// The ray tracer code in this file is written by Adam Burmister. It // is available in its original form from: // // http://labs.flog.nz.co/raytracer/ // // It has been modified slightly by Google to work as a standalone // benchmark, but the all the computational code remains // untouched. This file also contains a copy of parts of the Prototype // JavaScript framework which is used by the ray tracer. //var RayTrace = new BenchmarkSuite('RayTrace', 932666, [ // new Benchmark('RayTrace', renderScene) //]); // Variable used to hold a number that can be used to verify that // the scene was ray traced correctly. var checkNumber; // ------------------------------------------------------------------------ // ------------------------------------------------------------------------ // The following is a copy of parts of the Prototype JavaScript library: // Prototype JavaScript framework, version 1.5.0 // (c) 2005-2007 Sam Stephenson // // Prototype is freely distributable under the terms of an MIT-style license. // For details, see the Prototype web site: http://prototype.conio.net/ var Class = { create: function() { return function() { this.initialize.apply(this, arguments); } } }; Object.extend = function(destination, source) { for (var property in source) { destination[property] = source[property]; } return destination; }; // ------------------------------------------------------------------------ // ------------------------------------------------------------------------ // The rest of this file is the actual ray tracer written by Adam // Burmister. It's a concatenation of the following files: // // flog/color.js // flog/light.js // flog/vector.js // flog/ray.js // flog/scene.js // flog/material/basematerial.js // flog/material/solid.js // flog/material/chessboard.js // flog/shape/baseshape.js // flog/shape/sphere.js // flog/shape/plane.js // flog/intersectioninfo.js // flog/camera.js // flog/background.js // flog/engine.js /* Fake a Flog.* namespace */ if(typeof(Flog) == 'undefined') var Flog = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer = {}; Flog.RayTracer.Color = Class.create(); Flog.RayTracer.Color.prototype = { red : 0.0, green : 0.0, blue : 0.0, initialize : function(r, g, b) { if(!r) r = 0.0; if(!g) g = 0.0; if(!b) b = 0.0; this.red = r; this.green = g; this.blue = b; }, add : function(c1, c2){ var result = new Flog.RayTracer.Color(0,0,0); result.red = c1.red + c2.red; result.green = c1.green + c2.green; result.blue = c1.blue + c2.blue; return result; }, addScalar: function(c1, s){ var result = new Flog.RayTracer.Color(0,0,0); result.red = c1.red + s; result.green = c1.green + s; result.blue = c1.blue + s; result.limit(); return result; }, subtract: function(c1, c2){ var result = new Flog.RayTracer.Color(0,0,0); result.red = c1.red - c2.red; result.green = c1.green - c2.green; result.blue = c1.blue - c2.blue; return result; }, multiply : function(c1, c2) { var result = new Flog.RayTracer.Color(0,0,0); result.red = c1.red * c2.red; result.green = c1.green * c2.green; result.blue = c1.blue * c2.blue; return result; }, multiplyScalar : function(c1, f) { var result = new Flog.RayTracer.Color(0,0,0); result.red = c1.red * f; result.green = c1.green * f; result.blue = c1.blue * f; return result; }, divideFactor : function(c1, f) { var result = new Flog.RayTracer.Color(0,0,0); result.red = c1.red / f; result.green = c1.green / f; result.blue = c1.blue / f; return result; }, limit: function(){ this.red = (this.red > 0.0) ? ( (this.red > 1.0) ? 1.0 : this.red ) : 0.0; this.green = (this.green > 0.0) ? ( (this.green > 1.0) ? 1.0 : this.green ) : 0.0; this.blue = (this.blue > 0.0) ? ( (this.blue > 1.0) ? 