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authorMatt A. Tobin <mattatobin@localhost.localdomain>2018-02-02 04:16:08 -0500
committerMatt A. Tobin <mattatobin@localhost.localdomain>2018-02-02 04:16:08 -0500
commit5f8de423f190bbb79a62f804151bc24824fa32d8 (patch)
tree10027f336435511475e392454359edea8e25895d /python/mock-1.0.0
parent49ee0794b5d912db1f95dce6eb52d781dc210db5 (diff)
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diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/LICENSE.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/LICENSE.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7891703b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/LICENSE.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+Copyright (c) 2003-2012, Michael Foord
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+ * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+ * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+ copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
+ disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
+ with the distribution.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/MANIFEST.in b/python/mock-1.0.0/MANIFEST.in
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d52b301de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/MANIFEST.in
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+include LICENSE.txt tox.ini tests/*.py
+recursive-include docs *.txt *.py *.png *.css *.html *.js
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/PKG-INFO b/python/mock-1.0.0/PKG-INFO
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4c7309c71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/PKG-INFO
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+Metadata-Version: 1.0
+Name: mock
+Version: 1.0.0
+Summary: A Python Mocking and Patching Library for Testing
+Home-page: http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/
+Author: Michael Foord
+Author-email: michael@voidspace.org.uk
+License: UNKNOWN
+Description: mock is a library for testing in Python. It allows you to replace parts of
+ your system under test with mock objects and make assertions about how they
+ have been used.
+
+ mock is now part of the Python standard library, available as `unittest.mock <
+ http://docs.python.org/py3k/library/unittest.mock.html#module-unittest.mock>`_
+ in Python 3.3 onwards.
+
+ mock provides a core `MagicMock` class removing the need to create a host of
+ stubs throughout your test suite. After performing an action, you can make
+ assertions about which methods / attributes were used and arguments they were
+ called with. You can also specify return values and set needed attributes in
+ the normal way.
+
+ mock is tested on Python versions 2.4-2.7 and Python 3. mock is also tested
+ with the latest versions of Jython and pypy.
+
+ The mock module also provides utility functions / objects to assist with
+ testing, particularly monkey patching.
+
+ * `PDF documentation for 1.0 beta 1
+ <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/downloads/mock-1.0.0.pdf>`_
+ * `mock on google code (repository and issue tracker)
+ <http://code.google.com/p/mock/>`_
+ * `mock documentation
+ <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/>`_
+ * `mock on PyPI <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/mock/>`_
+ * `Mailing list (testing-in-python@lists.idyll.org)
+ <http://lists.idyll.org/listinfo/testing-in-python>`_
+
+ Mock is very easy to use and is designed for use with
+ `unittest <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2>`_. Mock is based on
+ the 'action -> assertion' pattern instead of 'record -> replay' used by many
+ mocking frameworks. See the `mock documentation`_ for full details.
+
+ Mock objects create all attributes and methods as you access them and store
+ details of how they have been used. You can configure them, to specify return
+ values or limit what attributes are available, and then make assertions about
+ how they have been used::
+
+ >>> from mock import Mock
+ >>> real = ProductionClass()
+ >>> real.method = Mock(return_value=3)
+ >>> real.method(3, 4, 5, key='value')
+ 3
+ >>> real.method.assert_called_with(3, 4, 5, key='value')
+
+ `side_effect` allows you to perform side effects, return different values or
+ raise an exception when a mock is called::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(side_effect=KeyError('foo'))
+ >>> mock()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError: 'foo'
+ >>> values = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
+ >>> def side_effect(arg):
+ ... return values[arg]
+ ...
+ >>> mock.side_effect = side_effect
+ >>> mock('a'), mock('b'), mock('c')
+ (3, 2, 1)
+ >>> mock.side_effect = [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
+ >>> mock(), mock(), mock()
+ (5, 4, 3)
+
+ Mock has many other ways you can configure it and control its behaviour. For
+ example the `spec` argument configures the mock to take its specification from
+ another object. Attempting to access attributes or methods on the mock that
+ don't exist on the spec will fail with an `AttributeError`.
+
+ The `patch` decorator / context manager makes it easy to mock classes or
+ objects in a module under test. The object you specify will be replaced with a
+ mock (or other object) during the test and restored when the test ends::
+
+ >>> from mock import patch
+ >>> @patch('test_module.ClassName1')
+ ... @patch('test_module.ClassName2')
+ ... def test(MockClass2, MockClass1):
+ ... test_module.ClassName1()
+ ... test_module.ClassName2()
+
+ ... assert MockClass1.called
+ ... assert MockClass2.called
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+
+ .. note::
+
+ When you nest patch decorators the mocks are passed in to the decorated
+ function in the same order they applied (the normal *python* order that
+ decorators are applied). This means from the bottom up, so in the example
+ above the mock for `test_module.ClassName2` is passed in first.
+
+ With `patch` it matters that you patch objects in the namespace where they
+ are looked up. This is normally straightforward, but for a quick guide
+ read `where to patch
+ <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/patch.html#where-to-patch>`_.
+
+ As well as a decorator `patch` can be used as a context manager in a with
+ statement::
+
+ >>> with patch.object(ProductionClass, 'method') as mock_method:
+ ... mock_method.return_value = None
+ ... real = ProductionClass()
+ ... real.method(1, 2, 3)
+ ...
+ >>> mock_method.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
+
+ There is also `patch.dict` for setting values in a dictionary just during the
+ scope of a test and restoring the dictionary to its original state when the
+ test ends::
+
+ >>> foo = {'key': 'value'}
+ >>> original = foo.copy()
+ >>> with patch.dict(foo, {'newkey': 'newvalue'}, clear=True):
+ ... assert foo == {'newkey': 'newvalue'}
+ ...
+ >>> assert foo == original
+
+ Mock supports the mocking of Python magic methods. The easiest way of
+ using magic methods is with the `MagicMock` class. It allows you to do
+ things like::
+
+ >>> from mock import MagicMock
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> mock.__str__.return_value = 'foobarbaz'
+ >>> str(mock)
+ 'foobarbaz'
+ >>> mock.__str__.assert_called_once_with()
+
+ Mock allows you to assign functions (or other Mock instances) to magic methods
+ and they will be called appropriately. The MagicMock class is just a Mock
+ variant that has all of the magic methods pre-created for you (well - all the
+ useful ones anyway).
+
+ The following is an example of using magic methods with the ordinary Mock
+ class::
+
+ >>> from mock import Mock
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__str__ = Mock(return_value = 'wheeeeee')
+ >>> str(mock)
+ 'wheeeeee'
+
+ For ensuring that the mock objects your tests use have the same api as the
+ objects they are replacing, you can use "auto-speccing". Auto-speccing can
+ be done through the `autospec` argument to patch, or the `create_autospec`
+ function. Auto-speccing creates mock objects that have the same attributes
+ and methods as the objects they are replacing, and any functions and methods
+ (including constructors) have the same call signature as the real object.
+
+ This ensures that your mocks will fail in the same way as your production
+ code if they are used incorrectly::
+
+ >>> from mock import create_autospec
+ >>> def function(a, b, c):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> mock_function = create_autospec(function, return_value='fishy')
+ >>> mock_function(1, 2, 3)
+ 'fishy'
+ >>> mock_function.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
+ >>> mock_function('wrong arguments')
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ TypeError: <lambda>() takes exactly 3 arguments (1 given)
+
+ `create_autospec` can also be used on classes, where it copies the signature of
+ the `__init__` method, and on callable objects where it copies the signature of
+ the `__call__` method.
+
+ The distribution contains tests and documentation. The tests require
+ `unittest2 <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2>`_ to run.
+
+ Docs from the in-development version of `mock` can be found at
+ `mock.readthedocs.org <http://mock.readthedocs.org>`_.
+
+Keywords: testing,test,mock,mocking,unittest,patching,stubs,fakes,doubles
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Environment :: Console
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.4
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.1
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.2
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: Jython
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Testing
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/README.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/README.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..385db3cae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/README.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+mock is a library for testing in Python. It allows you to replace parts of
+your system under test with mock objects and make assertions about how they
+have been used.
+
+mock is now part of the Python standard library, available as `unittest.mock <
+http://docs.python.org/py3k/library/unittest.mock.html#module-unittest.mock>`_
+in Python 3.3 onwards.
+
+mock provides a core `MagicMock` class removing the need to create a host of
+stubs throughout your test suite. After performing an action, you can make
+assertions about which methods / attributes were used and arguments they were
+called with. You can also specify return values and set needed attributes in
+the normal way.
+
+mock is tested on Python versions 2.4-2.7 and Python 3. mock is also tested
+with the latest versions of Jython and pypy.
+
+The mock module also provides utility functions / objects to assist with
+testing, particularly monkey patching.
+
+* `PDF documentation for 1.0 beta 1
+ <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/downloads/mock-1.0.0.pdf>`_
+* `mock on google code (repository and issue tracker)
+ <http://code.google.com/p/mock/>`_
+* `mock documentation
+ <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/>`_
+* `mock on PyPI <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/mock/>`_
+* `Mailing list (testing-in-python@lists.idyll.org)
+ <http://lists.idyll.org/listinfo/testing-in-python>`_
+
+Mock is very easy to use and is designed for use with
+`unittest <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2>`_. Mock is based on
+the 'action -> assertion' pattern instead of 'record -> replay' used by many
+mocking frameworks. See the `mock documentation`_ for full details.
+
+Mock objects create all attributes and methods as you access them and store
+details of how they have been used. You can configure them, to specify return
+values or limit what attributes are available, and then make assertions about
+how they have been used::
+
+ >>> from mock import Mock
+ >>> real = ProductionClass()
+ >>> real.method = Mock(return_value=3)
+ >>> real.method(3, 4, 5, key='value')
+ 3
+ >>> real.method.assert_called_with(3, 4, 5, key='value')
+
+`side_effect` allows you to perform side effects, return different values or
+raise an exception when a mock is called::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(side_effect=KeyError('foo'))
+ >>> mock()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError: 'foo'
+ >>> values = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
+ >>> def side_effect(arg):
+ ... return values[arg]
+ ...
+ >>> mock.side_effect = side_effect
+ >>> mock('a'), mock('b'), mock('c')
+ (3, 2, 1)
+ >>> mock.side_effect = [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
+ >>> mock(), mock(), mock()
+ (5, 4, 3)
+
+Mock has many other ways you can configure it and control its behaviour. For
+example the `spec` argument configures the mock to take its specification from
+another object. Attempting to access attributes or methods on the mock that
+don't exist on the spec will fail with an `AttributeError`.
+
+The `patch` decorator / context manager makes it easy to mock classes or
+objects in a module under test. The object you specify will be replaced with a
+mock (or other object) during the test and restored when the test ends::
+
+ >>> from mock import patch
+ >>> @patch('test_module.ClassName1')
+ ... @patch('test_module.ClassName2')
+ ... def test(MockClass2, MockClass1):
+ ... test_module.ClassName1()
+ ... test_module.ClassName2()
+
+ ... assert MockClass1.called
+ ... assert MockClass2.called
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+
+.. note::
+
+ When you nest patch decorators the mocks are passed in to the decorated
+ function in the same order they applied (the normal *python* order that
+ decorators are applied). This means from the bottom up, so in the example
+ above the mock for `test_module.ClassName2` is passed in first.
+
+ With `patch` it matters that you patch objects in the namespace where they
+ are looked up. This is normally straightforward, but for a quick guide
+ read `where to patch
+ <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/patch.html#where-to-patch>`_.
+
+As well as a decorator `patch` can be used as a context manager in a with
+statement::
+
+ >>> with patch.object(ProductionClass, 'method') as mock_method:
+ ... mock_method.return_value = None
+ ... real = ProductionClass()
+ ... real.method(1, 2, 3)
+ ...
+ >>> mock_method.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
+
+There is also `patch.dict` for setting values in a dictionary just during the
+scope of a test and restoring the dictionary to its original state when the
+test ends::
+
+ >>> foo = {'key': 'value'}
+ >>> original = foo.copy()
+ >>> with patch.dict(foo, {'newkey': 'newvalue'}, clear=True):
+ ... assert foo == {'newkey': 'newvalue'}
+ ...
+ >>> assert foo == original
+
+Mock supports the mocking of Python magic methods. The easiest way of
+using magic methods is with the `MagicMock` class. It allows you to do
+things like::
+
+ >>> from mock import MagicMock
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> mock.__str__.return_value = 'foobarbaz'
+ >>> str(mock)
+ 'foobarbaz'
+ >>> mock.__str__.assert_called_once_with()
+
+Mock allows you to assign functions (or other Mock instances) to magic methods
+and they will be called appropriately. The MagicMock class is just a Mock
+variant that has all of the magic methods pre-created for you (well - all the
+useful ones anyway).
+
+The following is an example of using magic methods with the ordinary Mock
+class::
+
+ >>> from mock import Mock
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__str__ = Mock(return_value = 'wheeeeee')
+ >>> str(mock)
+ 'wheeeeee'
+
+For ensuring that the mock objects your tests use have the same api as the
+objects they are replacing, you can use "auto-speccing". Auto-speccing can
+be done through the `autospec` argument to patch, or the `create_autospec`
+function. Auto-speccing creates mock objects that have the same attributes
+and methods as the objects they are replacing, and any functions and methods
+(including constructors) have the same call signature as the real object.
+
+This ensures that your mocks will fail in the same way as your production
+code if they are used incorrectly::
+
+ >>> from mock import create_autospec
+ >>> def function(a, b, c):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> mock_function = create_autospec(function, return_value='fishy')
+ >>> mock_function(1, 2, 3)
+ 'fishy'
+ >>> mock_function.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
+ >>> mock_function('wrong arguments')
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ TypeError: <lambda>() takes exactly 3 arguments (1 given)
+
+`create_autospec` can also be used on classes, where it copies the signature of
+the `__init__` method, and on callable objects where it copies the signature of
+the `__call__` method.
+
+The distribution contains tests and documentation. The tests require
+`unittest2 <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2>`_ to run.
+
+Docs from the in-development version of `mock` can be found at
+`mock.readthedocs.org <http://mock.readthedocs.org>`_.
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/changelog.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/changelog.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a605be3d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/changelog.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,725 @@
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+
+CHANGELOG
+=========
+
+2012/10/07 Version 1.0.0
+------------------------
+
+No changes since 1.0.0 beta 1. This version has feature parity with
+`unittest.mock
+<http://docs.python.org/py3k/library/unittest.mock.html#module-unittest.mock>`_
+in Python 3.3.
+
+Full list of changes since 0.8:
+
+* `mocksignature`, along with the `mocksignature` argument to `patch`, removed
+* Support for deleting attributes (accessing deleted attributes will raise an
+ `AttributeError`)
+* Added the `mock_open` helper function for mocking the builtin `open`
+* `__class__` is assignable, so a mock can pass an `isinstance` check without
+ requiring a spec
+* Addition of `PropertyMock`, for mocking properties
+* `MagicMocks` made unorderable by default (in Python 3). The comparison
+ methods (other than equality and inequality) now return `NotImplemented`
+* Propagate traceback info to support subclassing of `_patch` by other
+ libraries
+* `create_autospec` works with attributes present in results of `dir` that
+ can't be fetched from the object's class. Contributed by Konstantine Rybnikov
+* Any exceptions in an iterable `side_effect` will be raised instead of
+ returned
+* In Python 3, `create_autospec` now supports keyword only arguments
+* Added `patch.stopall` method to stop all active patches created by `start`
+* BUGFIX: calling `MagicMock.reset_mock` wouldn't reset magic method mocks
+* BUGFIX: calling `reset_mock` on a `MagicMock` created with autospec could
+ raise an exception
+* BUGFIX: passing multiple spec arguments to patchers (`spec` , `spec_set` and
+ `autospec`) had unpredictable results, now it is an error
+* BUGFIX: using `spec=True` *and* `create=True` as arguments to patchers could
+ result in using `DEFAULT` as the spec. Now it is an error instead
+* BUGFIX: using `spec` or `autospec` arguments to patchers, along with
+ `spec_set=True` did not work correctly
+* BUGFIX: using an object that evaluates to False as a spec could be ignored
+* BUGFIX: a list as the `spec` argument to a patcher would always result in a
+ non-callable mock. Now if `__call__` is in the spec the mock is callable
+
+
+2012/07/13 Version 1.0.0 beta 1
+--------------------------------
+
+* Added `patch.stopall` method to stop all active patches created by `start`
+* BUGFIX: calling `MagicMock.reset_mock` wouldn't reset magic method mocks
+* BUGFIX: calling `reset_mock` on a `MagicMock` created with autospec could
+ raise an exception
+
+
+2012/05/04 Version 1.0.0 alpha 2
+--------------------------------
+
+* `PropertyMock` attributes are now standard `MagicMocks`
+* `create_autospec` works with attributes present in results of `dir` that
+ can't be fetched from the object's class. Contributed by Konstantine Rybnikov
+* Any exceptions in an iterable `side_effect` will be raised instead of
+ returned
+* In Python 3, `create_autospec` now supports keyword only arguments
+
+
+2012/03/25 Version 1.0.0 alpha 1
+--------------------------------
+
+The standard library version!
+
+* `mocksignature`, along with the `mocksignature` argument to `patch`, removed
+* Support for deleting attributes (accessing deleted attributes will raise an
+ `AttributeError`)
+* Added the `mock_open` helper function for mocking the builtin `open`
+* `__class__` is assignable, so a mock can pass an `isinstance` check without
+ requiring a spec
+* Addition of `PropertyMock`, for mocking properties
+* `MagicMocks` made unorderable by default (in Python 3). The comparison
+ methods (other than equality and inequality) now return `NotImplemented`
+* Propagate traceback info to support subclassing of `_patch` by other
+ libraries
+* BUGFIX: passing multiple spec arguments to patchers (`spec` , `spec_set` and
+ `autospec`) had unpredictable results, now it is an error
+* BUGFIX: using `spec=True` *and* `create=True` as arguments to patchers could
+ result in using `DEFAULT` as the spec. Now it is an error instead
+* BUGFIX: using `spec` or `autospec` arguments to patchers, along with
+ `spec_set=True` did not work correctly
+* BUGFIX: using an object that evaluates to False as a spec could be ignored
+* BUGFIX: a list as the `spec` argument to a patcher would always result in a
+ non-callable mock. Now if `__call__` is in the spec the mock is callable
+
+
+2012/02/13 Version 0.8.0
+------------------------
+
+The only changes since 0.8rc2 are:
+
+* Improved repr of :data:`sentinel` objects
+* :data:`ANY` can be used for comparisons against :data:`call` objects
+* The return value of `MagicMock.__iter__` method can be set to
+ any iterable and isn't required to be an iterator
+
+Full List of changes since 0.7:
+
+mock 0.8.0 is the last version that will support Python 2.4.
+
+* Addition of :attr:`~Mock.mock_calls` list for *all* calls (including magic
+ methods and chained calls)
+* :func:`patch` and :func:`patch.object` now create a :class:`MagicMock`
+ instead of a :class:`Mock` by default
+* The patchers (`patch`, `patch.object` and `patch.dict`), plus `Mock` and
+ `MagicMock`, take arbitrary keyword arguments for configuration
+* New mock method :meth:`~Mock.configure_mock` for setting attributes and
+ return values / side effects on the mock and its attributes
+* New mock assert methods :meth:`~Mock.assert_any_call` and
+ :meth:`~Mock.assert_has_calls`
+* Implemented :ref:`auto-speccing` (recursive, lazy speccing of mocks with
+ mocked signatures for functions/methods), as the `autospec` argument to
+ `patch`
+* Added the :func:`create_autospec` function for manually creating
+ 'auto-specced' mocks
+* :func:`patch.multiple` for doing multiple patches in a single call, using
+ keyword arguments
+* Setting :attr:`~Mock.side_effect` to an iterable will cause calls to the mock
+ to return the next value from the iterable
+* New `new_callable` argument to `patch` and `patch.object` allowing you to
+ pass in a class or callable object (instead of `MagicMock`) that will be
+ called to replace the object being patched
+* Addition of :class:`NonCallableMock` and :class:`NonCallableMagicMock`, mocks
+ without a `__call__` method
+* Addition of :meth:`~Mock.mock_add_spec` method for adding (or changing) a
+ spec on an existing mock
+* Protocol methods on :class:`MagicMock` are magic mocks, and are created
+ lazily on first lookup. This means the result of calling a protocol method is
+ a `MagicMock` instead of a `Mock` as it was previously
+* Addition of :meth:`~Mock.attach_mock` method
+* Added :data:`ANY` for ignoring arguments in :meth:`~Mock.assert_called_with`
+ calls
+* Addition of :data:`call` helper object
+* Improved repr for mocks
+* Improved repr for :attr:`Mock.call_args` and entries in
+ :attr:`Mock.call_args_list`, :attr:`Mock.method_calls` and
+ :attr:`Mock.mock_calls`
+* Improved repr for :data:`sentinel` objects
+* `patch` lookup is done at use time not at decoration time
+* In Python 2.6 or more recent, `dir` on a mock will report all the dynamically
+ created attributes (or the full list of attributes if there is a spec) as
+ well as all the mock methods and attributes.
+* Module level :data:`FILTER_DIR` added to control whether `dir(mock)` filters
+ private attributes. `True` by default.
+* `patch.TEST_PREFIX` for controlling how patchers recognise test methods when
+ used to decorate a class
+* Support for using Java exceptions as a :attr:`~Mock.side_effect` on Jython
+* `Mock` call lists (`call_args_list`, `method_calls` & `mock_calls`) are now
+ custom list objects that allow membership tests for "sub lists" and have
+ a nicer representation if you `str` or `print` them
+* Mocks attached as attributes or return values to other mocks have calls
+ recorded in `method_calls` and `mock_calls` of the parent (unless a name is
+ already set on the child)
+* Improved failure messages for `assert_called_with` and
+ `assert_called_once_with`
+* The return value of the :class:`MagicMock` `__iter__` method can be set to
+ any iterable and isn't required to be an iterator
+* Added the Mock API (`assert_called_with` etc) to functions created by
+ :func:`mocksignature`
+* Tuples as well as lists can be used to specify allowed methods for `spec` &
+ `spec_set` arguments
+* Calling `stop` on an unstarted patcher fails with a more meaningful error
+ message
+* Renamed the internal classes `Sentinel` and `SentinelObject` to prevent abuse
+* BUGFIX: an error creating a patch, with nested patch decorators, won't leave
+ patches in place
+* BUGFIX: `__truediv__` and `__rtruediv__` not available as magic methods on
+ mocks in Python 3
+* BUGFIX: `assert_called_with` / `assert_called_once_with` can be used with
+ `self` as a keyword argument
+* BUGFIX: when patching a class with an explicit spec / spec_set (not a
+ boolean) it applies "spec inheritance" to the return value of the created
+ mock (the "instance")
+* BUGFIX: remove the `__unittest` marker causing traceback truncation
+* Removal of deprecated `patch_object`
+* Private attributes `_name`, `_methods`, '_children', `_wraps` and `_parent`
+ (etc) renamed to reduce likelihood of clash with user attributes.
+* Added license file to the distribution
+
+
+2012/01/10 Version 0.8.0 release candidate 2
+--------------------------------------------
+
+* Removed the `configure` keyword argument to `create_autospec` and allow
+ arbitrary keyword arguments (for the `Mock` constructor) instead
+* Fixed `ANY` equality with some types in `assert_called_with` calls
+* Switched to a standard Sphinx theme (compatible with
+ `readthedocs.org <http://mock.readthedocs.org>`_)
+
+
+2011/12/29 Version 0.8.0 release candidate 1
+--------------------------------------------
+
+* `create_autospec` on the return value of a mocked class will use `__call__`
+ for the signature rather than `__init__`
+* Performance improvement instantiating `Mock` and `MagicMock`
+* Mocks used as magic methods have the same type as their parent instead of
+ being hardcoded to `MagicMock`
+
+Special thanks to Julian Berman for his help with diagnosing and improving
+performance in this release.
+
+
+2011/10/09 Version 0.8.0 beta 4
+-------------------------------
+
+* `patch` lookup is done at use time not at decoration time
+* When attaching a Mock to another Mock as a magic method, calls are recorded
+ in mock_calls
+* Addition of `attach_mock` method
+* Renamed the internal classes `Sentinel` and `SentinelObject` to prevent abuse
+* BUGFIX: various issues around circular references with mocks (setting a mock
+ return value to be itself etc)
+
+
+2011/08/15 Version 0.8.0 beta 3
+-------------------------------
+
+* Mocks attached as attributes or return values to other mocks have calls
+ recorded in `method_calls` and `mock_calls` of the parent (unless a name is
+ already set on the child)
+* Addition of `mock_add_spec` method for adding (or changing) a spec on an
+ existing mock
+* Improved repr for `Mock.call_args` and entries in `Mock.call_args_list`,
+ `Mock.method_calls` and `Mock.mock_calls`
+* Improved repr for mocks
+* BUGFIX: minor fixes in the way `mock_calls` is worked out,
+ especially for "intermediate" mocks in a call chain
+
+
+2011/08/05 Version 0.8.0 beta 2
+-------------------------------
+
+* Setting `side_effect` to an iterable will cause calls to the mock to return
+ the next value from the iterable
+* Added `assert_any_call` method
+* Moved `assert_has_calls` from call lists onto mocks
+* BUGFIX: `call_args` and all members of `call_args_list` are two tuples of
+ `(args, kwargs)` again instead of three tuples of `(name, args, kwargs)`
+
+
+2011/07/25 Version 0.8.0 beta 1
+-------------------------------
+
+* `patch.TEST_PREFIX` for controlling how patchers recognise test methods when
+ used to decorate a class
+* `Mock` call lists (`call_args_list`, `method_calls` & `mock_calls`) are now
+ custom list objects that allow membership tests for "sub lists" and have
+ an `assert_has_calls` method for unordered call checks
+* `callargs` changed to *always* be a three-tuple of `(name, args, kwargs)`
+* Addition of `mock_calls` list for *all* calls (including magic methods and
+ chained calls)
+* Extension of `call` object to support chained calls and `callargs` for better
+ comparisons with or without names. `call` object has a `call_list` method for
+ chained calls
+* Added the public `instance` argument to `create_autospec`
+* Support for using Java exceptions as a `side_effect` on Jython
+* Improved failure messages for `assert_called_with` and
+ `assert_called_once_with`
+* Tuples as well as lists can be used to specify allowed methods for `spec` &
+ `spec_set` arguments
+* BUGFIX: Fixed bug in `patch.multiple` for argument passing when creating
+ mocks
+* Added license file to the distribution
+
+
+2011/07/16 Version 0.8.0 alpha 2
+--------------------------------
+
+* `patch.multiple` for doing multiple patches in a single call, using keyword
+ arguments
+* New `new_callable` argument to `patch` and `patch.object` allowing you to
+ pass in a class or callable object (instead of `MagicMock`) that will be
+ called to replace the object being patched
+* Addition of `NonCallableMock` and `NonCallableMagicMock`, mocks without a
+ `__call__` method
+* Mocks created by `patch` have a `MagicMock` as the `return_value` where a
+ class is being patched
+* `create_autospec` can create non-callable mocks for non-callable objects.
+ `return_value` mocks of classes will be non-callable unless the class has
+ a `__call__` method
+* `autospec` creates a `MagicMock` without a spec for properties and slot
+ descriptors, because we don't know the type of object they return
+* Removed the "inherit" argument from `create_autospec`
+* Calling `stop` on an unstarted patcher fails with a more meaningful error
+ message
+* BUGFIX: an error creating a patch, with nested patch decorators, won't leave
+ patches in place
+* BUGFIX: `__truediv__` and `__rtruediv__` not available as magic methods on
+ mocks in Python 3
+* BUGFIX: `assert_called_with` / `assert_called_once_with` can be used with
+ `self` as a keyword argument
+* BUGFIX: autospec for functions / methods with an argument named self that
+ isn't the first argument no longer broken
+* BUGFIX: when patching a class with an explicit spec / spec_set (not a
+ boolean) it applies "spec inheritance" to the return value of the created
+ mock (the "instance")
+* BUGFIX: remove the `__unittest` marker causing traceback truncation
+
+
+2011/06/14 Version 0.8.0 alpha 1
+--------------------------------
+
+mock 0.8.0 is the last version that will support Python 2.4.
+
+* The patchers (`patch`, `patch.object` and `patch.dict`), plus `Mock` and
+ `MagicMock`, take arbitrary keyword arguments for configuration
+* New mock method `configure_mock` for setting attributes and return values /
+ side effects on the mock and its attributes
+* In Python 2.6 or more recent, `dir` on a mock will report all the dynamically
+ created attributes (or the full list of attributes if there is a spec) as
+ well as all the mock methods and attributes.
+* Module level `FILTER_DIR` added to control whether `dir(mock)` filters
+ private attributes. `True` by default. Note that `vars(Mock())` can still be
+ used to get all instance attributes and `dir(type(Mock())` will still return
+ all the other attributes (irrespective of `FILTER_DIR`)
+* `patch` and `patch.object` now create a `MagicMock` instead of a `Mock` by
+ default
+* Added `ANY` for ignoring arguments in `assert_called_with` calls
+* Addition of `call` helper object
+* Protocol methods on `MagicMock` are magic mocks, and are created lazily on
+ first lookup. This means the result of calling a protocol method is a
+ MagicMock instead of a Mock as it was previously
+* Added the Mock API (`assert_called_with` etc) to functions created by
+ `mocksignature`
+* Private attributes `_name`, `_methods`, '_children', `_wraps` and `_parent`
+ (etc) renamed to reduce likelihood of clash with user attributes.
+* Implemented auto-speccing (recursive, lazy speccing of mocks with mocked
+ signatures for functions/methods)
+
+ Limitations:
+
+ - Doesn't mock magic methods or attributes (it creates MagicMocks, so the
+ magic methods are *there*, they just don't have the signature mocked nor
+ are attributes followed)
+ - Doesn't mock function / method attributes
+ - Uses object traversal on the objects being mocked to determine types - so
+ properties etc may be triggered
+ - The return value of mocked classes (the 'instance') has the same call
+ signature as the class __init__ (as they share the same spec)
+
+ You create auto-specced mocks by passing `autospec=True` to `patch`.
+
+ Note that attributes that are None are special cased and mocked without a
+ spec (so any attribute / method can be used). This is because None is
+ typically used as a default value for attributes that may be of some other
+ type, and as we don't know what type that may be we allow all access.
+
+ Note that the `autospec` option to `patch` obsoletes the `mocksignature`
+ option.
+
+* Added the `create_autospec` function for manually creating 'auto-specced'
+ mocks
+* Removal of deprecated `patch_object`
+
+
+2011/05/30 Version 0.7.2
+------------------------
+
+* BUGFIX: instances of list subclasses can now be used as mock specs
+* BUGFIX: MagicMock equality / inequality protocol methods changed to use the
+ default equality / inequality. This is done through a `side_effect` on
+ the mocks used for `__eq__` / `__ne__`
+
+
+2011/05/06 Version 0.7.1
+------------------------
+
+Package fixes contributed by Michael Fladischer. No code changes.
+
+* Include template in package
+* Use isolated binaries for the tox tests
+* Unset executable bit on docs
+* Fix DOS line endings in getting-started.txt
+
+
+2011/03/05 Version 0.7.0
+------------------------
+
+No API changes since 0.7.0 rc1. Many documentation changes including a stylish
+new `Sphinx theme <https://github.com/coordt/ADCtheme/>`_.
+
+The full set of changes since 0.6.0 are:
+
+* Python 3 compatibility
+* Ability to mock magic methods with `Mock` and addition of `MagicMock`
+ with pre-created magic methods
+* Addition of `mocksignature` and `mocksignature` argument to `patch` and
+ `patch.object`
+* Addition of `patch.dict` for changing dictionaries during a test
+* Ability to use `patch`, `patch.object` and `patch.dict` as class decorators
+* Renamed ``patch_object`` to `patch.object` (``patch_object`` is
+ deprecated)
+* Addition of soft comparisons: `call_args`, `call_args_list` and `method_calls`
+ now return tuple-like objects which compare equal even when empty args
+ or kwargs are skipped
+* patchers (`patch`, `patch.object` and `patch.dict`) have start and stop
+ methods
+* Addition of `assert_called_once_with` method
+* Mocks can now be named (`name` argument to constructor) and the name is used
+ in the repr
+* repr of a mock with a spec includes the class name of the spec
+* `assert_called_with` works with `python -OO`
+* New `spec_set` keyword argument to `Mock` and `patch`. If used,
+ attempting to *set* an attribute on a mock not on the spec will raise an
+ `AttributeError`
+* Mocks created with a spec can now pass `isinstance` tests (`__class__`
+ returns the type of the spec)
+* Added docstrings to all objects
+* Improved failure message for `Mock.assert_called_with` when the mock
+ has not been called at all
+* Decorated functions / methods have their docstring and `__module__`
+ preserved on Python 2.4.
+* BUGFIX: `mock.patch` now works correctly with certain types of objects that
+ proxy attribute access, like the django settings object
+* BUGFIX: mocks are now copyable (thanks to Ned Batchelder for reporting and
+ diagnosing this)
+* BUGFIX: `spec=True` works with old style classes
+* BUGFIX: ``help(mock)`` works now (on the module). Can no longer use ``__bases__``
+ as a valid sentinel name (thanks to Stephen Emslie for reporting and
+ diagnosing this)
+* BUGFIX: ``side_effect`` now works with ``BaseException`` exceptions like
+ ``KeyboardInterrupt``
+* BUGFIX: `reset_mock` caused infinite recursion when a mock is set as its own
+ return value
+* BUGFIX: patching the same object twice now restores the patches correctly
+* with statement tests now skipped on Python 2.4
+* Tests require unittest2 (or unittest2-py3k) to run
+* Tested with `tox <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/tox>`_ on Python 2.4 - 3.2,
+ jython and pypy (excluding 3.0)
+* Added 'build_sphinx' command to setup.py (requires setuptools or distribute)
+ Thanks to Florian Bauer
+* Switched from subversion to mercurial for source code control
+* `Konrad Delong <http://konryd.blogspot.com/>`_ added as co-maintainer
+
+
+2011/02/16 Version 0.7.0 RC 1
+-----------------------------
+
+Changes since beta 4:
+
+* Tested with jython, pypy and Python 3.2 and 3.1
+* Decorated functions / methods have their docstring and `__module__`
+ preserved on Python 2.4
+* BUGFIX: `mock.patch` now works correctly with certain types of objects that
+ proxy attribute access, like the django settings object
+* BUGFIX: `reset_mock` caused infinite recursion when a mock is set as its own
+ return value
+
+
+2010/11/12 Version 0.7.0 beta 4
+-------------------------------
+
+* patchers (`patch`, `patch.object` and `patch.dict`) have start and stop
+ methods
+* Addition of `assert_called_once_with` method
+* repr of a mock with a spec includes the class name of the spec
+* `assert_called_with` works with `python -OO`
+* New `spec_set` keyword argument to `Mock` and `patch`. If used,
+ attempting to *set* an attribute on a mock not on the spec will raise an
+ `AttributeError`
+* Attributes and return value of a `MagicMock` are `MagicMock` objects
+* Attempting to set an unsupported magic method now raises an `AttributeError`
+* `patch.dict` works as a class decorator
+* Switched from subversion to mercurial for source code control
+* BUGFIX: mocks are now copyable (thanks to Ned Batchelder for reporting and
+ diagnosing this)
+* BUGFIX: `spec=True` works with old style classes
+* BUGFIX: `mocksignature=True` can now patch instance methods via
+ `patch.object`
+
+
+2010/09/18 Version 0.7.0 beta 3
+-------------------------------
+
+* Using spec with :class:`MagicMock` only pre-creates magic methods in the spec
+* Setting a magic method on a mock with a ``spec`` can only be done if the
+ spec has that method
+* Mocks can now be named (`name` argument to constructor) and the name is used
+ in the repr
+* `mocksignature` can now be used with classes (signature based on `__init__`)
+ and callable objects (signature based on `__call__`)
+* Mocks created with a spec can now pass `isinstance` tests (`__class__`
+ returns the type of the spec)
+* Default numeric value for MagicMock is 1 rather than zero (because the
+ MagicMock bool defaults to True and 0 is False)
+* Improved failure message for :meth:`~Mock.assert_called_with` when the mock
+ has not been called at all
+* Adding the following to the set of supported magic methods:
+
+ - ``__getformat__`` and ``__setformat__``
+ - pickle methods
+ - ``__trunc__``, ``__ceil__`` and ``__floor__``
+ - ``__sizeof__``
+
+* Added 'build_sphinx' command to setup.py (requires setuptools or distribute)
+ Thanks to Florian Bauer
+* with statement tests now skipped on Python 2.4
+* Tests require unittest2 to run on Python 2.7
+* Improved several docstrings and documentation
+
+
+2010/06/23 Version 0.7.0 beta 2
+-------------------------------
+
+* :func:`patch.dict` works as a context manager as well as a decorator
+* ``patch.dict`` takes a string to specify dictionary as well as a dictionary
+ object. If a string is supplied the name specified is imported
+* BUGFIX: ``patch.dict`` restores dictionary even when an exception is raised
+
+
+2010/06/22 Version 0.7.0 beta 1
+-------------------------------
+
+* Addition of :func:`mocksignature`
+* Ability to mock magic methods
+* Ability to use ``patch`` and ``patch.object`` as class decorators
+* Renamed ``patch_object`` to :func:`patch.object` (``patch_object`` is
+ deprecated)
+* Addition of :class:`MagicMock` class with all magic methods pre-created for you
+* Python 3 compatibility (tested with 3.2 but should work with 3.0 & 3.1 as
+ well)
+* Addition of :func:`patch.dict` for changing dictionaries during a test
+* Addition of ``mocksignature`` argument to ``patch`` and ``patch.object``
+* ``help(mock)`` works now (on the module). Can no longer use ``__bases__``
+ as a valid sentinel name (thanks to Stephen Emslie for reporting and
+ diagnosing this)
+* Addition of soft comparisons: `call_args`, `call_args_list` and `method_calls`
+ now return tuple-like objects which compare equal even when empty args
+ or kwargs are skipped
+* Added docstrings.
+* BUGFIX: ``side_effect`` now works with ``BaseException`` exceptions like
+ ``KeyboardInterrupt``
+* BUGFIX: patching the same object twice now restores the patches correctly
+* The tests now require `unittest2 <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2>`_
+ to run
+* `Konrad Delong <http://konryd.blogspot.com/>`_ added as co-maintainer
+
+
+2009/08/22 Version 0.6.0
+------------------------
+
+* New test layout compatible with test discovery
+* Descriptors (static methods / class methods etc) can now be patched and
+ restored correctly
+* Mocks can raise exceptions when called by setting ``side_effect`` to an
+ exception class or instance
+* Mocks that wrap objects will not pass on calls to the underlying object if
+ an explicit return_value is set
+
+
+2009/04/17 Version 0.5.0
+------------------------
+
+* Made DEFAULT part of the public api.
+* Documentation built with Sphinx.
+* ``side_effect`` is now called with the same arguments as the mock is called with and
+ if returns a non-DEFAULT value that is automatically set as the ``mock.return_value``.
+* ``wraps`` keyword argument used for wrapping objects (and passing calls through to the wrapped object).
+* ``Mock.reset`` renamed to ``Mock.reset_mock``, as reset is a common API name.
+* ``patch`` / ``patch_object`` are now context managers and can be used with ``with``.
+* A new 'create' keyword argument to patch and patch_object that allows them to patch
+ (and unpatch) attributes that don't exist. (Potentially unsafe to use - it can allow
+ you to have tests that pass when they are testing an API that doesn't exist - use at
+ your own risk!)
+* The methods keyword argument to Mock has been removed and merged with spec. The spec
+ argument can now be a list of methods or an object to take the spec from.
+* Nested patches may now be applied in a different order (created mocks passed
+ in the opposite order). This is actually a bugfix.
+* patch and patch_object now take a spec keyword argument. If spec is
+ passed in as 'True' then the Mock created will take the object it is replacing
+ as its spec object. If the object being replaced is a class, then the return
+ value for the mock will also use the class as a spec.
+* A Mock created without a spec will not attempt to mock any magic methods / attributes
+ (they will raise an ``AttributeError`` instead).
+
+
+2008/10/12 Version 0.4.0
+------------------------
+
+* Default return value is now a new mock rather than None
+* return_value added as a keyword argument to the constructor
+* New method 'assert_called_with'
+* Added 'side_effect' attribute / keyword argument called when mock is called
+* patch decorator split into two decorators:
+
+ - ``patch_object`` which takes an object and an attribute name to patch
+ (plus optionally a value to patch with which defaults to a mock object)
+ - ``patch`` which takes a string specifying a target to patch; in the form
+ 'package.module.Class.attribute'. (plus optionally a value to
+ patch with which defaults to a mock object)
+
+* Can now patch objects with ``None``
+* Change to patch for nose compatibility with error reporting in wrapped functions
+* Reset no longer clears children / return value etc - it just resets
+ call count and call args. It also calls reset on all children (and
+ the return value if it is a mock).
+
+Thanks to Konrad Delong, Kevin Dangoor and others for patches and suggestions.
+
+
+2007/12/03 Version 0.3.1
+-------------------------
+
+``patch`` maintains the name of decorated functions for compatibility with nose
+test autodiscovery.
+
+Tests decorated with ``patch`` that use the two argument form (implicit mock
+creation) will receive the mock(s) passed in as extra arguments.
+
+Thanks to Kevin Dangoor for these changes.
+
+
+2007/11/30 Version 0.3.0
+-------------------------
+
+Removed ``patch_module``. ``patch`` can now take a string as the first
+argument for patching modules.
+
+The third argument to ``patch`` is optional - a mock will be created by
+default if it is not passed in.
+
+
+2007/11/21 Version 0.2.1
+-------------------------
+
+Bug fix, allows reuse of functions decorated with ``patch`` and ``patch_module``.
+
+
+2007/11/20 Version 0.2.0
+-------------------------
+
+Added ``spec`` keyword argument for creating ``Mock`` objects from a
+specification object.
+
+Added ``patch`` and ``patch_module`` monkey patching decorators.
+
+Added ``sentinel`` for convenient access to unique objects.
+
+Distribution includes unit tests.
+
+
+2007/11/19 Version 0.1.0
+-------------------------
+
+Initial release.
+
+
+TODO and Limitations
+====================
+
+Contributions, bug reports and comments welcomed!
+
+Feature requests and bug reports are handled on the issue tracker:
+
+ * `mock issue tracker <http://code.google.com/p/mock/issues/list>`_
+
+`wraps` is not integrated with magic methods.
+
+`patch` could auto-do the patching in the constructor and unpatch in the
+destructor. This would be useful in itself, but violates TOOWTDI and would be
+unsafe for IronPython & PyPy (non-deterministic calling of destructors).
+Destructors aren't called in CPython where there are cycles, but a weak
+reference with a callback can be used to get round this.
+
+`Mock` has several attributes. This makes it unsuitable for mocking objects
+that use these attribute names. A way round this would be to provide methods
+that *hide* these attributes when needed. In 0.8 many, but not all, of these
+attributes are renamed to gain a `_mock` prefix, making it less likely that
+they will clash. Any outstanding attributes that haven't been modified with
+the prefix should be changed.
+
+If a patch is started using `patch.start` and then not stopped correctly then
+the unpatching is not done. Using weak references it would be possible to
+detect and fix this when the patch object itself is garbage collected. This
+would be tricky to get right though.
+
+When a `Mock` is created by `patch`, arbitrary keywords can be used to set
+attributes. If `patch` is created with a `spec`, and is replacing a class, then
+a `return_value` mock is created. The keyword arguments are not applied to the
+child mock, but could be.
+
+When mocking a class with `patch`, passing in `spec=True` or `autospec=True`,
+the mock class has an instance created from the same spec. Should this be the
+default behaviour for mocks anyway (mock return values inheriting the spec
+from their parent), or should it be controlled by an additional keyword
+argument (`inherit`) to the Mock constructor? `create_autospec` does this, so
+an additional keyword argument to Mock is probably unnecessary.
+
+The `mocksignature` argument to `patch` with a non `Mock` passed into
+`new_callable` will *probably* cause an error. Should it just be invalid?
+
+Note that `NonCallableMock` and `NonCallableMagicMock` still have the unused
+(and unusable) attributes: `return_value`, `side_effect`, `call_count`,
+`call_args` and `call_args_list`. These could be removed or raise errors on
+getting / setting. They also have the `assert_called_with` and
+`assert_called_once_with` methods. Removing these would be pointless as
+fetching them would create a mock (attribute) that could be called without
+error.
+
+Some outstanding technical debt. The way autospeccing mocks function
+signatures was copied and modified from `mocksignature`. This could all be
+refactored into one set of functions instead of two. The way we tell if
+patchers are started and if a patcher is being used for a `patch.multiple`
+call are both horrible. There are now a host of helper functions that should
+be rationalised. (Probably time to split mock into a package instead of a
+module.)
+
+Passing arbitrary keyword arguments to `create_autospec`, or `patch` with
+`autospec`, when mocking a *function* works fine. However, the arbitrary
+attributes are set on the created mock - but `create_autospec` returns a
+real function (which doesn't have those attributes). However, what is the use
+case for using autospec to create functions with attributes that don't exist
+on the original?
+
+`mocksignature`, plus the `call_args_list` and `method_calls` attributes of
+`Mock` could all be deprecated.
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/compare.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/compare.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..41555308e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/compare.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,628 @@
+=========================
+ Mock Library Comparison
+=========================
+
+
+.. testsetup::
+
+ def assertEqual(a, b):
+ assert a == b, ("%r != %r" % (a, b))
+
+ def assertRaises(Exc, func):
+ try:
+ func()
+ except Exc:
+ return
+ assert False, ("%s not raised" % Exc)
+
+ sys.modules['somemodule'] = somemodule = mock.Mock(name='somemodule')
+ class SomeException(Exception):
+ some_method = method1 = method2 = None
+ some_other_object = SomeObject = SomeException
+
+
+A side-by-side comparison of how to accomplish some basic tasks with mock and
+some other popular Python mocking libraries and frameworks.
+
+These are:
+
+* `flexmock <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/flexmock>`_
+* `mox <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/mox>`_
+* `Mocker <http://niemeyer.net/mocker>`_
+* `dingus <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/dingus>`_
+* `fudge <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/fudge>`_
+
+Popular python mocking frameworks not yet represented here include
+`MiniMock <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/MiniMock>`_.
+
+`pMock <http://pmock.sourceforge.net/>`_ (last release 2004 and doesn't import
+in recent versions of Python) and
+`python-mock <http://python-mock.sourceforge.net/>`_ (last release 2005) are
+intentionally omitted.
+
+.. note::
+
+ A more up to date, and tested for all mock libraries (only the mock
+ examples on this page can be executed as doctests) version of this
+ comparison is maintained by Gary Bernhardt:
+
+ * `Python Mock Library Comparison
+ <http://garybernhardt.github.com/python-mock-comparison/>`_
+
+This comparison is by no means complete, and also may not be fully idiomatic
+for all the libraries represented. *Please* contribute corrections, missing
+comparisons, or comparisons for additional libraries to the `mock issue
+tracker <https://code.google.com/p/mock/issues/list>`_.
