
+
+gl::Error Renderer9::genericDrawArrays(Context9 *context,
+                                       GLenum mode,
+                                       GLint first,
+                                       GLsizei count,
+                                       GLsizei instances)
+{
+    const auto &data     = context->getContextState();
+    gl::Program *program = context->getGLState().getProgram();
+    ASSERT(program != nullptr);
+    ProgramD3D *programD3D = GetImplAs<ProgramD3D>(program);
+    bool usesPointSize     = programD3D->usesPointSize();
+
+    programD3D->updateSamplerMapping();
+
+    if (!applyPrimitiveType(mode, count, usesPointSize))
+    {
+        return gl::NoError();
+    }
+
+    ANGLE_TRY(updateState(context, mode));
+    ANGLE_TRY(applyTransformFeedbackBuffers(data.getState()));
+    ANGLE_TRY(applyVertexBuffer(data.getState(), mode, first, count, instances, nullptr));
+    ANGLE_TRY(applyTextures(context, data));
+    ANGLE_TRY(applyShaders(data, mode));
+    ANGLE_TRY(programD3D->applyUniformBuffers(data));
+
+    if (!skipDraw(data, mode))
+    {
+        ANGLE_TRY(drawArraysImpl(data, mode, first, count, instances));
+
+        if (data.getState().isTransformFeedbackActiveUnpaused())
+        {
+            ANGLE_TRY(markTransformFeedbackUsage(data));
+        }
+    }
+
+    return gl::NoError();
+}
+
+FramebufferImpl *Renderer9::createDefaultFramebuffer(const gl::FramebufferState &state)
+{
+    return new Framebuffer9(state, this);
+}
+
+gl::Version Renderer9::getMaxSupportedESVersion() const
+{
+    return gl::Version(2, 0);
+}
+
+}  // namespace rx