1.0 : this.blue ) : 0.0; }, distance : function(color) { var d = Math.abs(this.red - color.red) + Math.abs(this.green - color.green) + Math.abs(this.blue - color.blue); return d; }, blend: function(c1, c2, w){ var result = new Flog.RayTracer.Color(0,0,0); result = Flog.RayTracer.Color.prototype.add( Flog.RayTracer.Color.prototype.multiplyScalar(c1, 1 - w), Flog.RayTracer.Color.prototype.multiplyScalar(c2, w) ); return result; }, brightness : function() { var r = Math.floor(this.red*255); var g = Math.floor(this.green*255); var b = Math.floor(this.blue*255); return (r * 77 + g * 150 + b * 29) >> 8; }, toString : function () { var r = Math.floor(this.red*255); var g = Math.floor(this.green*255); var b = Math.floor(this.blue*255); return "rgb("+ r +","+ g +","+ b +")"; } } /* Fake a Flog.* namespace */ if(typeof(Flog) == 'undefined') var Flog = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer = {}; Flog.RayTracer.Light = Class.create(); Flog.RayTracer.Light.prototype = { position: null, color: null, intensity: 10.0, initialize : function(pos, color, intensity) { this.position = pos; this.color = color; this.intensity = (intensity ? intensity : 10.0); }, getIntensity: function(distance){ if(distance >= intensity) return 0; return Math.pow((intensity - distance) / strength, 0.2); }, toString : function () { return 'Light [' + this.position.x + ',' + this.position.y + ',' + this.position.z + ']'; } } /* Fake a Flog.* namespace */ if(typeof(Flog) == 'undefined') var Flog = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer = {}; Flog.RayTracer.Vector = Class.create(); Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype = { x : 0.0, y : 0.0, z : 0.0, initialize : function(x, y, z) { this.x = (x ? x : 0); this.y = (y ? y : 0); this.z = (z ? z : 0); }, copy: function(vector){ this.x = vector.x; this.y = vector.y; this.z = vector.z; }, normalize : function() { var m = this.magnitude(); return new Flog.RayTracer.Vector(this.x / m, this.y / m, this.z / m); }, magnitude : function() { return Math.sqrt((this.x * this.x) + (this.y * this.y) + (this.z * this.z)); }, cross : function(w) { return new Flog.RayTracer.Vector( -this.z * w.y + this.y * w.z, this.z * w.x - this.x * w.z, -this.y * w.x + this.x * w.y); }, dot : function(w) { return this.x * w.x + this.y * w.y + this.z * w.z; }, add : function(v, w) { return new Flog.RayTracer.Vector(w.x + v.x, w.y + v.y, w.z + v.z); }, subtract : function(v, w) { if(!w || !v) throw 'Vectors must be defined [' + v + ',' + w + ']'; return new Flog.RayTracer.Vector(v.x - w.x, v.y - w.y, v.z - w.z); }, multiplyVector : function(v, w) { return new Flog.RayTracer.Vector(v.x * w.x, v.y * w.y, v.z * w.z); }, multiplyScalar : function(v, w) { return new Flog.RayTracer.Vector(v.x * w, v.y * w, v.z * w); }, toString : function () { return 'Vector [' + this.x + ',' + this.y + ',' + this.z + ']'; } } /* Fake a Flog.* namespace */ if(typeof(Flog) == 'undefined') var Flog = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer = {}; Flog.RayTracer.Ray = Class.create(); Flog.RayTracer.Ray.prototype = { position : null, direction : null, initialize : function(pos, dir) { this.position = pos; this.direction = dir; }, toString : function () { return 'Ray [' + this.position + ',' + this.direction + ']'; } } /* Fake a Flog.* namespace */ if(typeof(Flog) == 'undefined') var Flog = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer = {}; Flog.RayTracer.Scene = Class.create(); Flog.RayTracer.Scene.prototype = { camera : null, shapes : [], lights : [], background : null, initialize : function() { this.camera = new Flog.RayTracer.Camera( new Flog.RayTracer.Vector(0,0,-5), new Flog.RayTracer.Vector(0,0,1), new Flog.RayTracer.Vector(0,1,0) ); this.shapes = new Array(); this.lights = new Array(); this.background = new Flog.RayTracer.Background(new Flog.RayTracer.Color(0,0,0.5), 0.2); } } /* Fake a Flog.