+
+This comparison page was originally created by the `Mox project
+<https://code.google.com/p/pymox/wiki/MoxComparison>`_ and then extended for
+`flexmock and mock <http://has207.github.com/flexmock/compare.html>`_ by
+Herman Sheremetyev. Dingus examples written by `Gary Bernhadt
+<http://garybernhardt.github.com/python-mock-comparison/>`_. fudge examples
+provided by `Kumar McMillan <http://farmdev.com/>`_.
+
+.. note::
+
+ The examples tasks here were originally created by Mox which is a mocking
+ *framework* rather than a library like mock. The tasks shown naturally
+ exemplify tasks that frameworks are good at and not the ones they make
+ harder. In particular you can take a `Mock` or `MagicMock` object and use
+ it in any way you want with no up-front configuration. The same is also
+ true for Dingus.
+
+ The examples for mock here assume version 0.7.0.
+
+
+Simple fake object
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> my_mock = mock.Mock()
+ >>> my_mock.some_method.return_value = "calculated value"
+ >>> my_mock.some_attribute = "value"
+ >>> assertEqual("calculated value", my_mock.some_method())
+ >>> assertEqual("value", my_mock.some_attribute)
+
+::
+
+ # Flexmock
+ mock = flexmock(some_method=lambda: "calculated value", some_attribute="value")
+ assertEqual("calculated value", mock.some_method())
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_attribute)
+
+ # Mox
+ mock = mox.MockAnything()
+ mock.some_method().AndReturn("calculated value")
+ mock.some_attribute = "value"
+ mox.Replay(mock)
+ assertEqual("calculated value", mock.some_method())
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_attribute)
+
+ # Mocker
+ mock = mocker.mock()
+ mock.some_method()
+ mocker.result("calculated value")
+ mocker.replay()
+ mock.some_attribute = "value"
+ assertEqual("calculated value", mock.some_method())
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_attribute)
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> my_dingus = dingus.Dingus(some_attribute="value",
+ ... some_method__returns="calculated value")
+ >>> assertEqual("calculated value", my_dingus.some_method())
+ >>> assertEqual("value", my_dingus.some_attribute)
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> my_fake = (fudge.Fake()
+ ... .provides('some_method')
+ ... .returns("calculated value")
+ ... .has_attr(some_attribute="value"))
+ ...
+ >>> assertEqual("calculated value", my_fake.some_method())
+ >>> assertEqual("value", my_fake.some_attribute)
+
+
+Simple mock
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> my_mock = mock.Mock()
+ >>> my_mock.some_method.return_value = "value"
+ >>> assertEqual("value", my_mock.some_method())
+ >>> my_mock.some_method.assert_called_once_with()
+
+::
+
+ # Flexmock
+ mock = flexmock()
+ mock.should_receive("some_method").and_return("value").once
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_method())
+
+ # Mox
+ mock = mox.MockAnything()
+ mock.some_method().AndReturn("value")
+ mox.Replay(mock)
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_method())
+ mox.Verify(mock)
+
+ # Mocker
+ mock = mocker.mock()
+ mock.some_method()
+ mocker.result("value")
+ mocker.replay()
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_method())
+ mocker.verify()
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> my_dingus = dingus.Dingus(some_method__returns="value")
+ >>> assertEqual("value", my_dingus.some_method())
+ >>> assert my_dingus.some_method.calls().once()
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> @fudge.test
+ ... def test():
+ ... my_fake = (fudge.Fake()
+ ... .expects('some_method')
+ ... .returns("value")
+ ... .times_called(1))
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: fake:my_fake.some_method() was not called
+
+
+Creating partial mocks
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> SomeObject.some_method = mock.Mock(return_value='value')
+ >>> assertEqual("value", SomeObject.some_method())
+
+::
+
+ # Flexmock
+ flexmock(SomeObject).should_receive("some_method").and_return('value')
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_method())
+
+ # Mox
+ mock = mox.MockObject(SomeObject)
+ mock.some_method().AndReturn("value")
+ mox.Replay(mock)
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_method())
+ mox.Verify(mock)
+
+ # Mocker
+ mock = mocker.mock(SomeObject)
+ mock.Get()
+ mocker.result("value")
+ mocker.replay()
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_method())
+ mocker.verify()
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> object = SomeObject
+ >>> object.some_method = dingus.Dingus(return_value="value")
+ >>> assertEqual("value", object.some_method())
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> fake = fudge.Fake().is_callable().returns("<fudge-value>")
+ >>> with fudge.patched_context(SomeObject, 'some_method', fake):
+ ... s = SomeObject()
+ ... assertEqual("<fudge-value>", s.some_method())
+ ...
+
+
+Ensure calls are made in specific order
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> my_mock = mock.Mock(spec=SomeObject)
+ >>> my_mock.method1()
+ <Mock name='mock.method1()' id='...'>
+ >>> my_mock.method2()
+ <Mock name='mock.method2()' id='...'>
+ >>> assertEqual(my_mock.mock_calls, [call.method1(), call.method2()])
+
+::
+
+ # Flexmock
+ mock = flexmock(SomeObject)
+ mock.should_receive('method1').once.ordered.and_return('first thing')
+ mock.should_receive('method2').once.ordered.and_return('second thing')
+
+ # Mox
+ mock = mox.MockObject(SomeObject)
+ mock.method1().AndReturn('first thing')
+ mock.method2().AndReturn('second thing')
+ mox.Replay(mock)
+ mox.Verify(mock)
+
+ # Mocker
+ mock = mocker.mock()
+ with mocker.order():
+ mock.method1()
+ mocker.result('first thing')
+ mock.method2()
+ mocker.result('second thing')
+ mocker.replay()
+ mocker.verify()
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> my_dingus = dingus.Dingus()
+ >>> my_dingus.method1()
+ <Dingus ...>
+ >>> my_dingus.method2()
+ <Dingus ...>
+ >>> assertEqual(['method1', 'method2'], [call.name for call in my_dingus.calls])
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> @fudge.test
+ ... def test():
+ ... my_fake = (fudge.Fake()
+ ... .remember_order()
+ ... .expects('method1')
+ ... .expects('method2'))
+ ... my_fake.method2()
+ ... my_fake.method1()
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: Call #1 was fake:my_fake.method2(); Expected: #1 fake:my_fake.method1(), #2 fake:my_fake.method2(), end
+
+
+Raising exceptions
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> my_mock = mock.Mock()
+ >>> my_mock.some_method.side_effect = SomeException("message")
+ >>> assertRaises(SomeException, my_mock.some_method)
+
+::
+
+ # Flexmock
+ mock = flexmock()
+ mock.should_receive("some_method").and_raise(SomeException("message"))
+ assertRaises(SomeException, mock.some_method)
+
+ # Mox
+ mock = mox.MockAnything()
+ mock.some_method().AndRaise(SomeException("message"))
+ mox.Replay(mock)
+ assertRaises(SomeException, mock.some_method)
+ mox.Verify(mock)
+
+ # Mocker
+ mock = mocker.mock()
+ mock.some_method()
+ mocker.throw(SomeException("message"))
+ mocker.replay()
+ assertRaises(SomeException, mock.some_method)
+ mocker.verify()
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> my_dingus = dingus.Dingus()
+ >>> my_dingus.some_method = dingus.exception_raiser(SomeException)
+ >>> assertRaises(SomeException, my_dingus.some_method)
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> my_fake = (fudge.Fake()
+ ... .is_callable()
+ ... .raises(SomeException("message")))
+ ...
+ >>> my_fake()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ SomeException: message
+
+
+Override new instances of a class
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> with mock.patch('somemodule.Someclass') as MockClass:
+ ... MockClass.return_value = some_other_object
+ ... assertEqual(some_other_object, somemodule.Someclass())
+ ...
+
+
+::
+
+ # Flexmock
+ flexmock(some_module.SomeClass, new_instances=some_other_object)
+ assertEqual(some_other_object, some_module.SomeClass())
+
+ # Mox
+ # (you will probably have mox.Mox() available as self.mox in a real test)
+ mox.Mox().StubOutWithMock(some_module, 'SomeClass', use_mock_anything=True)
+ some_module.SomeClass().AndReturn(some_other_object)
+ mox.ReplayAll()
+ assertEqual(some_other_object, some_module.SomeClass())
+
+ # Mocker
+ instance = mocker.mock()
+ klass = mocker.replace(SomeClass, spec=None)
+ klass('expected', 'args')
+ mocker.result(instance)
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> MockClass = dingus.Dingus(return_value=some_other_object)
+ >>> with dingus.patch('somemodule.SomeClass', MockClass):
+ ... assertEqual(some_other_object, somemodule.SomeClass())
+ ...
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> @fudge.patch('somemodule.SomeClass')
+ ... def test(FakeClass):
+ ... FakeClass.is_callable().returns(some_other_object)
+ ... assertEqual(some_other_object, somemodule.SomeClass())
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+
+
+Call the same method multiple times
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. note::
+
+ You don't need to do *any* configuration to call `mock.Mock()` methods
+ multiple times. Attributes like `call_count`, `call_args_list` and
+ `method_calls` provide various different ways of making assertions about
+ how the mock was used.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> my_mock = mock.Mock()
+ >>> my_mock.some_method()
+ <Mock name='mock.some_method()' id='...'>
+ >>> my_mock.some_method()
+ <Mock name='mock.some_method()' id='...'>
+ >>> assert my_mock.some_method.call_count >= 2
+
+::
+
+ # Flexmock # (verifies that the method gets called at least twice)
+ flexmock(some_object).should_receive('some_method').at_least.twice
+
+ # Mox
+ # (does not support variable number of calls, so you need to create a new entry for each explicit call)
+ mock = mox.MockObject(some_object)
+ mock.some_method(mox.IgnoreArg(), mox.IgnoreArg())
+ mock.some_method(mox.IgnoreArg(), mox.IgnoreArg())
+ mox.Replay(mock)
+ mox.Verify(mock)
+
+ # Mocker
+ # (TODO)
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> my_dingus = dingus.Dingus()
+ >>> my_dingus.some_method()
+ <Dingus ...>
+ >>> my_dingus.some_method()
+ <Dingus ...>
+ >>> assert len(my_dingus.calls('some_method')) == 2
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> @fudge.test
+ ... def test():
+ ... my_fake = fudge.Fake().expects('some_method').times_called(2)
+ ... my_fake.some_method()
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: fake:my_fake.some_method() was called 1 time(s). Expected 2.
+
+
+Mock chained methods
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> my_mock = mock.Mock()
+ >>> method3 = my_mock.method1.return_value.method2.return_value.method3
+ >>> method3.return_value = 'some value'
+ >>> assertEqual('some value', my_mock.method1().method2().method3(1, 2))
+ >>> method3.assert_called_once_with(1, 2)
+
+::
+
+ # Flexmock
+ # (intermediate method calls are automatically assigned to temporary fake objects
+ # and can be called with any arguments)
+ flexmock(some_object).should_receive(
+ 'method1.method2.method3'
+ ).with_args(arg1, arg2).and_return('some value')
+ assertEqual('some_value', some_object.method1().method2().method3(arg1, arg2))
+
+::
+
+ # Mox
+ mock = mox.MockObject(some_object)
+ mock2 = mox.MockAnything()
+ mock3 = mox.MockAnything()
+ mock.method1().AndReturn(mock1)
+ mock2.method2().AndReturn(mock2)
+ mock3.method3(arg1, arg2).AndReturn('some_value')
+ self.mox.ReplayAll()
+ assertEqual("some_value", some_object.method1().method2().method3(arg1, arg2))
+ self.mox.VerifyAll()
+
+ # Mocker
+ # (TODO)
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> my_dingus = dingus.Dingus()
+ >>> method3 = my_dingus.method1.return_value.method2.return_value.method3
+ >>> method3.return_value = 'some value'
+ >>> assertEqual('some value', my_dingus.method1().method2().method3(1, 2))
+ >>> assert method3.calls('()', 1, 2).once()
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> @fudge.test
+ ... def test():
+ ... my_fake = fudge.Fake()
+ ... (my_fake
+ ... .expects('method1')
+ ... .returns_fake()
+ ... .expects('method2')
+ ... .returns_fake()
+ ... .expects('method3')
+ ... .with_args(1, 2)
+ ... .returns('some value'))
+ ... assertEqual('some value', my_fake.method1().method2().method3(1, 2))
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+
+
+Mocking a context manager
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Examples for mock, Dingus and fudge only (so far):
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> my_mock = mock.MagicMock()
+ >>> with my_mock:
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> my_mock.__enter__.assert_called_with()
+ >>> my_mock.__exit__.assert_called_with(None, None, None)
+
+::
+
+
+ >>> # Dingus (nothing special here; all dinguses are "magic mocks")
+ >>> my_dingus = dingus.Dingus()
+ >>> with my_dingus:
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> assert my_dingus.__enter__.calls()
+ >>> assert my_dingus.__exit__.calls('()', None, None, None)
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> my_fake = fudge.Fake().provides('__enter__').provides('__exit__')
+ >>> with my_fake:
+ ... pass
+ ...
+
+
+Mocking the builtin open used as a context manager
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Example for mock only (so far):
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> my_mock = mock.MagicMock()
+ >>> with mock.patch('__builtin__.open', my_mock):
+ ... manager = my_mock.return_value.__enter__.return_value
+ ... manager.read.return_value = 'some data'
+ ... with open('foo') as h:
+ ... data = h.read()
+ ...
+ >>> data
+ 'some data'
+ >>> my_mock.assert_called_once_with('foo')
+
+*or*:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> with mock.patch('__builtin__.open') as my_mock:
+ ... my_mock.return_value.__enter__ = lambda s: s
+ ... my_mock.return_value.__exit__ = mock.Mock()
+ ... my_mock.return_value.read.return_value = 'some data'
+ ... with open('foo') as h:
+ ... data = h.read()
+ ...
+ >>> data
+ 'some data'
+ >>> my_mock.assert_called_once_with('foo')
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> my_dingus = dingus.Dingus()
+ >>> with dingus.patch('__builtin__.open', my_dingus):
+ ... file_ = open.return_value.__enter__.return_value
+ ... file_.read.return_value = 'some data'
+ ... with open('foo') as h:
+ ... data = f.read()
+ ...
+ >>> data
+ 'some data'
+ >>> assert my_dingus.calls('()', 'foo').once()
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> from contextlib import contextmanager
+ >>> from StringIO import StringIO
+ >>> @contextmanager
+ ... def fake_file(filename):
+ ... yield StringIO('sekrets')
+ ...
+ >>> with fudge.patch('__builtin__.open') as fake_open:
+ ... fake_open.is_callable().calls(fake_file)
+ ... with open('/etc/password') as f:
+ ... data = f.read()
+ ...
+ fake:__builtin__.open
+ >>> data
+ 'sekrets' \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/conf.py b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/conf.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..62f0491cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/conf.py
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Mock documentation build configuration file, created by
+# sphinx-quickstart on Mon Nov 17 18:12:00 2008.
+#
+# This file is execfile()d with the current directory set to its containing dir.
+#
+# The contents of this file are pickled, so don't put values in the namespace
+# that aren't pickleable (module imports are okay, they're removed automatically).
+#
+# All configuration values have a default value; values that are commented out
+# serve to show the default value.
+
+import sys, os
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('..'))
+from mock import __version__
+
+# If your extensions are in another directory, add it here. If the directory
+# is relative to the documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it
+# absolute, like shown here.
+#sys.path.append(os.path.abspath('some/directory'))
+
+# General configuration
+# ---------------------
+
+# Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be extensions
+# coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom ones.
+extensions = ['sphinx.ext.doctest']
+
+doctest_global_setup = """
+import os
+import sys
+import mock
+from mock import * # yeah, I know :-/
+import unittest2
+import __main__
+
+if os.getcwd() not in sys.path:
+ sys.path.append(os.getcwd())
+
+# keep a reference to __main__
+sys.modules['__main'] = __main__
+
+class ProxyModule(object):
+ def __init__(self):
+ self.__dict__ = globals()
+
+sys.modules['__main__'] = ProxyModule()
+"""
+
+doctest_global_cleanup = """
+sys.modules['__main__'] = sys.modules['__main']
+"""
+
+html_theme = 'nature'
+html_theme_options = {}
+
+# Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
+#templates_path = ['_templates']
+
+# The suffix of source filenames.
+source_suffix = '.txt'
+
+# The master toctree document.
+master_doc = 'index'
+
+# General substitutions.
+project = u'Mock'
+copyright = u'2007-2012, Michael Foord & the mock team'
+
+# The default replacements for |version| and |release|, also used in various
+# other places throughout the built documents.
+#
+# The short X.Y version.
+version = __version__[:3]
+# The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags.
+release = __version__
+
+# There are two options for replacing |today|: either, you set today to some
+# non-false value, then it is used:
+#today = ''
+# Else, today_fmt is used as the format for a strftime call.
+today_fmt = '%B %d, %Y'
+
+# List of documents that shouldn't be included in the build.
+#unused_docs = []
+
+# List of directories, relative to source directories, that shouldn't be searched
+# for source files.
+exclude_trees = []
+
+# The reST default role (used for this markup: `text`) to use for all documents.
+#default_role = None
+
+# If true, '()' will be appended to :func: etc. cross-reference text.
+#add_function_parentheses = True
+
+# If true, the current module name will be prepended to all description
+# unit titles (such as .. function::).
+add_module_names = False
+
+# If true, sectionauthor and moduleauthor directives will be shown in the
+# output. They are ignored by default.
+#show_authors = False
+
+# The name of the Pygments (syntax highlighting) style to use.
+pygments_style = 'friendly'
+
+
+# Options for HTML output
+# -----------------------
+
+# The style sheet to use for HTML and HTML Help pages. A file of that name
+# must exist either in Sphinx' static/ path, or in one of the custom paths
+# given in html_static_path.
+#html_style = 'adctheme.css'
+
+# The name for this set of Sphinx documents. If None, it defaults to
+# "<project> v<release> documentation".
+#html_title = None
+
+# A shorter title for the navigation bar. Default is the same as html_title.
+#html_short_title = None
+
+# The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top
+# of the sidebar.
+#html_logo = None
+
+# The name of an image file (within the static path) to use as favicon of the
+# docs. This file should be a Windows icon file (.ico) being 16x16 or 32x32
+# pixels large.
+#html_favicon = None
+
+# Add any paths that contain custom static files (such as style sheets) here,
+# relative to this directory. They are copied after the builtin static files,
+# so a file named "default.css" will overwrite the builtin "default.css".
+#html_static_path = ['_static']
+
+# If not '', a 'Last updated on:' timestamp is inserted at every page bottom,
+# using the given strftime format.
+html_last_updated_fmt = '%b %d, %Y'
+
+# If true, SmartyPants will be used to convert quotes and dashes to
+# typographically correct entities.
+#html_use_smartypants = True
+
+# Custom sidebar templates, maps document names to template names.
+#html_sidebars = {}
+
+# Additional templates that should be rendered to pages, maps page names to
+# template names.
+#html_additional_pages = {}
+
+# If false, no module index is generated.
+html_use_modindex = False
+
+# If false, no index is generated.
+#html_use_index = True
+
+# If true, the index is split into individual pages for each letter.
+#html_split_index = False
+
+# If true, the reST sources are included in the HTML build as _sources/<name>.
+#html_copy_source = True
+
+# If true, an OpenSearch description file will be output, and all pages will
+# contain a <link> tag referring to it. The value of this option must be the
+# base URL from which the finished HTML is served.
+#html_use_opensearch = ''
+
+# If nonempty, this is the file name suffix for HTML files (e.g. ".xhtml").
+#html_file_suffix = ''
+
+# Output file base name for HTML help builder.
+htmlhelp_basename = 'Mockdoc'
+
+
+# Options for LaTeX output
+# ------------------------
+
+# The paper size ('letter' or 'a4').
+#latex_paper_size = 'letter'
+
+# The font size ('10pt', '11pt' or '12pt').
+latex_font_size = '12pt'
+
+# Grouping the document tree into LaTeX files. List of tuples
+# (source start file, target name, title, author, document class [howto/manual]).
+latex_documents = [
+ ('index', 'Mock.tex', u'Mock Documentation',
+ u'Michael Foord', 'manual'),
+]
+
+# The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top of
+# the title page.
+#latex_logo = None
+
+# For "manual" documents, if this is true, then toplevel headings are parts,
+# not chapters.
+#latex_use_parts = False
+
+# Additional stuff for the LaTeX preamble.
+#latex_preamble = ''
+
+# Documents to append as an appendix to all manuals.
+#latex_appendices = []
+
+# If false, no module index is generated.
+latex_use_modindex = False \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/examples.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/examples.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ecb994b15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/examples.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,1063 @@
+.. _further-examples:
+
+==================
+ Further Examples
+==================
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+.. testsetup::
+
+ from datetime import date
+
+ BackendProvider = Mock()
+ sys.modules['mymodule'] = mymodule = Mock(name='mymodule')
+
+ def grob(val):
+ "First frob and then clear val"
+ mymodule.frob(val)
+ val.clear()
+
+ mymodule.frob = lambda val: val
+ mymodule.grob = grob
+ mymodule.date = date
+
+ class TestCase(unittest2.TestCase):
+ def run(self):
+ result = unittest2.TestResult()
+ out = unittest2.TestCase.run(self, result)
+ assert result.wasSuccessful()
+
+ from mock import inPy3k
+
+
+
+For comprehensive examples, see the unit tests included in the full source
+distribution.
+
+Here are some more examples for some slightly more advanced scenarios than in
+the :ref:`getting started <getting-started>` guide.
+
+
+Mocking chained calls
+=====================
+
+Mocking chained calls is actually straightforward with mock once you
+understand the :attr:`~Mock.return_value` attribute. When a mock is called for
+the first time, or you fetch its `return_value` before it has been called, a
+new `Mock` is created.
+
+This means that you can see how the object returned from a call to a mocked
+object has been used by interrogating the `return_value` mock:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock().foo(a=2, b=3)
+ <Mock name='mock().foo()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.return_value.foo.assert_called_with(a=2, b=3)
+
+From here it is a simple step to configure and then make assertions about
+chained calls. Of course another alternative is writing your code in a more
+testable way in the first place...
+
+So, suppose we have some code that looks a little bit like this:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Something(object):
+ ... def __init__(self):
+ ... self.backend = BackendProvider()
+ ... def method(self):
+ ... response = self.backend.get_endpoint('foobar').create_call('spam', 'eggs').start_call()
+ ... # more code
+
+Assuming that `BackendProvider` is already well tested, how do we test
+`method()`? Specifically, we want to test that the code section `# more
+code` uses the response object in the correct way.
+
+As this chain of calls is made from an instance attribute we can monkey patch
+the `backend` attribute on a `Something` instance. In this particular case
+we are only interested in the return value from the final call to
+`start_call` so we don't have much configuration to do. Let's assume the
+object it returns is 'file-like', so we'll ensure that our response object
+uses the builtin `file` as its `spec`.
+
+To do this we create a mock instance as our mock backend and create a mock
+response object for it. To set the response as the return value for that final
+`start_call` we could do this:
+
+ `mock_backend.get_endpoint.return_value.create_call.return_value.start_call.return_value = mock_response`.
+
+We can do that in a slightly nicer way using the :meth:`~Mock.configure_mock`
+method to directly set the return value for us:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> something = Something()
+ >>> mock_response = Mock(spec=file)
+ >>> mock_backend = Mock()
+ >>> config = {'get_endpoint.return_value.create_call.return_value.start_call.return_value': mock_response}
+ >>> mock_backend.configure_mock(**config)
+
+With these we monkey patch the "mock backend" in place and can make the real
+call:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> something.backend = mock_backend
+ >>> something.method()
+
+Using :attr:`~Mock.mock_calls` we can check the chained call with a single
+assert. A chained call is several calls in one line of code, so there will be
+several entries in `mock_calls`. We can use :meth:`call.call_list` to create
+this list of calls for us:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> chained = call.get_endpoint('foobar').create_call('spam', 'eggs').start_call()
+ >>> call_list = chained.call_list()
+ >>> assert mock_backend.mock_calls == call_list
+
+
+Partial mocking
+===============
+
+In some tests I wanted to mock out a call to `datetime.date.today()
+<http://docs.python.org/library/datetime.html#datetime.date.today>`_ to return
+a known date, but I didn't want to prevent the code under test from
+creating new date objects. Unfortunately `datetime.date` is written in C, and
+so I couldn't just monkey-patch out the static `date.today` method.
+
+I found a simple way of doing this that involved effectively wrapping the date
+class with a mock, but passing through calls to the constructor to the real
+class (and returning real instances).
+
+The :func:`patch decorator <patch>` is used here to
+mock out the `date` class in the module under test. The :attr:`side_effect`
+attribute on the mock date class is then set to a lambda function that returns
+a real date. When the mock date class is called a real date will be
+constructed and returned by `side_effect`.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from datetime import date
+ >>> with patch('mymodule.date') as mock_date:
+ ... mock_date.today.return_value = date(2010, 10, 8)
+ ... mock_date.side_effect = lambda *args, **kw: date(*args, **kw)
+ ...
+ ... assert mymodule.date.today() == date(2010, 10, 8)
+ ... assert mymodule.date(2009, 6, 8) == date(2009, 6, 8)
+ ...
+
+Note that we don't patch `datetime.date` globally, we patch `date` in the
+module that *uses* it. See :ref:`where to patch <where-to-patch>`.
+
+When `date.today()` is called a known date is returned, but calls to the
+`date(...)` constructor still return normal dates. Without this you can find
+yourself having to calculate an expected result using exactly the same
+algorithm as the code under test, which is a classic testing anti-pattern.
+
+Calls to the date constructor are recorded in the `mock_date` attributes
+(`call_count` and friends) which may also be useful for your tests.
+
+An alternative way of dealing with mocking dates, or other builtin classes,
+is discussed in `this blog entry
+<http://williamjohnbert.com/2011/07/how-to-unit-testing-in-django-with-mocking-and-patching/>`_.
+
+
+Mocking a Generator Method
+==========================
+
+A Python generator is a function or method that uses the `yield statement
+<http://docs.python.org/reference/simple_stmts.html#the-yield-statement>`_ to
+return a series of values when iterated over [#]_.
+
+A generator method / function is called to return the generator object. It is
+the generator object that is then iterated over. The protocol method for
+iteration is `__iter__
+<http://docs.python.org/library/stdtypes.html#container.__iter__>`_, so we can
+mock this using a `MagicMock`.
+
+Here's an example class with an "iter" method implemented as a generator:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Foo(object):
+ ... def iter(self):
+ ... for i in [1, 2, 3]:
+ ... yield i
+ ...
+ >>> foo = Foo()
+ >>> list(foo.iter())
+ [1, 2, 3]
+
+
+How would we mock this class, and in particular its "iter" method?
+
+To configure the values returned from the iteration (implicit in the call to
+`list`), we need to configure the object returned by the call to `foo.iter()`.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock_foo = MagicMock()
+ >>> mock_foo.iter.return_value = iter([1, 2, 3])
+ >>> list(mock_foo.iter())
+ [1, 2, 3]
+
+.. [#] There are also generator expressions and more `advanced uses
+ <http://www.dabeaz.com/coroutines/index.html>`_ of generators, but we aren't
+ concerned about them here. A very good introduction to generators and how
+ powerful they are is: `Generator Tricks for Systems Programmers
+ <http://www.dabeaz.com/generators/>`_.
+
+
+Applying the same patch to every test method
+============================================
+
+If you want several patches in place for multiple test methods the obvious way
+is to apply the patch decorators to every method. This can feel like unnecessary
+repetition. For Python 2.6 or more recent you can use `patch` (in all its
+various forms) as a class decorator. This applies the patches to all test
+methods on the class. A test method is identified by methods whose names start
+with `test`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> @patch('mymodule.SomeClass')
+ ... class MyTest(TestCase):
+ ...
+ ... def test_one(self, MockSomeClass):
+ ... self.assertTrue(mymodule.SomeClass is MockSomeClass)
+ ...
+ ... def test_two(self, MockSomeClass):
+ ... self.assertTrue(mymodule.SomeClass is MockSomeClass)
+ ...
+ ... def not_a_test(self):
+ ... return 'something'
+ ...
+ >>> MyTest('test_one').test_one()
+ >>> MyTest('test_two').test_two()
+ >>> MyTest('test_two').not_a_test()
+ 'something'
+
+An alternative way of managing patches is to use the :ref:`start-and-stop`.
+These allow you to move the patching into your `setUp` and `tearDown` methods.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(TestCase):
+ ... def setUp(self):
+ ... self.patcher = patch('mymodule.foo')
+ ... self.mock_foo = self.patcher.start()
+ ...
+ ... def test_foo(self):
+ ... self.assertTrue(mymodule.foo is self.mock_foo)
+ ...
+ ... def tearDown(self):
+ ... self.patcher.stop()
+ ...
+ >>> MyTest('test_foo').run()
+
+If you use this technique you must ensure that the patching is "undone" by
+calling `stop`. This can be fiddlier than you might think, because if an
+exception is raised in the setUp then tearDown is not called. `unittest2
+<http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2>`_ cleanup functions make this simpler:
+
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(TestCase):
+ ... def setUp(self):
+ ... patcher = patch('mymodule.foo')
+ ... self.addCleanup(patcher.stop)
+ ... self.mock_foo = patcher.start()
+ ...
+ ... def test_foo(self):
+ ... self.assertTrue(mymodule.foo is self.mock_foo)
+ ...
+ >>> MyTest('test_foo').run()
+
+
+Mocking Unbound Methods
+=======================
+
+Whilst writing tests today I needed to patch an *unbound method* (patching the
+method on the class rather than on the instance). I needed self to be passed
+in as the first argument because I want to make asserts about which objects
+were calling this particular method. The issue is that you can't patch with a
+mock for this, because if you replace an unbound method with a mock it doesn't
+become a bound method when fetched from the instance, and so it doesn't get
+self passed in. The workaround is to patch the unbound method with a real
+function instead. The :func:`patch` decorator makes it so simple to
+patch out methods with a mock that having to create a real function becomes a
+nuisance.
+
+If you pass `autospec=True` to patch then it does the patching with a
+*real* function object. This function object has the same signature as the one
+it is replacing, but delegates to a mock under the hood. You still get your
+mock auto-created in exactly the same way as before. What it means though, is
+that if you use it to patch out an unbound method on a class the mocked
+function will be turned into a bound method if it is fetched from an instance.
+It will have `self` passed in as the first argument, which is exactly what I
+wanted:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Foo(object):
+ ... def foo(self):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> with patch.object(Foo, 'foo', autospec=True) as mock_foo:
+ ... mock_foo.return_value = 'foo'
+ ... foo = Foo()
+ ... foo.foo()
+ ...
+ 'foo'
+ >>> mock_foo.assert_called_once_with(foo)
+
+If we don't use `autospec=True` then the unbound method is patched out
+with a Mock instance instead, and isn't called with `self`.
+
+
+Checking multiple calls with mock
+=================================
+
+mock has a nice API for making assertions about how your mock objects are used.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.foo_bar.return_value = None
+ >>> mock.foo_bar('baz', spam='eggs')
+ >>> mock.foo_bar.assert_called_with('baz', spam='eggs')
+
+If your mock is only being called once you can use the
+:meth:`assert_called_once_with` method that also asserts that the
+:attr:`call_count` is one.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock.foo_bar.assert_called_once_with('baz', spam='eggs')
+ >>> mock.foo_bar()
+ >>> mock.foo_bar.assert_called_once_with('baz', spam='eggs')
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: Expected to be called once. Called 2 times.
+
+Both `assert_called_with` and `assert_called_once_with` make assertions about
+the *most recent* call. If your mock is going to be called several times, and
+you want to make assertions about *all* those calls you can use
+:attr:`~Mock.call_args_list`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock(1, 2, 3)
+ >>> mock(4, 5, 6)
+ >>> mock()
+ >>> mock.call_args_list
+ [call(1, 2, 3), call(4, 5, 6), call()]
+
+The :data:`call` helper makes it easy to make assertions about these calls. You
+can build up a list of expected calls and compare it to `call_args_list`. This
+looks remarkably similar to the repr of the `call_args_list`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> expected = [call(1, 2, 3), call(4, 5, 6), call()]
+ >>> mock.call_args_list == expected
+ True
+
+
+Coping with mutable arguments
+=============================
+
+Another situation is rare, but can bite you, is when your mock is called with
+mutable arguments. `call_args` and `call_args_list` store *references* to the
+arguments. If the arguments are mutated by the code under test then you can no
+longer make assertions about what the values were when the mock was called.
+
+Here's some example code that shows the problem. Imagine the following functions
+defined in 'mymodule'::
+
+ def frob(val):
+ pass
+
+ def grob(val):
+ "First frob and then clear val"
+ frob(val)
+ val.clear()
+
+When we try to test that `grob` calls `frob` with the correct argument look
+what happens:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> with patch('mymodule.frob') as mock_frob:
+ ... val = set([6])
+ ... mymodule.grob(val)
+ ...
+ >>> val
+ set([])
+ >>> mock_frob.assert_called_with(set([6]))
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: Expected: ((set([6]),), {})
+ Called with: ((set([]),), {})
+
+One possibility would be for mock to copy the arguments you pass in. This
+could then cause problems if you do assertions that rely on object identity
+for equality.
+
+Here's one solution that uses the :attr:`side_effect`
+functionality. If you provide a `side_effect` function for a mock then
+`side_effect` will be called with the same args as the mock. This gives us an
+opportunity to copy the arguments and store them for later assertions. In this
+example I'm using *another* mock to store the arguments so that I can use the
+mock methods for doing the assertion. Again a helper function sets this up for
+me.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from copy import deepcopy
+ >>> from mock import Mock, patch, DEFAULT
+ >>> def copy_call_args(mock):
+ ... new_mock = Mock()
+ ... def side_effect(*args, **kwargs):
+ ... args = deepcopy(args)
+ ... kwargs = deepcopy(kwargs)
+ ... new_mock(*args, **kwargs)
+ ... return DEFAULT
+ ... mock.side_effect = side_effect
+ ... return new_mock
+ ...
+ >>> with patch('mymodule.frob') as mock_frob:
+ ... new_mock = copy_call_args(mock_frob)
+ ... val = set([6])
+ ... mymodule.grob(val)
+ ...
+ >>> new_mock.assert_called_with(set([6]))
+ >>> new_mock.call_args
+ call(set([6]))
+
+`copy_call_args` is called with the mock that will be called. It returns a new
+mock that we do the assertion on. The `side_effect` function makes a copy of
+the args and calls our `new_mock` with the copy.
+
+.. note::
+
+ If your mock is only going to be used once there is an easier way of
+ checking arguments at the point they are called. You can simply do the
+ checking inside a `side_effect` function.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> def side_effect(arg):
+ ... assert arg == set([6])
+ ...
+ >>> mock = Mock(side_effect=side_effect)
+ >>> mock(set([6]))
+ >>> mock(set())
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError
+
+An alternative approach is to create a subclass of `Mock` or `MagicMock` that
+copies (using `copy.deepcopy
+<http://docs.python.org/library/copy.html#copy.deepcopy>`_) the arguments.
+Here's an example implementation:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from copy import deepcopy
+ >>> class CopyingMock(MagicMock):
+ ... def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+ ... args = deepcopy(args)
+ ... kwargs = deepcopy(kwargs)
+ ... return super(CopyingMock, self).__call__(*args, **kwargs)
+ ...
+ >>> c = CopyingMock(return_value=None)
+ >>> arg = set()
+ >>> c(arg)
+ >>> arg.add(1)
+ >>> c.assert_called_with(set())
+ >>> c.assert_called_with(arg)
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: Expected call: mock(set([1]))
+ Actual call: mock(set([]))
+ >>> c.foo
+ <CopyingMock name='mock.foo' id='...'>
+
+When you subclass `Mock` or `MagicMock` all dynamically created attributes,
+and the `return_value` will use your subclass automatically. That means all
+children of a `CopyingMock` will also have the type `CopyingMock`.
+
+
+Raising exceptions on attribute access
+======================================
+
+You can use :class:`PropertyMock` to mimic the behaviour of properties. This
+includes raising exceptions when an attribute is accessed.
+
+Here's an example raising a `ValueError` when the 'foo' attribute is accessed:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock()
+ >>> p = PropertyMock(side_effect=ValueError)
+ >>> type(m).foo = p
+ >>> m.foo
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ....
+ ValueError
+
+Because every mock object has its own type, a new subclass of whichever mock
+class you're using, all mock objects are isolated from each other. You can
+safely attach properties (or other descriptors or whatever you want in fact)
+to `type(mock)` without affecting other mock objects.
+
+
+Multiple calls with different effects
+=====================================
+
+.. note::
+
+ In mock 1.0 the handling of iterable `side_effect` was changed. Any
+ exceptions in the iterable will be raised instead of returned.
+
+Handling code that needs to behave differently on subsequent calls during the
+test can be tricky. For example you may have a function that needs to raise
+an exception the first time it is called but returns a response on the second
+call (testing retry behaviour).
+
+One approach is to use a :attr:`side_effect` function that replaces itself. The
+first time it is called the `side_effect` sets a new `side_effect` that will
+be used for the second call. It then raises an exception:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> def side_effect(*args):
+ ... def second_call(*args):
+ ... return 'response'
+ ... mock.side_effect = second_call
+ ... raise Exception('boom')
+ ...
+ >>> mock = Mock(side_effect=side_effect)
+ >>> mock('first')
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ Exception: boom
+ >>> mock('second')
+ 'response'
+ >>> mock.assert_called_with('second')
+
+Another perfectly valid way would be to pop return values from a list. If the
+return value is an exception, raise it instead of returning it:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> returns = [Exception('boom'), 'response']
+ >>> def side_effect(*args):
+ ... result = returns.pop(0)
+ ... if isinstance(result, Exception):
+ ... raise result
+ ... return result
+ ...
+ >>> mock = Mock(side_effect=side_effect)
+ >>> mock('first')
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ Exception: boom
+ >>> mock('second')
+ 'response'
+ >>> mock.assert_called_with('second')
+
+Which approach you prefer is a matter of taste. The first approach is actually
+a line shorter but maybe the second approach is more readable.
+
+
+Nesting Patches
+===============
+
+Using patch as a context manager is nice, but if you do multiple patches you
+can end up with nested with statements indenting further and further to the
+right:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(TestCase):
+ ...
+ ... def test_foo(self):
+ ... with patch('mymodule.Foo') as mock_foo:
+ ... with patch('mymodule.Bar') as mock_bar:
+ ... with patch('mymodule.Spam') as mock_spam:
+ ... assert mymodule.Foo is mock_foo
+ ... assert mymodule.Bar is mock_bar
+ ... assert mymodule.Spam is mock_spam
+ ...
+ >>> original = mymodule.Foo
+ >>> MyTest('test_foo').test_foo()
+ >>> assert mymodule.Foo is original
+
+With unittest2_ `cleanup` functions and the :ref:`start-and-stop` we can
+achieve the same effect without the nested indentation. A simple helper
+method, `create_patch`, puts the patch in place and returns the created mock
+for us:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(TestCase):
+ ...
+ ... def create_patch(self, name):
+ ... patcher = patch(name)
+ ... thing = patcher.start()
+ ... self.addCleanup(patcher.stop)
+ ... return thing
+ ...
+ ... def test_foo(self):
+ ... mock_foo = self.create_patch('mymodule.Foo')
+ ... mock_bar = self.create_patch('mymodule.Bar')
+ ... mock_spam = self.create_patch('mymodule.Spam')
+ ...
+ ... assert mymodule.Foo is mock_foo
+ ... assert mymodule.Bar is mock_bar
+ ... assert mymodule.Spam is mock_spam
+ ...
+ >>> original = mymodule.Foo
+ >>> MyTest('test_foo').run()
+ >>> assert mymodule.Foo is original
+
+
+Mocking a dictionary with MagicMock
+===================================
+
+You may want to mock a dictionary, or other container object, recording all
+access to it whilst having it still behave like a dictionary.
+
+We can do this with :class:`MagicMock`, which will behave like a dictionary,
+and using :data:`~Mock.side_effect` to delegate dictionary access to a real
+underlying dictionary that is under our control.
+
+When the `__getitem__` and `__setitem__` methods of our `MagicMock` are called
+(normal dictionary access) then `side_effect` is called with the key (and in
+the case of `__setitem__` the value too). We can also control what is returned.
+
+After the `MagicMock` has been used we can use attributes like
+:data:`~Mock.call_args_list` to assert about how the dictionary was used:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
+ >>> def getitem(name):
+ ... return my_dict[name]
+ ...
+ >>> def setitem(name, val):
+ ... my_dict[name] = val
+ ...
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> mock.__getitem__.side_effect = getitem
+ >>> mock.__setitem__.side_effect = setitem
+
+.. note::
+
+ An alternative to using `MagicMock` is to use `Mock` and *only* provide
+ the magic methods you specifically want:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__setitem__ = Mock(side_effect=getitem)
+ >>> mock.__getitem__ = Mock(side_effect=setitem)
+
+ A *third* option is to use `MagicMock` but passing in `dict` as the `spec`
+ (or `spec_set`) argument so that the `MagicMock` created only has
+ dictionary magic methods available:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock(spec_set=dict)
+ >>> mock.__getitem__.side_effect = getitem
+ >>> mock.__setitem__.side_effect = setitem
+
+With these side effect functions in place, the `mock` will behave like a normal
+dictionary but recording the access. It even raises a `KeyError` if you try
+to access a key that doesn't exist.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock['a']
+ 1
+ >>> mock['c']
+ 3
+ >>> mock['d']
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError: 'd'
+ >>> mock['b'] = 'fish'
+ >>> mock['d'] = 'eggs'
+ >>> mock['b']
+ 'fish'
+ >>> mock['d']
+ 'eggs'
+
+After it has been used you can make assertions about the access using the normal
+mock methods and attributes:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock.__getitem__.call_args_list
+ [call('a'), call('c'), call('d'), call('b'), call('d')]
+ >>> mock.__setitem__.call_args_list
+ [call('b', 'fish'), call('d', 'eggs')]
+ >>> my_dict
+ {'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 'fish', 'd': 'eggs'}
+
+
+Mock subclasses and their attributes
+====================================
+
+There are various reasons why you might want to subclass `Mock`. One reason
+might be to add helper methods. Here's a silly example:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyMock(MagicMock):
+ ... def has_been_called(self):
+ ... return self.called
+ ...
+ >>> mymock = MyMock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mymock
+ <MyMock id='...'>
+ >>> mymock.has_been_called()
+ False
+ >>> mymock()
+ >>> mymock.has_been_called()
+ True
+
+The standard behaviour for `Mock` instances is that attributes and the return
+value mocks are of the same type as the mock they are accessed on. This ensures
+that `Mock` attributes are `Mocks` and `MagicMock` attributes are `MagicMocks`
+[#]_. So if you're subclassing to add helper methods then they'll also be
+available on the attributes and return value mock of instances of your
+subclass.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mymock.foo
+ <MyMock name='mock.foo' id='...'>
+ >>> mymock.foo.has_been_called()
+ False
+ >>> mymock.foo()
+ <MyMock name='mock.foo()' id='...'>
+ >>> mymock.foo.has_been_called()
+ True
+
+Sometimes this is inconvenient. For example, `one user
+<https://code.google.com/p/mock/issues/detail?id=105>`_ is subclassing mock to
+created a `Twisted adaptor
+<http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/11.0.0/api/twisted.python.components.html>`_.
+Having this applied to attributes too actually causes errors.
+
+`Mock` (in all its flavours) uses a method called `_get_child_mock` to create
+these "sub-mocks" for attributes and return values. You can prevent your
+subclass being used for attributes by overriding this method. The signature is
+that it takes arbitrary keyword arguments (`**kwargs`) which are then passed
+onto the mock constructor:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Subclass(MagicMock):
+ ... def _get_child_mock(self, **kwargs):
+ ... return MagicMock(**kwargs)
+ ...
+ >>> mymock = Subclass()
+ >>> mymock.foo
+ <MagicMock name='mock.foo' id='...'>
+ >>> assert isinstance(mymock, Subclass)
+ >>> assert not isinstance(mymock.foo, Subclass)
+ >>> assert not isinstance(mymock(), Subclass)
+
+.. [#] An exception to this rule are the non-callable mocks. Attributes use the
+ callable variant because otherwise non-callable mocks couldn't have callable
+ methods.
+
+
+Mocking imports with patch.dict
+===============================
+
+One situation where mocking can be hard is where you have a local import inside
+a function. These are harder to mock because they aren't using an object from
+the module namespace that we can patch out.
+
+Generally local imports are to be avoided. They are sometimes done to prevent
+circular dependencies, for which there is *usually* a much better way to solve
+the problem (refactor the code) or to prevent "up front costs" by delaying the
+import. This can also be solved in better ways than an unconditional local
+import (store the module as a class or module attribute and only do the import
+on first use).
+
+That aside there is a way to use `mock` to affect the results of an import.
+Importing fetches an *object* from the `sys.modules` dictionary. Note that it
+fetches an *object*, which need not be a module. Importing a module for the
+first time results in a module object being put in `sys.modules`, so usually
+when you import something you get a module back. This need not be the case
+however.
+
+This means you can use :func:`patch.dict` to *temporarily* put a mock in place
+in `sys.modules`. Any imports whilst this patch is active will fetch the mock.
+When the patch is complete (the decorated function exits, the with statement
+body is complete or `patcher.stop()` is called) then whatever was there
+previously will be restored safely.
+
+Here's an example that mocks out the 'fooble' module.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> with patch.dict('sys.modules', {'fooble': mock}):
+ ... import fooble
+ ... fooble.blob()
+ ...
+ <Mock name='mock.blob()' id='...'>
+ >>> assert 'fooble' not in sys.modules
+ >>> mock.blob.assert_called_once_with()
+
+As you can see the `import fooble` succeeds, but on exit there is no 'fooble'
+left in `sys.modules`.
+
+This also works for the `from module import name` form:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> with patch.dict('sys.modules', {'fooble': mock}):
+ ... from fooble import blob
+ ... blob.blip()
+ ...
+ <Mock name='mock.blob.blip()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.blob.blip.assert_called_once_with()
+
+With slightly more work you can also mock package imports:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> modules = {'package': mock, 'package.module': mock.module}
+ >>> with patch.dict('sys.modules', modules):
+ ... from package.module import fooble
+ ... fooble()
+ ...
+ <Mock name='mock.module.fooble()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.module.fooble.assert_called_once_with()
+
+
+Tracking order of calls and less verbose call assertions
+========================================================
+
+The :class:`Mock` class allows you to track the *order* of method calls on
+your mock objects through the :attr:`~Mock.method_calls` attribute. This
+doesn't allow you to track the order of calls between separate mock objects,
+however we can use :attr:`~Mock.mock_calls` to achieve the same effect.