* namespace */ if(typeof(Flog) == 'undefined') var Flog = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer.Material) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer.Material = {}; Flog.RayTracer.Material.BaseMaterial = Class.create(); Flog.RayTracer.Material.BaseMaterial.prototype = { gloss: 2.0, // [0...infinity] 0 = matt transparency: 0.0, // 0=opaque reflection: 0.0, // [0...infinity] 0 = no reflection refraction: 0.50, hasTexture: false, initialize : function() { }, getColor: function(u, v){ }, wrapUp: function(t){ t = t % 2.0; if(t < -1) t += 2.0; if(t >= 1) t -= 2.0; return t; }, toString : function () { return 'Material [gloss=' + this.gloss + ', transparency=' + this.transparency + ', hasTexture=' + this.hasTexture +']'; } } /* Fake a Flog.* namespace */ if(typeof(Flog) == 'undefined') var Flog = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer = {}; Flog.RayTracer.Material.Solid = Class.create(); Flog.RayTracer.Material.Solid.prototype = Object.extend( new Flog.RayTracer.Material.BaseMaterial(), { initialize : function(color, reflection, refraction, transparency, gloss) { this.color = color; this.reflection = reflection; this.transparency = transparency; this.gloss = gloss; this.hasTexture = false; }, getColor: function(u, v){ return this.color; }, toString : function () { return 'SolidMaterial [gloss=' + this.gloss + ', transparency=' + this.transparency + ', hasTexture=' + this.hasTexture +']'; } } ); /* Fake a Flog.* namespace */ if(typeof(Flog) == 'undefined') var Flog = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer = {}; Flog.RayTracer.Material.Chessboard = Class.create(); Flog.RayTracer.Material.Chessboard.prototype = Object.extend( new Flog.RayTracer.Material.BaseMaterial(), { colorEven: null, colorOdd: null, density: 0.5, initialize : function(colorEven, colorOdd, reflection, transparency, gloss, density) { this.colorEven = colorEven; this.colorOdd = colorOdd; this.reflection = reflection; this.transparency = transparency; this.gloss = gloss; this.density = density; this.hasTexture = true; }, getColor: function(u, v){ var t = this.wrapUp(u * this.density) * this.wrapUp(v * this.density); if(t < 0.0) return this.colorEven; else return this.colorOdd; }, toString : function () { return 'ChessMaterial [gloss=' + this.gloss + ', transparency=' + this.transparency + ', hasTexture=' + this.hasTexture +']'; } } ); /* Fake a Flog.* namespace */ if(typeof(Flog) == 'undefined') var Flog = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer.Shape) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer.Shape = {}; Flog.RayTracer.Shape.BaseShape = Class.create(); Flog.RayTracer.Shape.BaseShape.prototype = { position: null, material: null, initialize : function() { this.position = new Vector(0,0,0); this.material = new Flog.RayTracer.Material.SolidMaterial( new Flog.RayTracer.Color(1,0,1), 0, 0, 0 ); }, toString : function () { return 'Material [gloss=' + this.gloss + ', transparency=' + this.transparency + ', hasTexture=' + this.hasTexture +']'; } } /* Fake a Flog.* namespace */ if(typeof(Flog) == 'undefined') var Flog = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer.Shape) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer.Shape = {}; Flog.RayTracer.Shape.Sphere = Class.create(); Flog.RayTracer.Shape.Sphere.prototype = { initialize : function(pos, radius, material) { this.radius = radius; this.position = pos; this.material = material; }, intersect: function(ray){ var info = new Flog.RayTracer.IntersectionInfo(); info.shape = this; var dst = Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.subtract(ray.position, this.position); var B = dst.dot(ray.direction); var C = dst.dot(dst) - (this.radius * this.radius); var D = (B * B) - C; if(D > 0){ // intersection! info.isHit = true; info.distance = (-B) - Math.sqrt(D); info.position = Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.add( ray.position, Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.multiplyScalar( ray.direction, info.distance ) ); info.normal = Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.subtract( info.position, this.position ).normalize(); info.color = this.material.getColor(0,0); } else { info.isHit = false; } return info; }, toString : function () { return 'Sphere [position=' + this.position + ', radius=' + this.radius + ']'; } } /* Fake a Flog.* namespace */ if(typeof(Flog) == 'undefined') var Flog = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer.Shape) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer.Shape = {}; Flog.RayTracer.Shape.Plane = Class.create(); Flog.RayTracer.Shape.Plane.prototype = { d: 0.0, initialize : function(pos, d, material) { this.position = pos; this.d = d; this.material = material; }, intersect: function(ray){ var info = new Flog.RayTracer.IntersectionInfo(); var Vd = this.position.dot(ray.direction); if(Vd == 0) return info; // no intersection var t = -(this.position.dot(ray.position) + this.d) / Vd; if(t <= 0) return info; info.shape = this; info.isHit = true; info.position = Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.add( ray.position, Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.multiplyScalar( ray.direction, t ) ); info.normal = this.position; info.distance = t; if(this.material.hasTexture){ var vU = new Flog.RayTracer.Vector(this.position.y, this.position.z, -this.position.x); var vV = vU.cross(this.position); var u = info.position.dot(vU); var v = info.position.dot(vV); info.color = this.material.getColor(u,v); } else { info.color = this.material.getColor(0,0); } return info; }, toString : function () { return 'Plane [' + this.position + ', d=' + this.d + ']'; } } /* Fake a Flog.* namespace */ if(typeof(Flog) == 'undefined') var Flog = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer = {}; Flog.RayTracer.IntersectionInfo = Class.create(); Flog.RayTracer.IntersectionInfo.prototype = { isHit: false, hitCount: 0, shape: null, position: null, normal: null, color: null, distance: null, initialize : function() { this.color = new Flog.RayTracer.Color(0,0,0); }, toString : function () { return 'Intersection [' + this.position + ']'; } } /* Fake a Flog.* namespace */ if(typeof(Flog) == 'undefined') var Flog = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer = {}; Flog.RayTracer.Camera = Class.create(); Flog.RayTracer.Camera.prototype = { position: null, lookAt: null, equator: null, up: null, screen: null, initialize : function(pos, lookAt, up) { this.position = pos; this.lookAt = lookAt; this.up = up; this.equator = lookAt.normalize().cross(this.up); this.screen = Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.add(this.position, this.lookAt); }, getRay: function(vx, vy){ var pos = Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.subtract( this.screen, Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.subtract( Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.multiplyScalar(this.equator, vx), Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.multiplyScalar(this.up, vy) ) ); pos.y = pos.y * -1; var dir = Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.subtract( pos, this.position ); var ray = new Flog.RayTracer.Ray(pos, dir.normalize()); return ray; }, toString : function () { return 'Ray []'; } } /* Fake a Flog.