+
+Because mocks track calls to child mocks in `mock_calls`, and accessing an
+arbitrary attribute of a mock creates a child mock, we can create our separate
+mocks from a parent one. Calls to those child mock will then all be recorded,
+in order, in the `mock_calls` of the parent:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> manager = Mock()
+ >>> mock_foo = manager.foo
+ >>> mock_bar = manager.bar
+
+ >>> mock_foo.something()
+ <Mock name='mock.foo.something()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock_bar.other.thing()
+ <Mock name='mock.bar.other.thing()' id='...'>
+
+ >>> manager.mock_calls
+ [call.foo.something(), call.bar.other.thing()]
+
+We can then assert about the calls, including the order, by comparing with
+the `mock_calls` attribute on the manager mock:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> expected_calls = [call.foo.something(), call.bar.other.thing()]
+ >>> manager.mock_calls == expected_calls
+ True
+
+If `patch` is creating, and putting in place, your mocks then you can attach
+them to a manager mock using the :meth:`~Mock.attach_mock` method. After
+attaching calls will be recorded in `mock_calls` of the manager.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> manager = MagicMock()
+ >>> with patch('mymodule.Class1') as MockClass1:
+ ... with patch('mymodule.Class2') as MockClass2:
+ ... manager.attach_mock(MockClass1, 'MockClass1')
+ ... manager.attach_mock(MockClass2, 'MockClass2')
+ ... MockClass1().foo()
+ ... MockClass2().bar()
+ ...
+ <MagicMock name='mock.MockClass1().foo()' id='...'>
+ <MagicMock name='mock.MockClass2().bar()' id='...'>
+ >>> manager.mock_calls
+ [call.MockClass1(),
+ call.MockClass1().foo(),
+ call.MockClass2(),
+ call.MockClass2().bar()]
+
+If many calls have been made, but you're only interested in a particular
+sequence of them then an alternative is to use the
+:meth:`~Mock.assert_has_calls` method. This takes a list of calls (constructed
+with the :data:`call` object). If that sequence of calls are in
+:attr:`~Mock.mock_calls` then the assert succeeds.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock()
+ >>> m().foo().bar().baz()
+ <MagicMock name='mock().foo().bar().baz()' id='...'>
+ >>> m.one().two().three()
+ <MagicMock name='mock.one().two().three()' id='...'>
+ >>> calls = call.one().two().three().call_list()
+ >>> m.assert_has_calls(calls)
+
+Even though the chained call `m.one().two().three()` aren't the only calls that
+have been made to the mock, the assert still succeeds.
+
+Sometimes a mock may have several calls made to it, and you are only interested
+in asserting about *some* of those calls. You may not even care about the
+order. In this case you can pass `any_order=True` to `assert_has_calls`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock()
+ >>> m(1), m.two(2, 3), m.seven(7), m.fifty('50')
+ (...)
+ >>> calls = [call.fifty('50'), call(1), call.seven(7)]
+ >>> m.assert_has_calls(calls, any_order=True)
+
+
+More complex argument matching
+==============================
+
+Using the same basic concept as `ANY` we can implement matchers to do more
+complex assertions on objects used as arguments to mocks.
+
+Suppose we expect some object to be passed to a mock that by default
+compares equal based on object identity (which is the Python default for user
+defined classes). To use :meth:`~Mock.assert_called_with` we would need to pass
+in the exact same object. If we are only interested in some of the attributes
+of this object then we can create a matcher that will check these attributes
+for us.
+
+You can see in this example how a 'standard' call to `assert_called_with` isn't
+sufficient:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Foo(object):
+ ... def __init__(self, a, b):
+ ... self.a, self.b = a, b
+ ...
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock(Foo(1, 2))
+ >>> mock.assert_called_with(Foo(1, 2))
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: Expected: call(<__main__.Foo object at 0x...>)
+ Actual call: call(<__main__.Foo object at 0x...>)
+
+A comparison function for our `Foo` class might look something like this:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> def compare(self, other):
+ ... if not type(self) == type(other):
+ ... return False
+ ... if self.a != other.a:
+ ... return False
+ ... if self.b != other.b:
+ ... return False
+ ... return True
+ ...
+
+And a matcher object that can use comparison functions like this for its
+equality operation would look something like this:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Matcher(object):
+ ... def __init__(self, compare, some_obj):
+ ... self.compare = compare
+ ... self.some_obj = some_obj
+ ... def __eq__(self, other):
+ ... return self.compare(self.some_obj, other)
+ ...
+
+Putting all this together:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> match_foo = Matcher(compare, Foo(1, 2))
+ >>> mock.assert_called_with(match_foo)
+
+The `Matcher` is instantiated with our compare function and the `Foo` object
+we want to compare against. In `assert_called_with` the `Matcher` equality
+method will be called, which compares the object the mock was called with
+against the one we created our matcher with. If they match then
+`assert_called_with` passes, and if they don't an `AssertionError` is raised:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> match_wrong = Matcher(compare, Foo(3, 4))
+ >>> mock.assert_called_with(match_wrong)
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: Expected: ((<Matcher object at 0x...>,), {})
+ Called with: ((<Foo object at 0x...>,), {})
+
+With a bit of tweaking you could have the comparison function raise the
+`AssertionError` directly and provide a more useful failure message.
+
+As of version 1.5, the Python testing library `PyHamcrest
+<http://pypi.python.org/pypi/PyHamcrest>`_ provides similar functionality,
+that may be useful here, in the form of its equality matcher
+(`hamcrest.library.integration.match_equality
+<http://packages.python.org/PyHamcrest/integration.html#hamcrest.library.integration.match_equality>`_).
+
+
+Less verbose configuration of mock objects
+==========================================
+
+This recipe, for easier configuration of mock objects, is now part of `Mock`.
+See the :meth:`~Mock.configure_mock` method.
+
+
+Matching any argument in assertions
+===================================
+
+This example is now built in to mock. See :data:`ANY`.
+
+
+Mocking Properties
+==================
+
+This example is now built in to mock. See :class:`PropertyMock`.
+
+
+Mocking open
+============
+
+This example is now built in to mock. See :func:`mock_open`.
+
+
+Mocks without some attributes
+=============================
+
+This example is now built in to mock. See :ref:`deleting-attributes`.
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/getting-started.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/getting-started.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1b5d289eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/getting-started.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,479 @@
+===========================
+ Getting Started with Mock
+===========================
+
+.. _getting-started:
+
+.. index:: Getting Started
+
+.. testsetup::
+
+ class SomeClass(object):
+ static_method = None
+ class_method = None
+ attribute = None
+
+ sys.modules['package'] = package = Mock(name='package')
+ sys.modules['package.module'] = module = package.module
+ sys.modules['module'] = package.module
+
+
+Using Mock
+==========
+
+Mock Patching Methods
+---------------------
+
+Common uses for :class:`Mock` objects include:
+
+* Patching methods
+* Recording method calls on objects
+
+You might want to replace a method on an object to check that
+it is called with the correct arguments by another part of the system:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> real = SomeClass()
+ >>> real.method = MagicMock(name='method')
+ >>> real.method(3, 4, 5, key='value')
+ <MagicMock name='method()' id='...'>
+
+Once our mock has been used (`real.method` in this example) it has methods
+and attributes that allow you to make assertions about how it has been used.
+
+.. note::
+
+ In most of these examples the :class:`Mock` and :class:`MagicMock` classes
+ are interchangeable. As the `MagicMock` is the more capable class it makes
+ a sensible one to use by default.
+
+Once the mock has been called its :attr:`~Mock.called` attribute is set to
+`True`. More importantly we can use the :meth:`~Mock.assert_called_with` or
+:meth:`~Mock.assert_called_once_with` method to check that it was called with
+the correct arguments.
+
+This example tests that calling `ProductionClass().method` results in a call to
+the `something` method:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from mock import MagicMock
+ >>> class ProductionClass(object):
+ ... def method(self):
+ ... self.something(1, 2, 3)
+ ... def something(self, a, b, c):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> real = ProductionClass()
+ >>> real.something = MagicMock()
+ >>> real.method()
+ >>> real.something.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
+
+
+
+Mock for Method Calls on an Object
+----------------------------------
+
+In the last example we patched a method directly on an object to check that it
+was called correctly. Another common use case is to pass an object into a
+method (or some part of the system under test) and then check that it is used
+in the correct way.
+
+The simple `ProductionClass` below has a `closer` method. If it is called with
+an object then it calls `close` on it.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class ProductionClass(object):
+ ... def closer(self, something):
+ ... something.close()
+ ...
+
+So to test it we need to pass in an object with a `close` method and check
+that it was called correctly.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> real = ProductionClass()
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> real.closer(mock)
+ >>> mock.close.assert_called_with()
+
+We don't have to do any work to provide the 'close' method on our mock.
+Accessing close creates it. So, if 'close' hasn't already been called then
+accessing it in the test will create it, but :meth:`~Mock.assert_called_with`
+will raise a failure exception.
+
+
+Mocking Classes
+---------------
+
+A common use case is to mock out classes instantiated by your code under test.
+When you patch a class, then that class is replaced with a mock. Instances
+are created by *calling the class*. This means you access the "mock instance"
+by looking at the return value of the mocked class.
+
+In the example below we have a function `some_function` that instantiates `Foo`
+and calls a method on it. The call to `patch` replaces the class `Foo` with a
+mock. The `Foo` instance is the result of calling the mock, so it is configured
+by modifying the mock :attr:`~Mock.return_value`.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> def some_function():
+ ... instance = module.Foo()
+ ... return instance.method()
+ ...
+ >>> with patch('module.Foo') as mock:
+ ... instance = mock.return_value
+ ... instance.method.return_value = 'the result'
+ ... result = some_function()
+ ... assert result == 'the result'
+
+
+Naming your mocks
+-----------------
+
+It can be useful to give your mocks a name. The name is shown in the repr of
+the mock and can be helpful when the mock appears in test failure messages. The
+name is also propagated to attributes or methods of the mock:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock(name='foo')
+ >>> mock
+ <MagicMock name='foo' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.method
+ <MagicMock name='foo.method' id='...'>
+
+
+Tracking all Calls
+------------------
+
+Often you want to track more than a single call to a method. The
+:attr:`~Mock.mock_calls` attribute records all calls
+to child attributes of the mock - and also to their children.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> mock.method()
+ <MagicMock name='mock.method()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.attribute.method(10, x=53)
+ <MagicMock name='mock.attribute.method()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.mock_calls
+ [call.method(), call.attribute.method(10, x=53)]
+
+If you make an assertion about `mock_calls` and any unexpected methods
+have been called, then the assertion will fail. This is useful because as well
+as asserting that the calls you expected have been made, you are also checking
+that they were made in the right order and with no additional calls:
+
+You use the :data:`call` object to construct lists for comparing with
+`mock_calls`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> expected = [call.method(), call.attribute.method(10, x=53)]
+ >>> mock.mock_calls == expected
+ True
+
+
+Setting Return Values and Attributes
+------------------------------------
+
+Setting the return values on a mock object is trivially easy:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.return_value = 3
+ >>> mock()
+ 3
+
+Of course you can do the same for methods on the mock:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.method.return_value = 3
+ >>> mock.method()
+ 3
+
+The return value can also be set in the constructor:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=3)
+ >>> mock()
+ 3
+
+If you need an attribute setting on your mock, just do it:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.x = 3
+ >>> mock.x
+ 3
+
+Sometimes you want to mock up a more complex situation, like for example
+`mock.connection.cursor().execute("SELECT 1")`. If we wanted this call to
+return a list, then we have to configure the result of the nested call.
+
+We can use :data:`call` to construct the set of calls in a "chained call" like
+this for easy assertion afterwards:
+
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> cursor = mock.connection.cursor.return_value
+ >>> cursor.execute.return_value = ['foo']
+ >>> mock.connection.cursor().execute("SELECT 1")
+ ['foo']
+ >>> expected = call.connection.cursor().execute("SELECT 1").call_list()
+ >>> mock.mock_calls
+ [call.connection.cursor(), call.connection.cursor().execute('SELECT 1')]
+ >>> mock.mock_calls == expected
+ True
+
+It is the call to `.call_list()` that turns our call object into a list of
+calls representing the chained calls.
+
+
+
+Raising exceptions with mocks
+-----------------------------
+
+A useful attribute is :attr:`~Mock.side_effect`. If you set this to an
+exception class or instance then the exception will be raised when the mock
+is called.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(side_effect=Exception('Boom!'))
+ >>> mock()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ Exception: Boom!
+
+
+Side effect functions and iterables
+-----------------------------------
+
+`side_effect` can also be set to a function or an iterable. The use case for
+`side_effect` as an iterable is where your mock is going to be called several
+times, and you want each call to return a different value. When you set
+`side_effect` to an iterable every call to the mock returns the next value
+from the iterable:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock(side_effect=[4, 5, 6])
+ >>> mock()
+ 4
+ >>> mock()
+ 5
+ >>> mock()
+ 6
+
+
+For more advanced use cases, like dynamically varying the return values
+depending on what the mock is called with, `side_effect` can be a function.
+The function will be called with the same arguments as the mock. Whatever the
+function returns is what the call returns:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> vals = {(1, 2): 1, (2, 3): 2}
+ >>> def side_effect(*args):
+ ... return vals[args]
+ ...
+ >>> mock = MagicMock(side_effect=side_effect)
+ >>> mock(1, 2)
+ 1
+ >>> mock(2, 3)
+ 2
+
+
+Creating a Mock from an Existing Object
+---------------------------------------
+
+One problem with over use of mocking is that it couples your tests to the
+implementation of your mocks rather than your real code. Suppose you have a
+class that implements `some_method`. In a test for another class, you
+provide a mock of this object that *also* provides `some_method`. If later
+you refactor the first class, so that it no longer has `some_method` - then
+your tests will continue to pass even though your code is now broken!
+
+`Mock` allows you to provide an object as a specification for the mock,
+using the `spec` keyword argument. Accessing methods / attributes on the
+mock that don't exist on your specification object will immediately raise an
+attribute error. If you change the implementation of your specification, then
+tests that use that class will start failing immediately without you having to
+instantiate the class in those tests.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(spec=SomeClass)
+ >>> mock.old_method()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AttributeError: object has no attribute 'old_method'
+
+If you want a stronger form of specification that prevents the setting
+of arbitrary attributes as well as the getting of them then you can use
+`spec_set` instead of `spec`.
+
+
+
+Patch Decorators
+================
+
+.. note::
+
+ With `patch` it matters that you patch objects in the namespace where they
+ are looked up. This is normally straightforward, but for a quick guide
+ read :ref:`where to patch <where-to-patch>`.
+
+
+A common need in tests is to patch a class attribute or a module attribute,
+for example patching a builtin or patching a class in a module to test that it
+is instantiated. Modules and classes are effectively global, so patching on
+them has to be undone after the test or the patch will persist into other
+tests and cause hard to diagnose problems.
+
+mock provides three convenient decorators for this: `patch`, `patch.object` and
+`patch.dict`. `patch` takes a single string, of the form
+`package.module.Class.attribute` to specify the attribute you are patching. It
+also optionally takes a value that you want the attribute (or class or
+whatever) to be replaced with. 'patch.object' takes an object and the name of
+the attribute you would like patched, plus optionally the value to patch it
+with.
+
+`patch.object`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> original = SomeClass.attribute
+ >>> @patch.object(SomeClass, 'attribute', sentinel.attribute)
+ ... def test():
+ ... assert SomeClass.attribute == sentinel.attribute
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+ >>> assert SomeClass.attribute == original
+
+ >>> @patch('package.module.attribute', sentinel.attribute)
+ ... def test():
+ ... from package.module import attribute
+ ... assert attribute is sentinel.attribute
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+
+If you are patching a module (including `__builtin__`) then use `patch`
+instead of `patch.object`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock(return_value = sentinel.file_handle)
+ >>> with patch('__builtin__.open', mock):
+ ... handle = open('filename', 'r')
+ ...
+ >>> mock.assert_called_with('filename', 'r')
+ >>> assert handle == sentinel.file_handle, "incorrect file handle returned"
+
+The module name can be 'dotted', in the form `package.module` if needed:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> @patch('package.module.ClassName.attribute', sentinel.attribute)
+ ... def test():
+ ... from package.module import ClassName
+ ... assert ClassName.attribute == sentinel.attribute
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+
+A nice pattern is to actually decorate test methods themselves:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(unittest2.TestCase):
+ ... @patch.object(SomeClass, 'attribute', sentinel.attribute)
+ ... def test_something(self):
+ ... self.assertEqual(SomeClass.attribute, sentinel.attribute)
+ ...
+ >>> original = SomeClass.attribute
+ >>> MyTest('test_something').test_something()
+ >>> assert SomeClass.attribute == original
+
+If you want to patch with a Mock, you can use `patch` with only one argument
+(or `patch.object` with two arguments). The mock will be created for you and
+passed into the test function / method:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(unittest2.TestCase):
+ ... @patch.object(SomeClass, 'static_method')
+ ... def test_something(self, mock_method):
+ ... SomeClass.static_method()
+ ... mock_method.assert_called_with()
+ ...
+ >>> MyTest('test_something').test_something()
+
+You can stack up multiple patch decorators using this pattern:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(unittest2.TestCase):
+ ... @patch('package.module.ClassName1')
+ ... @patch('package.module.ClassName2')
+ ... def test_something(self, MockClass2, MockClass1):
+ ... self.assertTrue(package.module.ClassName1 is MockClass1)
+ ... self.assertTrue(package.module.ClassName2 is MockClass2)
+ ...
+ >>> MyTest('test_something').test_something()
+
+When you nest patch decorators the mocks are passed in to the decorated
+function in the same order they applied (the normal *python* order that
+decorators are applied). This means from the bottom up, so in the example
+above the mock for `test_module.ClassName2` is passed in first.
+
+There is also :func:`patch.dict` for setting values in a dictionary just
+during a scope and restoring the dictionary to its original state when the test
+ends:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> foo = {'key': 'value'}
+ >>> original = foo.copy()
+ >>> with patch.dict(foo, {'newkey': 'newvalue'}, clear=True):
+ ... assert foo == {'newkey': 'newvalue'}
+ ...
+ >>> assert foo == original
+
+`patch`, `patch.object` and `patch.dict` can all be used as context managers.
+
+Where you use `patch` to create a mock for you, you can get a reference to the
+mock using the "as" form of the with statement:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class ProductionClass(object):
+ ... def method(self):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> with patch.object(ProductionClass, 'method') as mock_method:
+ ... mock_method.return_value = None
+ ... real = ProductionClass()
+ ... real.method(1, 2, 3)
+ ...
+ >>> mock_method.assert_called_with(1, 2, 3)
+
+
+As an alternative `patch`, `patch.object` and `patch.dict` can be used as
+class decorators. When used in this way it is the same as applying the
+decorator indvidually to every method whose name starts with "test".
+
+For some more advanced examples, see the :ref:`further-examples` page.
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/helpers.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/helpers.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..571b71d5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/helpers.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,583 @@
+=========
+ Helpers
+=========
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+.. testsetup::
+
+ mock.FILTER_DIR = True
+ from pprint import pprint as pp
+ original_dir = dir
+ def dir(obj):
+ print pp(original_dir(obj))
+
+ import urllib2
+ __main__.urllib2 = urllib2
+
+.. testcleanup::
+
+ dir = original_dir
+ mock.FILTER_DIR = True
+
+
+
+call
+====
+
+.. function:: call(*args, **kwargs)
+
+ `call` is a helper object for making simpler assertions, for comparing
+ with :attr:`~Mock.call_args`, :attr:`~Mock.call_args_list`,
+ :attr:`~Mock.mock_calls` and :attr: `~Mock.method_calls`. `call` can also be
+ used with :meth:`~Mock.assert_has_calls`.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock(return_value=None)
+ >>> m(1, 2, a='foo', b='bar')
+ >>> m()
+ >>> m.call_args_list == [call(1, 2, a='foo', b='bar'), call()]
+ True
+
+.. method:: call.call_list()
+
+ For a call object that represents multiple calls, `call_list`
+ returns a list of all the intermediate calls as well as the
+ final call.
+
+`call_list` is particularly useful for making assertions on "chained calls". A
+chained call is multiple calls on a single line of code. This results in
+multiple entries in :attr:`~Mock.mock_calls` on a mock. Manually constructing
+the sequence of calls can be tedious.
+
+:meth:`~call.call_list` can construct the sequence of calls from the same
+chained call:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock()
+ >>> m(1).method(arg='foo').other('bar')(2.0)
+ <MagicMock name='mock().method().other()()' id='...'>
+ >>> kall = call(1).method(arg='foo').other('bar')(2.0)
+ >>> kall.call_list()
+ [call(1),
+ call().method(arg='foo'),
+ call().method().other('bar'),
+ call().method().other()(2.0)]
+ >>> m.mock_calls == kall.call_list()
+ True
+
+.. _calls-as-tuples:
+
+A `call` object is either a tuple of (positional args, keyword args) or
+(name, positional args, keyword args) depending on how it was constructed. When
+you construct them yourself this isn't particularly interesting, but the `call`
+objects that are in the :attr:`Mock.call_args`, :attr:`Mock.call_args_list` and
+:attr:`Mock.mock_calls` attributes can be introspected to get at the individual
+arguments they contain.
+
+The `call` objects in :attr:`Mock.call_args` and :attr:`Mock.call_args_list`
+are two-tuples of (positional args, keyword args) whereas the `call` objects
+in :attr:`Mock.mock_calls`, along with ones you construct yourself, are
+three-tuples of (name, positional args, keyword args).
+
+You can use their "tupleness" to pull out the individual arguments for more
+complex introspection and assertions. The positional arguments are a tuple
+(an empty tuple if there are no positional arguments) and the keyword
+arguments are a dictionary:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock(return_value=None)
+ >>> m(1, 2, 3, arg='one', arg2='two')
+ >>> kall = m.call_args
+ >>> args, kwargs = kall
+ >>> args
+ (1, 2, 3)
+ >>> kwargs
+ {'arg2': 'two', 'arg': 'one'}
+ >>> args is kall[0]
+ True
+ >>> kwargs is kall[1]
+ True
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock()
+ >>> m.foo(4, 5, 6, arg='two', arg2='three')
+ <MagicMock name='mock.foo()' id='...'>
+ >>> kall = m.mock_calls[0]
+ >>> name, args, kwargs = kall
+ >>> name
+ 'foo'
+ >>> args
+ (4, 5, 6)
+ >>> kwargs
+ {'arg2': 'three', 'arg': 'two'}
+ >>> name is m.mock_calls[0][0]
+ True
+
+
+create_autospec
+===============
+
+.. function:: create_autospec(spec, spec_set=False, instance=False, **kwargs)
+
+ Create a mock object using another object as a spec. Attributes on the
+ mock will use the corresponding attribute on the `spec` object as their
+ spec.
+
+ Functions or methods being mocked will have their arguments checked to
+ ensure that they are called with the correct signature.
+
+ If `spec_set` is `True` then attempting to set attributes that don't exist
+ on the spec object will raise an `AttributeError`.
+
+ If a class is used as a spec then the return value of the mock (the
+ instance of the class) will have the same spec. You can use a class as the
+ spec for an instance object by passing `instance=True`. The returned mock
+ will only be callable if instances of the mock are callable.
+
+ `create_autospec` also takes arbitrary keyword arguments that are passed to
+ the constructor of the created mock.
+
+See :ref:`auto-speccing` for examples of how to use auto-speccing with
+`create_autospec` and the `autospec` argument to :func:`patch`.
+
+
+ANY
+===
+
+.. data:: ANY
+
+Sometimes you may need to make assertions about *some* of the arguments in a
+call to mock, but either not care about some of the arguments or want to pull
+them individually out of :attr:`~Mock.call_args` and make more complex
+assertions on them.
+
+To ignore certain arguments you can pass in objects that compare equal to
+*everything*. Calls to :meth:`~Mock.assert_called_with` and
+:meth:`~Mock.assert_called_once_with` will then succeed no matter what was
+passed in.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock('foo', bar=object())
+ >>> mock.assert_called_once_with('foo', bar=ANY)
+
+`ANY` can also be used in comparisons with call lists like
+:attr:`~Mock.mock_calls`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock(return_value=None)
+ >>> m(1)
+ >>> m(1, 2)
+ >>> m(object())
+ >>> m.mock_calls == [call(1), call(1, 2), ANY]
+ True
+
+
+
+FILTER_DIR
+==========
+
+.. data:: FILTER_DIR
+
+`FILTER_DIR` is a module level variable that controls the way mock objects
+respond to `dir` (only for Python 2.6 or more recent). The default is `True`,
+which uses the filtering described below, to only show useful members. If you
+dislike this filtering, or need to switch it off for diagnostic purposes, then
+set `mock.FILTER_DIR = False`.
+
+With filtering on, `dir(some_mock)` shows only useful attributes and will
+include any dynamically created attributes that wouldn't normally be shown.
+If the mock was created with a `spec` (or `autospec` of course) then all the
+attributes from the original are shown, even if they haven't been accessed
+yet:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> dir(Mock())
+ ['assert_any_call',
+ 'assert_called_once_with',
+ 'assert_called_with',
+ 'assert_has_calls',
+ 'attach_mock',
+ ...
+ >>> import urllib2
+ >>> dir(Mock(spec=urllib2))
+ ['AbstractBasicAuthHandler',
+ 'AbstractDigestAuthHandler',
+ 'AbstractHTTPHandler',
+ 'BaseHandler',
+ ...
+
+Many of the not-very-useful (private to `Mock` rather than the thing being
+mocked) underscore and double underscore prefixed attributes have been
+filtered from the result of calling `dir` on a `Mock`. If you dislike this
+behaviour you can switch it off by setting the module level switch
+`FILTER_DIR`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> import mock
+ >>> mock.FILTER_DIR = False
+ >>> dir(mock.Mock())
+ ['_NonCallableMock__get_return_value',
+ '_NonCallableMock__get_side_effect',
+ '_NonCallableMock__return_value_doc',
+ '_NonCallableMock__set_return_value',
+ '_NonCallableMock__set_side_effect',
+ '__call__',
+ '__class__',
+ ...
+
+Alternatively you can just use `vars(my_mock)` (instance members) and
+`dir(type(my_mock))` (type members) to bypass the filtering irrespective of
+`mock.FILTER_DIR`.
+
+
+mock_open
+=========
+
+.. function:: mock_open(mock=None, read_data=None)
+
+ A helper function to create a mock to replace the use of `open`. It works
+ for `open` called directly or used as a context manager.
+
+ The `mock` argument is the mock object to configure. If `None` (the
+ default) then a `MagicMock` will be created for you, with the API limited
+ to methods or attributes available on standard file handles.
+
+ `read_data` is a string for the `read` method of the file handle to return.
+ This is an empty string by default.
+
+Using `open` as a context manager is a great way to ensure your file handles
+are closed properly and is becoming common::
+
+ with open('/some/path', 'w') as f:
+ f.write('something')
+
+The issue is that even if you mock out the call to `open` it is the
+*returned object* that is used as a context manager (and has `__enter__` and
+`__exit__` called).
+
+Mocking context managers with a :class:`MagicMock` is common enough and fiddly
+enough that a helper function is useful.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from mock import mock_open
+ >>> m = mock_open()
+ >>> with patch('__main__.open', m, create=True):
+ ... with open('foo', 'w') as h:
+ ... h.write('some stuff')
+ ...
+ >>> m.mock_calls
+ [call('foo', 'w'),
+ call().__enter__(),
+ call().write('some stuff'),
+ call().__exit__(None, None, None)]
+ >>> m.assert_called_once_with('foo', 'w')
+ >>> handle = m()
+ >>> handle.write.assert_called_once_with('some stuff')
+
+And for reading files:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> with patch('__main__.open', mock_open(read_data='bibble'), create=True) as m:
+ ... with open('foo') as h:
+ ... result = h.read()
+ ...
+ >>> m.assert_called_once_with('foo')
+ >>> assert result == 'bibble'
+
+
+.. _auto-speccing:
+
+Autospeccing
+============
+
+Autospeccing is based on the existing `spec` feature of mock. It limits the
+api of mocks to the api of an original object (the spec), but it is recursive
+(implemented lazily) so that attributes of mocks only have the same api as
+the attributes of the spec. In addition mocked functions / methods have the
+same call signature as the original so they raise a `TypeError` if they are
+called incorrectly.
+
+Before I explain how auto-speccing works, here's why it is needed.
+
+`Mock` is a very powerful and flexible object, but it suffers from two flaws
+when used to mock out objects from a system under test. One of these flaws is
+specific to the `Mock` api and the other is a more general problem with using
+mock objects.
+
+First the problem specific to `Mock`. `Mock` has two assert methods that are
+extremely handy: :meth:`~Mock.assert_called_with` and
+:meth:`~Mock.assert_called_once_with`.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(name='Thing', return_value=None)
+ >>> mock(1, 2, 3)
+ >>> mock.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
+ >>> mock(1, 2, 3)
+ >>> mock.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: Expected to be called once. Called 2 times.
+
+Because mocks auto-create attributes on demand, and allow you to call them
+with arbitrary arguments, if you misspell one of these assert methods then
+your assertion is gone:
+
+.. code-block:: pycon
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(name='Thing', return_value=None)
+ >>> mock(1, 2, 3)
+ >>> mock.assret_called_once_with(4, 5, 6)
+
+Your tests can pass silently and incorrectly because of the typo.
+
+The second issue is more general to mocking. If you refactor some of your
+code, rename members and so on, any tests for code that is still using the
+*old api* but uses mocks instead of the real objects will still pass. This
+means your tests can all pass even though your code is broken.
+
+Note that this is another reason why you need integration tests as well as
+unit tests. Testing everything in isolation is all fine and dandy, but if you
+don't test how your units are "wired together" there is still lots of room
+for bugs that tests might have caught.
+
+`mock` already provides a feature to help with this, called speccing. If you
+use a class or instance as the `spec` for a mock then you can only access
+attributes on the mock that exist on the real class:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> import urllib2
+ >>> mock = Mock(spec=urllib2.Request)
+ >>> mock.assret_called_with
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AttributeError: Mock object has no attribute 'assret_called_with'
+
+The spec only applies to the mock itself, so we still have the same issue
+with any methods on the mock:
+
+.. code-block:: pycon
+
+ >>> mock.has_data()
+ <mock.Mock object at 0x...>
+ >>> mock.has_data.assret_called_with()
+
+Auto-speccing solves this problem. You can either pass `autospec=True` to
+`patch` / `patch.object` or use the `create_autospec` function to create a
+mock with a spec. If you use the `autospec=True` argument to `patch` then the
+object that is being replaced will be used as the spec object. Because the
+speccing is done "lazily" (the spec is created as attributes on the mock are
+accessed) you can use it with very complex or deeply nested objects (like
+modules that import modules that import modules) without a big performance
+hit.
+
+Here's an example of it in use:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> import urllib2
+ >>> patcher = patch('__main__.urllib2', autospec=True)
+ >>> mock_urllib2 = patcher.start()
+ >>> urllib2 is mock_urllib2
+ True
+ >>> urllib2.Request
+ <MagicMock name='urllib2.Request' spec='Request' id='...'>
+
+You can see that `urllib2.Request` has a spec. `urllib2.Request` takes two
+arguments in the constructor (one of which is `self`). Here's what happens if
+we try to call it incorrectly:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> req = urllib2.Request()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ TypeError: <lambda>() takes at least 2 arguments (1 given)
+
+The spec also applies to instantiated classes (i.e. the return value of
+specced mocks):
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> req = urllib2.Request('foo')
+ >>> req
+ <NonCallableMagicMock name='urllib2.Request()' spec='Request' id='...'>
+
+`Request` objects are not callable, so the return value of instantiating our
+mocked out `urllib2.Request` is a non-callable mock. With the spec in place
+any typos in our asserts will raise the correct error:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> req.add_header('spam', 'eggs')
+ <MagicMock name='urllib2.Request().add_header()' id='...'>
+ >>> req.add_header.assret_called_with
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AttributeError: Mock object has no attribute 'assret_called_with'
+ >>> req.add_header.assert_called_with('spam', 'eggs')
+
+In many cases you will just be able to add `autospec=True` to your existing
+`patch` calls and then be protected against bugs due to typos and api
+changes.
+
+As well as using `autospec` through `patch` there is a
+:func:`create_autospec` for creating autospecced mocks directly:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> import urllib2
+ >>> mock_urllib2 = create_autospec(urllib2)
+ >>> mock_urllib2.Request('foo', 'bar')
+ <NonCallableMagicMock name='mock.Request()' spec='Request' id='...'>
+
+This isn't without caveats and limitations however, which is why it is not
+the default behaviour. In order to know what attributes are available on the
+spec object, autospec has to introspect (access attributes) the spec. As you
+traverse attributes on the mock a corresponding traversal of the original
+object is happening under the hood. If any of your specced objects have
+properties or descriptors that can trigger code execution then you may not be
+able to use autospec. On the other hand it is much better to design your
+objects so that introspection is safe [#]_.
+
+A more serious problem is that it is common for instance attributes to be
+created in the `__init__` method and not to exist on the class at all.
+`autospec` can't know about any dynamically created attributes and restricts
+the api to visible attributes.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Something(object):
+ ... def __init__(self):
+ ... self.a = 33
+ ...
+ >>> with patch('__main__.Something', autospec=True):
+ ... thing = Something()
+ ... thing.a
+ ...
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AttributeError: Mock object has no attribute 'a'
+
+There are a few different ways of resolving this problem. The easiest, but
+not necessarily the least annoying, way is to simply set the required
+attributes on the mock after creation. Just because `autospec` doesn't allow
+you to fetch attributes that don't exist on the spec it doesn't prevent you
+setting them:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> with patch('__main__.Something', autospec=True):
+ ... thing = Something()
+ ... thing.a = 33
+ ...
+
+There is a more aggressive version of both `spec` and `autospec` that *does*
+prevent you setting non-existent attributes. This is useful if you want to
+ensure your code only *sets* valid attributes too, but obviously it prevents
+this particular scenario:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> with patch('__main__.Something', autospec=True, spec_set=True):
+ ... thing = Something()
+ ... thing.a = 33
+ ...
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AttributeError: Mock object has no attribute 'a'
+
+Probably the best way of solving the problem is to add class attributes as
+default values for instance members initialised in `__init__`. Note that if
+you are only setting default attributes in `__init__` then providing them via
+class attributes (shared between instances of course) is faster too. e.g.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+ class Something(object):
+ a = 33
+
+This brings up another issue. It is relatively common to provide a default
+value of `None` for members that will later be an object of a different type.
+`None` would be useless as a spec because it wouldn't let you access *any*
+attributes or methods on it. As `None` is *never* going to be useful as a
+spec, and probably indicates a member that will normally of some other type,
+`autospec` doesn't use a spec for members that are set to `None`. These will
+just be ordinary mocks (well - `MagicMocks`):
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Something(object):
+ ... member = None
+ ...
+ >>> mock = create_autospec(Something)
+ >>> mock.member.foo.bar.baz()
+ <MagicMock name='mock.member.foo.bar.baz()' id='...'>
+
+If modifying your production classes to add defaults isn't to your liking
+then there are more options. One of these is simply to use an instance as the
+spec rather than the class. The other is to create a subclass of the
+production class and add the defaults to the subclass without affecting the
+production class. Both of these require you to use an alternative object as
+the spec. Thankfully `patch` supports this - you can simply pass the
+alternative object as the `autospec` argument:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Something(object):
+ ... def __init__(self):
+ ... self.a = 33
+ ...
+ >>> class SomethingForTest(Something):
+ ... a = 33
+ ...
+ >>> p = patch('__main__.Something', autospec=SomethingForTest)
+ >>> mock = p.start()
+ >>> mock.a
+ <NonCallableMagicMock name='Something.a' spec='int' id='...'>
+
+.. note::
+
+ An additional limitation (currently) with `autospec` is that unbound
+ methods on mocked classes *don't* take an "explicit self" as the first
+ argument - so this usage will fail with `autospec`.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Foo(object):
+ ... def foo(self):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> Foo.foo(Foo())
+ >>> MockFoo = create_autospec(Foo)
+ >>> MockFoo.foo(MockFoo())
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ TypeError: <lambda>() takes exactly 1 argument (2 given)
+
+ The reason is that its very hard to tell the difference between functions,
+ unbound methods and staticmethods across Python 2 & 3 and the alternative
+ implementations. This restriction may be fixed in future versions.
+
+
+------
+
+.. [#] This only applies to classes or already instantiated objects. Calling
+ a mocked class to create a mock instance *does not* create a real instance.
+ It is only attribute lookups - along with calls to `dir` - that are done. A
+ way round this problem would have been to use `getattr_static
+ <http://docs.python.org/dev/library/inspect.html#inspect.getattr_static>`_,
+ which can fetch attributes without triggering code execution. Descriptors
+ like `classmethod` and `staticmethod` *need* to be fetched correctly though,
+ so that their signatures can be mocked correctly.
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/index.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/index.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7e4a8daca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/index.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,411 @@
+====================================
+ Mock - Mocking and Testing Library
+====================================
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+:Author: `Michael Foord
+ <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/weblog/index.shtml>`_
+:Version: |release|
+:Date: 2012/10/07
+:Homepage: `Mock Homepage`_
+:Download: `Mock on PyPI`_
+:Documentation: `PDF Documentation
+ <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/downloads/mock-1.0.0.pdf>`_
+:License: `BSD License`_
+:Support: `Mailing list (testing-in-python@lists.idyll.org)
+ <http://lists.idyll.org/listinfo/testing-in-python>`_
+:Issue tracker: `Google code project
+ <http://code.google.com/p/mock/issues/list>`_
+
+.. _Mock Homepage: http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/
+.. _BSD License: http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/license.shtml
+
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+.. module:: mock
+ :synopsis: Mock object and testing library.
+
+.. index:: introduction
+
+mock is a library for testing in Python. It allows you to replace parts of
+your system under test with mock objects and make assertions about how they
+have been used.
+
+mock is now part of the Python standard library, available as `unittest.mock
+<http://docs.python.org/py3k/library/unittest.mock.html#module-unittest.mock>`_
+in Python 3.3 onwards.
+
+mock provides a core :class:`Mock` class removing the need to create a host
+of stubs throughout your test suite. After performing an action, you can make
+assertions about which methods / attributes were used and arguments they were
+called with. You can also specify return values and set needed attributes in
+the normal way.
+
+Additionally, mock provides a :func:`patch` decorator that handles patching
+module and class level attributes within the scope of a test, along with
+:const:`sentinel` for creating unique objects. See the `quick guide`_ for
+some examples of how to use :class:`Mock`, :class:`MagicMock` and
+:func:`patch`.
+
+Mock is very easy to use and is designed for use with
+`unittest <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2>`_. Mock is based on
+the 'action -> assertion' pattern instead of `'record -> replay'` used by many
+mocking frameworks.
+
+mock is tested on Python versions 2.4-2.7, Python 3 plus the latest versions of
+Jython and PyPy.
+
+
+.. testsetup::
+
+ class ProductionClass(object):
+ def method(self, *args):
+ pass
+
+ module = sys.modules['module'] = ProductionClass
+ ProductionClass.ClassName1 = ProductionClass
+ ProductionClass.ClassName2 = ProductionClass
+
+
+
+API Documentation
+=================
+
+.. toctree::
+ :maxdepth: 2
+
+ mock
+ patch
+ helpers
+ sentinel
+ magicmock
+
+
+User Guide
+==========
+
+.. toctree::
+ :maxdepth: 2
+
+ getting-started
+ examples
+ compare
+ changelog
+
+
+.. index:: installing
+
+Installing
+==========
+
+The current version is |release|. Mock is stable and widely used. If you do
+find any bugs, or have suggestions for improvements / extensions
+then please contact us.
+
+* `mock on PyPI <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/mock>`_
+* `mock documentation as PDF
+ <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/downloads/mock-1.0.0.pdf>`_
+* `Google Code Home & Mercurial Repository <http://code.google.com/p/mock/>`_
+
+.. index:: repository
+.. index:: hg
+
+You can checkout the latest development version from the Google Code Mercurial
+repository with the following command:
+
+ ``hg clone https://mock.googlecode.com/hg/ mock``
+
+
+.. index:: pip
+.. index:: easy_install
+.. index:: setuptools
+
+If you have pip, setuptools or distribute you can install mock with:
+
+ | ``easy_install -U mock``
+ | ``pip install -U mock``
+
+Alternatively you can download the mock distribution from PyPI and after
+unpacking run:
+
+ ``python setup.py install``
+
+
+Quick Guide
+===========
+
+:class:`Mock` and :class:`MagicMock` objects create all attributes and
+methods as you access them and store details of how they have been used. You
+can configure them, to specify return values or limit what attributes are
+available, and then make assertions about how they have been used:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from mock import MagicMock
+ >>> thing = ProductionClass()
+ >>> thing.method = MagicMock(return_value=3)
+ >>> thing.method(3, 4, 5, key='value')
+ 3
+ >>> thing.method.assert_called_with(3, 4, 5, key='value')
+
+:attr:`side_effect` allows you to perform side effects, including raising an
+exception when a mock is called:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(side_effect=KeyError('foo'))
+ >>> mock()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError: 'foo'
+
+ >>> values = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
+ >>> def side_effect(arg):
+ ... return values[arg]
+ ...
+ >>> mock.side_effect = side_effect
+ >>> mock('a'), mock('b'), mock('c')
+ (1, 2, 3)
+ >>> mock.side_effect = [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
+ >>> mock(), mock(), mock()
+ (5, 4, 3)
+
+Mock has many other ways you can configure it and control its behaviour. For
+example the `spec` argument configures the mock to take its specification
+from another object. Attempting to access attributes or methods on the mock
+that don't exist on the spec will fail with an `AttributeError`.
+
+The :func:`patch` decorator / context manager makes it easy to mock classes or
+objects in a module under test. The object you specify will be replaced with a
+mock (or other object) during the test and restored when the test ends:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from mock import patch
+ >>> @patch('module.ClassName2')
+ ... @patch('module.ClassName1')
+ ... def test(MockClass1, MockClass2):
+ ... module.ClassName1()
+ ... module.ClassName2()
+
+ ... assert MockClass1 is module.ClassName1
+ ... assert MockClass2 is module.ClassName2
+ ... assert MockClass1.called
+ ... assert MockClass2.called
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+
+.. note::
+
+ When you nest patch decorators the mocks are passed in to the decorated
+ function in the same order they applied (the normal *python* order that
+ decorators are applied). This means from the bottom up, so in the example
+ above the mock for `module.ClassName1` is passed in first.
+
+ With `patch` it matters that you patch objects in the namespace where they
+ are looked up. This is normally straightforward, but for a quick guide
+ read :ref:`where to patch <where-to-patch>`.
+
+As well as a decorator `patch` can be used as a context manager in a with
+statement:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> with patch.object(ProductionClass, 'method', return_value=None) as mock_method:
+ ... thing = ProductionClass()
+ ... thing.method(1, 2, 3)
+ ...
+ >>> mock_method.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
+
+
+There is also :func:`patch.dict` for setting values in a dictionary just
+during a scope and restoring the dictionary to its original state when the test
+ends:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> foo = {'key': 'value'}
+ >>> original = foo.copy()
+ >>> with patch.dict(foo, {'newkey': 'newvalue'}, clear=True):
+ ... assert foo == {'newkey': 'newvalue'}
+ ...
+ >>> assert foo == original
+
+Mock supports the mocking of Python :ref:`magic methods <magic-methods>`. The
+easiest way of using magic methods is with the :class:`MagicMock` class. It
+allows you to do things like:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> mock.__str__.return_value = 'foobarbaz'
+ >>> str(mock)
+ 'foobarbaz'
+ >>> mock.__str__.assert_called_with()
+
+Mock allows you to assign functions (or other Mock instances) to magic methods
+and they will be called appropriately. The `MagicMock` class is just a Mock
+variant that has all of the magic methods pre-created for you (well, all the
+useful ones anyway).
+
+The following is an example of using magic methods with the ordinary Mock
+class:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__str__ = Mock(return_value='wheeeeee')
+ >>> str(mock)
+ 'wheeeeee'
+
+For ensuring that the mock objects in your tests have the same api as the
+objects they are replacing, you can use :ref:`auto-speccing <auto-speccing>`.
+Auto-speccing can be done through the `autospec` argument to patch, or the
+:func:`create_autospec` function. Auto-speccing creates mock objects that
+have the same attributes and methods as the objects they are replacing, and
+any functions and methods (including constructors) have the same call
+signature as the real object.
+
+This ensures that your mocks will fail in the same way as your production
+code if they are used incorrectly:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from mock import create_autospec
+ >>> def function(a, b, c):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> mock_function = create_autospec(function, return_value='fishy')
+ >>> mock_function(1, 2, 3)
+ 'fishy'
+ >>> mock_function.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
+ >>> mock_function('wrong arguments')
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ TypeError: <lambda>() takes exactly 3 arguments (1 given)
+
+`create_autospec` can also be used on classes, where it copies the signature of
+the `__init__` method, and on callable objects where it copies the signature of
+the `__call__` method.
+
+
+.. index:: references
+.. index:: articles
+
+References
+==========
+
+Articles, blog entries and other stuff related to testing with Mock:
+
+* `Imposing a No DB Discipline on Django unit tests
+ <https://github.com/carljm/django-testing-slides/blob/master/models/30_no_database.md>`_
+* `mock-django: tools for mocking the Django ORM and models
+ <https://github.com/dcramer/mock-django>`_
+* `PyCon 2011 Video: Testing with mock <https://blip.tv/file/4881513>`_
+* `Mock objects in Python
+ <http://noopenblockers.com/2012/01/06/mock-objects-in-python/>`_
+* `Python: Injecting Mock Objects for Powerful Testing
+ <http://blueprintforge.com/blog/2012/01/08/python-injecting-mock-objects-for-powerful-testing/>`_
+* `Python Mock: How to assert a substring of logger output
+ <http://www.michaelpollmeier.com/python-mock-how-to-assert-a-substring-of-logger-output/>`_
+* `Mocking Django <http://www.mattjmorrison.com/2011/09/mocking-django.html>`_
+* `Mocking dates and other classes that can't be modified
+ <http://williamjohnbert.com/2011/07/how-to-unit-testing-in-django-with-mocking-and-patching/>`_
+* `Mock recipes <http://konryd.blogspot.com/2010/06/mock-recipies.html>`_
+* `Mockity mock mock - some love for the mock module
+ <http://konryd.blogspot.com/2010/05/mockity-mock-mock-some-love-for-mock.html>`_
+* `Coverage and Mock (with django)
+ <http://mattsnider.com/python/mock-and-coverage/>`_
+* `Python Unit Testing with Mock <http://www.insomnihack.com/?p=194>`_
+* `Getting started with Python Mock
+ <http://myadventuresincoding.wordpress.com/2011/02/26/python-python-mock-cheat-sheet/>`_
+* `Smart Parameter Checks with mock
+ <http://tobyho.com/2011/03/24/smart-parameter-checks-in/>`_
+* `Python mock testing techniques and tools
+ <http://agiletesting.blogspot.com/2009/07/python-mock-testing-techniques-and.html>`_
+* `How To Test Django Template Tags
+ <http://techblog.ironfroggy.com/2008/10/how-to-test.html>`_
+* `A presentation on Unit Testing with Mock
+ <http://pypap.blogspot.com/2008/10/newbie-nugget-unit-testing-with-mock.html>`_
+* `Mocking with Django and Google AppEngine
+ <http://michael-a-nelson.blogspot.com/2008/09/mocking-with-django-and-google-app.html>`_
+
+
+.. index:: tests
+.. index:: unittest2
+
+Tests
+=====
+
+Mock uses `unittest2 <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2>`_ for its own
+test suite. In order to run it, use the `unit2` script that comes with
+`unittest2` module on a checkout of the source repository:
+
+ `unit2 discover`
+
+If you have `setuptools <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/distribute>`_ as well as
+unittest2 you can run:
+
+ ``python setup.py test``
+
+On Python 3.2 you can use ``unittest`` module from the standard library.