* namespace */ if(typeof(Flog) == 'undefined') var Flog = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer = {}; Flog.RayTracer.Background = Class.create(); Flog.RayTracer.Background.prototype = { color : null, ambience : 0.0, initialize : function(color, ambience) { this.color = color; this.ambience = ambience; } } /* Fake a Flog.* namespace */ if(typeof(Flog) == 'undefined') var Flog = {}; if(typeof(Flog.RayTracer) == 'undefined') Flog.RayTracer = {}; Flog.RayTracer.Engine = Class.create(); Flog.RayTracer.Engine.prototype = { canvas: null, /* 2d context we can render to */ initialize: function(options){ this.options = Object.extend({ canvasHeight: 100, canvasWidth: 100, pixelWidth: 2, pixelHeight: 2, renderDiffuse: false, renderShadows: false, renderHighlights: false, renderReflections: false, rayDepth: 2 }, options || {}); this.options.canvasHeight /= this.options.pixelHeight; this.options.canvasWidth /= this.options.pixelWidth; /* TODO: dynamically include other scripts */ }, setPixel: function(x, y, color){ var pxW, pxH; pxW = this.options.pixelWidth; pxH = this.options.pixelHeight; if (this.canvas) { this.canvas.fillStyle = color.toString(); this.canvas.fillRect (x * pxW, y * pxH, pxW, pxH); } else { if (x === y) { checkNumber += color.brightness(); } // print(x * pxW, y * pxH, pxW, pxH); } }, renderScene: function(scene, canvas){ checkNumber = 0; /* Get canvas */ if (canvas) { this.canvas = canvas.getContext("2d"); } else { this.canvas = null; } var canvasHeight = this.options.canvasHeight; var canvasWidth = this.options.canvasWidth; for(var y=0; y < canvasHeight; y++){ for(var x=0; x < canvasWidth; x++){ var yp = y * 1.0 / canvasHeight * 2 - 1; var xp = x * 1.0 / canvasWidth * 2 - 1; var ray = scene.camera.getRay(xp, yp); var color = this.getPixelColor(ray, scene); this.setPixel(x, y, color); } } assertEq(checkNumber, 2321); }, getPixelColor: function(ray, scene){ var info = this.testIntersection(ray, scene, null); if(info.isHit){ var color = this.rayTrace(info, ray, scene, 0); return color; } return scene.background.color; }, testIntersection: function(ray, scene, exclude){ var hits = 0; var best = new Flog.RayTracer.IntersectionInfo(); best.distance = 2000; for(var i=0; i<scene.shapes.length; i++){ var shape = scene.shapes[i]; if(shape != exclude){ var info = shape.intersect(ray); if(info.isHit && info.distance >= 0 && info.distance < best.distance){ best = info; hits++; } } } best.hitCount = hits; return best; }, getReflectionRay: function(P,N,V){ var c1 = -N.dot(V); var R1 = Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.add( Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.multiplyScalar(N, 2*c1), V ); return new Flog.RayTracer.Ray(P, R1); }, rayTrace: function(info, ray, scene, depth){ // Calc ambient var color = Flog.RayTracer.Color.prototype.multiplyScalar(info.color, scene.background.ambience); var oldColor = color; var shininess = Math.pow(10, info.shape.material.gloss + 1); for(var i=0; i<scene.lights.length; i++){ var light = scene.lights[i]; // Calc diffuse lighting var v = Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.subtract( light.position, info.position ).normalize(); if(this.options.renderDiffuse){ var L = v.dot(info.normal); if(L > 0.0){ color = Flog.RayTracer.Color.prototype.add( color, Flog.RayTracer.Color.prototype.multiply( info.color, Flog.RayTracer.Color.prototype.multiplyScalar( light.color, L ) ) ); } } // The greater the depth the more accurate the colours, but // this is exponentially (!) expensive if(depth <= this.options.rayDepth){ // calculate reflection ray if(this.options.renderReflections && info.shape.material.reflection > 0) { var reflectionRay = this.getReflectionRay(info.position, info.normal, ray.direction); var