+
+ ``python3.2 -m unittest discover``
+
+.. index:: Python 3
+
+On Python 3 the tests for unicode are skipped as they are not relevant. On
+Python 2.4 tests that use the with statements are skipped as the with statement
+is invalid syntax on Python 2.4.
+
+
+.. index:: older versions
+
+Older Versions
+==============
+
+Documentation for older versions of mock:
+
+* `mock 0.8 <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/0.8/>`_
+* `mock 0.7 <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/0.7/>`_
+* `mock 0.6 <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/0.6.0/>`_
+
+Docs from the in-development version of `mock` can be found at
+`mock.readthedocs.org <http://mock.readthedocs.org>`_.
+
+
+Terminology
+===========
+
+Terminology for objects used to replace other ones can be confusing. Terms
+like double, fake, mock, stub, and spy are all used with varying meanings.
+
+In `classic mock terminology
+<http://xunitpatterns.com/Mocks,%20Fakes,%20Stubs%20and%20Dummies.html>`_
+:class:`mock.Mock` is a `spy <http://xunitpatterns.com/Test%20Spy.html>`_ that
+allows for *post-mortem* examination. This is what I call the "action ->
+assertion" [#]_ pattern of testing.
+
+I'm not however a fan of this "statically typed mocking terminology"
+promulgated by `Martin Fowler
+<http://martinfowler.com/articles/mocksArentStubs.html>`_. It confuses usage
+patterns with implementation and prevents you from using natural terminology
+when discussing mocking.
+
+I much prefer duck typing, if an object used in your test suite looks like a
+mock object and quacks like a mock object then it's fine to call it a mock, no
+matter what the implementation looks like.
+
+This terminology is perhaps more useful in less capable languages where
+different usage patterns will *require* different implementations.
+`mock.Mock()` is capable of being used in most of the different roles
+described by Fowler, except (annoyingly / frustratingly / ironically) a Mock
+itself!
+
+How about a simpler definition: a "mock object" is an object used to replace a
+real one in a system under test.
+
+.. [#] This pattern is called "AAA" by some members of the testing community;
+ "Arrange - Act - Assert".
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/magicmock.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/magicmock.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..42b2ed9db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/magicmock.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+
+.. _magic-methods:
+
+Mocking Magic Methods
+=====================
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+:class:`Mock` supports mocking `magic methods
+<http://www.ironpythoninaction.com/magic-methods.html>`_. This allows mock
+objects to replace containers or other objects that implement Python
+protocols.
+
+Because magic methods are looked up differently from normal methods [#]_, this
+support has been specially implemented. This means that only specific magic
+methods are supported. The supported list includes *almost* all of them. If
+there are any missing that you need please let us know!
+
+You mock magic methods by setting the method you are interested in to a function
+or a mock instance. If you are using a function then it *must* take ``self`` as
+the first argument [#]_.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> def __str__(self):
+ ... return 'fooble'
+ ...
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__str__ = __str__
+ >>> str(mock)
+ 'fooble'
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__str__ = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__str__.return_value = 'fooble'
+ >>> str(mock)
+ 'fooble'
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__iter__ = Mock(return_value=iter([]))
+ >>> list(mock)
+ []
+
+One use case for this is for mocking objects used as context managers in a
+`with` statement:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__enter__ = Mock(return_value='foo')
+ >>> mock.__exit__ = Mock(return_value=False)
+ >>> with mock as m:
+ ... assert m == 'foo'
+ ...
+ >>> mock.__enter__.assert_called_with()
+ >>> mock.__exit__.assert_called_with(None, None, None)
+
+Calls to magic methods do not appear in :attr:`~Mock.method_calls`, but they
+are recorded in :attr:`~Mock.mock_calls`.
+
+.. note::
+
+ If you use the `spec` keyword argument to create a mock then attempting to
+ set a magic method that isn't in the spec will raise an `AttributeError`.
+
+The full list of supported magic methods is:
+
+* ``__hash__``, ``__sizeof__``, ``__repr__`` and ``__str__``
+* ``__dir__``, ``__format__`` and ``__subclasses__``
+* ``__floor__``, ``__trunc__`` and ``__ceil__``
+* Comparisons: ``__cmp__``, ``__lt__``, ``__gt__``, ``__le__``, ``__ge__``,
+ ``__eq__`` and ``__ne__``
+* Container methods: ``__getitem__``, ``__setitem__``, ``__delitem__``,
+ ``__contains__``, ``__len__``, ``__iter__``, ``__getslice__``,
+ ``__setslice__``, ``__reversed__`` and ``__missing__``
+* Context manager: ``__enter__`` and ``__exit__``
+* Unary numeric methods: ``__neg__``, ``__pos__`` and ``__invert__``
+* The numeric methods (including right hand and in-place variants):
+ ``__add__``, ``__sub__``, ``__mul__``, ``__div__``,
+ ``__floordiv__``, ``__mod__``, ``__divmod__``, ``__lshift__``,
+ ``__rshift__``, ``__and__``, ``__xor__``, ``__or__``, and ``__pow__``
+* Numeric conversion methods: ``__complex__``, ``__int__``, ``__float__``,
+ ``__index__`` and ``__coerce__``
+* Descriptor methods: ``__get__``, ``__set__`` and ``__delete__``
+* Pickling: ``__reduce__``, ``__reduce_ex__``, ``__getinitargs__``,
+ ``__getnewargs__``, ``__getstate__`` and ``__setstate__``
+
+
+The following methods are supported in Python 2 but don't exist in Python 3:
+
+* ``__unicode__``, ``__long__``, ``__oct__``, ``__hex__`` and ``__nonzero__``
+* ``__truediv__`` and ``__rtruediv__``
+
+The following methods are supported in Python 3 but don't exist in Python 2:
+
+* ``__bool__`` and ``__next__``
+
+The following methods exist but are *not* supported as they are either in use by
+mock, can't be set dynamically, or can cause problems:
+
+* ``__getattr__``, ``__setattr__``, ``__init__`` and ``__new__``
+* ``__prepare__``, ``__instancecheck__``, ``__subclasscheck__``, ``__del__``
+
+
+
+Magic Mock
+==========
+
+There are two `MagicMock` variants: `MagicMock` and `NonCallableMagicMock`.
+
+
+.. class:: MagicMock(*args, **kw)
+
+ ``MagicMock`` is a subclass of :class:`Mock` with default implementations
+ of most of the magic methods. You can use ``MagicMock`` without having to
+ configure the magic methods yourself.
+
+ The constructor parameters have the same meaning as for :class:`Mock`.
+
+ If you use the `spec` or `spec_set` arguments then *only* magic methods
+ that exist in the spec will be created.
+
+
+.. class:: NonCallableMagicMock(*args, **kw)
+
+ A non-callable version of `MagicMock`.
+
+ The constructor parameters have the same meaning as for
+ :class:`MagicMock`, with the exception of `return_value` and
+ `side_effect` which have no meaning on a non-callable mock.
+
+The magic methods are setup with `MagicMock` objects, so you can configure them
+and use them in the usual way:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> mock[3] = 'fish'
+ >>> mock.__setitem__.assert_called_with(3, 'fish')
+ >>> mock.__getitem__.return_value = 'result'
+ >>> mock[2]
+ 'result'
+
+By default many of the protocol methods are required to return objects of a
+specific type. These methods are preconfigured with a default return value, so
+that they can be used without you having to do anything if you aren't interested
+in the return value. You can still *set* the return value manually if you want
+to change the default.
+
+Methods and their defaults:
+
+* ``__lt__``: NotImplemented
+* ``__gt__``: NotImplemented
+* ``__le__``: NotImplemented
+* ``__ge__``: NotImplemented
+* ``__int__`` : 1
+* ``__contains__`` : False
+* ``__len__`` : 1
+* ``__iter__`` : iter([])
+* ``__exit__`` : False
+* ``__complex__`` : 1j
+* ``__float__`` : 1.0
+* ``__bool__`` : True
+* ``__nonzero__`` : True
+* ``__oct__`` : '1'
+* ``__hex__`` : '0x1'
+* ``__long__`` : long(1)
+* ``__index__`` : 1
+* ``__hash__`` : default hash for the mock
+* ``__str__`` : default str for the mock
+* ``__unicode__`` : default unicode for the mock
+* ``__sizeof__``: default sizeof for the mock
+
+For example:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> int(mock)
+ 1
+ >>> len(mock)
+ 0
+ >>> hex(mock)
+ '0x1'
+ >>> list(mock)
+ []
+ >>> object() in mock
+ False
+
+The two equality method, `__eq__` and `__ne__`, are special (changed in
+0.7.2). They do the default equality comparison on identity, using a side
+effect, unless you change their return value to return something else:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> MagicMock() == 3
+ False
+ >>> MagicMock() != 3
+ True
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> mock.__eq__.return_value = True
+ >>> mock == 3
+ True
+
+In `0.8` the `__iter__` also gained special handling implemented with a
+side effect. The return value of `MagicMock.__iter__` can be any iterable
+object and isn't required to be an iterator:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> mock.__iter__.return_value = ['a', 'b', 'c']
+ >>> list(mock)
+ ['a', 'b', 'c']
+ >>> list(mock)
+ ['a', 'b', 'c']
+
+If the return value *is* an iterator, then iterating over it once will consume
+it and subsequent iterations will result in an empty list:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock.__iter__.return_value = iter(['a', 'b', 'c'])
+ >>> list(mock)
+ ['a', 'b', 'c']
+ >>> list(mock)
+ []
+
+``MagicMock`` has all of the supported magic methods configured except for some
+of the obscure and obsolete ones. You can still set these up if you want.
+
+Magic methods that are supported but not setup by default in ``MagicMock`` are:
+
+* ``__cmp__``
+* ``__getslice__`` and ``__setslice__``
+* ``__coerce__``
+* ``__subclasses__``
+* ``__dir__``
+* ``__format__``
+* ``__get__``, ``__set__`` and ``__delete__``
+* ``__reversed__`` and ``__missing__``
+* ``__reduce__``, ``__reduce_ex__``, ``__getinitargs__``, ``__getnewargs__``,
+ ``__getstate__`` and ``__setstate__``
+* ``__getformat__`` and ``__setformat__``
+
+
+
+------------
+
+.. [#] Magic methods *should* be looked up on the class rather than the
+ instance. Different versions of Python are inconsistent about applying this
+ rule. The supported protocol methods should work with all supported versions
+ of Python.
+.. [#] The function is basically hooked up to the class, but each ``Mock``
+ instance is kept isolated from the others.
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/mock.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/mock.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..58712b21a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/mock.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,842 @@
+The Mock Class
+==============
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+.. testsetup::
+
+ class SomeClass:
+ pass
+
+
+`Mock` is a flexible mock object intended to replace the use of stubs and
+test doubles throughout your code. Mocks are callable and create attributes as
+new mocks when you access them [#]_. Accessing the same attribute will always
+return the same mock. Mocks record how you use them, allowing you to make
+assertions about what your code has done to them.
+
+:class:`MagicMock` is a subclass of `Mock` with all the magic methods
+pre-created and ready to use. There are also non-callable variants, useful
+when you are mocking out objects that aren't callable:
+:class:`NonCallableMock` and :class:`NonCallableMagicMock`
+
+The :func:`patch` decorators makes it easy to temporarily replace classes
+in a particular module with a `Mock` object. By default `patch` will create
+a `MagicMock` for you. You can specify an alternative class of `Mock` using
+the `new_callable` argument to `patch`.
+
+
+.. index:: side_effect
+.. index:: return_value
+.. index:: wraps
+.. index:: name
+.. index:: spec
+
+.. class:: Mock(spec=None, side_effect=None, return_value=DEFAULT, wraps=None, name=None, spec_set=None, **kwargs)
+
+ Create a new `Mock` object. `Mock` takes several optional arguments
+ that specify the behaviour of the Mock object:
+
+ * `spec`: This can be either a list of strings or an existing object (a
+ class or instance) that acts as the specification for the mock object. If
+ you pass in an object then a list of strings is formed by calling dir on
+ the object (excluding unsupported magic attributes and methods).
+ Accessing any attribute not in this list will raise an `AttributeError`.
+
+ If `spec` is an object (rather than a list of strings) then
+ :attr:`__class__` returns the class of the spec object. This allows mocks
+ to pass `isinstance` tests.
+
+ * `spec_set`: A stricter variant of `spec`. If used, attempting to *set*
+ or get an attribute on the mock that isn't on the object passed as
+ `spec_set` will raise an `AttributeError`.
+
+ * `side_effect`: A function to be called whenever the Mock is called. See
+ the :attr:`~Mock.side_effect` attribute. Useful for raising exceptions or
+ dynamically changing return values. The function is called with the same
+ arguments as the mock, and unless it returns :data:`DEFAULT`, the return
+ value of this function is used as the return value.
+
+ Alternatively `side_effect` can be an exception class or instance. In
+ this case the exception will be raised when the mock is called.
+
+ If `side_effect` is an iterable then each call to the mock will return
+ the next value from the iterable. If any of the members of the iterable
+ are exceptions they will be raised instead of returned.
+
+ A `side_effect` can be cleared by setting it to `None`.
+
+ * `return_value`: The value returned when the mock is called. By default
+ this is a new Mock (created on first access). See the
+ :attr:`return_value` attribute.
+
+ * `wraps`: Item for the mock object to wrap. If `wraps` is not None then
+ calling the Mock will pass the call through to the wrapped object
+ (returning the real result and ignoring `return_value`). Attribute access
+ on the mock will return a Mock object that wraps the corresponding
+ attribute of the wrapped object (so attempting to access an attribute
+ that doesn't exist will raise an `AttributeError`).
+
+ If the mock has an explicit `return_value` set then calls are not passed
+ to the wrapped object and the `return_value` is returned instead.
+
+ * `name`: If the mock has a name then it will be used in the repr of the
+ mock. This can be useful for debugging. The name is propagated to child
+ mocks.
+
+ Mocks can also be called with arbitrary keyword arguments. These will be
+ used to set attributes on the mock after it is created. See the
+ :meth:`configure_mock` method for details.
+
+
+ .. method:: assert_called_with(*args, **kwargs)
+
+ This method is a convenient way of asserting that calls are made in a
+ particular way:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.method(1, 2, 3, test='wow')
+ <Mock name='mock.method()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.method.assert_called_with(1, 2, 3, test='wow')
+
+
+ .. method:: assert_called_once_with(*args, **kwargs)
+
+ Assert that the mock was called exactly once and with the specified
+ arguments.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock('foo', bar='baz')
+ >>> mock.assert_called_once_with('foo', bar='baz')
+ >>> mock('foo', bar='baz')
+ >>> mock.assert_called_once_with('foo', bar='baz')
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: Expected to be called once. Called 2 times.
+
+
+ .. method:: assert_any_call(*args, **kwargs)
+
+ assert the mock has been called with the specified arguments.
+
+ The assert passes if the mock has *ever* been called, unlike
+ :meth:`assert_called_with` and :meth:`assert_called_once_with` that
+ only pass if the call is the most recent one.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock(1, 2, arg='thing')
+ >>> mock('some', 'thing', 'else')
+ >>> mock.assert_any_call(1, 2, arg='thing')
+
+
+ .. method:: assert_has_calls(calls, any_order=False)
+
+ assert the mock has been called with the specified calls.
+ The `mock_calls` list is checked for the calls.
+
+ If `any_order` is False (the default) then the calls must be
+ sequential. There can be extra calls before or after the
+ specified calls.
+
+ If `any_order` is True then the calls can be in any order, but
+ they must all appear in :attr:`mock_calls`.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock(1)
+ >>> mock(2)
+ >>> mock(3)
+ >>> mock(4)
+ >>> calls = [call(2), call(3)]
+ >>> mock.assert_has_calls(calls)
+ >>> calls = [call(4), call(2), call(3)]
+ >>> mock.assert_has_calls(calls, any_order=True)
+
+
+ .. method:: reset_mock()
+
+ The reset_mock method resets all the call attributes on a mock object:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock('hello')
+ >>> mock.called
+ True
+ >>> mock.reset_mock()
+ >>> mock.called
+ False
+
+ This can be useful where you want to make a series of assertions that
+ reuse the same object. Note that `reset_mock` *doesn't* clear the
+ return value, :attr:`side_effect` or any child attributes you have
+ set using normal assignment. Child mocks and the return value mock
+ (if any) are reset as well.
+
+
+ .. method:: mock_add_spec(spec, spec_set=False)
+
+ Add a spec to a mock. `spec` can either be an object or a
+ list of strings. Only attributes on the `spec` can be fetched as
+ attributes from the mock.
+
+ If `spec_set` is `True` then only attributes on the spec can be set.
+
+
+ .. method:: attach_mock(mock, attribute)
+
+ Attach a mock as an attribute of this one, replacing its name and
+ parent. Calls to the attached mock will be recorded in the
+ :attr:`method_calls` and :attr:`mock_calls` attributes of this one.
+
+
+ .. method:: configure_mock(**kwargs)
+
+ Set attributes on the mock through keyword arguments.
+
+ Attributes plus return values and side effects can be set on child
+ mocks using standard dot notation and unpacking a dictionary in the
+ method call:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> attrs = {'method.return_value': 3, 'other.side_effect': KeyError}
+ >>> mock.configure_mock(**attrs)
+ >>> mock.method()
+ 3
+ >>> mock.other()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError
+
+ The same thing can be achieved in the constructor call to mocks:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> attrs = {'method.return_value': 3, 'other.side_effect': KeyError}
+ >>> mock = Mock(some_attribute='eggs', **attrs)
+ >>> mock.some_attribute
+ 'eggs'
+ >>> mock.method()
+ 3
+ >>> mock.other()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError
+
+ `configure_mock` exists to make it easier to do configuration
+ after the mock has been created.
+
+
+ .. method:: __dir__()
+
+ `Mock` objects limit the results of `dir(some_mock)` to useful results.
+ For mocks with a `spec` this includes all the permitted attributes
+ for the mock.
+
+ See :data:`FILTER_DIR` for what this filtering does, and how to
+ switch it off.
+
+
+ .. method:: _get_child_mock(**kw)
+
+ Create the child mocks for attributes and return value.
+ By default child mocks will be the same type as the parent.
+ Subclasses of Mock may want to override this to customize the way
+ child mocks are made.
+
+ For non-callable mocks the callable variant will be used (rather than
+ any custom subclass).
+
+
+ .. attribute:: called
+
+ A boolean representing whether or not the mock object has been called:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock.called
+ False
+ >>> mock()
+ >>> mock.called
+ True
+
+ .. attribute:: call_count
+
+ An integer telling you how many times the mock object has been called:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock.call_count
+ 0
+ >>> mock()
+ >>> mock()
+ >>> mock.call_count
+ 2
+
+
+ .. attribute:: return_value
+
+ Set this to configure the value returned by calling the mock:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.return_value = 'fish'
+ >>> mock()
+ 'fish'
+
+ The default return value is a mock object and you can configure it in
+ the normal way:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.return_value.attribute = sentinel.Attribute
+ >>> mock.return_value()
+ <Mock name='mock()()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.return_value.assert_called_with()
+
+ `return_value` can also be set in the constructor:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=3)
+ >>> mock.return_value
+ 3
+ >>> mock()
+ 3
+
+
+ .. attribute:: side_effect
+
+ This can either be a function to be called when the mock is called,
+ or an exception (class or instance) to be raised.
+
+ If you pass in a function it will be called with same arguments as the
+ mock and unless the function returns the :data:`DEFAULT` singleton the
+ call to the mock will then return whatever the function returns. If the
+ function returns :data:`DEFAULT` then the mock will return its normal
+ value (from the :attr:`return_value`.
+
+ An example of a mock that raises an exception (to test exception
+ handling of an API):
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.side_effect = Exception('Boom!')
+ >>> mock()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ Exception: Boom!
+
+ Using `side_effect` to return a sequence of values:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.side_effect = [3, 2, 1]
+ >>> mock(), mock(), mock()
+ (3, 2, 1)
+
+ The `side_effect` function is called with the same arguments as the
+ mock (so it is wise for it to take arbitrary args and keyword
+ arguments) and whatever it returns is used as the return value for
+ the call. The exception is if `side_effect` returns :data:`DEFAULT`,
+ in which case the normal :attr:`return_value` is used.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=3)
+ >>> def side_effect(*args, **kwargs):
+ ... return DEFAULT
+ ...
+ >>> mock.side_effect = side_effect
+ >>> mock()
+ 3
+
+ `side_effect` can be set in the constructor. Here's an example that
+ adds one to the value the mock is called with and returns it:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> side_effect = lambda value: value + 1
+ >>> mock = Mock(side_effect=side_effect)
+ >>> mock(3)
+ 4
+ >>> mock(-8)
+ -7
+
+ Setting `side_effect` to `None` clears it:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> from mock import Mock
+ >>> m = Mock(side_effect=KeyError, return_value=3)
+ >>> m()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError
+ >>> m.side_effect = None
+ >>> m()
+ 3
+
+
+ .. attribute:: call_args
+
+ This is either `None` (if the mock hasn't been called), or the
+ arguments that the mock was last called with. This will be in the
+ form of a tuple: the first member is any ordered arguments the mock
+ was called with (or an empty tuple) and the second member is any
+ keyword arguments (or an empty dictionary).
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> print mock.call_args
+ None
+ >>> mock()
+ >>> mock.call_args
+ call()
+ >>> mock.call_args == ()
+ True
+ >>> mock(3, 4)
+ >>> mock.call_args
+ call(3, 4)
+ >>> mock.call_args == ((3, 4),)
+ True
+ >>> mock(3, 4, 5, key='fish', next='w00t!')
+ >>> mock.call_args
+ call(3, 4, 5, key='fish', next='w00t!')
+
+ `call_args`, along with members of the lists :attr:`call_args_list`,
+ :attr:`method_calls` and :attr:`mock_calls` are :data:`call` objects.
+ These are tuples, so they can be unpacked to get at the individual
+ arguments and make more complex assertions. See
+ :ref:`calls as tuples <calls-as-tuples>`.
+
+
+ .. attribute:: call_args_list
+
+ This is a list of all the calls made to the mock object in sequence
+ (so the length of the list is the number of times it has been
+ called). Before any calls have been made it is an empty list. The
+ :data:`call` object can be used for conveniently constructing lists of
+ calls to compare with `call_args_list`.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock()
+ >>> mock(3, 4)
+ >>> mock(key='fish', next='w00t!')
+ >>> mock.call_args_list
+ [call(), call(3, 4), call(key='fish', next='w00t!')]
+ >>> expected = [(), ((3, 4),), ({'key': 'fish', 'next': 'w00t!'},)]
+ >>> mock.call_args_list == expected
+ True
+
+ Members of `call_args_list` are :data:`call` objects. These can be
+ unpacked as tuples to get at the individual arguments. See
+ :ref:`calls as tuples <calls-as-tuples>`.
+
+
+ .. attribute:: method_calls
+
+ As well as tracking calls to themselves, mocks also track calls to
+ methods and attributes, and *their* methods and attributes:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.method()
+ <Mock name='mock.method()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.property.method.attribute()
+ <Mock name='mock.property.method.attribute()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.method_calls
+ [call.method(), call.property.method.attribute()]
+
+ Members of `method_calls` are :data:`call` objects. These can be
+ unpacked as tuples to get at the individual arguments. See
+ :ref:`calls as tuples <calls-as-tuples>`.
+
+
+ .. attribute:: mock_calls
+
+ `mock_calls` records *all* calls to the mock object, its methods, magic
+ methods *and* return value mocks.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> result = mock(1, 2, 3)
+ >>> mock.first(a=3)
+ <MagicMock name='mock.first()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.second()
+ <MagicMock name='mock.second()' id='...'>
+ >>> int(mock)
+ 1
+ >>> result(1)
+ <MagicMock name='mock()()' id='...'>
+ >>> expected = [call(1, 2, 3), call.first(a=3), call.second(),
+ ... call.__int__(), call()(1)]
+ >>> mock.mock_calls == expected
+ True
+
+ Members of `mock_calls` are :data:`call` objects. These can be
+ unpacked as tuples to get at the individual arguments. See
+ :ref:`calls as tuples <calls-as-tuples>`.
+
+
+ .. attribute:: __class__
+
+ Normally the `__class__` attribute of an object will return its type.
+ For a mock object with a `spec` `__class__` returns the spec class
+ instead. This allows mock objects to pass `isinstance` tests for the
+ object they are replacing / masquerading as:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(spec=3)
+ >>> isinstance(mock, int)
+ True
+
+ `__class__` is assignable to, this allows a mock to pass an
+ `isinstance` check without forcing you to use a spec:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__class__ = dict
+ >>> isinstance(mock, dict)
+ True
+
+.. class:: NonCallableMock(spec=None, wraps=None, name=None, spec_set=None, **kwargs)
+
+ A non-callable version of `Mock`. The constructor parameters have the same
+ meaning of `Mock`, with the exception of `return_value` and `side_effect`
+ which have no meaning on a non-callable mock.
+
+Mock objects that use a class or an instance as a `spec` or `spec_set` are able
+to pass `isintance` tests:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(spec=SomeClass)
+ >>> isinstance(mock, SomeClass)
+ True
+ >>> mock = Mock(spec_set=SomeClass())
+ >>> isinstance(mock, SomeClass)
+ True
+
+The `Mock` classes have support for mocking magic methods. See :ref:`magic
+methods <magic-methods>` for the full details.
+
+The mock classes and the :func:`patch` decorators all take arbitrary keyword
+arguments for configuration. For the `patch` decorators the keywords are
+passed to the constructor of the mock being created. The keyword arguments
+are for configuring attributes of the mock:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock(attribute=3, other='fish')
+ >>> m.attribute
+ 3
+ >>> m.other
+ 'fish'
+
+The return value and side effect of child mocks can be set in the same way,
+using dotted notation. As you can't use dotted names directly in a call you
+have to create a dictionary and unpack it using `**`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> attrs = {'method.return_value': 3, 'other.side_effect': KeyError}
+ >>> mock = Mock(some_attribute='eggs', **attrs)
+ >>> mock.some_attribute
+ 'eggs'
+ >>> mock.method()
+ 3
+ >>> mock.other()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError
+
+
+.. class:: PropertyMock(*args, **kwargs)
+
+ A mock intended to be used as a property, or other descriptor, on a class.
+ `PropertyMock` provides `__get__` and `__set__` methods so you can specify
+ a return value when it is fetched.
+
+ Fetching a `PropertyMock` instance from an object calls the mock, with
+ no args. Setting it calls the mock with the value being set.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Foo(object):
+ ... @property
+ ... def foo(self):
+ ... return 'something'
+ ... @foo.setter
+ ... def foo(self, value):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> with patch('__main__.Foo.foo', new_callable=PropertyMock) as mock_foo:
+ ... mock_foo.return_value = 'mockity-mock'
+ ... this_foo = Foo()
+ ... print this_foo.foo
+ ... this_foo.foo = 6
+ ...
+ mockity-mock
+ >>> mock_foo.mock_calls
+ [call(), call(6)]
+
+Because of the way mock attributes are stored you can't directly attach a
+`PropertyMock` to a mock object. Instead you can attach it to the mock type
+object:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock()
+ >>> p = PropertyMock(return_value=3)
+ >>> type(m).foo = p
+ >>> m.foo
+ 3
+ >>> p.assert_called_once_with()
+
+
+.. index:: __call__
+.. index:: calling
+
+Calling
+=======
+
+Mock objects are callable. The call will return the value set as the
+:attr:`~Mock.return_value` attribute. The default return value is a new Mock
+object; it is created the first time the return value is accessed (either
+explicitly or by calling the Mock) - but it is stored and the same one
+returned each time.
+
+Calls made to the object will be recorded in the attributes
+like :attr:`~Mock.call_args` and :attr:`~Mock.call_args_list`.
+
+If :attr:`~Mock.side_effect` is set then it will be called after the call has
+been recorded, so if `side_effect` raises an exception the call is still
+recorded.
+
+The simplest way to make a mock raise an exception when called is to make
+:attr:`~Mock.side_effect` an exception class or instance:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock(side_effect=IndexError)
+ >>> m(1, 2, 3)
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ IndexError
+ >>> m.mock_calls
+ [call(1, 2, 3)]
+ >>> m.side_effect = KeyError('Bang!')
+ >>> m('two', 'three', 'four')
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError: 'Bang!'
+ >>> m.mock_calls
+ [call(1, 2, 3), call('two', 'three', 'four')]
+
+If `side_effect` is a function then whatever that function returns is what
+calls to the mock return. The `side_effect` function is called with the
+same arguments as the mock. This allows you to vary the return value of the
+call dynamically, based on the input:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> def side_effect(value):
+ ... return value + 1
+ ...
+ >>> m = MagicMock(side_effect=side_effect)
+ >>> m(1)
+ 2
+ >>> m(2)
+ 3
+ >>> m.mock_calls
+ [call(1), call(2)]
+
+If you want the mock to still return the default return value (a new mock), or
+any set return value, then there are two ways of doing this. Either return
+`mock.return_value` from inside `side_effect`, or return :data:`DEFAULT`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock()
+ >>> def side_effect(*args, **kwargs):
+ ... return m.return_value
+ ...
+ >>> m.side_effect = side_effect
+ >>> m.return_value = 3
+ >>> m()
+ 3
+ >>> def side_effect(*args, **kwargs):
+ ... return DEFAULT
+ ...
+ >>> m.side_effect = side_effect
+ >>> m()
+ 3
+
+To remove a `side_effect`, and return to the default behaviour, set the
+`side_effect` to `None`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock(return_value=6)
+ >>> def side_effect(*args, **kwargs):
+ ... return 3
+ ...
+ >>> m.side_effect = side_effect
+ >>> m()
+ 3
+ >>> m.side_effect = None
+ >>> m()
+ 6
+
+The `side_effect` can also be any iterable object. Repeated calls to the mock
+will return values from the iterable (until the iterable is exhausted and
+a `StopIteration` is raised):
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock(side_effect=[1, 2, 3])
+ >>> m()
+ 1
+ >>> m()
+ 2
+ >>> m()
+ 3
+ >>> m()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ StopIteration
+
+If any members of the iterable are exceptions they will be raised instead of
+returned:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> iterable = (33, ValueError, 66)
+ >>> m = MagicMock(side_effect=iterable)
+ >>> m()
+ 33
+ >>> m()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ ValueError
+ >>> m()
+ 66
+
+
+.. _deleting-attributes:
+
+Deleting Attributes
+===================
+
+Mock objects create attributes on demand. This allows them to pretend to be
+objects of any type.
+
+You may want a mock object to return `False` to a `hasattr` call, or raise an
+`AttributeError` when an attribute is fetched. You can do this by providing
+an object as a `spec` for a mock, but that isn't always convenient.
+
+You "block" attributes by deleting them. Once deleted, accessing an attribute
+will raise an `AttributeError`.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> hasattr(mock, 'm')
+ True
+ >>> del mock.m
+ >>> hasattr(mock, 'm')
+ False
+ >>> del mock.f
+ >>> mock.f
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AttributeError: f
+
+
+Attaching Mocks as Attributes
+=============================
+
+When you attach a mock as an attribute of another mock (or as the return
+value) it becomes a "child" of that mock. Calls to the child are recorded in
+the :attr:`~Mock.method_calls` and :attr:`~Mock.mock_calls` attributes of the
+parent. This is useful for configuring child mocks and then attaching them to
+the parent, or for attaching mocks to a parent that records all calls to the
+children and allows you to make assertions about the order of calls between
+mocks:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> parent = MagicMock()
+ >>> child1 = MagicMock(return_value=None)
+ >>> child2 = MagicMock(return_value=None)
+ >>> parent.child1 = child1
+ >>> parent.child2 = child2
+ >>> child1(1)
+ >>> child2(2)
+ >>> parent.mock_calls
+ [call.child1(1), call.child2(2)]
+
+The exception to this is if the mock has a name. This allows you to prevent
+the "parenting" if for some reason you don't want it to happen.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> not_a_child = MagicMock(name='not-a-child')
+ >>> mock.attribute = not_a_child
+ >>> mock.attribute()
+ <MagicMock name='not-a-child()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.mock_calls
+ []
+
+Mocks created for you by :func:`patch` are automatically given names. To
+attach mocks that have names to a parent you use the :meth:`~Mock.attach_mock`
+method:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> thing1 = object()
+ >>> thing2 = object()
+ >>> parent = MagicMock()
+ >>> with patch('__main__.thing1', return_value=None) as child1:
+ ... with patch('__main__.thing2', return_value=None) as child2:
+ ... parent.attach_mock(child1, 'child1')
+ ... parent.attach_mock(child2, 'child2')
+ ... child1('one')
+ ... child2('two')
+ ...
+ >>> parent.mock_calls
+ [call.child1('one'), call.child2('two')]
+
+
+-----
+
+.. [#] The only exceptions are magic methods and attributes (those that have
+ leading and trailing double underscores). Mock doesn't create these but
+ instead of raises an ``AttributeError``. This is because the interpreter
+ will often implicitly request these methods, and gets *very* confused to
+ get a new Mock object when it expects a magic method. If you need magic
+ method support see :ref:`magic methods <magic-methods>`.
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/patch.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/patch.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3d56264fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/patch.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,636 @@
+==================
+ Patch Decorators
+==================
+
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+.. testsetup::
+
+ class SomeClass(object):
+ static_method = None
+ class_method = None
+ attribute = None
+
+ sys.modules['package'] = package = Mock(name='package')
+ sys.modules['package.module'] = package.module
+
+ class TestCase(unittest2.TestCase):
+ def run(self):
+ result = unittest2.TestResult()
+ super(unittest2.TestCase, self).run(result)
+ assert result.wasSuccessful()
+
+.. testcleanup::
+
+ patch.TEST_PREFIX = 'test'
+
+
+The patch decorators are used for patching objects only within the scope of
+the function they decorate. They automatically handle the unpatching for you,
+even if exceptions are raised. All of these functions can also be used in with
+statements or as class decorators.
+
+
+patch
+=====
+
+.. note::
+
+ `patch` is straightforward to use. The key is to do the patching in the
+ right namespace. See the section `where to patch`_.
+
+.. function:: patch(target, new=DEFAULT, spec=None, create=False, spec_set=None, autospec=None, new_callable=None, **kwargs)
+
+ `patch` acts as a function decorator, class decorator or a context
+ manager. Inside the body of the function or with statement, the `target`
+ is patched with a `new` object. When the function/with statement exits
+ the patch is undone.
+
+ If `new` is omitted, then the target is replaced with a
+ :class:`MagicMock`. If `patch` is used as a decorator and `new` is
+ omitted, the created mock is passed in as an extra argument to the
+ decorated function. If `patch` is used as a context manager the created
+ mock is returned by the context manager.
+
+ `target` should be a string in the form `'package.module.ClassName'`. The
+ `target` is imported and the specified object replaced with the `new`
+ object, so the `target` must be importable from the environment you are
+ calling `patch` from. The target is imported when the decorated function
+ is executed, not at decoration time.
+
+ The `spec` and `spec_set` keyword arguments are passed to the `MagicMock`
+ if patch is creating one for you.
+
+ In addition you can pass `spec=True` or `spec_set=True`, which causes
+ patch to pass in the object being mocked as the spec/spec_set object.
+
+ `new_callable` allows you to specify a different class, or callable object,
+ that will be called to create the `new` object. By default `MagicMock` is
+ used.
+
+ A more powerful form of `spec` is `autospec`. If you set `autospec=True`
+ then the mock with be created with a spec from the object being replaced.
+ All attributes of the mock will also have the spec of the corresponding
+ attribute of the object being replaced. Methods and functions being mocked
+ will have their arguments checked and will raise a `TypeError` if they are
+ called with the wrong signature. For mocks
+ replacing a class, their return value (the 'instance') will have the same
+ spec as the class. See the :func:`create_autospec` function and
+ :ref:`auto-speccing`.
+
+ Instead of `autospec=True` you can pass `autospec=some_object` to use an
+ arbitrary object as the spec instead of the one being replaced.
+
+ By default `patch` will fail to replace attributes that don't exist. If
+ you pass in `create=True`, and the attribute doesn't exist, patch will
+ create the attribute for you when the patched function is called, and
+ delete it again afterwards. This is useful for writing tests against
+ attributes that your production code creates at runtime. It is off by by
+ default because it can be dangerous. With it switched on you can write
+ passing tests against APIs that don't actually exist!
+
+ Patch can be used as a `TestCase` class decorator. It works by
+ decorating each test method in the class. This reduces the boilerplate
+ code when your test methods share a common patchings set. `patch` finds
+ tests by looking for method names that start with `patch.TEST_PREFIX`.
+ By default this is `test`, which matches the way `unittest` finds tests.
+ You can specify an alternative prefix by setting `patch.TEST_PREFIX`.
+
+ Patch can be used as a context manager, with the with statement. Here the
+ patching applies to the indented block after the with statement. If you
+ use "as" then the patched object will be bound to the name after the
+ "as"; very useful if `patch` is creating a mock object for you.
+
+ `patch` takes arbitrary keyword arguments. These will be passed to
+ the `Mock` (or `new_callable`) on construction.
+
+ `patch.dict(...)`, `patch.multiple(...)` and `patch.object(...)` are
+ available for alternate use-cases.
+
+`patch` as function decorator, creating the mock for you and passing it into
+the decorated function:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> @patch('__main__.SomeClass')
+ ... def function(normal_argument, mock_class):
+ ... print mock_class is SomeClass
+ ...
+ >>> function(None)
+ True
+
+
+Patching a class replaces the class with a `MagicMock` *instance*. If the
+class is instantiated in the code under test then it will be the
+:attr:`~Mock.return_value` of the mock that will be used.
+
+If the class is instantiated multiple times you could use
+:attr:`~Mock.side_effect` to return a new mock each time. Alternatively you
+can set the `return_value` to be anything you want.
+
+To configure return values on methods of *instances* on the patched class
+you must do this on the `return_value`. For example:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Class(object):
+ ... def method(self):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> with patch('__main__.Class') as MockClass:
+ ... instance = MockClass.return_value
+ ... instance.method.return_value = 'foo'
+ ... assert Class() is instance
+ ... assert Class().method() == 'foo'
+ ...
+
+If you use `spec` or `spec_set` and `patch` is replacing a *class*, then the
+return value of the created mock will have the same spec.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> Original = Class
+ >>> patcher = patch('__main__.Class', spec=True)
+ >>> MockClass = patcher.start()
+ >>> instance = MockClass()
+ >>> assert isinstance(instance, Original)
+ >>> patcher.stop()
+
+The `new_callable` argument is useful where you want to use an alternative
+class to the default :class:`MagicMock` for the created mock. For example, if
+you wanted a :class:`NonCallableMock` to be used:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> thing = object()
+ >>> with patch('__main__.thing', new_callable=NonCallableMock) as mock_thing:
+ ... assert thing is mock_thing
+ ... thing()
+ ...
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ TypeError: 'NonCallableMock' object is not callable
+
+Another use case might be to replace an object with a `StringIO` instance:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from StringIO import StringIO
+ >>> def foo():
+ ... print 'Something'
+ ...
+ >>> @patch('sys.stdout', new_callable=StringIO)
+ ... def test(mock_stdout):
+ ... foo()
+ ... assert mock_stdout.getvalue() == 'Something\n'
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+
+When `patch` is creating a mock for you, it is common that the first thing
+you need to do is to configure the mock. Some of that configuration can be done
+in the call to patch. Any arbitrary keywords you pass into the call will be
+used to set attributes on the created mock:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> patcher = patch('__main__.thing', first='one', second='two')
+ >>> mock_thing = patcher.start()
+ >>> mock_thing.first
+ 'one'
+ >>> mock_thing.second
+ 'two'
+
+As well as attributes on the created mock attributes, like the
+:attr:`~Mock.return_value` and :attr:`~Mock.side_effect`, of child mocks can
+also be configured. These aren't syntactically valid to pass in directly as
+keyword arguments, but a dictionary with these as keys can still be expanded
+into a `patch` call using `**`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> config = {'method.return_value': 3, 'other.side_effect': KeyError}
+ >>> patcher = patch('__main__.thing', **config)
+ >>> mock_thing = patcher.start()
+ >>> mock_thing.method()
+ 3
+ >>> mock_thing.other()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError
+
+
+patch.object
+============
+
+.. function:: patch.object(target, attribute, new=DEFAULT, spec=None, create=False, spec_set=None, autospec=None, new_callable=None, **kwargs)
+
+ patch the named member (`attribute`) on an object (`target`) with a mock
+ object.
+
+ `patch.object` can be used as a decorator, class decorator or a context
+ manager. Arguments `new`, `spec`, `create`, `spec_set`, `autospec` and
+ `new_callable` have the same meaning as for `patch`. Like `patch`,
+ `patch.object` takes arbitrary keyword arguments for configuring the mock
+ object it creates.
+
+ When used as a class decorator `patch.object` honours `patch.TEST_PREFIX`
+ for choosing which methods to wrap.
+
+You can either call `patch.object` with three arguments or two arguments. The
+three argument form takes the object to be patched, the attribute name and the
+object to replace the attribute with.
+
+When calling with the two argument form you omit the replacement object, and a
+mock is created for you and passed in as an extra argument to the decorated
+function:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> @patch.object(SomeClass, 'class_method')
+ ... def test(mock_method):
+ ... SomeClass.class_method(3)
+ ... mock_method.assert_called_with(3)
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+
+`spec`, `create` and the other arguments to `patch.object` have the same
+meaning as they do for `patch`.
+
+
+patch.dict
+==========
+
+.. function:: patch.dict(in_dict, values=(), clear=False, **kwargs)
+
+ Patch a dictionary, or dictionary like object, and restore the dictionary
+ to its original state after the test.
+
+ `in_dict` can be a dictionary or a mapping like container. If it is a
+ mapping then it must at least support getting, setting and deleting items
+ plus iterating over keys.
+
+ `in_dict` can also be a string specifying the name of the dictionary, which
+ will then be fetched by importing it.
+
+ `values` can be a dictionary of values to set in the dictionary. `values`
+ can also be an iterable of `(key, value)` pairs.
+
+ If `clear` is True then the dictionary will be cleared before the new
+ values are set.
+
+ `patch.dict` can also be called with arbitrary keyword arguments to set
+ values in the dictionary.
+
+ `patch.dict` can be used as a context manager, decorator or class
+ decorator. When used as a class decorator `patch.dict` honours
+ `patch.TEST_PREFIX` for choosing which methods to wrap.
+
+`patch.dict` can be used to add members to a dictionary, or simply let a test
+change a dictionary, and ensure the dictionary is restored when the test
+ends.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from mock import patch
+ >>> foo = {}
+ >>> with patch.dict(foo, {'newkey': 'newvalue'}):
+ ... assert foo == {'newkey': 'newvalue'}
+ ...
+ >>> assert foo == {}
+
+ >>> import os
+ >>> with patch.dict('os.environ', {'newkey': 'newvalue'}):
+ ... print os.environ['newkey']
+ ...
+ newvalue
+ >>> assert 'newkey' not in os.environ
+
+Keywords can be used in the `patch.dict` call to set values in the dictionary:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mymodule = MagicMock()
+ >>> mymodule.function.return_value = 'fish'
+ >>> with patch.dict('sys.modules', mymodule=mymodule):
+ ... import mymodule
+ ... mymodule.function('some', 'args')
+ ...
+ 'fish'
+
+`patch.dict` can be used with dictionary like objects that aren't actually
+dictionaries. At the very minimum they must support item getting, setting,
+deleting and either iteration or membership test. This corresponds to the
+magic methods `__getitem__`, `__setitem__`, `__delitem__` and either
+`__iter__` or `__contains__`.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Container(object):
+ ... def __init__(self):
+ ... self.values = {}
+ ... def __getitem__(self, name):
+ ... return self.values[name]
+ ... def __setitem__(self, name, value):
+ ... self.values[name] = value
+ ... def __delitem__(self, name):
+ ... del self.values[name]
+ ... def __iter__(self):
+ ... return iter(self.values)
+ ...
+ >>> thing = Container()
+ >>> thing['one'] = 1
+ >>> with patch.dict(thing, one=2, two=3):
+ ... assert thing['one'] == 2
+ ... assert thing['two'] == 3
+ ...
+ >>> assert thing['one'] == 1
+ >>> assert list(thing) == ['one']
+
+
+patch.multiple
+==============
+
+.. function:: patch.multiple(target, spec=None, create=False, spec_set=None, autospec=None, new_callable=None, **kwargs)
+
+ Perform multiple patches in a single call. It takes the object to be
+ patched (either as an object or a string to fetch the object by importing)
+ and keyword arguments for the patches::
+
+ with patch.multiple(settings, FIRST_PATCH='one', SECOND_PATCH='two'):
+ ...
+
+ Use :data:`DEFAULT` as the value if you want `patch.multiple` to create
+ mocks for you. In this case the created mocks are passed into a decorated
+ function by keyword, and a dictionary is returned when `patch.multiple` is
+ used as a context manager.
+
+ `patch.multiple` can be used as a decorator, class decorator or a context
+ manager. The arguments `spec`, `spec_set`, `create`, `autospec` and
+ `new_callable` have the same meaning as for `patch`. These arguments will
+ be applied to *all* patches done by `patch.multiple`.
+
+ When used as a class decorator `patch.multiple` honours `patch.TEST_PREFIX`
+ for choosing which methods to wrap.
+
+If you want `patch.multiple` to create mocks for you, then you can use
+:data:`DEFAULT` as the value. If you use `patch.multiple` as a decorator
+then the created mocks are passed into the decorated function by keyword.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> thing = object()
+ >>> other = object()
+
+ >>> @patch.multiple('__main__', thing=DEFAULT, other=DEFAULT)
+ ... def test_function(thing, other):
+ ... assert isinstance(thing, MagicMock)
+ ... assert isinstance(other, MagicMock)
+ ...
+ >>> test_function()
+
+`patch.multiple` can be nested with other `patch` decorators, but put arguments
+passed by keyword *after* any of the standard arguments created by `patch`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> @patch('sys.exit')
+ ... @patch.multiple('__main__', thing=DEFAULT, other=DEFAULT)
+ ... def test_function(mock_exit, other, thing):
+ ... assert 'other' in repr(other)
+ ... assert 'thing' in repr(thing)
+ ... assert 'exit' in repr(mock_exit)
+ ...
+ >>> test_function()
+
+If `patch.multiple` is used as a context manager, the value returned by the
+context manger is a dictionary where created mocks are keyed by name:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> with patch.multiple('__main__', thing=DEFAULT, other=DEFAULT) as values:
+ ... assert 'other' in repr(values['other'])
+ ... assert 'thing' in repr(values['thing'])
+ ... assert values['thing'] is thing
+ ... assert values['other'] is other
+ ...
+
+
+.. _start-and-stop:
+
+patch methods: start and stop
+=============================
+
+All the patchers have `start` and `stop` methods. These make it simpler to do
+patching in `setUp` methods or where you want to do multiple patches without
+nesting decorators or with statements.
+
+To use them call `patch`, `patch.object` or `patch.dict` as normal and keep a
+reference to the returned `patcher` object. You can then call `start` to put
+the patch in place and `stop` to undo it.
+
+If you are using `patch` to create a mock for you then it will be returned by
+the call to `patcher.start`.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> patcher = patch('package.module.ClassName')
+ >>> from package import module
+ >>> original = module.ClassName
+ >>> new_mock = patcher.start()
+ >>> assert module.ClassName is not original
+ >>> assert module.ClassName is new_mock
+ >>> patcher.stop()
+ >>> assert module.ClassName is original
+ >>> assert module.ClassName is not new_mock
+
+
+A typical use case for this might be for doing multiple patches in the `setUp`
+method of a `TestCase`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(TestCase):
+ ... def setUp(self):
+ ... self.patcher1 = patch('package.module.Class1')
+ ... self.patcher2 = patch('package.module.Class2')
+ ... self.MockClass1 = self.patcher1.start()
+ ... self.MockClass2 = self.patcher2.start()
+ ...
+ ... def tearDown(self):
+ ... self.patcher1.stop()
+ ... self.patcher2.stop()
+ ...
+ ... def test_something(self):
+ ... assert package.module.Class1 is self.MockClass1
+ ... assert package.module.Class2 is self.MockClass2
+ ...
+ >>> MyTest('test_something').run()
+
+.. caution::
+
+ If you use this technique you must ensure that the patching is "undone" by
+ calling `stop`. This can be fiddlier than you might think, because if an
+ exception is raised in the setUp then tearDown is not called. `unittest2
+ <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2>`_ cleanup functions make this
+ easier.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(TestCase):
+ ... def setUp(self):
+ ... patcher = patch('package.module.Class')
+ ... self.MockClass = patcher.start()
+ ... self.addCleanup(patcher.stop)
+ ...
+ ... def test_something(self):
+ ... assert package.module.Class is self.MockClass
+ ...
+ >>> MyTest('test_something').run()
+
+ As an added bonus you no longer need to keep a reference to the `patcher`
+ object.
+
+It is also possible to stop all patches which have been started by using
+`patch.stopall`.
+
+.. function:: patch.stopall
+
+ Stop all active patches. Only stops patches started with `start`.
+
+
+TEST_PREFIX
+===========
+
+All of the patchers can be used as class decorators. When used in this way
+they wrap every test method on the class. The patchers recognise methods that
+start with `test` as being test methods. This is the same way that the
+`unittest.TestLoader` finds test methods by default.
+
+It is possible that you want to use a different prefix for your tests. You can
+inform the patchers of the different prefix by setting `patch.TEST_PREFIX`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> patch.TEST_PREFIX = 'foo'
+ >>> value = 3
+ >>>
+ >>> @patch('__main__.value', 'not three')
+ ... class Thing(object):
+ ... def foo_one(self):
+ ... print value
+ ... def foo_two(self):
+ ... print value
+ ...
+ >>>
+ >>> Thing().foo_one()
+ not three
+ >>> Thing().foo_two()
+ not three
+ >>> value
+ 3
+
+
+Nesting Patch Decorators
+========================
+
+If you want to perform multiple patches then you can simply stack up the
+decorators.
+
+You can stack up multiple patch decorators using this pattern:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> @patch.object(SomeClass, 'class_method')
+ ... @patch.object(SomeClass, 'static_method')
+ ... def test(mock1, mock2):
+ ... assert SomeClass.static_method is mock1
+ ... assert SomeClass.class_method is mock2
+ ... SomeClass.static_method('foo')
+ ... SomeClass.class_method('bar')
+ ... return mock1, mock2
+ ...
+ >>> mock1, mock2 = test()
+ >>> mock1.assert_called_once_with('foo')
+ >>> mock2.assert_called_once_with('bar')
+
+
+Note that the decorators are applied from the bottom upwards. This is the
+standard way that Python applies decorators. The order of the created mocks
+passed into your test function matches this order.
+
+Like all context-managers patches can be nested using contextlib's nested
+function; *every* patching will appear in the tuple after "as":
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from contextlib import nested
+ >>> with nested(
+ ... patch('package.module.ClassName1'),
+ ... patch('package.module.ClassName2')
+ ... ) as (MockClass1, MockClass2):
+ ... assert package.module.ClassName1 is MockClass1
+ ... assert package.module.ClassName2 is MockClass2
+ ...
+
+
+.. _where-to-patch:
+
+Where to patch
+==============
+
+`patch` works by (temporarily) changing the object that a *name* points to with
+another one. There can be many names pointing to any individual object, so
+for patching to work you must ensure that you patch the name used by the system
+under test.
+
+The basic principle is that you patch where an object is *looked up*, which
+is not necessarily the same place as where it is defined. A couple of
+examples will help to clarify this.
+
+Imagine we have a project that we want to test with the following structure::
+
+ a.py
+ -> Defines SomeClass
+
+ b.py
+ -> from a import SomeClass
+ -> some_function instantiates SomeClass
+
+Now we want to test `some_function` but we want to mock out `SomeClass` using
+`patch`. The problem is that when we import module b, which we will have to
+do then it imports `SomeClass` from module a. If we use `patch` to mock out
+`a.SomeClass` then it will have no effect on our test; module b already has a
+reference to the *real* `SomeClass` and it looks like our patching had no
+effect.
+
+The key is to patch out `SomeClass` where it is used (or where it is looked up
+). In this case `some_function` will actually look up `SomeClass` in module b,
+where we have imported it. The patching should look like:
+
+ `@patch('b.SomeClass')`
+
+However, consider the alternative scenario where instead of `from a import
+SomeClass` module b does `import a` and `some_function` uses `a.SomeClass`. Both
+of these import forms are common. In this case the class we want to patch is
+being looked up on the a module and so we have to patch `a.SomeClass` instead:
+
+ `@patch('a.SomeClass')`
+
+
+Patching Descriptors and Proxy Objects
+======================================
+
+Since version 0.6.0 both patch_ and patch.object_ have been able to correctly
+patch and restore descriptors: class methods, static methods and properties.
+You should patch these on the *class* rather than an instance.
+
+Since version 0.7.0 patch_ and patch.object_ work correctly with some objects
+that proxy attribute access, like the `django setttings object
+<http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/weblog/arch_d7_2010_12_04.shtml#e1198>`_.
+
+.. note::
+
+ In django `import settings` and `from django.conf import settings`
+ return different objects. If you are using libraries / apps that do both you
+ may have to patch both. Grrr...
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/sentinel.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/sentinel.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1c5223da0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/docs/sentinel.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+==========
+ Sentinel
+==========
+
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+.. testsetup::
+
+ class ProductionClass(object):
+ def something(self):
+ return self.method()
+
+ class Test(unittest2.TestCase):
+ def testSomething(self):
+ pass
+ self = Test('testSomething')
+
+
+.. data:: sentinel
+
+ The ``sentinel`` object provides a convenient way of providing unique
+ objects for your tests.
+
+ Attributes are created on demand when you access them by name. Accessing
+ the same attribute will always return the same object. The objects
+ returned have a sensible repr so that test failure messages are readable.
+
+
+.. data:: DEFAULT
+
+ The `DEFAULT` object is a pre-created sentinel (actually
+ `sentinel.DEFAULT`). It can be used by :attr:`~Mock.side_effect`
+ functions to indicate that the normal return value should be used.
+
+
+Sentinel Example
+================
+
+Sometimes when testing you need to test that a specific object is passed as an
+argument to another method, or returned. It can be common to create named
+sentinel objects to test this. `sentinel` provides a convenient way of
+creating and testing the identity of objects like this.
+
+In this example we monkey patch `method` to return
+`sentinel.some_object`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> real = ProductionClass()
+ >>> real.method = Mock(name="method")
+ >>> real.method.return_value = sentinel.some_object
+ >>> result = real.method()
+ >>> assert result is sentinel.some_object
+ >>> sentinel.some_object
+ sentinel.some_object
+
+
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new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a605be3d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/changelog.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,725 @@
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+
+CHANGELOG
+=========
+
+2012/10/07 Version 1.0.0
+------------------------
+
+No changes since 1.0.0 beta 1. This version has feature parity with
+`unittest.mock
+<http://docs.python.org/py3k/library/unittest.mock.html#module-unittest.mock>`_
+in Python 3.3.
+
+Full list of changes since 0.8:
+
+* `mocksignature`, along with the `mocksignature` argument to `patch`, removed
+* Support for deleting attributes (accessing deleted attributes will raise an
+ `AttributeError`)
+* Added the `mock_open` helper function for mocking the builtin `open`
+* `__class__` is assignable, so a mock can pass an `isinstance` check without
+ requiring a spec
+* Addition of `PropertyMock`, for mocking properties
+* `MagicMocks` made unorderable by default (in Python 3). The comparison
+ methods (other than equality and inequality) now return `NotImplemented`
+* Propagate traceback info to support subclassing of `_patch` by other
+ libraries
+* `create_autospec` works with attributes present in results of `dir` that
+ can't be fetched from the object's class. Contributed by Konstantine Rybnikov
+* Any exceptions in an iterable `side_effect` will be raised instead of
+ returned
+* In Python 3, `create_autospec` now supports keyword only arguments
+* Added `patch.stopall` method to stop all active patches created by `start`
+* BUGFIX: calling `MagicMock.reset_mock` wouldn't reset magic method mocks
+* BUGFIX: calling `reset_mock` on a `MagicMock` created with autospec could
+ raise an exception
+* BUGFIX: passing multiple spec arguments to patchers (`spec` , `spec_set` and
+ `autospec`) had unpredictable results, now it is an error
+* BUGFIX: using `spec=True` *and* `create=True` as arguments to patchers could
+ result in using `DEFAULT` as the spec. Now it is an error instead
+* BUGFIX: using `spec` or `autospec` arguments to patchers, along with
+ `spec_set=True` did not work correctly
+* BUGFIX: using an object that evaluates to False as a spec could be ignored
+* BUGFIX: a list as the `spec` argument to a patcher would always result in a
+ non-callable mock. Now if `__call__` is in the spec the mock is callable
+
+
+2012/07/13 Version 1.0.0 beta 1
+--------------------------------
+
+* Added `patch.stopall` method to stop all active patches created by `start`
+* BUGFIX: calling `MagicMock.reset_mock` wouldn't reset magic method mocks
+* BUGFIX: calling `reset_mock` on a `MagicMock` created with autospec could
+ raise an exception
+
+
+2012/05/04 Version 1.0.0 alpha 2
+--------------------------------
+
+* `PropertyMock` attributes are now standard `MagicMocks`
+* `create_autospec` works with attributes present in results of `dir` that
+ can't be fetched from the object's class. Contributed by Konstantine Rybnikov
+* Any exceptions in an iterable `side_effect` will be raised instead of
+ returned
+* In Python 3, `create_autospec` now supports keyword only arguments
+
+
+2012/03/25 Version 1.0.0 alpha 1
+--------------------------------
+
+The standard library version!
+
+* `mocksignature`, along with the `mocksignature` argument to `patch`, removed
+* Support for deleting attributes (accessing deleted attributes will raise an
+ `AttributeError`)
+* Added the `mock_open` helper function for mocking the builtin `open`
+* `__class__` is assignable, so a mock can pass an `isinstance` check without
+ requiring a spec
+* Addition of `PropertyMock`, for mocking properties
+* `MagicMocks` made unorderable by default (in Python 3). The comparison
+ methods (other than equality and inequality) now return `NotImplemented`
+* Propagate traceback info to support subclassing of `_patch` by other
+ libraries
+* BUGFIX: passing multiple spec arguments to patchers (`spec` , `spec_set` and
+ `autospec`) had unpredictable results, now it is an error
+* BUGFIX: using `spec=True` *and* `create=True` as arguments to patchers could
+ result in using `DEFAULT` as the spec. Now it is an error instead
+* BUGFIX: using `spec` or `autospec` arguments to patchers, along with
+ `spec_set=True` did not work correctly
+* BUGFIX: using an object that evaluates to False as a spec could be ignored
+* BUGFIX: a list as the `spec` argument to a patcher would always result in a
+ non-callable mock. Now if `__call__` is in the spec the mock is callable
+
+
+2012/02/13 Version 0.8.0
+------------------------
+
+The only changes since 0.8rc2 are:
+
+* Improved repr of :data:`sentinel` objects
+* :data:`ANY` can be used for comparisons against :data:`call` objects
+* The return value of `MagicMock.__iter__` method can be set to
+ any iterable and isn't required to be an iterator
+
+Full List of changes since 0.7:
+
+mock 0.8.0 is the last version that will support Python 2.4.
+
+* Addition of :attr:`~Mock.mock_calls` list for *all* calls (including magic
+ methods and chained calls)
+* :func:`patch` and :func:`patch.object` now create a :class:`MagicMock`
+ instead of a :class:`Mock` by default
+* The patchers (`patch`, `patch.object` and `patch.dict`), plus `Mock` and
+ `MagicMock`, take arbitrary keyword arguments for configuration
+* New mock method :meth:`~Mock.configure_mock` for setting attributes and
+ return values / side effects on the mock and its attributes
+* New mock assert methods :meth:`~Mock.assert_any_call` and
+ :meth:`~Mock.assert_has_calls`
+* Implemented :ref:`auto-speccing` (recursive, lazy speccing of mocks with
+ mocked signatures for functions/methods), as the `autospec` argument to
+ `patch`
+* Added the :func:`create_autospec` function for manually creating
+ 'auto-specced' mocks
+* :func:`patch.multiple` for doing multiple patches in a single call, using
+ keyword arguments
+* Setting :attr:`~Mock.side_effect` to an iterable will cause calls to the mock
+ to return the next value from the iterable
+* New `new_callable` argument to `patch` and `patch.object` allowing you to
+ pass in a class or callable object (instead of `MagicMock`) that will be
+ called to replace the object being patched
+* Addition of :class:`NonCallableMock` and :class:`NonCallableMagicMock`, mocks
+ without a `__call__` method
+* Addition of :meth:`~Mock.mock_add_spec` method for adding (or changing) a
+ spec on an existing mock
+* Protocol methods on :class:`MagicMock` are magic mocks, and are created
+ lazily on first lookup. This means the result of calling a protocol method is
+ a `MagicMock` instead of a `Mock` as it was previously
+* Addition of :meth:`~Mock.attach_mock` method
+* Added :data:`ANY` for ignoring arguments in :meth:`~Mock.assert_called_with`
+ calls
+* Addition of :data:`call` helper object
+* Improved repr for mocks
+* Improved repr for :attr:`Mock.call_args` and entries in
+ :attr:`Mock.call_args_list`, :attr:`Mock.method_calls` and
+ :attr:`Mock.mock_calls`
+* Improved repr for :data:`sentinel` objects
+* `patch` lookup is done at use time not at decoration time
+* In Python 2.6 or more recent, `dir` on a mock will report all the dynamically
+ created attributes (or the full list of attributes if there is a spec) as
+ well as all the mock methods and attributes.
+* Module level :data:`FILTER_DIR` added to control whether `dir(mock)` filters
+ private attributes. `True` by default.
+* `patch.TEST_PREFIX` for controlling how patchers recognise test methods when
+ used to decorate a class
+* Support for using Java exceptions as a :attr:`~Mock.side_effect` on Jython
+* `Mock` call lists (`call_args_list`, `method_calls` & `mock_calls`) are now
+ custom list objects that allow membership tests for "sub lists" and have
+ a nicer representation if you `str` or `print` them
+* Mocks attached as attributes or return values to other mocks have calls
+ recorded in `method_calls` and `mock_calls` of the parent (unless a name is
+ already set on the child)
+* Improved failure messages for `assert_called_with` and
+ `assert_called_once_with`
+* The return value of the :class:`MagicMock` `__iter__` method can be set to
+ any iterable and isn't required to be an iterator
+* Added the Mock API (`assert_called_with` etc) to functions created by
+ :func:`mocksignature`
+* Tuples as well as lists can be used to specify allowed methods for `spec` &
+ `spec_set` arguments
+* Calling `stop` on an unstarted patcher fails with a more meaningful error
+ message
+* Renamed the internal classes `Sentinel` and `SentinelObject` to prevent abuse
+* BUGFIX: an error creating a patch, with nested patch decorators, won't leave
+ patches in place
+* BUGFIX: `__truediv__` and `__rtruediv__` not available as magic methods on
+ mocks in Python 3
+* BUGFIX: `assert_called_with` / `assert_called_once_with` can be used with
+ `self` as a keyword argument
+* BUGFIX: when patching a class with an explicit spec / spec_set (not a
+ boolean) it applies "spec inheritance" to the return value of the created
+ mock (the "instance")
+* BUGFIX: remove the `__unittest` marker causing traceback truncation
+* Removal of deprecated `patch_object`
+* Private attributes `_name`, `_methods`, '_children', `_wraps` and `_parent`
+ (etc) renamed to reduce likelihood of clash with user attributes.
+* Added license file to the distribution
+
+
+2012/01/10 Version 0.8.0 release candidate 2
+--------------------------------------------
+
+* Removed the `configure` keyword argument to `create_autospec` and allow
+ arbitrary keyword arguments (for the `Mock` constructor) instead
+* Fixed `ANY` equality with some types in `assert_called_with` calls
+* Switched to a standard Sphinx theme (compatible with
+ `readthedocs.org <http://mock.readthedocs.org>`_)
+
+
+2011/12/29 Version 0.8.0 release candidate 1
+--------------------------------------------
+
+* `create_autospec` on the return value of a mocked class will use `__call__`
+ for the signature rather than `__init__`
+* Performance improvement instantiating `Mock` and `MagicMock`
+* Mocks used as magic methods have the same type as their parent instead of
+ being hardcoded to `MagicMock`
+
+Special thanks to Julian Berman for his help with diagnosing and improving
+performance in this release.
+
+
+2011/10/09 Version 0.8.0 beta 4
+-------------------------------
+
+* `patch` lookup is done at use time not at decoration time
+* When attaching a Mock to another Mock as a magic method, calls are recorded
+ in mock_calls
+* Addition of `attach_mock` method
+* Renamed the internal classes `Sentinel` and `SentinelObject` to prevent abuse
+* BUGFIX: various issues around circular references with mocks (setting a mock
+ return value to be itself etc)
+
+
+2011/08/15 Version 0.8.0 beta 3
+-------------------------------
+
+* Mocks attached as attributes or return values to other mocks have calls
+ recorded in `method_calls` and `mock_calls` of the parent (unless a name is
+ already set on the child)
+* Addition of `mock_add_spec` method for adding (or changing) a spec on an
+ existing mock
+* Improved repr for `Mock.call_args` and entries in `Mock.call_args_list`,
+ `Mock.method_calls` and `Mock.mock_calls`
+* Improved repr for mocks
+* BUGFIX: minor fixes in the way `mock_calls` is worked out,
+ especially for "intermediate" mocks in a call chain
+
+
+2011/08/05 Version 0.8.0 beta 2
+-------------------------------
+
+* Setting `side_effect` to an iterable will cause calls to the mock to return
+ the next value from the iterable
+* Added `assert_any_call` method
+* Moved `assert_has_calls` from call lists onto mocks
+* BUGFIX: `call_args` and all members of `call_args_list` are two tuples of
+ `(args, kwargs)` again instead of three tuples of `(name, args, kwargs)`
+
+
+2011/07/25 Version 0.8.0 beta 1
+-------------------------------
+
+* `patch.TEST_PREFIX` for controlling how patchers recognise test methods when
+ used to decorate a class
+* `Mock` call lists (`call_args_list`, `method_calls` & `mock_calls`) are now
+ custom list objects that allow membership tests for "sub lists" and have
+ an `assert_has_calls` method for unordered call checks
+* `callargs` changed to *always* be a three-tuple of `(name, args, kwargs)`
+* Addition of `mock_calls` list for *all* calls (including magic methods and
+ chained calls)
+* Extension of `call` object to support chained calls and `callargs` for better
+ comparisons with or without names. `call` object has a `call_list` method for
+ chained calls
+* Added the public `instance` argument to `create_autospec`
+* Support for using Java exceptions as a `side_effect` on Jython
+* Improved failure messages for `assert_called_with` and
+ `assert_called_once_with`
+* Tuples as well as lists can be used to specify allowed methods for `spec` &
+ `spec_set` arguments
+* BUGFIX: Fixed bug in `patch.multiple` for argument passing when creating
+ mocks
+* Added license file to the distribution
+
+
+2011/07/16 Version 0.8.0 alpha 2
+--------------------------------
+
+* `patch.multiple` for doing multiple patches in a single call, using keyword
+ arguments
+* New `new_callable` argument to `patch` and `patch.object` allowing you to
+ pass in a class or callable object (instead of `MagicMock`) that will be
+ called to replace the object being patched
+* Addition of `NonCallableMock` and `NonCallableMagicMock`, mocks without a
+ `__call__` method
+* Mocks created by `patch` have a `MagicMock` as the `return_value` where a
+ class is being patched
+* `create_autospec` can create non-callable mocks for non-callable objects.
+ `return_value` mocks of classes will be non-callable unless the class has
+ a `__call__` method
+* `autospec` creates a `MagicMock` without a spec for properties and slot
+ descriptors, because we don't know the type of object they return
+* Removed the "inherit" argument from `create_autospec`
+* Calling `stop` on an unstarted patcher fails with a more meaningful error
+ message
+* BUGFIX: an error creating a patch, with nested patch decorators, won't leave
+ patches in place
+* BUGFIX: `__truediv__` and `__rtruediv__` not available as magic methods on
+ mocks in Python 3
+* BUGFIX: `assert_called_with` / `assert_called_once_with` can be used with
+ `self` as a keyword argument
+* BUGFIX: autospec for functions / methods with an argument named self that
+ isn't the first argument no longer broken
+* BUGFIX: when patching a class with an explicit spec / spec_set (not a
+ boolean) it applies "spec inheritance" to the return value of the created
+ mock (the "instance")
+* BUGFIX: remove the `__unittest` marker causing traceback truncation
+
+
+2011/06/14 Version 0.8.0 alpha 1
+--------------------------------
+
+mock 0.8.0 is the last version that will support Python 2.4.
+
+* The patchers (`patch`, `patch.object` and `patch.dict`), plus `Mock` and
+ `MagicMock`, take arbitrary keyword arguments for configuration
+* New mock method `configure_mock` for setting attributes and return values /
+ side effects on the mock and its attributes
+* In Python 2.6 or more recent, `dir` on a mock will report all the dynamically
+ created attributes (or the full list of attributes if there is a spec) as
+ well as all the mock methods and attributes.
+* Module level `FILTER_DIR` added to control whether `dir(mock)` filters
+ private attributes. `True` by default. Note that `vars(Mock())` can still be
+ used to get all instance attributes and `dir(type(Mock())` will still return
+ all the other attributes (irrespective of `FILTER_DIR`)
+* `patch` and `patch.object` now create a `MagicMock` instead of a `Mock` by
+ default
+* Added `ANY` for ignoring arguments in `assert_called_with` calls
+* Addition of `call` helper object
+* Protocol methods on `MagicMock` are magic mocks, and are created lazily on
+ first lookup. This means the result of calling a protocol method is a
+ MagicMock instead of a Mock as it was previously
+* Added the Mock API (`assert_called_with` etc) to functions created by
+ `mocksignature`
+* Private attributes `_name`, `_methods`, '_children', `_wraps` and `_parent`
+ (etc) renamed to reduce likelihood of clash with user attributes.
+* Implemented auto-speccing (recursive, lazy speccing of mocks with mocked
+ signatures for functions/methods)
+
+ Limitations:
+
+ - Doesn't mock magic methods or attributes (it creates MagicMocks, so the
+ magic methods are *there*, they just don't have the signature mocked nor
+ are attributes followed)
+ - Doesn't mock function / method attributes
+ - Uses object traversal on the objects being mocked to determine types - so
+ properties etc may be triggered
+ - The return value of mocked classes (the 'instance') has the same call
+ signature as the class __init__ (as they share the same spec)
+
+ You create auto-specced mocks by passing `autospec=True` to `patch`.
+
+ Note that attributes that are None are special cased and mocked without a
+ spec (so any attribute / method can be used). This is because None is
+ typically used as a default value for attributes that may be of some other
+ type, and as we don't know what type that may be we allow all access.
+
+ Note that the `autospec` option to `patch` obsoletes the `mocksignature`
+ option.
+
+* Added the `create_autospec` function for manually creating 'auto-specced'
+ mocks
+* Removal of deprecated `patch_object`
+
+
+2011/05/30 Version 0.7.2
+------------------------
+
+* BUGFIX: instances of list subclasses can now be used as mock specs
+* BUGFIX: MagicMock equality / inequality protocol methods changed to use the
+ default equality / inequality. This is done through a `side_effect` on
+ the mocks used for `__eq__` / `__ne__`
+
+
+2011/05/06 Version 0.7.1
+------------------------
+
+Package fixes contributed by Michael Fladischer. No code changes.
+
+* Include template in package
+* Use isolated binaries for the tox tests
+* Unset executable bit on docs
+* Fix DOS line endings in getting-started.txt
+
+
+2011/03/05 Version 0.7.0
+------------------------
+
+No API changes since 0.7.0 rc1. Many documentation changes including a stylish
+new `Sphinx theme <https://github.com/coordt/ADCtheme/>`_.
+
+The full set of changes since 0.6.0 are:
+
+* Python 3 compatibility
+* Ability to mock magic methods with `Mock` and addition of `MagicMock`
+ with pre-created magic methods
+* Addition of `mocksignature` and `mocksignature` argument to `patch` and
+ `patch.object`
+* Addition of `patch.dict` for changing dictionaries during a test
+* Ability to use `patch`, `patch.object` and `patch.dict` as class decorators
+* Renamed ``patch_object`` to `patch.object` (``patch_object`` is
+ deprecated)
+* Addition of soft comparisons: `call_args`, `call_args_list` and `method_calls`
+ now return tuple-like objects which compare equal even when empty args
+ or kwargs are skipped
+* patchers (`patch`, `patch.object` and `patch.dict`) have start and stop
+ methods
+* Addition of `assert_called_once_with` method
+* Mocks can now be named (`name` argument to constructor) and the name is used
+ in the repr
+* repr of a mock with a spec includes the class name of the spec
+* `assert_called_with` works with `python -OO`
+* New `spec_set` keyword argument to `Mock` and `patch`. If used,
+ attempting to *set* an attribute on a mock not on the spec will raise an
+ `AttributeError`
+* Mocks created with a spec can now pass `isinstance` tests (`__class__`
+ returns the type of the spec)
+* Added docstrings to all objects
+* Improved failure message for `Mock.assert_called_with` when the mock
+ has not been called at all
+* Decorated functions / methods have their docstring and `__module__`
+ preserved on Python 2.4.
+* BUGFIX: `mock.patch` now works correctly with certain types of objects that
+ proxy attribute access, like the django settings object
+* BUGFIX: mocks are now copyable (thanks to Ned Batchelder for reporting and
+ diagnosing this)
+* BUGFIX: `spec=True` works with old style classes
+* BUGFIX: ``help(mock)`` works now (on the module). Can no longer use ``__bases__``
+ as a valid sentinel name (thanks to Stephen Emslie for reporting and
+ diagnosing this)
+* BUGFIX: ``side_effect`` now works with ``BaseException`` exceptions like
+ ``KeyboardInterrupt``
+* BUGFIX: `reset_mock` caused infinite recursion when a mock is set as its own
+ return value
+* BUGFIX: patching the same object twice now restores the patches correctly
+* with statement tests now skipped on Python 2.4
+* Tests require unittest2 (or unittest2-py3k) to run
+* Tested with `tox <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/tox>`_ on Python 2.4 - 3.2,
+ jython and pypy (excluding 3.0)
+* Added 'build_sphinx' command to setup.py (requires setuptools or distribute)
+ Thanks to Florian Bauer
+* Switched from subversion to mercurial for source code control
+* `Konrad Delong <http://konryd.blogspot.com/>`_ added as co-maintainer
+
+
+2011/02/16 Version 0.7.0 RC 1
+-----------------------------
+
+Changes since beta 4:
+
+* Tested with jython, pypy and Python 3.2 and 3.1
+* Decorated functions / methods have their docstring and `__module__`
+ preserved on Python 2.4
+* BUGFIX: `mock.patch` now works correctly with certain types of objects that
+ proxy attribute access, like the django settings object
+* BUGFIX: `reset_mock` caused infinite recursion when a mock is set as its own
+ return value
+
+
+2010/11/12 Version 0.7.0 beta 4
+-------------------------------
+
+* patchers (`patch`, `patch.object` and `patch.dict`) have start and stop
+ methods
+* Addition of `assert_called_once_with` method
+* repr of a mock with a spec includes the class name of the spec
+* `assert_called_with` works with `python -OO`
+* New `spec_set` keyword argument to `Mock` and `patch`. If used,
+ attempting to *set* an attribute on a mock not on the spec will raise an
+ `AttributeError`
+* Attributes and return value of a `MagicMock` are `MagicMock` objects
+* Attempting to set an unsupported magic method now raises an `AttributeError`
+* `patch.dict` works as a class decorator
+* Switched from subversion to mercurial for source code control
+* BUGFIX: mocks are now copyable (thanks to Ned Batchelder for reporting and
+ diagnosing this)
+* BUGFIX: `spec=True` works with old style classes
+* BUGFIX: `mocksignature=True` can now patch instance methods via
+ `patch.object`
+
+
+2010/09/18 Version 0.7.0 beta 3
+-------------------------------
+
+* Using spec with :class:`MagicMock` only pre-creates magic methods in the spec
+* Setting a magic method on a mock with a ``spec`` can only be done if the
+ spec has that method
+* Mocks can now be named (`name` argument to constructor) and the name is used
+ in the repr
+* `mocksignature` can now be used with classes (signature based on `__init__`)
+ and callable objects (signature based on `__call__`)
+* Mocks created with a spec can now pass `isinstance` tests (`__class__`
+ returns the type of the spec)
+* Default numeric value for MagicMock is 1 rather than zero (because the
+ MagicMock bool defaults to True and 0 is False)
+* Improved failure message for :meth:`~Mock.assert_called_with` when the mock
+ has not been called at all
+* Adding the following to the set of supported magic methods:
+
+ - ``__getformat__`` and ``__setformat__``
+ - pickle methods
+ - ``__trunc__``, ``__ceil__`` and ``__floor__``
+ - ``__sizeof__``
+
+* Added 'build_sphinx' command to setup.py (requires setuptools or distribute)
+ Thanks to Florian Bauer
+* with statement tests now skipped on Python 2.4
+* Tests require unittest2 to run on Python 2.7
+* Improved several docstrings and documentation
+
+
+2010/06/23 Version 0.7.0 beta 2
+-------------------------------
+
+* :func:`patch.dict` works as a context manager as well as a decorator
+* ``patch.dict`` takes a string to specify dictionary as well as a dictionary
+ object. If a string is supplied the name specified is imported
+* BUGFIX: ``patch.dict`` restores dictionary even when an exception is raised
+
+
+2010/06/22 Version 0.7.0 beta 1
+-------------------------------
+
+* Addition of :func:`mocksignature`
+* Ability to mock magic methods
+* Ability to use ``patch`` and ``patch.object`` as class decorators
+* Renamed ``patch_object`` to :func:`patch.object` (``patch_object`` is
+ deprecated)
+* Addition of :class:`MagicMock` class with all magic methods pre-created for you
+* Python 3 compatibility (tested with 3.2 but should work with 3.0 & 3.1 as
+ well)
+* Addition of :func:`patch.dict` for changing dictionaries during a test
+* Addition of ``mocksignature`` argument to ``patch`` and ``patch.object``
+* ``help(mock)`` works now (on the module). Can no longer use ``__bases__``
+ as a valid sentinel name (thanks to Stephen Emslie for reporting and
+ diagnosing this)
+* Addition of soft comparisons: `call_args`, `call_args_list` and `method_calls`
+ now return tuple-like objects which compare equal even when empty args
+ or kwargs are skipped
+* Added docstrings.
+* BUGFIX: ``side_effect`` now works with ``BaseException`` exceptions like
+ ``KeyboardInterrupt``
+* BUGFIX: patching the same object twice now restores the patches correctly
+* The tests now require `unittest2 <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2>`_
+ to run
+* `Konrad Delong <http://konryd.blogspot.com/>`_ added as co-maintainer
+
+
+2009/08/22 Version 0.6.0
+------------------------
+
+* New test layout compatible with test discovery
+* Descriptors (static methods / class methods etc) can now be patched and
+ restored correctly
+* Mocks can raise exceptions when called by setting ``side_effect`` to an
+ exception class or instance
+* Mocks that wrap objects will not pass on calls to the underlying object if
+ an explicit return_value is set
+
+
+2009/04/17 Version 0.5.0
+------------------------
+
+* Made DEFAULT part of the public api.
+* Documentation built with Sphinx.
+* ``side_effect`` is now called with the same arguments as the mock is called with and
+ if returns a non-DEFAULT value that is automatically set as the ``mock.return_value``.
+* ``wraps`` keyword argument used for wrapping objects (and passing calls through to the wrapped object).
+* ``Mock.reset`` renamed to ``Mock.reset_mock``, as reset is a common API name.
+* ``patch`` / ``patch_object`` are now context managers and can be used with ``with``.
+* A new 'create' keyword argument to patch and patch_object that allows them to patch
+ (and unpatch) attributes that don't exist. (Potentially unsafe to use - it can allow
+ you to have tests that pass when they are testing an API that doesn't exist - use at
+ your own risk!)
+* The methods keyword argument to Mock has been removed and merged with spec. The spec
+ argument can now be a list of methods or an object to take the spec from.
+* Nested patches may now be applied in a different order (created mocks passed
+ in the opposite order). This is actually a bugfix.
+* patch and patch_object now take a spec keyword argument. If spec is
+ passed in as 'True' then the Mock created will take the object it is replacing
+ as its spec object. If the object being replaced is a class, then the return
+ value for the mock will also use the class as a spec.
+* A Mock created without a spec will not attempt to mock any magic methods / attributes
+ (they will raise an ``AttributeError`` instead).
+
+
+2008/10/12 Version 0.4.0
+------------------------
+
+* Default return value is now a new mock rather than None
+* return_value added as a keyword argument to the constructor
+* New method 'assert_called_with'
+* Added 'side_effect' attribute / keyword argument called when mock is called
+* patch decorator split into two decorators:
+
+ - ``patch_object`` which takes an object and an attribute name to patch
+ (plus optionally a value to patch with which defaults to a mock object)
+ - ``patch`` which takes a string specifying a target to patch; in the form
+ 'package.module.Class.attribute'. (plus optionally a value to
+ patch with which defaults to a mock object)
+
+* Can now patch objects with ``None``
+* Change to patch for nose compatibility with error reporting in wrapped functions
+* Reset no longer clears children / return value etc - it just resets
+ call count and call args. It also calls reset on all children (and
+ the return value if it is a mock).
+
+Thanks to Konrad Delong, Kevin Dangoor and others for patches and suggestions.
+
+
+2007/12/03 Version 0.3.1
+-------------------------
+
+``patch`` maintains the name of decorated functions for compatibility with nose
+test autodiscovery.
+
+Tests decorated with ``patch`` that use the two argument form (implicit mock
+creation) will receive the mock(s) passed in as extra arguments.
+
+Thanks to Kevin Dangoor for these changes.
+
+
+2007/11/30 Version 0.3.0
+-------------------------
+
+Removed ``patch_module``. ``patch`` can now take a string as the first
+argument for patching modules.
+
+The third argument to ``patch`` is optional - a mock will be created by
+default if it is not passed in.
+
+
+2007/11/21 Version 0.2.1
+-------------------------
+
+Bug fix, allows reuse of functions decorated with ``patch`` and ``patch_module``.
+
+
+2007/11/20 Version 0.2.0
+-------------------------
+
+Added ``spec`` keyword argument for creating ``Mock`` objects from a
+specification object.
+
+Added ``patch`` and ``patch_module`` monkey patching decorators.
+
+Added ``sentinel`` for convenient access to unique objects.
+
+Distribution includes unit tests.
+
+
+2007/11/19 Version 0.1.0
+-------------------------
+
+Initial release.
+
+
+TODO and Limitations
+====================
+
+Contributions, bug reports and comments welcomed!
+
+Feature requests and bug reports are handled on the issue tracker:
+
+ * `mock issue tracker <http://code.google.com/p/mock/issues/list>`_
+
+`wraps` is not integrated with magic methods.
+
+`patch` could auto-do the patching in the constructor and unpatch in the
+destructor. This would be useful in itself, but violates TOOWTDI and would be
+unsafe for IronPython & PyPy (non-deterministic calling of destructors).
+Destructors aren't called in CPython where there are cycles, but a weak
+reference with a callback can be used to get round this.
+
+`Mock` has several attributes. This makes it unsuitable for mocking objects
+that use these attribute names. A way round this would be to provide methods
+that *hide* these attributes when needed. In 0.8 many, but not all, of these
+attributes are renamed to gain a `_mock` prefix, making it less likely that
+they will clash. Any outstanding attributes that haven't been modified with
+the prefix should be changed.
+
+If a patch is started using `patch.start` and then not stopped correctly then
+the unpatching is not done. Using weak references it would be possible to
+detect and fix this when the patch object itself is garbage collected. This
+would be tricky to get right though.
+
+When a `Mock` is created by `patch`, arbitrary keywords can be used to set
+attributes. If `patch` is created with a `spec`, and is replacing a class, then
+a `return_value` mock is created. The keyword arguments are not applied to the
+child mock, but could be.
+
+When mocking a class with `patch`, passing in `spec=True` or `autospec=True`,
+the mock class has an instance created from the same spec. Should this be the
+default behaviour for mocks anyway (mock return values inheriting the spec
+from their parent), or should it be controlled by an additional keyword
+argument (`inherit`) to the Mock constructor? `create_autospec` does this, so
+an additional keyword argument to Mock is probably unnecessary.
+
+The `mocksignature` argument to `patch` with a non `Mock` passed into
+`new_callable` will *probably* cause an error. Should it just be invalid?
+
+Note that `NonCallableMock` and `NonCallableMagicMock` still have the unused
+(and unusable) attributes: `return_value`, `side_effect`, `call_count`,
+`call_args` and `call_args_list`. These could be removed or raise errors on
+getting / setting. They also have the `assert_called_with` and
+`assert_called_once_with` methods. Removing these would be pointless as
+fetching them would create a mock (attribute) that could be called without
+error.
+
+Some outstanding technical debt. The way autospeccing mocks function
+signatures was copied and modified from `mocksignature`. This could all be
+refactored into one set of functions instead of two. The way we tell if
+patchers are started and if a patcher is being used for a `patch.multiple`
+call are both horrible. There are now a host of helper functions that should
+be rationalised. (Probably time to split mock into a package instead of a
+module.)
+
+Passing arbitrary keyword arguments to `create_autospec`, or `patch` with
+`autospec`, when mocking a *function* works fine. However, the arbitrary
+attributes are set on the created mock - but `create_autospec` returns a
+real function (which doesn't have those attributes). However, what is the use
+case for using autospec to create functions with attributes that don't exist
+on the original?
+
+`mocksignature`, plus the `call_args_list` and `method_calls` attributes of
+`Mock` could all be deprecated.
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/compare.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/compare.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..41555308e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/compare.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,628 @@
+=========================
+ Mock Library Comparison
+=========================
+
+
+.. testsetup::
+
+ def assertEqual(a, b):
+ assert a == b, ("%r != %r" % (a, b))
+
+ def assertRaises(Exc, func):
+ try:
+ func()
+ except Exc:
+ return
+ assert False, ("%s not raised" % Exc)
+
+ sys.modules['somemodule'] = somemodule = mock.Mock(name='somemodule')
+ class SomeException(Exception):
+ some_method = method1 = method2 = None
+ some_other_object = SomeObject = SomeException
+
+
+A side-by-side comparison of how to accomplish some basic tasks with mock and
+some other popular Python mocking libraries and frameworks.
+
+These are:
+
+* `flexmock <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/flexmock>`_
+* `mox <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/mox>`_
+* `Mocker <http://niemeyer.net/mocker>`_
+* `dingus <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/dingus>`_
+* `fudge <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/fudge>`_
+
+Popular python mocking frameworks not yet represented here include
+`MiniMock <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/MiniMock>`_.
+
+`pMock <http://pmock.sourceforge.net/>`_ (last release 2004 and doesn't import
+in recent versions of Python) and
+`python-mock <http://python-mock.sourceforge.net/>`_ (last release 2005) are
+intentionally omitted.
+
+.. note::
+
+ A more up to date, and tested for all mock libraries (only the mock
+ examples on this page can be executed as doctests) version of this
+ comparison is maintained by Gary Bernhardt:
+
+ * `Python Mock Library Comparison
+ <http://garybernhardt.github.com/python-mock-comparison/>`_
+
+This comparison is by no means complete, and also may not be fully idiomatic
+for all the libraries represented. *Please* contribute corrections, missing
+comparisons, or comparisons for additional libraries to the `mock issue
+tracker <https://code.google.com/p/mock/issues/list>`_.
+
+This comparison page was originally created by the `Mox project
+<https://code.google.com/p/pymox/wiki/MoxComparison>`_ and then extended for
+`flexmock and mock <http://has207.github.com/flexmock/compare.html>`_ by
+Herman Sheremetyev. Dingus examples written by `Gary Bernhadt
+<http://garybernhardt.github.com/python-mock-comparison/>`_. fudge examples
+provided by `Kumar McMillan <http://farmdev.com/>`_.
+
+.. note::
+
+ The examples tasks here were originally created by Mox which is a mocking
+ *framework* rather than a library like mock. The tasks shown naturally
+ exemplify tasks that frameworks are good at and not the ones they make
+ harder. In particular you can take a `Mock` or `MagicMock` object and use
+ it in any way you want with no up-front configuration. The same is also
+ true for Dingus.
+
+ The examples for mock here assume version 0.7.0.
+
+
+Simple fake object
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> my_mock = mock.Mock()
+ >>> my_mock.some_method.return_value = "calculated value"
+ >>> my_mock.some_attribute = "value"
+ >>> assertEqual("calculated value", my_mock.some_method())
+ >>> assertEqual("value", my_mock.some_attribute)
+
+::
+
+ # Flexmock
+ mock = flexmock(some_method=lambda: "calculated value", some_attribute="value")
+ assertEqual("calculated value", mock.some_method())
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_attribute)
+
+ # Mox
+ mock = mox.MockAnything()
+ mock.some_method().AndReturn("calculated value")
+ mock.some_attribute = "value"
+ mox.Replay(mock)
+ assertEqual("calculated value", mock.some_method())
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_attribute)
+
+ # Mocker
+ mock = mocker.mock()
+ mock.some_method()
+ mocker.result("calculated value")
+ mocker.replay()
+ mock.some_attribute = "value"
+ assertEqual("calculated value", mock.some_method())
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_attribute)
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> my_dingus = dingus.Dingus(some_attribute="value",
+ ... some_method__returns="calculated value")
+ >>> assertEqual("calculated value", my_dingus.some_method())
+ >>> assertEqual("value", my_dingus.some_attribute)
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> my_fake = (fudge.Fake()
+ ... .provides('some_method')
+ ... .returns("calculated value")
+ ... .has_attr(some_attribute="value"))
+ ...
+ >>> assertEqual("calculated value", my_fake.some_method())
+ >>> assertEqual("value", my_fake.some_attribute)
+
+
+Simple mock
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> my_mock = mock.Mock()
+ >>> my_mock.some_method.return_value = "value"
+ >>> assertEqual("value", my_mock.some_method())
+ >>> my_mock.some_method.assert_called_once_with()
+
+::
+
+ # Flexmock
+ mock = flexmock()
+ mock.should_receive("some_method").and_return("value").once
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_method())
+
+ # Mox
+ mock = mox.MockAnything()
+ mock.some_method().AndReturn("value")
+ mox.Replay(mock)
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_method())
+ mox.Verify(mock)
+
+ # Mocker
+ mock = mocker.mock()
+ mock.some_method()
+ mocker.result("value")
+ mocker.replay()
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_method())
+ mocker.verify()
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> my_dingus = dingus.Dingus(some_method__returns="value")
+ >>> assertEqual("value", my_dingus.some_method())
+ >>> assert my_dingus.some_method.calls().once()
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> @fudge.test
+ ... def test():
+ ... my_fake = (fudge.Fake()
+ ... .expects('some_method')
+ ... .returns("value")
+ ... .times_called(1))
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: fake:my_fake.some_method() was not called
+
+
+Creating partial mocks
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> SomeObject.some_method = mock.Mock(return_value='value')
+ >>> assertEqual("value", SomeObject.some_method())
+
+::
+
+ # Flexmock
+ flexmock(SomeObject).should_receive("some_method").and_return('value')
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_method())
+
+ # Mox
+ mock = mox.MockObject(SomeObject)
+ mock.some_method().AndReturn("value")
+ mox.Replay(mock)
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_method())
+ mox.Verify(mock)
+
+ # Mocker
+ mock = mocker.mock(SomeObject)
+ mock.Get()
+ mocker.result("value")
+ mocker.replay()
+ assertEqual("value", mock.some_method())
+ mocker.verify()
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> object = SomeObject
+ >>> object.some_method = dingus.Dingus(return_value="value")
+ >>> assertEqual("value", object.some_method())
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> fake = fudge.Fake().is_callable().returns("<fudge-value>")
+ >>> with fudge.patched_context(SomeObject, 'some_method', fake):
+ ... s = SomeObject()
+ ... assertEqual("<fudge-value>", s.some_method())
+ ...