refl = this.testIntersection(reflectionRay, scene, info.shape); if (refl.isHit && refl.distance > 0){ refl.color = this.rayTrace(refl, reflectionRay, scene, depth + 1); } else { refl.color = scene.background.color; } color = Flog.RayTracer.Color.prototype.blend( color, refl.color, info.shape.material.reflection ); } // Refraction /* TODO */ } /* Render shadows and highlights */ var shadowInfo = new Flog.RayTracer.IntersectionInfo(); if(this.options.renderShadows){ var shadowRay = new Flog.RayTracer.Ray(info.position, v); shadowInfo = this.testIntersection(shadowRay, scene, info.shape); if(shadowInfo.isHit && shadowInfo.shape != info.shape /*&& shadowInfo.shape.type != 'PLANE'*/){ var vA = Flog.RayTracer.Color.prototype.multiplyScalar(color, 0.5); var dB = (0.5 * Math.pow(shadowInfo.shape.material.transparency, 0.5)); color = Flog.RayTracer.Color.prototype.addScalar(vA,dB); } } // Phong specular highlights if(this.options.renderHighlights && !shadowInfo.isHit && info.shape.material.gloss > 0){ var Lv = Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.subtract( info.shape.position, light.position ).normalize(); var E = Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.subtract( scene.camera.position, info.shape.position ).normalize(); var H = Flog.RayTracer.Vector.prototype.subtract( E, Lv ).normalize(); var glossWeight = Math.pow(Math.max(info.normal.dot(H), 0), shininess); color = Flog.RayTracer.Color.prototype.add( Flog.RayTracer.Color.prototype.multiplyScalar(light.color, glossWeight), color ); } } color.limit(); return color; } }; function renderScene(){ var scene = new Flog.RayTracer.Scene(); scene.camera = new Flog.RayTracer.Camera( new Flog.RayTracer.Vector(0, 0, -15), new Flog.RayTracer.Vector(-0.2, 0, 5), new Flog.RayTracer.Vector(0, 1, 0) ); scene.background = new Flog.RayTracer.Background( new Flog.RayTracer.Color(0.5, 0.5, 0.5), 0.4 ); var sphere = new Flog.RayTracer.Shape.Sphere( new Flog.RayTracer.Vector(-1.5, 1.5, 2), 1.5, new Flog.RayTracer.Material.Solid( new Flog.RayTracer.Color(0,0.5,0.5), 0.3, 0.0, 0.0, 2.0 ) ); var sphere1 = new Flog.RayTracer.Shape.Sphere( new Flog.RayTracer.Vector(1, 0.25, 1), 0.5, new Flog.RayTracer.Material.Solid( new Flog.RayTracer.Color(0.9,0.9,0.9), 0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 1.5 ) ); var plane = new Flog.RayTracer.Shape.Plane( new Flog.RayTracer.Vector(0.1, 0.9, -0.5).normalize(), 1.2, new Flog.RayTracer.Material.Chessboard( new Flog.RayTracer.Color(1,1,1), new Flog.RayTracer.Color(0,0,0), 0.2, 0.0, 1.0, 0.7 ) ); scene.shapes.push(plane); scene.shapes.push(sphere); scene.shapes.push(sphere1); var light = new Flog.RayTracer.Light( new Flog.RayTracer.Vector(5, 10, -1), new Flog.RayTracer.Color(0.8, 0.8, 0.8) ); var light1 = new Flog.RayTracer.Light( new Flog.RayTracer.Vector(-3, 5, -15), new Flog.RayTracer.Color(0.8, 0.8, 0.8), 100 ); scene.lights.push(light); scene.lights.push(light1); var imageWidth = 100; // $F('imageWidth'); var imageHeight = 100; // $F('imageHeight'); var pixelSize = "5,5".split(','); // $F('pixelSize').split(','); var renderDiffuse = true; // $F('renderDiffuse'); var renderShadows = true; // $F('renderShadows'); var renderHighlights = true; // $F('renderHighlights'); var renderReflections = true; // $F('renderReflections'); var rayDepth = 2;//$F('rayDepth'); var raytracer = new Flog.RayTracer.Engine( { canvasWidth: imageWidth, canvasHeight: imageHeight, pixelWidth: pixelSize[0], pixelHeight: pixelSize[1], "renderDiffuse": renderDiffuse, "renderHighlights": renderHighlights, "renderShadows": renderShadows, "renderReflections": renderReflections, "rayDepth": rayDepth } ); raytracer.renderScene(scene, null, 0); } renderScene();