+
+
+Ensure calls are made in specific order
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> my_mock = mock.Mock(spec=SomeObject)
+ >>> my_mock.method1()
+ <Mock name='mock.method1()' id='...'>
+ >>> my_mock.method2()
+ <Mock name='mock.method2()' id='...'>
+ >>> assertEqual(my_mock.mock_calls, [call.method1(), call.method2()])
+
+::
+
+ # Flexmock
+ mock = flexmock(SomeObject)
+ mock.should_receive('method1').once.ordered.and_return('first thing')
+ mock.should_receive('method2').once.ordered.and_return('second thing')
+
+ # Mox
+ mock = mox.MockObject(SomeObject)
+ mock.method1().AndReturn('first thing')
+ mock.method2().AndReturn('second thing')
+ mox.Replay(mock)
+ mox.Verify(mock)
+
+ # Mocker
+ mock = mocker.mock()
+ with mocker.order():
+ mock.method1()
+ mocker.result('first thing')
+ mock.method2()
+ mocker.result('second thing')
+ mocker.replay()
+ mocker.verify()
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> my_dingus = dingus.Dingus()
+ >>> my_dingus.method1()
+ <Dingus ...>
+ >>> my_dingus.method2()
+ <Dingus ...>
+ >>> assertEqual(['method1', 'method2'], [call.name for call in my_dingus.calls])
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> @fudge.test
+ ... def test():
+ ... my_fake = (fudge.Fake()
+ ... .remember_order()
+ ... .expects('method1')
+ ... .expects('method2'))
+ ... my_fake.method2()
+ ... my_fake.method1()
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: Call #1 was fake:my_fake.method2(); Expected: #1 fake:my_fake.method1(), #2 fake:my_fake.method2(), end
+
+
+Raising exceptions
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> my_mock = mock.Mock()
+ >>> my_mock.some_method.side_effect = SomeException("message")
+ >>> assertRaises(SomeException, my_mock.some_method)
+
+::
+
+ # Flexmock
+ mock = flexmock()
+ mock.should_receive("some_method").and_raise(SomeException("message"))
+ assertRaises(SomeException, mock.some_method)
+
+ # Mox
+ mock = mox.MockAnything()
+ mock.some_method().AndRaise(SomeException("message"))
+ mox.Replay(mock)
+ assertRaises(SomeException, mock.some_method)
+ mox.Verify(mock)
+
+ # Mocker
+ mock = mocker.mock()
+ mock.some_method()
+ mocker.throw(SomeException("message"))
+ mocker.replay()
+ assertRaises(SomeException, mock.some_method)
+ mocker.verify()
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> my_dingus = dingus.Dingus()
+ >>> my_dingus.some_method = dingus.exception_raiser(SomeException)
+ >>> assertRaises(SomeException, my_dingus.some_method)
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> my_fake = (fudge.Fake()
+ ... .is_callable()
+ ... .raises(SomeException("message")))
+ ...
+ >>> my_fake()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ SomeException: message
+
+
+Override new instances of a class
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> with mock.patch('somemodule.Someclass') as MockClass:
+ ... MockClass.return_value = some_other_object
+ ... assertEqual(some_other_object, somemodule.Someclass())
+ ...
+
+
+::
+
+ # Flexmock
+ flexmock(some_module.SomeClass, new_instances=some_other_object)
+ assertEqual(some_other_object, some_module.SomeClass())
+
+ # Mox
+ # (you will probably have mox.Mox() available as self.mox in a real test)
+ mox.Mox().StubOutWithMock(some_module, 'SomeClass', use_mock_anything=True)
+ some_module.SomeClass().AndReturn(some_other_object)
+ mox.ReplayAll()
+ assertEqual(some_other_object, some_module.SomeClass())
+
+ # Mocker
+ instance = mocker.mock()
+ klass = mocker.replace(SomeClass, spec=None)
+ klass('expected', 'args')
+ mocker.result(instance)
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> MockClass = dingus.Dingus(return_value=some_other_object)
+ >>> with dingus.patch('somemodule.SomeClass', MockClass):
+ ... assertEqual(some_other_object, somemodule.SomeClass())
+ ...
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> @fudge.patch('somemodule.SomeClass')
+ ... def test(FakeClass):
+ ... FakeClass.is_callable().returns(some_other_object)
+ ... assertEqual(some_other_object, somemodule.SomeClass())
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+
+
+Call the same method multiple times
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. note::
+
+ You don't need to do *any* configuration to call `mock.Mock()` methods
+ multiple times. Attributes like `call_count`, `call_args_list` and
+ `method_calls` provide various different ways of making assertions about
+ how the mock was used.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> my_mock = mock.Mock()
+ >>> my_mock.some_method()
+ <Mock name='mock.some_method()' id='...'>
+ >>> my_mock.some_method()
+ <Mock name='mock.some_method()' id='...'>
+ >>> assert my_mock.some_method.call_count >= 2
+
+::
+
+ # Flexmock # (verifies that the method gets called at least twice)
+ flexmock(some_object).should_receive('some_method').at_least.twice
+
+ # Mox
+ # (does not support variable number of calls, so you need to create a new entry for each explicit call)
+ mock = mox.MockObject(some_object)
+ mock.some_method(mox.IgnoreArg(), mox.IgnoreArg())
+ mock.some_method(mox.IgnoreArg(), mox.IgnoreArg())
+ mox.Replay(mock)
+ mox.Verify(mock)
+
+ # Mocker
+ # (TODO)
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> my_dingus = dingus.Dingus()
+ >>> my_dingus.some_method()
+ <Dingus ...>
+ >>> my_dingus.some_method()
+ <Dingus ...>
+ >>> assert len(my_dingus.calls('some_method')) == 2
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> @fudge.test
+ ... def test():
+ ... my_fake = fudge.Fake().expects('some_method').times_called(2)
+ ... my_fake.some_method()
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: fake:my_fake.some_method() was called 1 time(s). Expected 2.
+
+
+Mock chained methods
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> my_mock = mock.Mock()
+ >>> method3 = my_mock.method1.return_value.method2.return_value.method3
+ >>> method3.return_value = 'some value'
+ >>> assertEqual('some value', my_mock.method1().method2().method3(1, 2))
+ >>> method3.assert_called_once_with(1, 2)
+
+::
+
+ # Flexmock
+ # (intermediate method calls are automatically assigned to temporary fake objects
+ # and can be called with any arguments)
+ flexmock(some_object).should_receive(
+ 'method1.method2.method3'
+ ).with_args(arg1, arg2).and_return('some value')
+ assertEqual('some_value', some_object.method1().method2().method3(arg1, arg2))
+
+::
+
+ # Mox
+ mock = mox.MockObject(some_object)
+ mock2 = mox.MockAnything()
+ mock3 = mox.MockAnything()
+ mock.method1().AndReturn(mock1)
+ mock2.method2().AndReturn(mock2)
+ mock3.method3(arg1, arg2).AndReturn('some_value')
+ self.mox.ReplayAll()
+ assertEqual("some_value", some_object.method1().method2().method3(arg1, arg2))
+ self.mox.VerifyAll()
+
+ # Mocker
+ # (TODO)
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> my_dingus = dingus.Dingus()
+ >>> method3 = my_dingus.method1.return_value.method2.return_value.method3
+ >>> method3.return_value = 'some value'
+ >>> assertEqual('some value', my_dingus.method1().method2().method3(1, 2))
+ >>> assert method3.calls('()', 1, 2).once()
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> @fudge.test
+ ... def test():
+ ... my_fake = fudge.Fake()
+ ... (my_fake
+ ... .expects('method1')
+ ... .returns_fake()
+ ... .expects('method2')
+ ... .returns_fake()
+ ... .expects('method3')
+ ... .with_args(1, 2)
+ ... .returns('some value'))
+ ... assertEqual('some value', my_fake.method1().method2().method3(1, 2))
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+
+
+Mocking a context manager
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Examples for mock, Dingus and fudge only (so far):
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> my_mock = mock.MagicMock()
+ >>> with my_mock:
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> my_mock.__enter__.assert_called_with()
+ >>> my_mock.__exit__.assert_called_with(None, None, None)
+
+::
+
+
+ >>> # Dingus (nothing special here; all dinguses are "magic mocks")
+ >>> my_dingus = dingus.Dingus()
+ >>> with my_dingus:
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> assert my_dingus.__enter__.calls()
+ >>> assert my_dingus.__exit__.calls('()', None, None, None)
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> my_fake = fudge.Fake().provides('__enter__').provides('__exit__')
+ >>> with my_fake:
+ ... pass
+ ...
+
+
+Mocking the builtin open used as a context manager
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Example for mock only (so far):
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> my_mock = mock.MagicMock()
+ >>> with mock.patch('__builtin__.open', my_mock):
+ ... manager = my_mock.return_value.__enter__.return_value
+ ... manager.read.return_value = 'some data'
+ ... with open('foo') as h:
+ ... data = h.read()
+ ...
+ >>> data
+ 'some data'
+ >>> my_mock.assert_called_once_with('foo')
+
+*or*:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> # mock
+ >>> with mock.patch('__builtin__.open') as my_mock:
+ ... my_mock.return_value.__enter__ = lambda s: s
+ ... my_mock.return_value.__exit__ = mock.Mock()
+ ... my_mock.return_value.read.return_value = 'some data'
+ ... with open('foo') as h:
+ ... data = h.read()
+ ...
+ >>> data
+ 'some data'
+ >>> my_mock.assert_called_once_with('foo')
+
+::
+
+ >>> # Dingus
+ >>> my_dingus = dingus.Dingus()
+ >>> with dingus.patch('__builtin__.open', my_dingus):
+ ... file_ = open.return_value.__enter__.return_value
+ ... file_.read.return_value = 'some data'
+ ... with open('foo') as h:
+ ... data = f.read()
+ ...
+ >>> data
+ 'some data'
+ >>> assert my_dingus.calls('()', 'foo').once()
+
+::
+
+ >>> # fudge
+ >>> from contextlib import contextmanager
+ >>> from StringIO import StringIO
+ >>> @contextmanager
+ ... def fake_file(filename):
+ ... yield StringIO('sekrets')
+ ...
+ >>> with fudge.patch('__builtin__.open') as fake_open:
+ ... fake_open.is_callable().calls(fake_file)
+ ... with open('/etc/password') as f:
+ ... data = f.read()
+ ...
+ fake:__builtin__.open
+ >>> data
+ 'sekrets' \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/examples.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/examples.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ecb994b15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/examples.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,1063 @@
+.. _further-examples:
+
+==================
+ Further Examples
+==================
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+.. testsetup::
+
+ from datetime import date
+
+ BackendProvider = Mock()
+ sys.modules['mymodule'] = mymodule = Mock(name='mymodule')
+
+ def grob(val):
+ "First frob and then clear val"
+ mymodule.frob(val)
+ val.clear()
+
+ mymodule.frob = lambda val: val
+ mymodule.grob = grob
+ mymodule.date = date
+
+ class TestCase(unittest2.TestCase):
+ def run(self):
+ result = unittest2.TestResult()
+ out = unittest2.TestCase.run(self, result)
+ assert result.wasSuccessful()
+
+ from mock import inPy3k
+
+
+
+For comprehensive examples, see the unit tests included in the full source
+distribution.
+
+Here are some more examples for some slightly more advanced scenarios than in
+the :ref:`getting started <getting-started>` guide.
+
+
+Mocking chained calls
+=====================
+
+Mocking chained calls is actually straightforward with mock once you
+understand the :attr:`~Mock.return_value` attribute. When a mock is called for
+the first time, or you fetch its `return_value` before it has been called, a
+new `Mock` is created.
+
+This means that you can see how the object returned from a call to a mocked
+object has been used by interrogating the `return_value` mock:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock().foo(a=2, b=3)
+ <Mock name='mock().foo()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.return_value.foo.assert_called_with(a=2, b=3)
+
+From here it is a simple step to configure and then make assertions about
+chained calls. Of course another alternative is writing your code in a more
+testable way in the first place...
+
+So, suppose we have some code that looks a little bit like this:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Something(object):
+ ... def __init__(self):
+ ... self.backend = BackendProvider()
+ ... def method(self):
+ ... response = self.backend.get_endpoint('foobar').create_call('spam', 'eggs').start_call()
+ ... # more code
+
+Assuming that `BackendProvider` is already well tested, how do we test
+`method()`? Specifically, we want to test that the code section `# more
+code` uses the response object in the correct way.
+
+As this chain of calls is made from an instance attribute we can monkey patch
+the `backend` attribute on a `Something` instance. In this particular case
+we are only interested in the return value from the final call to
+`start_call` so we don't have much configuration to do. Let's assume the
+object it returns is 'file-like', so we'll ensure that our response object
+uses the builtin `file` as its `spec`.
+
+To do this we create a mock instance as our mock backend and create a mock
+response object for it. To set the response as the return value for that final
+`start_call` we could do this:
+
+ `mock_backend.get_endpoint.return_value.create_call.return_value.start_call.return_value = mock_response`.
+
+We can do that in a slightly nicer way using the :meth:`~Mock.configure_mock`
+method to directly set the return value for us:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> something = Something()
+ >>> mock_response = Mock(spec=file)
+ >>> mock_backend = Mock()
+ >>> config = {'get_endpoint.return_value.create_call.return_value.start_call.return_value': mock_response}
+ >>> mock_backend.configure_mock(**config)
+
+With these we monkey patch the "mock backend" in place and can make the real
+call:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> something.backend = mock_backend
+ >>> something.method()
+
+Using :attr:`~Mock.mock_calls` we can check the chained call with a single
+assert. A chained call is several calls in one line of code, so there will be
+several entries in `mock_calls`. We can use :meth:`call.call_list` to create
+this list of calls for us:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> chained = call.get_endpoint('foobar').create_call('spam', 'eggs').start_call()
+ >>> call_list = chained.call_list()
+ >>> assert mock_backend.mock_calls == call_list
+
+
+Partial mocking
+===============
+
+In some tests I wanted to mock out a call to `datetime.date.today()
+<http://docs.python.org/library/datetime.html#datetime.date.today>`_ to return
+a known date, but I didn't want to prevent the code under test from
+creating new date objects. Unfortunately `datetime.date` is written in C, and
+so I couldn't just monkey-patch out the static `date.today` method.
+
+I found a simple way of doing this that involved effectively wrapping the date
+class with a mock, but passing through calls to the constructor to the real
+class (and returning real instances).
+
+The :func:`patch decorator <patch>` is used here to
+mock out the `date` class in the module under test. The :attr:`side_effect`
+attribute on the mock date class is then set to a lambda function that returns
+a real date. When the mock date class is called a real date will be
+constructed and returned by `side_effect`.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from datetime import date
+ >>> with patch('mymodule.date') as mock_date:
+ ... mock_date.today.return_value = date(2010, 10, 8)
+ ... mock_date.side_effect = lambda *args, **kw: date(*args, **kw)
+ ...
+ ... assert mymodule.date.today() == date(2010, 10, 8)
+ ... assert mymodule.date(2009, 6, 8) == date(2009, 6, 8)
+ ...
+
+Note that we don't patch `datetime.date` globally, we patch `date` in the
+module that *uses* it. See :ref:`where to patch <where-to-patch>`.
+
+When `date.today()` is called a known date is returned, but calls to the
+`date(...)` constructor still return normal dates. Without this you can find
+yourself having to calculate an expected result using exactly the same
+algorithm as the code under test, which is a classic testing anti-pattern.
+
+Calls to the date constructor are recorded in the `mock_date` attributes
+(`call_count` and friends) which may also be useful for your tests.
+
+An alternative way of dealing with mocking dates, or other builtin classes,
+is discussed in `this blog entry
+<http://williamjohnbert.com/2011/07/how-to-unit-testing-in-django-with-mocking-and-patching/>`_.
+
+
+Mocking a Generator Method
+==========================
+
+A Python generator is a function or method that uses the `yield statement
+<http://docs.python.org/reference/simple_stmts.html#the-yield-statement>`_ to
+return a series of values when iterated over [#]_.
+
+A generator method / function is called to return the generator object. It is
+the generator object that is then iterated over. The protocol method for
+iteration is `__iter__
+<http://docs.python.org/library/stdtypes.html#container.__iter__>`_, so we can
+mock this using a `MagicMock`.
+
+Here's an example class with an "iter" method implemented as a generator:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Foo(object):
+ ... def iter(self):
+ ... for i in [1, 2, 3]:
+ ... yield i
+ ...
+ >>> foo = Foo()
+ >>> list(foo.iter())
+ [1, 2, 3]
+
+
+How would we mock this class, and in particular its "iter" method?
+
+To configure the values returned from the iteration (implicit in the call to
+`list`), we need to configure the object returned by the call to `foo.iter()`.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock_foo = MagicMock()
+ >>> mock_foo.iter.return_value = iter([1, 2, 3])
+ >>> list(mock_foo.iter())
+ [1, 2, 3]
+
+.. [#] There are also generator expressions and more `advanced uses
+ <http://www.dabeaz.com/coroutines/index.html>`_ of generators, but we aren't
+ concerned about them here. A very good introduction to generators and how
+ powerful they are is: `Generator Tricks for Systems Programmers
+ <http://www.dabeaz.com/generators/>`_.
+
+
+Applying the same patch to every test method
+============================================
+
+If you want several patches in place for multiple test methods the obvious way
+is to apply the patch decorators to every method. This can feel like unnecessary
+repetition. For Python 2.6 or more recent you can use `patch` (in all its
+various forms) as a class decorator. This applies the patches to all test
+methods on the class. A test method is identified by methods whose names start
+with `test`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> @patch('mymodule.SomeClass')
+ ... class MyTest(TestCase):
+ ...
+ ... def test_one(self, MockSomeClass):
+ ... self.assertTrue(mymodule.SomeClass is MockSomeClass)
+ ...
+ ... def test_two(self, MockSomeClass):
+ ... self.assertTrue(mymodule.SomeClass is MockSomeClass)
+ ...
+ ... def not_a_test(self):
+ ... return 'something'
+ ...
+ >>> MyTest('test_one').test_one()
+ >>> MyTest('test_two').test_two()
+ >>> MyTest('test_two').not_a_test()
+ 'something'
+
+An alternative way of managing patches is to use the :ref:`start-and-stop`.
+These allow you to move the patching into your `setUp` and `tearDown` methods.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(TestCase):
+ ... def setUp(self):
+ ... self.patcher = patch('mymodule.foo')
+ ... self.mock_foo = self.patcher.start()
+ ...
+ ... def test_foo(self):
+ ... self.assertTrue(mymodule.foo is self.mock_foo)
+ ...
+ ... def tearDown(self):
+ ... self.patcher.stop()
+ ...
+ >>> MyTest('test_foo').run()
+
+If you use this technique you must ensure that the patching is "undone" by
+calling `stop`. This can be fiddlier than you might think, because if an
+exception is raised in the setUp then tearDown is not called. `unittest2
+<http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2>`_ cleanup functions make this simpler:
+
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(TestCase):
+ ... def setUp(self):
+ ... patcher = patch('mymodule.foo')
+ ... self.addCleanup(patcher.stop)
+ ... self.mock_foo = patcher.start()
+ ...
+ ... def test_foo(self):
+ ... self.assertTrue(mymodule.foo is self.mock_foo)
+ ...
+ >>> MyTest('test_foo').run()
+
+
+Mocking Unbound Methods
+=======================
+
+Whilst writing tests today I needed to patch an *unbound method* (patching the
+method on the class rather than on the instance). I needed self to be passed
+in as the first argument because I want to make asserts about which objects
+were calling this particular method. The issue is that you can't patch with a
+mock for this, because if you replace an unbound method with a mock it doesn't
+become a bound method when fetched from the instance, and so it doesn't get
+self passed in. The workaround is to patch the unbound method with a real
+function instead. The :func:`patch` decorator makes it so simple to
+patch out methods with a mock that having to create a real function becomes a
+nuisance.
+
+If you pass `autospec=True` to patch then it does the patching with a
+*real* function object. This function object has the same signature as the one
+it is replacing, but delegates to a mock under the hood. You still get your
+mock auto-created in exactly the same way as before. What it means though, is
+that if you use it to patch out an unbound method on a class the mocked
+function will be turned into a bound method if it is fetched from an instance.
+It will have `self` passed in as the first argument, which is exactly what I
+wanted:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Foo(object):
+ ... def foo(self):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> with patch.object(Foo, 'foo', autospec=True) as mock_foo:
+ ... mock_foo.return_value = 'foo'
+ ... foo = Foo()
+ ... foo.foo()
+ ...
+ 'foo'
+ >>> mock_foo.assert_called_once_with(foo)
+
+If we don't use `autospec=True` then the unbound method is patched out
+with a Mock instance instead, and isn't called with `self`.
+
+
+Checking multiple calls with mock
+=================================
+
+mock has a nice API for making assertions about how your mock objects are used.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.foo_bar.return_value = None
+ >>> mock.foo_bar('baz', spam='eggs')
+ >>> mock.foo_bar.assert_called_with('baz', spam='eggs')
+
+If your mock is only being called once you can use the
+:meth:`assert_called_once_with` method that also asserts that the
+:attr:`call_count` is one.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock.foo_bar.assert_called_once_with('baz', spam='eggs')
+ >>> mock.foo_bar()
+ >>> mock.foo_bar.assert_called_once_with('baz', spam='eggs')
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: Expected to be called once. Called 2 times.
+
+Both `assert_called_with` and `assert_called_once_with` make assertions about
+the *most recent* call. If your mock is going to be called several times, and
+you want to make assertions about *all* those calls you can use
+:attr:`~Mock.call_args_list`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock(1, 2, 3)
+ >>> mock(4, 5, 6)
+ >>> mock()
+ >>> mock.call_args_list
+ [call(1, 2, 3), call(4, 5, 6), call()]
+
+The :data:`call` helper makes it easy to make assertions about these calls. You
+can build up a list of expected calls and compare it to `call_args_list`. This
+looks remarkably similar to the repr of the `call_args_list`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> expected = [call(1, 2, 3), call(4, 5, 6), call()]
+ >>> mock.call_args_list == expected
+ True
+
+
+Coping with mutable arguments
+=============================
+
+Another situation is rare, but can bite you, is when your mock is called with
+mutable arguments. `call_args` and `call_args_list` store *references* to the
+arguments. If the arguments are mutated by the code under test then you can no
+longer make assertions about what the values were when the mock was called.
+
+Here's some example code that shows the problem. Imagine the following functions
+defined in 'mymodule'::
+
+ def frob(val):
+ pass
+
+ def grob(val):
+ "First frob and then clear val"
+ frob(val)
+ val.clear()
+
+When we try to test that `grob` calls `frob` with the correct argument look
+what happens:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> with patch('mymodule.frob') as mock_frob:
+ ... val = set([6])
+ ... mymodule.grob(val)
+ ...
+ >>> val
+ set([])
+ >>> mock_frob.assert_called_with(set([6]))
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: Expected: ((set([6]),), {})
+ Called with: ((set([]),), {})
+
+One possibility would be for mock to copy the arguments you pass in. This
+could then cause problems if you do assertions that rely on object identity
+for equality.
+
+Here's one solution that uses the :attr:`side_effect`
+functionality. If you provide a `side_effect` function for a mock then
+`side_effect` will be called with the same args as the mock. This gives us an
+opportunity to copy the arguments and store them for later assertions. In this
+example I'm using *another* mock to store the arguments so that I can use the
+mock methods for doing the assertion. Again a helper function sets this up for
+me.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from copy import deepcopy
+ >>> from mock import Mock, patch, DEFAULT
+ >>> def copy_call_args(mock):
+ ... new_mock = Mock()
+ ... def side_effect(*args, **kwargs):
+ ... args = deepcopy(args)
+ ... kwargs = deepcopy(kwargs)
+ ... new_mock(*args, **kwargs)
+ ... return DEFAULT
+ ... mock.side_effect = side_effect
+ ... return new_mock
+ ...
+ >>> with patch('mymodule.frob') as mock_frob:
+ ... new_mock = copy_call_args(mock_frob)
+ ... val = set([6])
+ ... mymodule.grob(val)
+ ...
+ >>> new_mock.assert_called_with(set([6]))
+ >>> new_mock.call_args
+ call(set([6]))
+
+`copy_call_args` is called with the mock that will be called. It returns a new
+mock that we do the assertion on. The `side_effect` function makes a copy of
+the args and calls our `new_mock` with the copy.
+
+.. note::
+
+ If your mock is only going to be used once there is an easier way of
+ checking arguments at the point they are called. You can simply do the
+ checking inside a `side_effect` function.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> def side_effect(arg):
+ ... assert arg == set([6])
+ ...
+ >>> mock = Mock(side_effect=side_effect)
+ >>> mock(set([6]))
+ >>> mock(set())
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError
+
+An alternative approach is to create a subclass of `Mock` or `MagicMock` that
+copies (using `copy.deepcopy
+<http://docs.python.org/library/copy.html#copy.deepcopy>`_) the arguments.
+Here's an example implementation:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from copy import deepcopy
+ >>> class CopyingMock(MagicMock):
+ ... def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+ ... args = deepcopy(args)
+ ... kwargs = deepcopy(kwargs)
+ ... return super(CopyingMock, self).__call__(*args, **kwargs)
+ ...
+ >>> c = CopyingMock(return_value=None)
+ >>> arg = set()
+ >>> c(arg)
+ >>> arg.add(1)
+ >>> c.assert_called_with(set())
+ >>> c.assert_called_with(arg)
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: Expected call: mock(set([1]))
+ Actual call: mock(set([]))
+ >>> c.foo
+ <CopyingMock name='mock.foo' id='...'>
+
+When you subclass `Mock` or `MagicMock` all dynamically created attributes,
+and the `return_value` will use your subclass automatically. That means all
+children of a `CopyingMock` will also have the type `CopyingMock`.
+
+
+Raising exceptions on attribute access
+======================================
+
+You can use :class:`PropertyMock` to mimic the behaviour of properties. This
+includes raising exceptions when an attribute is accessed.
+
+Here's an example raising a `ValueError` when the 'foo' attribute is accessed:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock()
+ >>> p = PropertyMock(side_effect=ValueError)
+ >>> type(m).foo = p
+ >>> m.foo
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ....
+ ValueError
+
+Because every mock object has its own type, a new subclass of whichever mock
+class you're using, all mock objects are isolated from each other. You can
+safely attach properties (or other descriptors or whatever you want in fact)
+to `type(mock)` without affecting other mock objects.
+
+
+Multiple calls with different effects
+=====================================
+
+.. note::
+
+ In mock 1.0 the handling of iterable `side_effect` was changed. Any
+ exceptions in the iterable will be raised instead of returned.
+
+Handling code that needs to behave differently on subsequent calls during the
+test can be tricky. For example you may have a function that needs to raise
+an exception the first time it is called but returns a response on the second
+call (testing retry behaviour).
+
+One approach is to use a :attr:`side_effect` function that replaces itself. The
+first time it is called the `side_effect` sets a new `side_effect` that will
+be used for the second call. It then raises an exception:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> def side_effect(*args):
+ ... def second_call(*args):
+ ... return 'response'
+ ... mock.side_effect = second_call
+ ... raise Exception('boom')
+ ...
+ >>> mock = Mock(side_effect=side_effect)
+ >>> mock('first')
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ Exception: boom
+ >>> mock('second')
+ 'response'
+ >>> mock.assert_called_with('second')
+
+Another perfectly valid way would be to pop return values from a list. If the
+return value is an exception, raise it instead of returning it:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> returns = [Exception('boom'), 'response']
+ >>> def side_effect(*args):
+ ... result = returns.pop(0)
+ ... if isinstance(result, Exception):
+ ... raise result
+ ... return result
+ ...
+ >>> mock = Mock(side_effect=side_effect)
+ >>> mock('first')
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ Exception: boom
+ >>> mock('second')
+ 'response'
+ >>> mock.assert_called_with('second')
+
+Which approach you prefer is a matter of taste. The first approach is actually
+a line shorter but maybe the second approach is more readable.
+
+
+Nesting Patches
+===============
+
+Using patch as a context manager is nice, but if you do multiple patches you
+can end up with nested with statements indenting further and further to the
+right:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(TestCase):
+ ...
+ ... def test_foo(self):
+ ... with patch('mymodule.Foo') as mock_foo:
+ ... with patch('mymodule.Bar') as mock_bar:
+ ... with patch('mymodule.Spam') as mock_spam:
+ ... assert mymodule.Foo is mock_foo
+ ... assert mymodule.Bar is mock_bar
+ ... assert mymodule.Spam is mock_spam
+ ...
+ >>> original = mymodule.Foo
+ >>> MyTest('test_foo').test_foo()
+ >>> assert mymodule.Foo is original
+
+With unittest2_ `cleanup` functions and the :ref:`start-and-stop` we can
+achieve the same effect without the nested indentation. A simple helper
+method, `create_patch`, puts the patch in place and returns the created mock
+for us:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(TestCase):
+ ...
+ ... def create_patch(self, name):
+ ... patcher = patch(name)
+ ... thing = patcher.start()
+ ... self.addCleanup(patcher.stop)
+ ... return thing
+ ...
+ ... def test_foo(self):
+ ... mock_foo = self.create_patch('mymodule.Foo')
+ ... mock_bar = self.create_patch('mymodule.Bar')
+ ... mock_spam = self.create_patch('mymodule.Spam')
+ ...
+ ... assert mymodule.Foo is mock_foo
+ ... assert mymodule.Bar is mock_bar
+ ... assert mymodule.Spam is mock_spam
+ ...
+ >>> original = mymodule.Foo
+ >>> MyTest('test_foo').run()
+ >>> assert mymodule.Foo is original
+
+
+Mocking a dictionary with MagicMock
+===================================
+
+You may want to mock a dictionary, or other container object, recording all
+access to it whilst having it still behave like a dictionary.
+
+We can do this with :class:`MagicMock`, which will behave like a dictionary,
+and using :data:`~Mock.side_effect` to delegate dictionary access to a real
+underlying dictionary that is under our control.
+
+When the `__getitem__` and `__setitem__` methods of our `MagicMock` are called
+(normal dictionary access) then `side_effect` is called with the key (and in
+the case of `__setitem__` the value too). We can also control what is returned.
+
+After the `MagicMock` has been used we can use attributes like
+:data:`~Mock.call_args_list` to assert about how the dictionary was used:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
+ >>> def getitem(name):
+ ... return my_dict[name]
+ ...
+ >>> def setitem(name, val):
+ ... my_dict[name] = val
+ ...
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> mock.__getitem__.side_effect = getitem
+ >>> mock.__setitem__.side_effect = setitem
+
+.. note::
+
+ An alternative to using `MagicMock` is to use `Mock` and *only* provide
+ the magic methods you specifically want:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__setitem__ = Mock(side_effect=getitem)
+ >>> mock.__getitem__ = Mock(side_effect=setitem)
+
+ A *third* option is to use `MagicMock` but passing in `dict` as the `spec`
+ (or `spec_set`) argument so that the `MagicMock` created only has
+ dictionary magic methods available:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock(spec_set=dict)
+ >>> mock.__getitem__.side_effect = getitem
+ >>> mock.__setitem__.side_effect = setitem
+
+With these side effect functions in place, the `mock` will behave like a normal
+dictionary but recording the access. It even raises a `KeyError` if you try
+to access a key that doesn't exist.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock['a']
+ 1
+ >>> mock['c']
+ 3
+ >>> mock['d']
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError: 'd'
+ >>> mock['b'] = 'fish'
+ >>> mock['d'] = 'eggs'
+ >>> mock['b']
+ 'fish'
+ >>> mock['d']
+ 'eggs'
+
+After it has been used you can make assertions about the access using the normal
+mock methods and attributes:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock.__getitem__.call_args_list
+ [call('a'), call('c'), call('d'), call('b'), call('d')]
+ >>> mock.__setitem__.call_args_list
+ [call('b', 'fish'), call('d', 'eggs')]
+ >>> my_dict
+ {'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 'fish', 'd': 'eggs'}
+
+
+Mock subclasses and their attributes
+====================================
+
+There are various reasons why you might want to subclass `Mock`. One reason
+might be to add helper methods. Here's a silly example:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyMock(MagicMock):
+ ... def has_been_called(self):
+ ... return self.called
+ ...
+ >>> mymock = MyMock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mymock
+ <MyMock id='...'>
+ >>> mymock.has_been_called()
+ False
+ >>> mymock()
+ >>> mymock.has_been_called()
+ True
+
+The standard behaviour for `Mock` instances is that attributes and the return
+value mocks are of the same type as the mock they are accessed on. This ensures
+that `Mock` attributes are `Mocks` and `MagicMock` attributes are `MagicMocks`
+[#]_. So if you're subclassing to add helper methods then they'll also be
+available on the attributes and return value mock of instances of your
+subclass.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mymock.foo
+ <MyMock name='mock.foo' id='...'>
+ >>> mymock.foo.has_been_called()
+ False
+ >>> mymock.foo()
+ <MyMock name='mock.foo()' id='...'>
+ >>> mymock.foo.has_been_called()
+ True
+
+Sometimes this is inconvenient. For example, `one user
+<https://code.google.com/p/mock/issues/detail?id=105>`_ is subclassing mock to
+created a `Twisted adaptor
+<http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/11.0.0/api/twisted.python.components.html>`_.
+Having this applied to attributes too actually causes errors.
+
+`Mock` (in all its flavours) uses a method called `_get_child_mock` to create
+these "sub-mocks" for attributes and return values. You can prevent your
+subclass being used for attributes by overriding this method. The signature is
+that it takes arbitrary keyword arguments (`**kwargs`) which are then passed
+onto the mock constructor:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Subclass(MagicMock):
+ ... def _get_child_mock(self, **kwargs):
+ ... return MagicMock(**kwargs)
+ ...
+ >>> mymock = Subclass()
+ >>> mymock.foo
+ <MagicMock name='mock.foo' id='...'>
+ >>> assert isinstance(mymock, Subclass)
+ >>> assert not isinstance(mymock.foo, Subclass)
+ >>> assert not isinstance(mymock(), Subclass)
+
+.. [#] An exception to this rule are the non-callable mocks. Attributes use the
+ callable variant because otherwise non-callable mocks couldn't have callable
+ methods.
+
+
+Mocking imports with patch.dict
+===============================
+
+One situation where mocking can be hard is where you have a local import inside
+a function. These are harder to mock because they aren't using an object from
+the module namespace that we can patch out.
+
+Generally local imports are to be avoided. They are sometimes done to prevent
+circular dependencies, for which there is *usually* a much better way to solve
+the problem (refactor the code) or to prevent "up front costs" by delaying the
+import. This can also be solved in better ways than an unconditional local
+import (store the module as a class or module attribute and only do the import
+on first use).
+
+That aside there is a way to use `mock` to affect the results of an import.
+Importing fetches an *object* from the `sys.modules` dictionary. Note that it
+fetches an *object*, which need not be a module. Importing a module for the
+first time results in a module object being put in `sys.modules`, so usually
+when you import something you get a module back. This need not be the case
+however.
+
+This means you can use :func:`patch.dict` to *temporarily* put a mock in place
+in `sys.modules`. Any imports whilst this patch is active will fetch the mock.
+When the patch is complete (the decorated function exits, the with statement
+body is complete or `patcher.stop()` is called) then whatever was there
+previously will be restored safely.
+
+Here's an example that mocks out the 'fooble' module.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> with patch.dict('sys.modules', {'fooble': mock}):
+ ... import fooble
+ ... fooble.blob()
+ ...
+ <Mock name='mock.blob()' id='...'>
+ >>> assert 'fooble' not in sys.modules
+ >>> mock.blob.assert_called_once_with()
+
+As you can see the `import fooble` succeeds, but on exit there is no 'fooble'
+left in `sys.modules`.
+
+This also works for the `from module import name` form:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> with patch.dict('sys.modules', {'fooble': mock}):
+ ... from fooble import blob
+ ... blob.blip()
+ ...
+ <Mock name='mock.blob.blip()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.blob.blip.assert_called_once_with()
+
+With slightly more work you can also mock package imports:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> modules = {'package': mock, 'package.module': mock.module}
+ >>> with patch.dict('sys.modules', modules):
+ ... from package.module import fooble
+ ... fooble()
+ ...
+ <Mock name='mock.module.fooble()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.module.fooble.assert_called_once_with()
+
+
+Tracking order of calls and less verbose call assertions
+========================================================
+
+The :class:`Mock` class allows you to track the *order* of method calls on
+your mock objects through the :attr:`~Mock.method_calls` attribute. This
+doesn't allow you to track the order of calls between separate mock objects,
+however we can use :attr:`~Mock.mock_calls` to achieve the same effect.
+
+Because mocks track calls to child mocks in `mock_calls`, and accessing an
+arbitrary attribute of a mock creates a child mock, we can create our separate
+mocks from a parent one. Calls to those child mock will then all be recorded,
+in order, in the `mock_calls` of the parent:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> manager = Mock()
+ >>> mock_foo = manager.foo
+ >>> mock_bar = manager.bar
+
+ >>> mock_foo.something()
+ <Mock name='mock.foo.something()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock_bar.other.thing()
+ <Mock name='mock.bar.other.thing()' id='...'>
+
+ >>> manager.mock_calls
+ [call.foo.something(), call.bar.other.thing()]
+
+We can then assert about the calls, including the order, by comparing with
+the `mock_calls` attribute on the manager mock:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> expected_calls = [call.foo.something(), call.bar.other.thing()]
+ >>> manager.mock_calls == expected_calls
+ True
+
+If `patch` is creating, and putting in place, your mocks then you can attach
+them to a manager mock using the :meth:`~Mock.attach_mock` method. After
+attaching calls will be recorded in `mock_calls` of the manager.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> manager = MagicMock()
+ >>> with patch('mymodule.Class1') as MockClass1:
+ ... with patch('mymodule.Class2') as MockClass2:
+ ... manager.attach_mock(MockClass1, 'MockClass1')
+ ... manager.attach_mock(MockClass2, 'MockClass2')
+ ... MockClass1().foo()
+ ... MockClass2().bar()
+ ...
+ <MagicMock name='mock.MockClass1().foo()' id='...'>
+ <MagicMock name='mock.MockClass2().bar()' id='...'>
+ >>> manager.mock_calls
+ [call.MockClass1(),
+ call.MockClass1().foo(),
+ call.MockClass2(),
+ call.MockClass2().bar()]
+
+If many calls have been made, but you're only interested in a particular
+sequence of them then an alternative is to use the
+:meth:`~Mock.assert_has_calls` method. This takes a list of calls (constructed
+with the :data:`call` object). If that sequence of calls are in
+:attr:`~Mock.mock_calls` then the assert succeeds.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock()
+ >>> m().foo().bar().baz()
+ <MagicMock name='mock().foo().bar().baz()' id='...'>
+ >>> m.one().two().three()
+ <MagicMock name='mock.one().two().three()' id='...'>
+ >>> calls = call.one().two().three().call_list()
+ >>> m.assert_has_calls(calls)
+
+Even though the chained call `m.one().two().three()` aren't the only calls that
+have been made to the mock, the assert still succeeds.
+
+Sometimes a mock may have several calls made to it, and you are only interested
+in asserting about *some* of those calls. You may not even care about the
+order. In this case you can pass `any_order=True` to `assert_has_calls`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock()
+ >>> m(1), m.two(2, 3), m.seven(7), m.fifty('50')
+ (...)
+ >>> calls = [call.fifty('50'), call(1), call.seven(7)]
+ >>> m.assert_has_calls(calls, any_order=True)
+
+
+More complex argument matching
+==============================
+
+Using the same basic concept as `ANY` we can implement matchers to do more
+complex assertions on objects used as arguments to mocks.
+
+Suppose we expect some object to be passed to a mock that by default
+compares equal based on object identity (which is the Python default for user
+defined classes). To use :meth:`~Mock.assert_called_with` we would need to pass
+in the exact same object. If we are only interested in some of the attributes
+of this object then we can create a matcher that will check these attributes
+for us.
+
+You can see in this example how a 'standard' call to `assert_called_with` isn't
+sufficient:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Foo(object):
+ ... def __init__(self, a, b):
+ ... self.a, self.b = a, b
+ ...
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock(Foo(1, 2))
+ >>> mock.assert_called_with(Foo(1, 2))
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: Expected: call(<__main__.Foo object at 0x...>)
+ Actual call: call(<__main__.Foo object at 0x...>)
+
+A comparison function for our `Foo` class might look something like this:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> def compare(self, other):
+ ... if not type(self) == type(other):
+ ... return False
+ ... if self.a != other.a:
+ ... return False
+ ... if self.b != other.b:
+ ... return False
+ ... return True
+ ...
+
+And a matcher object that can use comparison functions like this for its
+equality operation would look something like this:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Matcher(object):
+ ... def __init__(self, compare, some_obj):
+ ... self.compare = compare
+ ... self.some_obj = some_obj
+ ... def __eq__(self, other):
+ ... return self.compare(self.some_obj, other)
+ ...
+
+Putting all this together:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> match_foo = Matcher(compare, Foo(1, 2))
+ >>> mock.assert_called_with(match_foo)
+
+The `Matcher` is instantiated with our compare function and the `Foo` object
+we want to compare against. In `assert_called_with` the `Matcher` equality
+method will be called, which compares the object the mock was called with
+against the one we created our matcher with. If they match then
+`assert_called_with` passes, and if they don't an `AssertionError` is raised:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> match_wrong = Matcher(compare, Foo(3, 4))
+ >>> mock.assert_called_with(match_wrong)
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: Expected: ((<Matcher object at 0x...>,), {})
+ Called with: ((<Foo object at 0x...>,), {})
+
+With a bit of tweaking you could have the comparison function raise the
+`AssertionError` directly and provide a more useful failure message.
+
+As of version 1.5, the Python testing library `PyHamcrest
+<http://pypi.python.org/pypi/PyHamcrest>`_ provides similar functionality,
+that may be useful here, in the form of its equality matcher
+(`hamcrest.library.integration.match_equality
+<http://packages.python.org/PyHamcrest/integration.html#hamcrest.library.integration.match_equality>`_).
+
+
+Less verbose configuration of mock objects
+==========================================
+
+This recipe, for easier configuration of mock objects, is now part of `Mock`.
+See the :meth:`~Mock.configure_mock` method.
+
+
+Matching any argument in assertions
+===================================
+
+This example is now built in to mock. See :data:`ANY`.
+
+
+Mocking Properties
+==================
+
+This example is now built in to mock. See :class:`PropertyMock`.
+
+
+Mocking open
+============
+
+This example is now built in to mock. See :func:`mock_open`.
+
+
+Mocks without some attributes
+=============================
+
+This example is now built in to mock. See :ref:`deleting-attributes`.
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/getting-started.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/getting-started.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1b5d289eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/getting-started.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,479 @@
+===========================
+ Getting Started with Mock
+===========================
+
+.. _getting-started:
+
+.. index:: Getting Started
+
+.. testsetup::
+
+ class SomeClass(object):
+ static_method = None
+ class_method = None
+ attribute = None
+
+ sys.modules['package'] = package = Mock(name='package')
+ sys.modules['package.module'] = module = package.module
+ sys.modules['module'] = package.module
+
+
+Using Mock
+==========
+
+Mock Patching Methods
+---------------------
+
+Common uses for :class:`Mock` objects include:
+
+* Patching methods
+* Recording method calls on objects
+
+You might want to replace a method on an object to check that
+it is called with the correct arguments by another part of the system:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> real = SomeClass()
+ >>> real.method = MagicMock(name='method')
+ >>> real.method(3, 4, 5, key='value')
+ <MagicMock name='method()' id='...'>
+
+Once our mock has been used (`real.method` in this example) it has methods
+and attributes that allow you to make assertions about how it has been used.
+
+.. note::
+
+ In most of these examples the :class:`Mock` and :class:`MagicMock` classes
+ are interchangeable. As the `MagicMock` is the more capable class it makes
+ a sensible one to use by default.
+
+Once the mock has been called its :attr:`~Mock.called` attribute is set to
+`True`. More importantly we can use the :meth:`~Mock.assert_called_with` or
+:meth:`~Mock.assert_called_once_with` method to check that it was called with
+the correct arguments.
+
+This example tests that calling `ProductionClass().method` results in a call to
+the `something` method:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from mock import MagicMock
+ >>> class ProductionClass(object):
+ ... def method(self):
+ ... self.something(1, 2, 3)
+ ... def something(self, a, b, c):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> real = ProductionClass()
+ >>> real.something = MagicMock()
+ >>> real.method()
+ >>> real.something.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
+
+
+
+Mock for Method Calls on an Object
+----------------------------------
+
+In the last example we patched a method directly on an object to check that it
+was called correctly. Another common use case is to pass an object into a
+method (or some part of the system under test) and then check that it is used
+in the correct way.
+
+The simple `ProductionClass` below has a `closer` method. If it is called with
+an object then it calls `close` on it.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class ProductionClass(object):
+ ... def closer(self, something):
+ ... something.close()
+ ...
+
+So to test it we need to pass in an object with a `close` method and check
+that it was called correctly.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> real = ProductionClass()
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> real.closer(mock)
+ >>> mock.close.assert_called_with()
+
+We don't have to do any work to provide the 'close' method on our mock.
+Accessing close creates it. So, if 'close' hasn't already been called then
+accessing it in the test will create it, but :meth:`~Mock.assert_called_with`
+will raise a failure exception.
+
+
+Mocking Classes
+---------------
+
+A common use case is to mock out classes instantiated by your code under test.
+When you patch a class, then that class is replaced with a mock. Instances
+are created by *calling the class*. This means you access the "mock instance"
+by looking at the return value of the mocked class.
+
+In the example below we have a function `some_function` that instantiates `Foo`
+and calls a method on it. The call to `patch` replaces the class `Foo` with a
+mock. The `Foo` instance is the result of calling the mock, so it is configured
+by modifying the mock :attr:`~Mock.return_value`.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> def some_function():
+ ... instance = module.Foo()
+ ... return instance.method()
+ ...
+ >>> with patch('module.Foo') as mock:
+ ... instance = mock.return_value
+ ... instance.method.return_value = 'the result'
+ ... result = some_function()
+ ... assert result == 'the result'
+
+
+Naming your mocks
+-----------------
+
+It can be useful to give your mocks a name. The name is shown in the repr of
+the mock and can be helpful when the mock appears in test failure messages. The
+name is also propagated to attributes or methods of the mock:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock(name='foo')
+ >>> mock
+ <MagicMock name='foo' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.method
+ <MagicMock name='foo.method' id='...'>
+
+
+Tracking all Calls
+------------------
+
+Often you want to track more than a single call to a method. The
+:attr:`~Mock.mock_calls` attribute records all calls
+to child attributes of the mock - and also to their children.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> mock.method()
+ <MagicMock name='mock.method()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.attribute.method(10, x=53)
+ <MagicMock name='mock.attribute.method()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.mock_calls
+ [call.method(), call.attribute.method(10, x=53)]
+
+If you make an assertion about `mock_calls` and any unexpected methods
+have been called, then the assertion will fail. This is useful because as well
+as asserting that the calls you expected have been made, you are also checking
+that they were made in the right order and with no additional calls:
+
+You use the :data:`call` object to construct lists for comparing with
+`mock_calls`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> expected = [call.method(), call.attribute.method(10, x=53)]
+ >>> mock.mock_calls == expected
+ True
+
+
+Setting Return Values and Attributes
+------------------------------------
+
+Setting the return values on a mock object is trivially easy:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.return_value = 3
+ >>> mock()
+ 3
+
+Of course you can do the same for methods on the mock:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.method.return_value = 3
+ >>> mock.method()
+ 3
+
+The return value can also be set in the constructor:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=3)
+ >>> mock()
+ 3
+
+If you need an attribute setting on your mock, just do it:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.x = 3
+ >>> mock.x
+ 3
+
+Sometimes you want to mock up a more complex situation, like for example
+`mock.connection.cursor().execute("SELECT 1")`. If we wanted this call to
+return a list, then we have to configure the result of the nested call.
+
+We can use :data:`call` to construct the set of calls in a "chained call" like
+this for easy assertion afterwards:
+
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> cursor = mock.connection.cursor.return_value
+ >>> cursor.execute.return_value = ['foo']
+ >>> mock.connection.cursor().execute("SELECT 1")
+ ['foo']
+ >>> expected = call.connection.cursor().execute("SELECT 1").call_list()
+ >>> mock.mock_calls
+ [call.connection.cursor(), call.connection.cursor().execute('SELECT 1')]
+ >>> mock.mock_calls == expected
+ True
+
+It is the call to `.call_list()` that turns our call object into a list of
+calls representing the chained calls.
+
+
+
+Raising exceptions with mocks
+-----------------------------
+
+A useful attribute is :attr:`~Mock.side_effect`. If you set this to an
+exception class or instance then the exception will be raised when the mock
+is called.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(side_effect=Exception('Boom!'))
+ >>> mock()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ Exception: Boom!
+
+
+Side effect functions and iterables
+-----------------------------------
+
+`side_effect` can also be set to a function or an iterable. The use case for
+`side_effect` as an iterable is where your mock is going to be called several
+times, and you want each call to return a different value. When you set
+`side_effect` to an iterable every call to the mock returns the next value
+from the iterable:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock(side_effect=[4, 5, 6])
+ >>> mock()
+ 4
+ >>> mock()
+ 5
+ >>> mock()
+ 6
+
+
+For more advanced use cases, like dynamically varying the return values
+depending on what the mock is called with, `side_effect` can be a function.
+The function will be called with the same arguments as the mock. Whatever the
+function returns is what the call returns:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> vals = {(1, 2): 1, (2, 3): 2}
+ >>> def side_effect(*args):
+ ... return vals[args]
+ ...
+ >>> mock = MagicMock(side_effect=side_effect)
+ >>> mock(1, 2)
+ 1
+ >>> mock(2, 3)
+ 2
+
+
+Creating a Mock from an Existing Object
+---------------------------------------
+
+One problem with over use of mocking is that it couples your tests to the
+implementation of your mocks rather than your real code. Suppose you have a
+class that implements `some_method`. In a test for another class, you
+provide a mock of this object that *also* provides `some_method`. If later
+you refactor the first class, so that it no longer has `some_method` - then
+your tests will continue to pass even though your code is now broken!
+
+`Mock` allows you to provide an object as a specification for the mock,
+using the `spec` keyword argument. Accessing methods / attributes on the
+mock that don't exist on your specification object will immediately raise an
+attribute error. If you change the implementation of your specification, then
+tests that use that class will start failing immediately without you having to
+instantiate the class in those tests.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(spec=SomeClass)
+ >>> mock.old_method()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AttributeError: object has no attribute 'old_method'
+
+If you want a stronger form of specification that prevents the setting
+of arbitrary attributes as well as the getting of them then you can use
+`spec_set` instead of `spec`.
+
+
+
+Patch Decorators
+================
+
+.. note::
+
+ With `patch` it matters that you patch objects in the namespace where they
+ are looked up. This is normally straightforward, but for a quick guide
+ read :ref:`where to patch <where-to-patch>`.
+
+
+A common need in tests is to patch a class attribute or a module attribute,
+for example patching a builtin or patching a class in a module to test that it
+is instantiated. Modules and classes are effectively global, so patching on
+them has to be undone after the test or the patch will persist into other
+tests and cause hard to diagnose problems.
+
+mock provides three convenient decorators for this: `patch`, `patch.object` and
+`patch.dict`. `patch` takes a single string, of the form
+`package.module.Class.attribute` to specify the attribute you are patching. It
+also optionally takes a value that you want the attribute (or class or
+whatever) to be replaced with. 'patch.object' takes an object and the name of
+the attribute you would like patched, plus optionally the value to patch it
+with.
+
+`patch.object`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> original = SomeClass.attribute
+ >>> @patch.object(SomeClass, 'attribute', sentinel.attribute)
+ ... def test():
+ ... assert SomeClass.attribute == sentinel.attribute
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+ >>> assert SomeClass.attribute == original
+
+ >>> @patch('package.module.attribute', sentinel.attribute)
+ ... def test():
+ ... from package.module import attribute
+ ... assert attribute is sentinel.attribute
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+
+If you are patching a module (including `__builtin__`) then use `patch`
+instead of `patch.object`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock(return_value = sentinel.file_handle)
+ >>> with patch('__builtin__.open', mock):
+ ... handle = open('filename', 'r')
+ ...
+ >>> mock.assert_called_with('filename', 'r')
+ >>> assert handle == sentinel.file_handle, "incorrect file handle returned"
+
+The module name can be 'dotted', in the form `package.module` if needed:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> @patch('package.module.ClassName.attribute', sentinel.attribute)
+ ... def test():
+ ... from package.module import ClassName
+ ... assert ClassName.attribute == sentinel.attribute
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+
+A nice pattern is to actually decorate test methods themselves:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(unittest2.TestCase):
+ ... @patch.object(SomeClass, 'attribute', sentinel.attribute)
+ ... def test_something(self):
+ ... self.assertEqual(SomeClass.attribute, sentinel.attribute)
+ ...
+ >>> original = SomeClass.attribute
+ >>> MyTest('test_something').test_something()
+ >>> assert SomeClass.attribute == original
+
+If you want to patch with a Mock, you can use `patch` with only one argument
+(or `patch.object` with two arguments). The mock will be created for you and
+passed into the test function / method:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(unittest2.TestCase):
+ ... @patch.object(SomeClass, 'static_method')
+ ... def test_something(self, mock_method):
+ ... SomeClass.static_method()
+ ... mock_method.assert_called_with()
+ ...
+ >>> MyTest('test_something').test_something()
+
+You can stack up multiple patch decorators using this pattern:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(unittest2.TestCase):
+ ... @patch('package.module.ClassName1')
+ ... @patch('package.module.ClassName2')
+ ... def test_something(self, MockClass2, MockClass1):
+ ... self.assertTrue(package.module.ClassName1 is MockClass1)
+ ... self.assertTrue(package.module.ClassName2 is MockClass2)
+ ...
+ >>> MyTest('test_something').test_something()
+
+When you nest patch decorators the mocks are passed in to the decorated
+function in the same order they applied (the normal *python* order that
+decorators are applied). This means from the bottom up, so in the example
+above the mock for `test_module.ClassName2` is passed in first.
+
+There is also :func:`patch.dict` for setting values in a dictionary just
+during a scope and restoring the dictionary to its original state when the test
+ends:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> foo = {'key': 'value'}
+ >>> original = foo.copy()
+ >>> with patch.dict(foo, {'newkey': 'newvalue'}, clear=True):
+ ... assert foo == {'newkey': 'newvalue'}
+ ...
+ >>> assert foo == original
+
+`patch`, `patch.object` and `patch.dict` can all be used as context managers.
+
+Where you use `patch` to create a mock for you, you can get a reference to the
+mock using the "as" form of the with statement:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class ProductionClass(object):
+ ... def method(self):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> with patch.object(ProductionClass, 'method') as mock_method:
+ ... mock_method.return_value = None
+ ... real = ProductionClass()
+ ... real.method(1, 2, 3)
+ ...
+ >>> mock_method.assert_called_with(1, 2, 3)
+
+
+As an alternative `patch`, `patch.object` and `patch.dict` can be used as
+class decorators. When used in this way it is the same as applying the
+decorator indvidually to every method whose name starts with "test".
+
+For some more advanced examples, see the :ref:`further-examples` page.
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/index.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/index.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7e4a8daca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/index.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,411 @@
+====================================
+ Mock - Mocking and Testing Library
+====================================
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+:Author: `Michael Foord
+ <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/weblog/index.shtml>`_
+:Version: |release|
+:Date: 2012/10/07
+:Homepage: `Mock Homepage`_
+:Download: `Mock on PyPI`_
+:Documentation: `PDF Documentation
+ <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/downloads/mock-1.0.0.pdf>`_
+:License: `BSD License`_
+:Support: `Mailing list (testing-in-python@lists.idyll.org)
+ <http://lists.idyll.org/listinfo/testing-in-python>`_
+:Issue tracker: `Google code project
+ <http://code.google.com/p/mock/issues/list>`_
+
+.. _Mock Homepage: http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/
+.. _BSD License: http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/license.shtml
+
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+.. module:: mock
+ :synopsis: Mock object and testing library.
+
+.. index:: introduction
+
+mock is a library for testing in Python. It allows you to replace parts of
+your system under test with mock objects and make assertions about how they
+have been used.
+
+mock is now part of the Python standard library, available as `unittest.mock
+<http://docs.python.org/py3k/library/unittest.mock.html#module-unittest.mock>`_
+in Python 3.3 onwards.
+
+mock provides a core :class:`Mock` class removing the need to create a host
+of stubs throughout your test suite. After performing an action, you can make
+assertions about which methods / attributes were used and arguments they were
+called with. You can also specify return values and set needed attributes in
+the normal way.
+
+Additionally, mock provides a :func:`patch` decorator that handles patching
+module and class level attributes within the scope of a test, along with
+:const:`sentinel` for creating unique objects. See the `quick guide`_ for
+some examples of how to use :class:`Mock`, :class:`MagicMock` and
+:func:`patch`.
+
+Mock is very easy to use and is designed for use with
+`unittest <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2>`_. Mock is based on
+the 'action -> assertion' pattern instead of `'record -> replay'` used by many
+mocking frameworks.
+
+mock is tested on Python versions 2.4-2.7, Python 3 plus the latest versions of
+Jython and PyPy.
+
+
+.. testsetup::
+
+ class ProductionClass(object):
+ def method(self, *args):
+ pass
+
+ module = sys.modules['module'] = ProductionClass
+ ProductionClass.ClassName1 = ProductionClass
+ ProductionClass.ClassName2 = ProductionClass
+
+
+
+API Documentation
+=================
+
+.. toctree::
+ :maxdepth: 2
+
+ mock
+ patch
+ helpers
+ sentinel
+ magicmock
+
+
+User Guide
+==========
+
+.. toctree::
+ :maxdepth: 2
+
+ getting-started
+ examples
+ compare
+ changelog
+
+
+.. index:: installing
+
+Installing
+==========
+
+The current version is |release|. Mock is stable and widely used. If you do
+find any bugs, or have suggestions for improvements / extensions
+then please contact us.
+
+* `mock on PyPI <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/mock>`_
+* `mock documentation as PDF
+ <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/downloads/mock-1.0.0.pdf>`_
+* `Google Code Home & Mercurial Repository <http://code.google.com/p/mock/>`_
+
+.. index:: repository
+.. index:: hg
+
+You can checkout the latest development version from the Google Code Mercurial
+repository with the following command:
+
+ ``hg clone https://mock.googlecode.com/hg/ mock``
+
+
+.. index:: pip
+.. index:: easy_install
+.. index:: setuptools
+
+If you have pip, setuptools or distribute you can install mock with:
+
+ | ``easy_install -U mock``
+ | ``pip install -U mock``
+
+Alternatively you can download the mock distribution from PyPI and after
+unpacking run:
+
+ ``python setup.py install``
+
+
+Quick Guide
+===========
+
+:class:`Mock` and :class:`MagicMock` objects create all attributes and
+methods as you access them and store details of how they have been used. You
+can configure them, to specify return values or limit what attributes are
+available, and then make assertions about how they have been used:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from mock import MagicMock
+ >>> thing = ProductionClass()
+ >>> thing.method = MagicMock(return_value=3)
+ >>> thing.method(3, 4, 5, key='value')
+ 3
+ >>> thing.method.assert_called_with(3, 4, 5, key='value')
+
+:attr:`side_effect` allows you to perform side effects, including raising an
+exception when a mock is called:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(side_effect=KeyError('foo'))
+ >>> mock()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError: 'foo'
+
+ >>> values = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
+ >>> def side_effect(arg):
+ ... return values[arg]
+ ...
+ >>> mock.side_effect = side_effect
+ >>> mock('a'), mock('b'), mock('c')
+ (1, 2, 3)
+ >>> mock.side_effect = [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
+ >>> mock(), mock(), mock()
+ (5, 4, 3)
+
+Mock has many other ways you can configure it and control its behaviour. For
+example the `spec` argument configures the mock to take its specification
+from another object. Attempting to access attributes or methods on the mock
+that don't exist on the spec will fail with an `AttributeError`.
+
+The :func:`patch` decorator / context manager makes it easy to mock classes or
+objects in a module under test. The object you specify will be replaced with a
+mock (or other object) during the test and restored when the test ends:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from mock import patch
+ >>> @patch('module.ClassName2')
+ ... @patch('module.ClassName1')
+ ... def test(MockClass1, MockClass2):
+ ... module.ClassName1()
+ ... module.ClassName2()
+
+ ... assert MockClass1 is module.ClassName1
+ ... assert MockClass2 is module.ClassName2
+ ... assert MockClass1.called
+ ... assert MockClass2.called
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+
+.. note::
+
+ When you nest patch decorators the mocks are passed in to the decorated
+ function in the same order they applied (the normal *python* order that
+ decorators are applied). This means from the bottom up, so in the example
+ above the mock for `module.ClassName1` is passed in first.
+
+ With `patch` it matters that you patch objects in the namespace where they
+ are looked up. This is normally straightforward, but for a quick guide
+ read :ref:`where to patch <where-to-patch>`.
+
+As well as a decorator `patch` can be used as a context manager in a with
+statement:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> with patch.object(ProductionClass, 'method', return_value=None) as mock_method:
+ ... thing = ProductionClass()
+ ... thing.method(1, 2, 3)
+ ...
+ >>> mock_method.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
+
+
+There is also :func:`patch.dict` for setting values in a dictionary just
+during a scope and restoring the dictionary to its original state when the test
+ends:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> foo = {'key': 'value'}
+ >>> original = foo.copy()
+ >>> with patch.dict(foo, {'newkey': 'newvalue'}, clear=True):
+ ... assert foo == {'newkey': 'newvalue'}
+ ...
+ >>> assert foo == original
+
+Mock supports the mocking of Python :ref:`magic methods <magic-methods>`. The
+easiest way of using magic methods is with the :class:`MagicMock` class. It
+allows you to do things like:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> mock.__str__.return_value = 'foobarbaz'
+ >>> str(mock)
+ 'foobarbaz'
+ >>> mock.__str__.assert_called_with()
+
+Mock allows you to assign functions (or other Mock instances) to magic methods
+and they will be called appropriately. The `MagicMock` class is just a Mock
+variant that has all of the magic methods pre-created for you (well, all the
+useful ones anyway).
+
+The following is an example of using magic methods with the ordinary Mock
+class:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__str__ = Mock(return_value='wheeeeee')
+ >>> str(mock)
+ 'wheeeeee'
+
+For ensuring that the mock objects in your tests have the same api as the
+objects they are replacing, you can use :ref:`auto-speccing <auto-speccing>`.
+Auto-speccing can be done through the `autospec` argument to patch, or the
+:func:`create_autospec` function. Auto-speccing creates mock objects that
+have the same attributes and methods as the objects they are replacing, and
+any functions and methods (including constructors) have the same call
+signature as the real object.
+
+This ensures that your mocks will fail in the same way as your production
+code if they are used incorrectly:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from mock import create_autospec
+ >>> def function(a, b, c):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> mock_function = create_autospec(function, return_value='fishy')
+ >>> mock_function(1, 2, 3)
+ 'fishy'
+ >>> mock_function.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
+ >>> mock_function('wrong arguments')
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ TypeError: <lambda>() takes exactly 3 arguments (1 given)
+
+`create_autospec` can also be used on classes, where it copies the signature of
+the `__init__` method, and on callable objects where it copies the signature of
+the `__call__` method.
+
+
+.. index:: references
+.. index:: articles
+
+References
+==========
+
+Articles, blog entries and other stuff related to testing with Mock:
+
+* `Imposing a No DB Discipline on Django unit tests
+ <https://github.com/carljm/django-testing-slides/blob/master/models/30_no_database.md>`_
+* `mock-django: tools for mocking the Django ORM and models
+ <https://github.com/dcramer/mock-django>`_
+* `PyCon 2011 Video: Testing with mock <https://blip.tv/file/4881513>`_
+* `Mock objects in Python
+ <http://noopenblockers.com/2012/01/06/mock-objects-in-python/>`_
+* `Python: Injecting Mock Objects for Powerful Testing
+ <http://blueprintforge.com/blog/2012/01/08/python-injecting-mock-objects-for-powerful-testing/>`_
+* `Python Mock: How to assert a substring of logger output
+ <http://www.michaelpollmeier.com/python-mock-how-to-assert-a-substring-of-logger-output/>`_
+* `Mocking Django <http://www.mattjmorrison.com/2011/09/mocking-django.html>`_
+* `Mocking dates and other classes that can't be modified
+ <http://williamjohnbert.com/2011/07/how-to-unit-testing-in-django-with-mocking-and-patching/>`_
+* `Mock recipes <http://konryd.blogspot.com/2010/06/mock-recipies.html>`_
+* `Mockity mock mock - some love for the mock module
+ <http://konryd.blogspot.com/2010/05/mockity-mock-mock-some-love-for-mock.html>`_
+* `Coverage and Mock (with django)
+ <http://mattsnider.com/python/mock-and-coverage/>`_
+* `Python Unit Testing with Mock <http://www.insomnihack.com/?p=194>`_
+* `Getting started with Python Mock
+ <http://myadventuresincoding.wordpress.com/2011/02/26/python-python-mock-cheat-sheet/>`_
+* `Smart Parameter Checks with mock
+ <http://tobyho.com/2011/03/24/smart-parameter-checks-in/>`_
+* `Python mock testing techniques and tools
+ <http://agiletesting.blogspot.com/2009/07/python-mock-testing-techniques-and.html>`_
+* `How To Test Django Template Tags
+ <http://techblog.ironfroggy.com/2008/10/how-to-test.html>`_
+* `A presentation on Unit Testing with Mock
+ <http://pypap.blogspot.com/2008/10/newbie-nugget-unit-testing-with-mock.html>`_
+* `Mocking with Django and Google AppEngine
+ <http://michael-a-nelson.blogspot.com/2008/09/mocking-with-django-and-google-app.html>`_
+
+
+.. index:: tests
+.. index:: unittest2
+
+Tests
+=====
+
+Mock uses `unittest2 <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2>`_ for its own
+test suite. In order to run it, use the `unit2` script that comes with
+`unittest2` module on a checkout of the source repository:
+
+ `unit2 discover`
+
+If you have `setuptools <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/distribute>`_ as well as
+unittest2 you can run:
+
+ ``python setup.py test``
+
+On Python 3.2 you can use ``unittest`` module from the standard library.
+
+ ``python3.2 -m unittest discover``
+
+.. index:: Python 3
+
+On Python 3 the tests for unicode are skipped as they are not relevant. On
+Python 2.4 tests that use the with statements are skipped as the with statement
+is invalid syntax on Python 2.4.
+
+
+.. index:: older versions
+
+Older Versions
+==============
+
+Documentation for older versions of mock:
+
+* `mock 0.8 <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/0.8/>`_
+* `mock 0.7 <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/0.7/>`_
+* `mock 0.6 <http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/0.6.0/>`_
+
+Docs from the in-development version of `mock` can be found at
+`mock.readthedocs.org <http://mock.readthedocs.org>`_.
+
+
+Terminology
+===========
+
+Terminology for objects used to replace other ones can be confusing. Terms
+like double, fake, mock, stub, and spy are all used with varying meanings.
+
+In `classic mock terminology
+<http://xunitpatterns.com/Mocks,%20Fakes,%20Stubs%20and%20Dummies.html>`_
+:class:`mock.Mock` is a `spy <http://xunitpatterns.com/Test%20Spy.html>`_ that
+allows for *post-mortem* examination. This is what I call the "action ->
+assertion" [#]_ pattern of testing.
+
+I'm not however a fan of this "statically typed mocking terminology"
+promulgated by `Martin Fowler
+<http://martinfowler.com/articles/mocksArentStubs.html>`_. It confuses usage
+patterns with implementation and prevents you from using natural terminology
+when discussing mocking.
+
+I much prefer duck typing, if an object used in your test suite looks like a
+mock object and quacks like a mock object then it's fine to call it a mock, no
+matter what the implementation looks like.
+
+This terminology is perhaps more useful in less capable languages where
+different usage patterns will *require* different implementations.
+`mock.Mock()` is capable of being used in most of the different roles
+described by Fowler, except (annoyingly / frustratingly / ironically) a Mock
+itself!
+
+How about a simpler definition: a "mock object" is an object used to replace a
+real one in a system under test.
+
+.. [#] This pattern is called "AAA" by some members of the testing community;
+ "Arrange - Act - Assert".
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/magicmock.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/magicmock.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..42b2ed9db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/magicmock.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+
+.. _magic-methods:
+
+Mocking Magic Methods
+=====================
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+:class:`Mock` supports mocking `magic methods
+<http://www.ironpythoninaction.com/magic-methods.html>`_. This allows mock
+objects to replace containers or other objects that implement Python
+protocols.
+
+Because magic methods are looked up differently from normal methods [#]_, this
+support has been specially implemented. This means that only specific magic
+methods are supported. The supported list includes *almost* all of them. If
+there are any missing that you need please let us know!
+
+You mock magic methods by setting the method you are interested in to a function
+or a mock instance. If you are using a function then it *must* take ``self`` as
+the first argument [#]_.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> def __str__(self):
+ ... return 'fooble'
+ ...
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__str__ = __str__
+ >>> str(mock)
+ 'fooble'
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__str__ = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__str__.return_value = 'fooble'
+ >>> str(mock)
+ 'fooble'
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__iter__ = Mock(return_value=iter([]))
+ >>> list(mock)
+ []
+
+One use case for this is for mocking objects used as context managers in a
+`with` statement:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__enter__ = Mock(return_value='foo')
+ >>> mock.__exit__ = Mock(return_value=False)
+ >>> with mock as m:
+ ... assert m == 'foo'
+ ...
+ >>> mock.__enter__.assert_called_with()
+ >>> mock.__exit__.assert_called_with(None, None, None)
+
+Calls to magic methods do not appear in :attr:`~Mock.method_calls`, but they
+are recorded in :attr:`~Mock.mock_calls`.
+
+.. note::
+
+ If you use the `spec` keyword argument to create a mock then attempting to
+ set a magic method that isn't in the spec will raise an `AttributeError`.
+
+The full list of supported magic methods is:
+
+* ``__hash__``, ``__sizeof__``, ``__repr__`` and ``__str__``
+* ``__dir__``, ``__format__`` and ``__subclasses__``
+* ``__floor__``, ``__trunc__`` and ``__ceil__``
+* Comparisons: ``__cmp__``, ``__lt__``, ``__gt__``, ``__le__``, ``__ge__``,
+ ``__eq__`` and ``__ne__``
+* Container methods: ``__getitem__``, ``__setitem__``, ``__delitem__``,
+ ``__contains__``, ``__len__``, ``__iter__``, ``__getslice__``,
+ ``__setslice__``, ``__reversed__`` and ``__missing__``
+* Context manager: ``__enter__`` and ``__exit__``
+* Unary numeric methods: ``__neg__``, ``__pos__`` and ``__invert__``
+* The numeric methods (including right hand and in-place variants):
+ ``__add__``, ``__sub__``, ``__mul__``, ``__div__``,
+ ``__floordiv__``, ``__mod__``, ``__divmod__``, ``__lshift__``,
+ ``__rshift__``, ``__and__``, ``__xor__``, ``__or__``, and ``__pow__``
+* Numeric conversion methods: ``__complex__``, ``__int__``, ``__float__``,
+ ``__index__`` and ``__coerce__``
+* Descriptor methods: ``__get__``, ``__set__`` and ``__delete__``
+* Pickling: ``__reduce__``, ``__reduce_ex__``, ``__getinitargs__``,
+ ``__getnewargs__``, ``__getstate__`` and ``__setstate__``
+
+
+The following methods are supported in Python 2 but don't exist in Python 3:
+
+* ``__unicode__``, ``__long__``, ``__oct__``, ``__hex__`` and ``__nonzero__``
+* ``__truediv__`` and ``__rtruediv__``
+
+The following methods are supported in Python 3 but don't exist in Python 2:
+
+* ``__bool__`` and ``__next__``
+
+The following methods exist but are *not* supported as they are either in use by
+mock, can't be set dynamically, or can cause problems:
+
+* ``__getattr__``, ``__setattr__``, ``__init__`` and ``__new__``
+* ``__prepare__``, ``__instancecheck__``, ``__subclasscheck__``, ``__del__``
+
+
+
+Magic Mock
+==========
+
+There are two `MagicMock` variants: `MagicMock` and `NonCallableMagicMock`.
+
+
+.. class:: MagicMock(*args, **kw)
+
+ ``MagicMock`` is a subclass of :class:`Mock` with default implementations
+ of most of the magic methods. You can use ``MagicMock`` without having to
+ configure the magic methods yourself.
+
+ The constructor parameters have the same meaning as for :class:`Mock`.
+
+ If you use the `spec` or `spec_set` arguments then *only* magic methods
+ that exist in the spec will be created.
+
+
+.. class:: NonCallableMagicMock(*args, **kw)
+
+ A non-callable version of `MagicMock`.
+
+ The constructor parameters have the same meaning as for
+ :class:`MagicMock`, with the exception of `return_value` and
+ `side_effect` which have no meaning on a non-callable mock.
+
+The magic methods are setup with `MagicMock` objects, so you can configure them
+and use them in the usual way:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> mock[3] = 'fish'
+ >>> mock.__setitem__.assert_called_with(3, 'fish')
+ >>> mock.__getitem__.return_value = 'result'
+ >>> mock[2]
+ 'result'
+
+By default many of the protocol methods are required to return objects of a
+specific type. These methods are preconfigured with a default return value, so
+that they can be used without you having to do anything if you aren't interested
+in the return value. You can still *set* the return value manually if you want
+to change the default.
+
+Methods and their defaults:
+
+* ``__lt__``: NotImplemented
+* ``__gt__``: NotImplemented
+* ``__le__``: NotImplemented
+* ``__ge__``: NotImplemented
+* ``__int__`` : 1
+* ``__contains__`` : False
+* ``__len__`` : 1
+* ``__iter__`` : iter([])
+* ``__exit__`` : False
+* ``__complex__`` : 1j
+* ``__float__`` : 1.0
+* ``__bool__`` : True
+* ``__nonzero__`` : True
+* ``__oct__`` : '1'
+* ``__hex__`` : '0x1'
+* ``__long__`` : long(1)
+* ``__index__`` : 1
+* ``__hash__`` : default hash for the mock
+* ``__str__`` : default str for the mock
+* ``__unicode__`` : default unicode for the mock
+* ``__sizeof__``: default sizeof for the mock
+
+For example:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> int(mock)
+ 1
+ >>> len(mock)
+ 0
+ >>> hex(mock)
+ '0x1'
+ >>> list(mock)
+ []
+ >>> object() in mock
+ False
+
+The two equality method, `__eq__` and `__ne__`, are special (changed in
+0.7.2). They do the default equality comparison on identity, using a side
+effect, unless you change their return value to return something else:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> MagicMock() == 3
+ False
+ >>> MagicMock() != 3
+ True
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> mock.__eq__.return_value = True
+ >>> mock == 3
+ True
+
+In `0.8` the `__iter__` also gained special handling implemented with a
+side effect. The return value of `MagicMock.__iter__` can be any iterable
+object and isn't required to be an iterator:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> mock.__iter__.return_value = ['a', 'b', 'c']
+ >>> list(mock)
+ ['a', 'b', 'c']
+ >>> list(mock)
+ ['a', 'b', 'c']
+
+If the return value *is* an iterator, then iterating over it once will consume
+it and subsequent iterations will result in an empty list:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock.__iter__.return_value = iter(['a', 'b', 'c'])
+ >>> list(mock)
+ ['a', 'b', 'c']
+ >>> list(mock)
+ []
+
+``MagicMock`` has all of the supported magic methods configured except for some
+of the obscure and obsolete ones. You can still set these up if you want.
+
+Magic methods that are supported but not setup by default in ``MagicMock`` are:
+
+* ``__cmp__``
+* ``__getslice__`` and ``__setslice__``
+* ``__coerce__``
+* ``__subclasses__``
+* ``__dir__``
+* ``__format__``
+* ``__get__``, ``__set__`` and ``__delete__``
+* ``__reversed__`` and ``__missing__``
+* ``__reduce__``, ``__reduce_ex__``, ``__getinitargs__``, ``__getnewargs__``,
+ ``__getstate__`` and ``__setstate__``
+* ``__getformat__`` and ``__setformat__``
+
+
+
+------------
+
+.. [#] Magic methods *should* be looked up on the class rather than the
+ instance. Different versions of Python are inconsistent about applying this
+ rule. The supported protocol methods should work with all supported versions
+ of Python.
+.. [#] The function is basically hooked up to the class, but each ``Mock``
+ instance is kept isolated from the others.
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/mock.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/mock.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..58712b21a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/mock.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,842 @@
+The Mock Class
+==============
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+.. testsetup::
+
+ class SomeClass:
+ pass
+
+
+`Mock` is a flexible mock object intended to replace the use of stubs and
+test doubles throughout your code. Mocks are callable and create attributes as
+new mocks when you access them [#]_. Accessing the same attribute will always
+return the same mock. Mocks record how you use them, allowing you to make
+assertions about what your code has done to them.
+
+:class:`MagicMock` is a subclass of `Mock` with all the magic methods
+pre-created and ready to use. There are also non-callable variants, useful
+when you are mocking out objects that aren't callable:
+:class:`NonCallableMock` and :class:`NonCallableMagicMock`
+
+The :func:`patch` decorators makes it easy to temporarily replace classes
+in a particular module with a `Mock` object. By default `patch` will create
+a `MagicMock` for you. You can specify an alternative class of `Mock` using
+the `new_callable` argument to `patch`.
+
+
+.. index:: side_effect
+.. index:: return_value
+.. index:: wraps
+.. index:: name
+.. index:: spec
+
+.. class:: Mock(spec=None, side_effect=None, return_value=DEFAULT, wraps=None, name=None, spec_set=None, **kwargs)
+
+ Create a new `Mock` object. `Mock` takes several optional arguments
+ that specify the behaviour of the Mock object:
+
+ * `spec`: This can be either a list of strings or an existing object (a
+ class or instance) that acts as the specification for the mock object. If
+ you pass in an object then a list of strings is formed by calling dir on
+ the object (excluding unsupported magic attributes and methods).
+ Accessing any attribute not in this list will raise an `AttributeError`.
+
+ If `spec` is an object (rather than a list of strings) then
+ :attr:`__class__` returns the class of the spec object. This allows mocks
+ to pass `isinstance` tests.
+
+ * `spec_set`: A stricter variant of `spec`. If used, attempting to *set*
+ or get an attribute on the mock that isn't on the object passed as
+ `spec_set` will raise an `AttributeError`.
+
+ * `side_effect`: A function to be called whenever the Mock is called. See
+ the :attr:`~Mock.side_effect` attribute. Useful for raising exceptions or
+ dynamically changing return values. The function is called with the same
+ arguments as the mock, and unless it returns :data:`DEFAULT`, the return
+ value of this function is used as the return value.
+
+ Alternatively `side_effect` can be an exception class or instance. In
+ this case the exception will be raised when the mock is called.
+
+ If `side_effect` is an iterable then each call to the mock will return
+ the next value from the iterable. If any of the members of the iterable
+ are exceptions they will be raised instead of returned.
+
+ A `side_effect` can be cleared by setting it to `None`.
+
+ * `return_value`: The value returned when the mock is called. By default
+ this is a new Mock (created on first access). See the
+ :attr:`return_value` attribute.
+
+ * `wraps`: Item for the mock object to wrap. If `wraps` is not None then
+ calling the Mock will pass the call through to the wrapped object
+ (returning the real result and ignoring `return_value`). Attribute access
+ on the mock will return a Mock object that wraps the corresponding
+ attribute of the wrapped object (so attempting to access an attribute
+ that doesn't exist will raise an `AttributeError`).
+
+ If the mock has an explicit `return_value` set then calls are not passed
+ to the wrapped object and the `return_value` is returned instead.
+
+ * `name`: If the mock has a name then it will be used in the repr of the
+ mock. This can be useful for debugging. The name is propagated to child
+ mocks.
+
+ Mocks can also be called with arbitrary keyword arguments. These will be
+ used to set attributes on the mock after it is created. See the
+ :meth:`configure_mock` method for details.
+
+
+ .. method:: assert_called_with(*args, **kwargs)
+
+ This method is a convenient way of asserting that calls are made in a
+ particular way:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.method(1, 2, 3, test='wow')
+ <Mock name='mock.method()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.method.assert_called_with(1, 2, 3, test='wow')
+
+
+ .. method:: assert_called_once_with(*args, **kwargs)
+
+ Assert that the mock was called exactly once and with the specified
+ arguments.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock('foo', bar='baz')
+ >>> mock.assert_called_once_with('foo', bar='baz')
+ >>> mock('foo', bar='baz')
+ >>> mock.assert_called_once_with('foo', bar='baz')
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: Expected to be called once. Called 2 times.
+
+
+ .. method:: assert_any_call(*args, **kwargs)
+
+ assert the mock has been called with the specified arguments.
+
+ The assert passes if the mock has *ever* been called, unlike
+ :meth:`assert_called_with` and :meth:`assert_called_once_with` that
+ only pass if the call is the most recent one.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock(1, 2, arg='thing')
+ >>> mock('some', 'thing', 'else')
+ >>> mock.assert_any_call(1, 2, arg='thing')
+
+
+ .. method:: assert_has_calls(calls, any_order=False)
+
+ assert the mock has been called with the specified calls.
+ The `mock_calls` list is checked for the calls.
+
+ If `any_order` is False (the default) then the calls must be
+ sequential. There can be extra calls before or after the
+ specified calls.
+
+ If `any_order` is True then the calls can be in any order, but
+ they must all appear in :attr:`mock_calls`.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock(1)
+ >>> mock(2)
+ >>> mock(3)
+ >>> mock(4)
+ >>> calls = [call(2), call(3)]
+ >>> mock.assert_has_calls(calls)
+ >>> calls = [call(4), call(2), call(3)]
+ >>> mock.assert_has_calls(calls, any_order=True)
+
+
+ .. method:: reset_mock()
+
+ The reset_mock method resets all the call attributes on a mock object:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock('hello')
+ >>> mock.called
+ True
+ >>> mock.reset_mock()
+ >>> mock.called
+ False
+
+ This can be useful where you want to make a series of assertions that
+ reuse the same object. Note that `reset_mock` *doesn't* clear the
+ return value, :attr:`side_effect` or any child attributes you have
+ set using normal assignment. Child mocks and the return value mock
+ (if any) are reset as well.
+
+
+ .. method:: mock_add_spec(spec, spec_set=False)
+
+ Add a spec to a mock. `spec` can either be an object or a
+ list of strings. Only attributes on the `spec` can be fetched as
+ attributes from the mock.
+
+ If `spec_set` is `True` then only attributes on the spec can be set.
+
+
+ .. method:: attach_mock(mock, attribute)
+
+ Attach a mock as an attribute of this one, replacing its name and
+ parent. Calls to the attached mock will be recorded in the
+ :attr:`method_calls` and :attr:`mock_calls` attributes of this one.
+
+
+ .. method:: configure_mock(**kwargs)
+
+ Set attributes on the mock through keyword arguments.
+
+ Attributes plus return values and side effects can be set on child
+ mocks using standard dot notation and unpacking a dictionary in the
+ method call:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> attrs = {'method.return_value': 3, 'other.side_effect': KeyError}
+ >>> mock.configure_mock(**attrs)
+ >>> mock.method()
+ 3
+ >>> mock.other()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError
+
+ The same thing can be achieved in the constructor call to mocks:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> attrs = {'method.return_value': 3, 'other.side_effect': KeyError}
+ >>> mock = Mock(some_attribute='eggs', **attrs)
+ >>> mock.some_attribute
+ 'eggs'
+ >>> mock.method()
+ 3
+ >>> mock.other()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError
+
+ `configure_mock` exists to make it easier to do configuration
+ after the mock has been created.
+
+
+ .. method:: __dir__()
+
+ `Mock` objects limit the results of `dir(some_mock)` to useful results.
+ For mocks with a `spec` this includes all the permitted attributes
+ for the mock.
+
+ See :data:`FILTER_DIR` for what this filtering does, and how to
+ switch it off.
+
+
+ .. method:: _get_child_mock(**kw)
+
+ Create the child mocks for attributes and return value.
+ By default child mocks will be the same type as the parent.
+ Subclasses of Mock may want to override this to customize the way
+ child mocks are made.
+
+ For non-callable mocks the callable variant will be used (rather than
+ any custom subclass).
+
+
+ .. attribute:: called
+
+ A boolean representing whether or not the mock object has been called:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock.called
+ False
+ >>> mock()
+ >>> mock.called
+ True
+
+ .. attribute:: call_count
+
+ An integer telling you how many times the mock object has been called:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock.call_count
+ 0
+ >>> mock()
+ >>> mock()
+ >>> mock.call_count
+ 2
+
+
+ .. attribute:: return_value
+
+ Set this to configure the value returned by calling the mock:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.return_value = 'fish'
+ >>> mock()
+ 'fish'
+
+ The default return value is a mock object and you can configure it in
+ the normal way:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.return_value.attribute = sentinel.Attribute
+ >>> mock.return_value()
+ <Mock name='mock()()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.return_value.assert_called_with()
+
+ `return_value` can also be set in the constructor:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=3)
+ >>> mock.return_value
+ 3
+ >>> mock()
+ 3
+
+
+ .. attribute:: side_effect
+
+ This can either be a function to be called when the mock is called,
+ or an exception (class or instance) to be raised.
+
+ If you pass in a function it will be called with same arguments as the
+ mock and unless the function returns the :data:`DEFAULT` singleton the
+ call to the mock will then return whatever the function returns. If the
+ function returns :data:`DEFAULT` then the mock will return its normal
+ value (from the :attr:`return_value`.
+
+ An example of a mock that raises an exception (to test exception
+ handling of an API):
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.side_effect = Exception('Boom!')
+ >>> mock()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ Exception: Boom!
+
+ Using `side_effect` to return a sequence of values:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.side_effect = [3, 2, 1]
+ >>> mock(), mock(), mock()
+ (3, 2, 1)
+
+ The `side_effect` function is called with the same arguments as the
+ mock (so it is wise for it to take arbitrary args and keyword
+ arguments) and whatever it returns is used as the return value for
+ the call. The exception is if `side_effect` returns :data:`DEFAULT`,
+ in which case the normal :attr:`return_value` is used.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=3)
+ >>> def side_effect(*args, **kwargs):
+ ... return DEFAULT
+ ...
+ >>> mock.side_effect = side_effect
+ >>> mock()
+ 3
+
+ `side_effect` can be set in the constructor. Here's an example that
+ adds one to the value the mock is called with and returns it:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> side_effect = lambda value: value + 1
+ >>> mock = Mock(side_effect=side_effect)
+ >>> mock(3)
+ 4
+ >>> mock(-8)
+ -7
+
+ Setting `side_effect` to `None` clears it:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> from mock import Mock
+ >>> m = Mock(side_effect=KeyError, return_value=3)
+ >>> m()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError
+ >>> m.side_effect = None
+ >>> m()
+ 3
+
+
+ .. attribute:: call_args
+
+ This is either `None` (if the mock hasn't been called), or the
+ arguments that the mock was last called with. This will be in the
+ form of a tuple: the first member is any ordered arguments the mock
+ was called with (or an empty tuple) and the second member is any
+ keyword arguments (or an empty dictionary).
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> print mock.call_args
+ None
+ >>> mock()
+ >>> mock.call_args
+ call()
+ >>> mock.call_args == ()
+ True
+ >>> mock(3, 4)
+ >>> mock.call_args
+ call(3, 4)
+ >>> mock.call_args == ((3, 4),)
+ True
+ >>> mock(3, 4, 5, key='fish', next='w00t!')
+ >>> mock.call_args
+ call(3, 4, 5, key='fish', next='w00t!')
+
+ `call_args`, along with members of the lists :attr:`call_args_list`,
+ :attr:`method_calls` and :attr:`mock_calls` are :data:`call` objects.
+ These are tuples, so they can be unpacked to get at the individual
+ arguments and make more complex assertions. See
+ :ref:`calls as tuples <calls-as-tuples>`.
+
+
+ .. attribute:: call_args_list
+
+ This is a list of all the calls made to the mock object in sequence
+ (so the length of the list is the number of times it has been
+ called). Before any calls have been made it is an empty list. The
+ :data:`call` object can be used for conveniently constructing lists of
+ calls to compare with `call_args_list`.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ >>> mock()
+ >>> mock(3, 4)
+ >>> mock(key='fish', next='w00t!')
+ >>> mock.call_args_list
+ [call(), call(3, 4), call(key='fish', next='w00t!')]
+ >>> expected = [(), ((3, 4),), ({'key': 'fish', 'next': 'w00t!'},)]
+ >>> mock.call_args_list == expected
+ True
+
+ Members of `call_args_list` are :data:`call` objects. These can be
+ unpacked as tuples to get at the individual arguments. See
+ :ref:`calls as tuples <calls-as-tuples>`.
+
+
+ .. attribute:: method_calls
+
+ As well as tracking calls to themselves, mocks also track calls to
+ methods and attributes, and *their* methods and attributes:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.method()
+ <Mock name='mock.method()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.property.method.attribute()
+ <Mock name='mock.property.method.attribute()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.method_calls
+ [call.method(), call.property.method.attribute()]
+
+ Members of `method_calls` are :data:`call` objects. These can be
+ unpacked as tuples to get at the individual arguments. See
+ :ref:`calls as tuples <calls-as-tuples>`.
+
+
+ .. attribute:: mock_calls
+
+ `mock_calls` records *all* calls to the mock object, its methods, magic
+ methods *and* return value mocks.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> result = mock(1, 2, 3)
+ >>> mock.first(a=3)
+ <MagicMock name='mock.first()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.second()
+ <MagicMock name='mock.second()' id='...'>
+ >>> int(mock)
+ 1
+ >>> result(1)
+ <MagicMock name='mock()()' id='...'>
+ >>> expected = [call(1, 2, 3), call.first(a=3), call.second(),
+ ... call.__int__(), call()(1)]
+ >>> mock.mock_calls == expected
+ True
+
+ Members of `mock_calls` are :data:`call` objects. These can be
+ unpacked as tuples to get at the individual arguments. See
+ :ref:`calls as tuples <calls-as-tuples>`.
+
+
+ .. attribute:: __class__
+
+ Normally the `__class__` attribute of an object will return its type.
+ For a mock object with a `spec` `__class__` returns the spec class
+ instead. This allows mock objects to pass `isinstance` tests for the
+ object they are replacing / masquerading as:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(spec=3)
+ >>> isinstance(mock, int)
+ True
+
+ `__class__` is assignable to, this allows a mock to pass an
+ `isinstance` check without forcing you to use a spec:
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> mock.__class__ = dict
+ >>> isinstance(mock, dict)
+ True
+
+.. class:: NonCallableMock(spec=None, wraps=None, name=None, spec_set=None, **kwargs)
+
+ A non-callable version of `Mock`. The constructor parameters have the same
+ meaning of `Mock`, with the exception of `return_value` and `side_effect`
+ which have no meaning on a non-callable mock.
+
+Mock objects that use a class or an instance as a `spec` or `spec_set` are able
+to pass `isintance` tests:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = Mock(spec=SomeClass)
+ >>> isinstance(mock, SomeClass)
+ True
+ >>> mock = Mock(spec_set=SomeClass())
+ >>> isinstance(mock, SomeClass)
+ True
+
+The `Mock` classes have support for mocking magic methods. See :ref:`magic
+methods <magic-methods>` for the full details.
+
+The mock classes and the :func:`patch` decorators all take arbitrary keyword
+arguments for configuration. For the `patch` decorators the keywords are
+passed to the constructor of the mock being created. The keyword arguments
+are for configuring attributes of the mock:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock(attribute=3, other='fish')
+ >>> m.attribute
+ 3
+ >>> m.other
+ 'fish'
+
+The return value and side effect of child mocks can be set in the same way,
+using dotted notation. As you can't use dotted names directly in a call you
+have to create a dictionary and unpack it using `**`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> attrs = {'method.return_value': 3, 'other.side_effect': KeyError}
+ >>> mock = Mock(some_attribute='eggs', **attrs)
+ >>> mock.some_attribute
+ 'eggs'
+ >>> mock.method()
+ 3
+ >>> mock.other()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError
+
+
+.. class:: PropertyMock(*args, **kwargs)
+
+ A mock intended to be used as a property, or other descriptor, on a class.
+ `PropertyMock` provides `__get__` and `__set__` methods so you can specify
+ a return value when it is fetched.
+
+ Fetching a `PropertyMock` instance from an object calls the mock, with
+ no args. Setting it calls the mock with the value being set.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Foo(object):
+ ... @property
+ ... def foo(self):
+ ... return 'something'
+ ... @foo.setter
+ ... def foo(self, value):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> with patch('__main__.Foo.foo', new_callable=PropertyMock) as mock_foo:
+ ... mock_foo.return_value = 'mockity-mock'
+ ... this_foo = Foo()
+ ... print this_foo.foo
+ ... this_foo.foo = 6
+ ...
+ mockity-mock
+ >>> mock_foo.mock_calls
+ [call(), call(6)]
+
+Because of the way mock attributes are stored you can't directly attach a
+`PropertyMock` to a mock object. Instead you can attach it to the mock type
+object:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock()
+ >>> p = PropertyMock(return_value=3)
+ >>> type(m).foo = p
+ >>> m.foo
+ 3
+ >>> p.assert_called_once_with()
+
+
+.. index:: __call__
+.. index:: calling
+
+Calling
+=======
+
+Mock objects are callable. The call will return the value set as the
+:attr:`~Mock.return_value` attribute. The default return value is a new Mock
+object; it is created the first time the return value is accessed (either
+explicitly or by calling the Mock) - but it is stored and the same one
+returned each time.
+
+Calls made to the object will be recorded in the attributes
+like :attr:`~Mock.call_args` and :attr:`~Mock.call_args_list`.
+
+If :attr:`~Mock.side_effect` is set then it will be called after the call has
+been recorded, so if `side_effect` raises an exception the call is still
+recorded.
+
+The simplest way to make a mock raise an exception when called is to make
+:attr:`~Mock.side_effect` an exception class or instance:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock(side_effect=IndexError)
+ >>> m(1, 2, 3)
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ IndexError
+ >>> m.mock_calls
+ [call(1, 2, 3)]
+ >>> m.side_effect = KeyError('Bang!')
+ >>> m('two', 'three', 'four')
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError: 'Bang!'
+ >>> m.mock_calls
+ [call(1, 2, 3), call('two', 'three', 'four')]
+
+If `side_effect` is a function then whatever that function returns is what
+calls to the mock return. The `side_effect` function is called with the
+same arguments as the mock. This allows you to vary the return value of the
+call dynamically, based on the input:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> def side_effect(value):
+ ... return value + 1
+ ...
+ >>> m = MagicMock(side_effect=side_effect)
+ >>> m(1)
+ 2
+ >>> m(2)
+ 3
+ >>> m.mock_calls
+ [call(1), call(2)]
+
+If you want the mock to still return the default return value (a new mock), or
+any set return value, then there are two ways of doing this. Either return
+`mock.return_value` from inside `side_effect`, or return :data:`DEFAULT`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock()
+ >>> def side_effect(*args, **kwargs):
+ ... return m.return_value
+ ...
+ >>> m.side_effect = side_effect
+ >>> m.return_value = 3
+ >>> m()
+ 3
+ >>> def side_effect(*args, **kwargs):
+ ... return DEFAULT
+ ...
+ >>> m.side_effect = side_effect
+ >>> m()
+ 3
+
+To remove a `side_effect`, and return to the default behaviour, set the
+`side_effect` to `None`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock(return_value=6)
+ >>> def side_effect(*args, **kwargs):
+ ... return 3
+ ...
+ >>> m.side_effect = side_effect
+ >>> m()
+ 3
+ >>> m.side_effect = None
+ >>> m()
+ 6
+
+The `side_effect` can also be any iterable object. Repeated calls to the mock
+will return values from the iterable (until the iterable is exhausted and
+a `StopIteration` is raised):
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> m = MagicMock(side_effect=[1, 2, 3])
+ >>> m()
+ 1
+ >>> m()
+ 2
+ >>> m()
+ 3
+ >>> m()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ StopIteration
+
+If any members of the iterable are exceptions they will be raised instead of
+returned:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> iterable = (33, ValueError, 66)
+ >>> m = MagicMock(side_effect=iterable)
+ >>> m()
+ 33
+ >>> m()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ ValueError
+ >>> m()
+ 66
+
+
+.. _deleting-attributes:
+
+Deleting Attributes
+===================
+
+Mock objects create attributes on demand. This allows them to pretend to be
+objects of any type.
+
+You may want a mock object to return `False` to a `hasattr` call, or raise an
+`AttributeError` when an attribute is fetched. You can do this by providing
+an object as a `spec` for a mock, but that isn't always convenient.
+
+You "block" attributes by deleting them. Once deleted, accessing an attribute
+will raise an `AttributeError`.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> hasattr(mock, 'm')
+ True
+ >>> del mock.m
+ >>> hasattr(mock, 'm')
+ False
+ >>> del mock.f
+ >>> mock.f
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AttributeError: f
+
+
+Attaching Mocks as Attributes
+=============================
+
+When you attach a mock as an attribute of another mock (or as the return
+value) it becomes a "child" of that mock. Calls to the child are recorded in
+the :attr:`~Mock.method_calls` and :attr:`~Mock.mock_calls` attributes of the
+parent. This is useful for configuring child mocks and then attaching them to
+the parent, or for attaching mocks to a parent that records all calls to the
+children and allows you to make assertions about the order of calls between
+mocks:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> parent = MagicMock()
+ >>> child1 = MagicMock(return_value=None)
+ >>> child2 = MagicMock(return_value=None)
+ >>> parent.child1 = child1
+ >>> parent.child2 = child2
+ >>> child1(1)
+ >>> child2(2)
+ >>> parent.mock_calls
+ [call.child1(1), call.child2(2)]
+
+The exception to this is if the mock has a name. This allows you to prevent
+the "parenting" if for some reason you don't want it to happen.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mock = MagicMock()
+ >>> not_a_child = MagicMock(name='not-a-child')
+ >>> mock.attribute = not_a_child
+ >>> mock.attribute()
+ <MagicMock name='not-a-child()' id='...'>
+ >>> mock.mock_calls
+ []
+
+Mocks created for you by :func:`patch` are automatically given names. To
+attach mocks that have names to a parent you use the :meth:`~Mock.attach_mock`
+method:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> thing1 = object()
+ >>> thing2 = object()
+ >>> parent = MagicMock()
+ >>> with patch('__main__.thing1', return_value=None) as child1:
+ ... with patch('__main__.thing2', return_value=None) as child2:
+ ... parent.attach_mock(child1, 'child1')
+ ... parent.attach_mock(child2, 'child2')
+ ... child1('one')
+ ... child2('two')
+ ...
+ >>> parent.mock_calls
+ [call.child1('one'), call.child2('two')]
+
+
+-----
+
+.. [#] The only exceptions are magic methods and attributes (those that have
+ leading and trailing double underscores). Mock doesn't create these but
+ instead of raises an ``AttributeError``. This is because the interpreter
+ will often implicitly request these methods, and gets *very* confused to
+ get a new Mock object when it expects a magic method. If you need magic
+ method support see :ref:`magic methods <magic-methods>`.
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/mocksignature.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/mocksignature.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dbb5019fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/mocksignature.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+mocksignature
+=============
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+.. note::
+
+ :ref:`auto-speccing`, added in mock 0.8, is a more advanced version of
+ `mocksignature` and can be used for many of the same use cases.
+
+A problem with using mock objects to replace real objects in your tests is that
+:class:`Mock` can be *too* flexible. Your code can treat the mock objects in
+any way and you have to manually check that they were called correctly. If your
+code calls functions or methods with the wrong number of arguments then mocks
+don't complain.
+
+The solution to this is `mocksignature`, which creates functions with the
+same signature as the original, but delegating to a mock. You can interrogate
+the mock in the usual way to check it has been called with the *right*
+arguments, but if it is called with the wrong number of arguments it will
+raise a `TypeError` in the same way your production code would.
+
+Another advantage is that your mocked objects are real functions, which can
+be useful when your code uses
+`inspect <http://docs.python.org/library/inspect.html>`_ or depends on
+functions being function objects.
+
+.. function:: mocksignature(func, mock=None, skipfirst=False)
+
+ Create a new function with the same signature as `func` that delegates
+ to `mock`. If `skipfirst` is True the first argument is skipped, useful
+ for methods where `self` needs to be omitted from the new function.
+
+ If you don't pass in a `mock` then one will be created for you.
+
+ Functions returned by `mocksignature` have many of the same attributes
+ and assert methods as a mock object.
+
+ The mock is set as the `mock` attribute of the returned function for easy
+ access.
+
+ `mocksignature` can also be used with classes. It copies the signature of
+ the `__init__` method.
+
+ When used with callable objects (instances) it copies the signature of the
+ `__call__` method.
+
+`mocksignature` will work out if it is mocking the signature of a method on
+an instance or a method on a class and do the "right thing" with the `self`
+argument in both cases.
+
+Because of a limitation in the way that arguments are collected by functions
+created by `mocksignature` they are *always* passed as positional arguments
+(including defaults) and not keyword arguments.
+
+
+mocksignature api
+-----------------
+
+Although the objects returned by `mocksignature` api are real function objects,
+they have much of the same api as the :class:`Mock` class. This includes the
+assert methods:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> def func(a, b, c):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> func2 = mocksignature(func)
+ >>> func2.called
+ False
+ >>> func2.return_value = 3
+ >>> func2(1, 2, 3)
+ 3
+ >>> func2.called
+ True
+ >>> func2.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
+ >>> func2.assert_called_with(1, 2, 4)
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ AssertionError: Expected call: mock(1, 2, 4)
+ Actual call: mock(1, 2, 3)
+ >>> func2.call_count
+ 1
+ >>> func2.side_effect = IndexError
+ >>> func2(4, 5, 6)
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ IndexError
+
+The mock object that is being delegated to is available as the `mock` attribute
+of the function created by `mocksignature`.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> func2.mock.mock_calls
+ [call(1, 2, 3), call(4, 5, 6)]
+
+The methods and attributes available on functions returned by `mocksignature`
+are:
+
+ :meth:`~Mock.assert_any_call`, :meth:`~Mock.assert_called_once_with`,
+ :meth:`~Mock.assert_called_with`, :meth:`~Mock.assert_has_calls`,
+ :attr:`~Mock.call_args`, :attr:`~Mock.call_args_list`,
+ :attr:`~Mock.call_count`, :attr:`~Mock.called`,
+ :attr:`~Mock.method_calls`, `mock`, :attr:`~Mock.mock_calls`,
+ :meth:`~Mock.reset_mock`, :attr:`~Mock.return_value`, and
+ :attr:`~Mock.side_effect`.
+
+
+Example use
+-----------
+
+Basic use
+~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> def function(a, b, c=None):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> mock = Mock()
+ >>> function = mocksignature(function, mock)
+ >>> function()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ TypeError: <lambda>() takes at least 2 arguments (0 given)
+ >>> function.return_value = 'some value'
+ >>> function(1, 2, 'foo')
+ 'some value'
+ >>> function.assert_called_with(1, 2, 'foo')
+
+
+Keyword arguments
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Note that arguments to functions created by `mocksignature` are always passed
+in to the underlying mock by position even when called with keywords:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> def function(a, b, c=None):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> function = mocksignature(function)
+ >>> function.return_value = None
+ >>> function(1, 2)
+ >>> function.assert_called_with(1, 2, None)
+
+
+Mocking methods and self
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When you use `mocksignature` to replace a method on a class then `self`
+will be included in the method signature - and you will need to include
+the instance when you do your asserts.
+
+As a curious factor of the way Python (2) wraps methods fetched from a class,
+we can *get* the `return_value` from a function set on a class, but we can't
+set it. We have to do this through the exposed `mock` attribute instead:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class SomeClass(object):
+ ... def method(self, a, b, c=None):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> SomeClass.method = mocksignature(SomeClass.method)
+ >>> SomeClass.method.mock.return_value = None
+ >>> instance = SomeClass()
+ >>> instance.method()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ TypeError: <lambda>() takes at least 4 arguments (1 given)
+ >>> instance.method(1, 2, 3)
+ >>> instance.method.assert_called_with(instance, 1, 2, 3)
+
+When you use `mocksignature` on instance methods `self` isn't included (and we
+can set the `return_value` etc directly):
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class SomeClass(object):
+ ... def method(self, a, b, c=None):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> instance = SomeClass()
+ >>> instance.method = mocksignature(instance.method)
+ >>> instance.method.return_value = None
+ >>> instance.method(1, 2, 3)
+ >>> instance.method.assert_called_with(1, 2, 3)
+
+
+mocksignature with classes
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When used with a class `mocksignature` copies the signature of the `__init__`
+method.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Something(object):
+ ... def __init__(self, foo, bar):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> MockSomething = mocksignature(Something)
+ >>> instance = MockSomething(10, 9)
+ >>> assert instance is MockSomething.return_value
+ >>> MockSomething.assert_called_with(10, 9)
+ >>> MockSomething()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ TypeError: <lambda>() takes at least 2 arguments (0 given)
+
+Because the object returned by `mocksignature` is a function rather than a
+`Mock` you lose the other capabilities of `Mock`, like dynamic attribute
+creation.
+
+
+mocksignature with callable objects
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When used with a callable object `mocksignature` copies the signature of the
+`__call__` method.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Something(object):
+ ... def __call__(self, spam, eggs):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> something = Something()
+ >>> mock_something = mocksignature(something)
+ >>> result = mock_something(10, 9)
+ >>> mock_something.assert_called_with(10, 9)
+ >>> mock_something()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ TypeError: <lambda>() takes at least 2 arguments (0 given)
+
+
+mocksignature argument to patch
+-------------------------------
+
+`mocksignature` is available as a keyword argument to :func:`patch` or
+:func:`patch.object`. It can be used with functions / methods / classes and
+callable objects.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class SomeClass(object):
+ ... def method(self, a, b, c=None):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> @patch.object(SomeClass, 'method', mocksignature=True)
+ ... def test(mock_method):
+ ... instance = SomeClass()
+ ... mock_method.return_value = None
+ ... instance.method(1, 2)
+ ... mock_method.assert_called_with(instance, 1, 2, None)
+ ...
+ >>> test()
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/patch.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/patch.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3d56264fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/patch.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,636 @@
+==================
+ Patch Decorators
+==================
+
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+.. testsetup::
+
+ class SomeClass(object):
+ static_method = None
+ class_method = None
+ attribute = None
+
+ sys.modules['package'] = package = Mock(name='package')
+ sys.modules['package.module'] = package.module
+
+ class TestCase(unittest2.TestCase):
+ def run(self):
+ result = unittest2.TestResult()
+ super(unittest2.TestCase, self).run(result)
+ assert result.wasSuccessful()
+
+.. testcleanup::
+
+ patch.TEST_PREFIX = 'test'
+
+
+The patch decorators are used for patching objects only within the scope of
+the function they decorate. They automatically handle the unpatching for you,
+even if exceptions are raised. All of these functions can also be used in with
+statements or as class decorators.
+
+
+patch
+=====
+
+.. note::
+
+ `patch` is straightforward to use. The key is to do the patching in the
+ right namespace. See the section `where to patch`_.
+
+.. function:: patch(target, new=DEFAULT, spec=None, create=False, spec_set=None, autospec=None, new_callable=None, **kwargs)
+
+ `patch` acts as a function decorator, class decorator or a context
+ manager. Inside the body of the function or with statement, the `target`
+ is patched with a `new` object. When the function/with statement exits
+ the patch is undone.
+
+ If `new` is omitted, then the target is replaced with a
+ :class:`MagicMock`. If `patch` is used as a decorator and `new` is
+ omitted, the created mock is passed in as an extra argument to the
+ decorated function. If `patch` is used as a context manager the created
+ mock is returned by the context manager.
+
+ `target` should be a string in the form `'package.module.ClassName'`. The
+ `target` is imported and the specified object replaced with the `new`
+ object, so the `target` must be importable from the environment you are
+ calling `patch` from. The target is imported when the decorated function
+ is executed, not at decoration time.
+
+ The `spec` and `spec_set` keyword arguments are passed to the `MagicMock`
+ if patch is creating one for you.
+
+ In addition you can pass `spec=True` or `spec_set=True`, which causes
+ patch to pass in the object being mocked as the spec/spec_set object.
+
+ `new_callable` allows you to specify a different class, or callable object,
+ that will be called to create the `new` object. By default `MagicMock` is
+ used.
+
+ A more powerful form of `spec` is `autospec`. If you set `autospec=True`
+ then the mock with be created with a spec from the object being replaced.
+ All attributes of the mock will also have the spec of the corresponding
+ attribute of the object being replaced. Methods and functions being mocked
+ will have their arguments checked and will raise a `TypeError` if they are
+ called with the wrong signature. For mocks
+ replacing a class, their return value (the 'instance') will have the same
+ spec as the class. See the :func:`create_autospec` function and
+ :ref:`auto-speccing`.
+
+ Instead of `autospec=True` you can pass `autospec=some_object` to use an
+ arbitrary object as the spec instead of the one being replaced.
+
+ By default `patch` will fail to replace attributes that don't exist. If
+ you pass in `create=True`, and the attribute doesn't exist, patch will
+ create the attribute for you when the patched function is called, and
+ delete it again afterwards. This is useful for writing tests against
+ attributes that your production code creates at runtime. It is off by by
+ default because it can be dangerous. With it switched on you can write
+ passing tests against APIs that don't actually exist!
+
+ Patch can be used as a `TestCase` class decorator. It works by
+ decorating each test method in the class. This reduces the boilerplate
+ code when your test methods share a common patchings set. `patch` finds
+ tests by looking for method names that start with `patch.TEST_PREFIX`.
+ By default this is `test`, which matches the way `unittest` finds tests.
+ You can specify an alternative prefix by setting `patch.TEST_PREFIX`.
+
+ Patch can be used as a context manager, with the with statement. Here the
+ patching applies to the indented block after the with statement. If you
+ use "as" then the patched object will be bound to the name after the
+ "as"; very useful if `patch` is creating a mock object for you.
+
+ `patch` takes arbitrary keyword arguments. These will be passed to
+ the `Mock` (or `new_callable`) on construction.
+
+ `patch.dict(...)`, `patch.multiple(...)` and `patch.object(...)` are
+ available for alternate use-cases.
+
+`patch` as function decorator, creating the mock for you and passing it into
+the decorated function:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> @patch('__main__.SomeClass')
+ ... def function(normal_argument, mock_class):
+ ... print mock_class is SomeClass
+ ...
+ >>> function(None)
+ True
+
+
+Patching a class replaces the class with a `MagicMock` *instance*. If the
+class is instantiated in the code under test then it will be the
+:attr:`~Mock.return_value` of the mock that will be used.
+
+If the class is instantiated multiple times you could use
+:attr:`~Mock.side_effect` to return a new mock each time. Alternatively you
+can set the `return_value` to be anything you want.
+
+To configure return values on methods of *instances* on the patched class
+you must do this on the `return_value`. For example:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Class(object):
+ ... def method(self):
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ >>> with patch('__main__.Class') as MockClass:
+ ... instance = MockClass.return_value
+ ... instance.method.return_value = 'foo'
+ ... assert Class() is instance
+ ... assert Class().method() == 'foo'
+ ...
+
+If you use `spec` or `spec_set` and `patch` is replacing a *class*, then the
+return value of the created mock will have the same spec.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> Original = Class
+ >>> patcher = patch('__main__.Class', spec=True)
+ >>> MockClass = patcher.start()
+ >>> instance = MockClass()
+ >>> assert isinstance(instance, Original)
+ >>> patcher.stop()
+
+The `new_callable` argument is useful where you want to use an alternative
+class to the default :class:`MagicMock` for the created mock. For example, if
+you wanted a :class:`NonCallableMock` to be used:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> thing = object()
+ >>> with patch('__main__.thing', new_callable=NonCallableMock) as mock_thing:
+ ... assert thing is mock_thing
+ ... thing()
+ ...
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ TypeError: 'NonCallableMock' object is not callable
+
+Another use case might be to replace an object with a `StringIO` instance:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from StringIO import StringIO
+ >>> def foo():
+ ... print 'Something'
+ ...
+ >>> @patch('sys.stdout', new_callable=StringIO)
+ ... def test(mock_stdout):
+ ... foo()
+ ... assert mock_stdout.getvalue() == 'Something\n'
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+
+When `patch` is creating a mock for you, it is common that the first thing
+you need to do is to configure the mock. Some of that configuration can be done
+in the call to patch. Any arbitrary keywords you pass into the call will be
+used to set attributes on the created mock:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> patcher = patch('__main__.thing', first='one', second='two')
+ >>> mock_thing = patcher.start()
+ >>> mock_thing.first
+ 'one'
+ >>> mock_thing.second
+ 'two'
+
+As well as attributes on the created mock attributes, like the
+:attr:`~Mock.return_value` and :attr:`~Mock.side_effect`, of child mocks can
+also be configured. These aren't syntactically valid to pass in directly as
+keyword arguments, but a dictionary with these as keys can still be expanded
+into a `patch` call using `**`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> config = {'method.return_value': 3, 'other.side_effect': KeyError}
+ >>> patcher = patch('__main__.thing', **config)
+ >>> mock_thing = patcher.start()
+ >>> mock_thing.method()
+ 3
+ >>> mock_thing.other()
+ Traceback (most recent call last):
+ ...
+ KeyError
+
+
+patch.object
+============
+
+.. function:: patch.object(target, attribute, new=DEFAULT, spec=None, create=False, spec_set=None, autospec=None, new_callable=None, **kwargs)
+
+ patch the named member (`attribute`) on an object (`target`) with a mock
+ object.
+
+ `patch.object` can be used as a decorator, class decorator or a context
+ manager. Arguments `new`, `spec`, `create`, `spec_set`, `autospec` and
+ `new_callable` have the same meaning as for `patch`. Like `patch`,
+ `patch.object` takes arbitrary keyword arguments for configuring the mock
+ object it creates.
+
+ When used as a class decorator `patch.object` honours `patch.TEST_PREFIX`
+ for choosing which methods to wrap.
+
+You can either call `patch.object` with three arguments or two arguments. The
+three argument form takes the object to be patched, the attribute name and the
+object to replace the attribute with.
+
+When calling with the two argument form you omit the replacement object, and a
+mock is created for you and passed in as an extra argument to the decorated
+function:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> @patch.object(SomeClass, 'class_method')
+ ... def test(mock_method):
+ ... SomeClass.class_method(3)
+ ... mock_method.assert_called_with(3)
+ ...
+ >>> test()
+
+`spec`, `create` and the other arguments to `patch.object` have the same
+meaning as they do for `patch`.
+
+
+patch.dict
+==========
+
+.. function:: patch.dict(in_dict, values=(), clear=False, **kwargs)
+
+ Patch a dictionary, or dictionary like object, and restore the dictionary
+ to its original state after the test.
+
+ `in_dict` can be a dictionary or a mapping like container. If it is a
+ mapping then it must at least support getting, setting and deleting items
+ plus iterating over keys.
+
+ `in_dict` can also be a string specifying the name of the dictionary, which
+ will then be fetched by importing it.
+
+ `values` can be a dictionary of values to set in the dictionary. `values`
+ can also be an iterable of `(key, value)` pairs.
+
+ If `clear` is True then the dictionary will be cleared before the new
+ values are set.
+
+ `patch.dict` can also be called with arbitrary keyword arguments to set
+ values in the dictionary.
+
+ `patch.dict` can be used as a context manager, decorator or class
+ decorator. When used as a class decorator `patch.dict` honours
+ `patch.TEST_PREFIX` for choosing which methods to wrap.
+
+`patch.dict` can be used to add members to a dictionary, or simply let a test
+change a dictionary, and ensure the dictionary is restored when the test
+ends.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from mock import patch
+ >>> foo = {}
+ >>> with patch.dict(foo, {'newkey': 'newvalue'}):
+ ... assert foo == {'newkey': 'newvalue'}
+ ...
+ >>> assert foo == {}
+
+ >>> import os
+ >>> with patch.dict('os.environ', {'newkey': 'newvalue'}):
+ ... print os.environ['newkey']
+ ...
+ newvalue
+ >>> assert 'newkey' not in os.environ
+
+Keywords can be used in the `patch.dict` call to set values in the dictionary:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> mymodule = MagicMock()
+ >>> mymodule.function.return_value = 'fish'
+ >>> with patch.dict('sys.modules', mymodule=mymodule):
+ ... import mymodule
+ ... mymodule.function('some', 'args')
+ ...
+ 'fish'
+
+`patch.dict` can be used with dictionary like objects that aren't actually
+dictionaries. At the very minimum they must support item getting, setting,
+deleting and either iteration or membership test. This corresponds to the
+magic methods `__getitem__`, `__setitem__`, `__delitem__` and either
+`__iter__` or `__contains__`.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class Container(object):
+ ... def __init__(self):
+ ... self.values = {}
+ ... def __getitem__(self, name):
+ ... return self.values[name]
+ ... def __setitem__(self, name, value):
+ ... self.values[name] = value
+ ... def __delitem__(self, name):
+ ... del self.values[name]
+ ... def __iter__(self):
+ ... return iter(self.values)
+ ...
+ >>> thing = Container()
+ >>> thing['one'] = 1
+ >>> with patch.dict(thing, one=2, two=3):
+ ... assert thing['one'] == 2
+ ... assert thing['two'] == 3
+ ...
+ >>> assert thing['one'] == 1
+ >>> assert list(thing) == ['one']
+
+
+patch.multiple
+==============
+
+.. function:: patch.multiple(target, spec=None, create=False, spec_set=None, autospec=None, new_callable=None, **kwargs)
+
+ Perform multiple patches in a single call. It takes the object to be
+ patched (either as an object or a string to fetch the object by importing)
+ and keyword arguments for the patches::
+
+ with patch.multiple(settings, FIRST_PATCH='one', SECOND_PATCH='two'):
+ ...
+
+ Use :data:`DEFAULT` as the value if you want `patch.multiple` to create
+ mocks for you. In this case the created mocks are passed into a decorated
+ function by keyword, and a dictionary is returned when `patch.multiple` is
+ used as a context manager.
+
+ `patch.multiple` can be used as a decorator, class decorator or a context
+ manager. The arguments `spec`, `spec_set`, `create`, `autospec` and
+ `new_callable` have the same meaning as for `patch`. These arguments will
+ be applied to *all* patches done by `patch.multiple`.
+
+ When used as a class decorator `patch.multiple` honours `patch.TEST_PREFIX`
+ for choosing which methods to wrap.
+
+If you want `patch.multiple` to create mocks for you, then you can use
+:data:`DEFAULT` as the value. If you use `patch.multiple` as a decorator
+then the created mocks are passed into the decorated function by keyword.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> thing = object()
+ >>> other = object()
+
+ >>> @patch.multiple('__main__', thing=DEFAULT, other=DEFAULT)
+ ... def test_function(thing, other):
+ ... assert isinstance(thing, MagicMock)
+ ... assert isinstance(other, MagicMock)
+ ...
+ >>> test_function()
+
+`patch.multiple` can be nested with other `patch` decorators, but put arguments
+passed by keyword *after* any of the standard arguments created by `patch`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> @patch('sys.exit')
+ ... @patch.multiple('__main__', thing=DEFAULT, other=DEFAULT)
+ ... def test_function(mock_exit, other, thing):
+ ... assert 'other' in repr(other)
+ ... assert 'thing' in repr(thing)
+ ... assert 'exit' in repr(mock_exit)
+ ...
+ >>> test_function()
+
+If `patch.multiple` is used as a context manager, the value returned by the
+context manger is a dictionary where created mocks are keyed by name:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> with patch.multiple('__main__', thing=DEFAULT, other=DEFAULT) as values:
+ ... assert 'other' in repr(values['other'])
+ ... assert 'thing' in repr(values['thing'])
+ ... assert values['thing'] is thing
+ ... assert values['other'] is other
+ ...
+
+
+.. _start-and-stop:
+
+patch methods: start and stop
+=============================
+
+All the patchers have `start` and `stop` methods. These make it simpler to do
+patching in `setUp` methods or where you want to do multiple patches without
+nesting decorators or with statements.
+
+To use them call `patch`, `patch.object` or `patch.dict` as normal and keep a
+reference to the returned `patcher` object. You can then call `start` to put
+the patch in place and `stop` to undo it.
+
+If you are using `patch` to create a mock for you then it will be returned by
+the call to `patcher.start`.
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> patcher = patch('package.module.ClassName')
+ >>> from package import module
+ >>> original = module.ClassName
+ >>> new_mock = patcher.start()
+ >>> assert module.ClassName is not original
+ >>> assert module.ClassName is new_mock
+ >>> patcher.stop()
+ >>> assert module.ClassName is original
+ >>> assert module.ClassName is not new_mock
+
+
+A typical use case for this might be for doing multiple patches in the `setUp`
+method of a `TestCase`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(TestCase):
+ ... def setUp(self):
+ ... self.patcher1 = patch('package.module.Class1')
+ ... self.patcher2 = patch('package.module.Class2')
+ ... self.MockClass1 = self.patcher1.start()
+ ... self.MockClass2 = self.patcher2.start()
+ ...
+ ... def tearDown(self):
+ ... self.patcher1.stop()
+ ... self.patcher2.stop()
+ ...
+ ... def test_something(self):
+ ... assert package.module.Class1 is self.MockClass1
+ ... assert package.module.Class2 is self.MockClass2
+ ...
+ >>> MyTest('test_something').run()
+
+.. caution::
+
+ If you use this technique you must ensure that the patching is "undone" by
+ calling `stop`. This can be fiddlier than you might think, because if an
+ exception is raised in the setUp then tearDown is not called. `unittest2
+ <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2>`_ cleanup functions make this
+ easier.
+
+ .. doctest::
+
+ >>> class MyTest(TestCase):
+ ... def setUp(self):
+ ... patcher = patch('package.module.Class')
+ ... self.MockClass = patcher.start()
+ ... self.addCleanup(patcher.stop)
+ ...
+ ... def test_something(self):
+ ... assert package.module.Class is self.MockClass
+ ...
+ >>> MyTest('test_something').run()
+
+ As an added bonus you no longer need to keep a reference to the `patcher`
+ object.
+
+It is also possible to stop all patches which have been started by using
+`patch.stopall`.
+
+.. function:: patch.stopall
+
+ Stop all active patches. Only stops patches started with `start`.
+
+
+TEST_PREFIX
+===========
+
+All of the patchers can be used as class decorators. When used in this way
+they wrap every test method on the class. The patchers recognise methods that
+start with `test` as being test methods. This is the same way that the
+`unittest.TestLoader` finds test methods by default.
+
+It is possible that you want to use a different prefix for your tests. You can
+inform the patchers of the different prefix by setting `patch.TEST_PREFIX`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> patch.TEST_PREFIX = 'foo'
+ >>> value = 3
+ >>>
+ >>> @patch('__main__.value', 'not three')
+ ... class Thing(object):
+ ... def foo_one(self):
+ ... print value
+ ... def foo_two(self):
+ ... print value
+ ...
+ >>>
+ >>> Thing().foo_one()
+ not three
+ >>> Thing().foo_two()
+ not three
+ >>> value
+ 3
+
+
+Nesting Patch Decorators
+========================
+
+If you want to perform multiple patches then you can simply stack up the
+decorators.
+
+You can stack up multiple patch decorators using this pattern:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> @patch.object(SomeClass, 'class_method')
+ ... @patch.object(SomeClass, 'static_method')
+ ... def test(mock1, mock2):
+ ... assert SomeClass.static_method is mock1
+ ... assert SomeClass.class_method is mock2
+ ... SomeClass.static_method('foo')
+ ... SomeClass.class_method('bar')
+ ... return mock1, mock2
+ ...
+ >>> mock1, mock2 = test()
+ >>> mock1.assert_called_once_with('foo')
+ >>> mock2.assert_called_once_with('bar')
+
+
+Note that the decorators are applied from the bottom upwards. This is the
+standard way that Python applies decorators. The order of the created mocks
+passed into your test function matches this order.
+
+Like all context-managers patches can be nested using contextlib's nested
+function; *every* patching will appear in the tuple after "as":
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> from contextlib import nested
+ >>> with nested(
+ ... patch('package.module.ClassName1'),
+ ... patch('package.module.ClassName2')
+ ... ) as (MockClass1, MockClass2):
+ ... assert package.module.ClassName1 is MockClass1
+ ... assert package.module.ClassName2 is MockClass2
+ ...
+
+
+.. _where-to-patch:
+
+Where to patch
+==============
+
+`patch` works by (temporarily) changing the object that a *name* points to with
+another one. There can be many names pointing to any individual object, so
+for patching to work you must ensure that you patch the name used by the system
+under test.
+
+The basic principle is that you patch where an object is *looked up*, which
+is not necessarily the same place as where it is defined. A couple of
+examples will help to clarify this.
+
+Imagine we have a project that we want to test with the following structure::
+
+ a.py
+ -> Defines SomeClass
+
+ b.py
+ -> from a import SomeClass
+ -> some_function instantiates SomeClass
+
+Now we want to test `some_function` but we want to mock out `SomeClass` using
+`patch`. The problem is that when we import module b, which we will have to
+do then it imports `SomeClass` from module a. If we use `patch` to mock out
+`a.SomeClass` then it will have no effect on our test; module b already has a
+reference to the *real* `SomeClass` and it looks like our patching had no
+effect.
+
+The key is to patch out `SomeClass` where it is used (or where it is looked up
+). In this case `some_function` will actually look up `SomeClass` in module b,
+where we have imported it. The patching should look like:
+
+ `@patch('b.SomeClass')`
+
+However, consider the alternative scenario where instead of `from a import
+SomeClass` module b does `import a` and `some_function` uses `a.SomeClass`. Both
+of these import forms are common. In this case the class we want to patch is
+being looked up on the a module and so we have to patch `a.SomeClass` instead:
+
+ `@patch('a.SomeClass')`
+
+
+Patching Descriptors and Proxy Objects
+======================================
+
+Since version 0.6.0 both patch_ and patch.object_ have been able to correctly
+patch and restore descriptors: class methods, static methods and properties.
+You should patch these on the *class* rather than an instance.
+
+Since version 0.7.0 patch_ and patch.object_ work correctly with some objects
+that proxy attribute access, like the `django setttings object
+<http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/weblog/arch_d7_2010_12_04.shtml#e1198>`_.
+
+.. note::
+
+ In django `import settings` and `from django.conf import settings`
+ return different objects. If you are using libraries / apps that do both you
+ may have to patch both. Grrr...
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/sentinel.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/sentinel.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1c5223da0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_sources/sentinel.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+==========
+ Sentinel
+==========
+
+
+.. currentmodule:: mock
+
+.. testsetup::
+
+ class ProductionClass(object):
+ def something(self):
+ return self.method()
+
+ class Test(unittest2.TestCase):
+ def testSomething(self):
+ pass
+ self = Test('testSomething')
+
+
+.. data:: sentinel
+
+ The ``sentinel`` object provides a convenient way of providing unique
+ objects for your tests.
+
+ Attributes are created on demand when you access them by name. Accessing
+ the same attribute will always return the same object. The objects
+ returned have a sensible repr so that test failure messages are readable.
+
+
+.. data:: DEFAULT
+
+ The `DEFAULT` object is a pre-created sentinel (actually
+ `sentinel.DEFAULT`). It can be used by :attr:`~Mock.side_effect`
+ functions to indicate that the normal return value should be used.
+
+
+Sentinel Example
+================
+
+Sometimes when testing you need to test that a specific object is passed as an
+argument to another method, or returned. It can be common to create named
+sentinel objects to test this. `sentinel` provides a convenient way of
+creating and testing the identity of objects like this.
+
+In this example we monkey patch `method` to return
+`sentinel.some_object`:
+
+.. doctest::
+
+ >>> real = ProductionClass()
+ >>> real.method = Mock(name="method")
+ >>> real.method.return_value = sentinel.some_object
+ >>> result = real.method()
+ >>> assert result is sentinel.some_object
+ >>> sentinel.some_object
+ sentinel.some_object
+
+
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/adctheme.css b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/adctheme.css
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..60395bcef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/adctheme.css
@@ -0,0 +1,757 @@
+/**
+ * Sphinx stylesheet -- basic theme
+ * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ */
+ h3 {
+ color:#000000;
+ font-size: 17px;
+ margin-bottom:0.5em;
+ margin-top:2em;
+ }
+/* -- main layout ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+div.clearer {
+ clear: both;
+}
+
+/* -- header ---------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+#header #title {
+ background:#29334F url(title_background.png) repeat-x scroll 0 0;
+ border-bottom:1px solid #B6B6B6;
+ height:25px;
+ overflow:hidden;
+}
+#headerButtons {
+ position: absolute;
+ list-style: none outside;
+ top: 26px;
+ left: 0px;
+ right: 0px;
+ margin: 0px;
+ padding: 0px;
+ border-top: 1px solid #2B334F;
+ border-bottom: 1px solid #EDEDED;
+ height: 20px;
+ font-size: 8pt;
+ overflow: hidden;
+ background-color: #D8D8D8;
+}
+
+#headerButtons li {
+ background-repeat:no-repeat;
+ display:inline;
+ margin-top:0;
+ padding:0;
+}
+
+.headerButton {
+ display: inline;
+ height:20px;
+}
+
+.headerButton a {
+ text-decoration: none;
+ float: right;
+ height: 20px;
+ padding: 4px 15px;
+ border-left: 1px solid #ACACAC;
+ font-family:'Lucida Grande',Geneva,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;
+ color: black;
+}
+.headerButton a:hover {
+ color: white;
+ background-color: #787878;
+
+}
+
+li#toc_button {
+ text-align:left;
+}
+
+li#toc_button .headerButton a {
+ width:198px;
+ padding-top: 4px;
+ font-family:'Lucida Grande',Geneva,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;
+ color: black;
+ float: left;
+ padding-left:15px;
+ border-right:1px solid #ACACAC;
+ background:transparent url(triangle_open.png) no-repeat scroll 4px 6px;
+}
+
+li#toc_button .headerButton a:hover {
+ background-color: #787878;
+ color: white;
+}
+
+li#page_buttons {
+position:absolute;
+right:0;
+}
+
+#breadcrumbs {
+ color: black;
+ background-image:url(breadcrumb_background.png);
+ border-top:1px solid #2B334F;
+ bottom:0;
+ font-size:10px;
+ height:15px;
+ left:0;
+ overflow:hidden;
+ padding:3px 10px 0;
+ position:absolute;
+ right:0;
+ white-space:nowrap;
+ z-index:901;
+}
+#breadcrumbs a {
+ color: black;
+ text-decoration: none;
+}
+#breadcrumbs a:hover {
+ text-decoration: underline;
+}
+#breadcrumbs img {
+ padding-left: 3px;
+}
+/* -- sidebar --------------------------------------------------------------- */
+#sphinxsidebar {
+ position: absolute;
+ top: 84px;
+ bottom: 19px;
+ left: 0px;
+ width: 229px;
+ background-color: #E4EBF7;
+ border-right: 1px solid #ACACAC;
+ border-top: 1px solid #2B334F;
+ overflow-x: hidden;
+ overflow-y: auto;
+ padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;
+ font-size:11px;
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+
+div.sphinxsidebarwrapper {
+ padding: 10px 5px 0 10px;
+}
+
+#sphinxsidebar li {
+ margin: 0px;
+ padding: 0px;
+ font-weight: normal;
+ margin: 0px 0px 7px 0px;
+ overflow: hidden;
+ text-overflow: ellipsis;
+ font-size: 11px;
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+
+#sphinxsidebar ul {
+ list-style: none;
+ margin: 0px 0px 0px 0px;
+ padding: 0px 5px 0px 5px;
+}
+
+#sphinxsidebar ul ul,
+#sphinxsidebar ul.want-points {
+ list-style: square;
+}
+
+#sphinxsidebar ul ul {
+ margin-top: 0;
+ margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+#sphinxsidebar form {
+ margin-top: 10px;
+}
+
+#sphinxsidebar input {
+ border: 1px solid #787878;
+ font-family: sans-serif;
+ font-size: 1em;
+}
+
+img {
+ border: 0;
+}
+
+#sphinxsidebar li.toctree-l1 a {
+ font-weight: bold;
+ color: #000;
+ text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+#sphinxsidebar li.toctree-l2 a {
+ font-weight: bold;
+ color: #4f4f4f;
+ text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+/* -- search page ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+ul.search {
+ margin: 10px 0 0 20px;
+ padding: 0;
+}
+
+ul.search li {
+ padding: 5px 0 5px 20px;
+ background-image: url(file.png);
+ background-repeat: no-repeat;
+ background-position: 0 7px;
+}
+
+ul.search li a {
+ font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+ul.search li div.context {
+ color: #888;
+ margin: 2px 0 0 30px;
+ text-align: left;
+}
+
+ul.keywordmatches li.goodmatch a {
+ font-weight: bold;
+}
+#sphinxsidebar input.prettysearch {border:none;}
+input.searchbutton {
+ float: right;
+}
+.search-wrapper {width: 100%; height: 25px;}
+.search-wrapper input.prettysearch { border: none; width:200px; height: 16px; background: url(searchfield_repeat.png) center top repeat-x; border: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 3px 0 0 0; font: 11px "Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Arial, sans-serif; }
+.search-wrapper input.prettysearch { width: 184px; margin-left: 20px; *margin-top:-1px; *margin-right:-2px; *margin-left:10px; }
+.search-wrapper .search-left { display: block; position: absolute; width: 20px; height: 19px; background: url(searchfield_leftcap.png) left top no-repeat; }
+.search-wrapper .search-right { display: block; position: relative; left: 204px; top: -19px; width: 10px; height: 19px; background: url(searchfield_rightcap.png) right top no-repeat; }
+
+/* -- index page ------------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+table.contentstable {
+ width: 90%;
+}
+
+table.contentstable p.biglink {
+ line-height: 150%;
+}
+
+a.biglink {
+ font-size: 1.3em;
+}
+
+span.linkdescr {
+ font-style: italic;
+ padding-top: 5px;
+ font-size: 90%;
+}
+
+/* -- general index --------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+table.indextable td {
+ text-align: left;
+ vertical-align: top;
+}
+
+table.indextable dl, table.indextable dd {
+ margin-top: 0;
+ margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+table.indextable tr.pcap {
+ height: 10px;
+}
+
+table.indextable tr.cap {
+ margin-top: 10px;
+ background-color: #f2f2f2;
+}
+
+img.toggler {
+ margin-right: 3px;
+ margin-top: 3px;
+ cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+/* -- general body styles --------------------------------------------------- */
+.document {
+ border-top:1px solid #2B334F;
+ overflow:auto;
+ padding-left:2em;
+ padding-right:2em;
+ position:absolute;
+ z-index:1;
+ top:84px;
+ bottom:19px;
+ right:0;
+ left:230px;
+}
+
+a.headerlink {
+ visibility: hidden;
+}
+
+h1:hover > a.headerlink,
+h2:hover > a.headerlink,
+h3:hover > a.headerlink,
+h4:hover > a.headerlink,
+h5:hover > a.headerlink,
+h6:hover > a.headerlink,
+dt:hover > a.headerlink {
+ visibility: visible;
+}
+
+div.body p.caption {
+ text-align: inherit;
+}
+
+div.body td {
+ text-align: left;
+}
+
+.field-list ul {
+ padding-left: 1em;
+}
+
+.first {
+ margin-top: 0 !important;
+}
+
+p.rubric {
+ margin-top: 30px;
+ font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+/* -- sidebars -------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/*div.sidebar {
+ margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em;
+ border: 1px solid #ddb;
+ padding: 7px 7px 0 7px;
+ background-color: #ffe;
+ width: 40%;
+ float: right;
+}
+
+p.sidebar-title {
+ font-weight: bold;
+}
+*/
+/* -- topics ---------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+div.topic {
+ border: 1px solid #ccc;
+ padding: 7px 7px 0 7px;
+ margin: 10px 0 10px 0;
+}
+
+p.topic-title {
+ font-size: 1.1em;
+ font-weight: bold;
+ margin-top: 10px;
+}
+
+/* -- admonitions ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+.admonition {
+ border: 1px solid #a1a5a9;
+ background-color: #f7f7f7;
+ margin: 20px;
+ padding: 0px 8px 7px 9px;
+ text-align: left;
+}
+.warning {
+ background-color:#E8E8E8;
+ border:1px solid #111111;
+ margin:30px;
+}
+.admonition p {
+ font: 12px 'Lucida Grande', Geneva, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+ margin-top: 7px;
+ margin-bottom: 0px;
+}
+
+div.admonition dt {
+ font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+div.admonition dl {
+ margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+p.admonition-title {
+ margin: 0px 10px 5px 0px;
+ font-weight: bold;
+ padding-top: 3px;
+}
+
+div.body p.centered {
+ text-align: center;
+ margin-top: 25px;
+}
+
+/* -- tables ---------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+table.docutils {
+ border-collapse: collapse;
+ border-top: 1px solid #919699;
+ border-left: 1px solid #919699;
+ border-right: 1px solid #919699;
+ font-size:12px;
+ padding:8px;
+ text-align:left;
+ vertical-align:top;
+}
+
+table.docutils td, table.docutils th {
+ padding: 8px;
+ font-size: 12px;
+ text-align: left;
+ vertical-align: top;
+ border-bottom: 1px solid #919699;
+}
+
+table.docutils th {
+ font-weight: bold;
+}
+/* This alternates colors in up to six table rows (light blue for odd, white for even)*/
+.docutils tr {
+ background: #F0F5F9;
+}
+
+.docutils tr + tr {
+ background: #FFFFFF;
+}
+
+.docutils tr + tr + tr {
+ background: #F0F5F9;
+}
+
+.docutils tr + tr + tr + tr {
+ background: #FFFFFF;
+}
+
+.docutils tr + tr + tr +tr + tr {
+ background: #F0F5F9;
+}
+
+.docutils tr + tr + tr + tr + tr + tr {
+ background: #FFFFFF;
+}
+
+.docutils tr + tr + tr + tr + tr + tr + tr {
+ background: #F0F5F9;
+}
+
+table.footnote td, table.footnote th {
+ border: 0 !important;
+}
+
+th {
+ text-align: left;
+ padding-right: 5px;
+}
+
+/* -- other body styles ----------------------------------------------------- */
+
+dl {
+ margin-bottom: 15px;
+}
+
+dd p {
+ margin-top: 0px;
+ font-size: 12px;
+}
+
+dd ul, dd table {
+ margin-bottom: 10px;
+}
+
+dd {
+ margin-top: 3px;
+ margin-bottom: 10px;
+ margin-left: 30px;
+ font-size: 12px;
+}
+
+dt:target, .highlight {
+ background-color: #fbe54e;
+}
+
+dl.glossary dt {
+ font-weight: bold;
+ font-size: 0.8em;
+}
+
+dl.glossary dd {
+ font-size:12px;
+}
+.field-list ul {
+ vertical-align: top;
+ margin: 0;
+ padding-bottom: 0;
+ list-style: none inside;
+}
+
+.field-list ul li {
+ margin-top: 0;
+}
+
+.field-list p {
+ margin: 0;
+}
+
+.refcount {
+ color: #060;
+}
+
+.optional {
+ font-size: 1.3em;
+}
+
+.versionmodified {
+ font-style: italic;
+}
+
+.system-message {
+ background-color: #fda;
+ padding: 5px;
+ border: 3px solid red;
+}
+
+.footnote:target {
+ background-color: #ffa
+}
+
+/* -- code displays --------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+pre {
+ overflow: auto;
+ background-color:#F1F5F9;
+ border:1px solid #C9D1D7;
+ border-spacing:0;
+ font-family:"Bitstream Vera Sans Mono",Monaco,"Lucida Console",Courier,Consolas,monospace;
+ font-size:11px;
+ padding: 10px;
+}
+
+td.linenos pre {
+ padding: 5px 0px;
+ border: 0;
+ background-color: transparent;
+ color: #aaa;
+}
+
+table.highlighttable {
+ margin-left: 0.5em;
+}
+
+table.highlighttable td {
+ padding: 0 0.5em 0 0.5em;
+}
+
+tt {
+ font-family:"Bitstream Vera Sans Mono",Monaco,"Lucida Console",Courier,Consolas,monospace;
+
+}
+
+tt.descname {
+ background-color: transparent;
+ font-weight: bold;
+ font-size: 1em;
+}
+
+tt.descclassname {
+ background-color: transparent;
+}
+
+tt.xref, a tt {
+ background-color: transparent;
+ font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+h1 tt, h2 tt, h3 tt, h4 tt, h5 tt, h6 tt {
+ background-color: transparent;
+}
+
+/* -- math display ---------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+img.math {
+ vertical-align: middle;
+}
+
+div.body div.math p {
+ text-align: center;
+}
+
+span.eqno {
+ float: right;
+}
+
+/* -- printout stylesheet --------------------------------------------------- */
+
+@media print {
+ div.document,
+ div.documentwrapper,
+ div.bodywrapper {
+ margin: 0;
+ width: 100%;
+ }
+
+ div.sphinxsidebar,
+ div.related,
+ div.footer,
+ #top-link {
+ display: none;
+ }
+}
+
+body {
+ font-family:'Lucida Grande',Geneva,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;
+}
+
+dl.class dt {
+ padding: 3px;
+/* border-top: 2px solid #999;*/
+}
+
+em.property {
+ font-style: normal;
+}
+
+dl.class dd p {
+ margin-top: 6px;
+}
+
+dl.class dd dl.exception dt {
+ padding: 3px;
+ background-color: #FFD6D6;
+ border-top: none;
+}
+
+dl.class dd dl.method dt {
+ padding: 3px;
+ background-color: #e9e9e9;
+ border-top: none;
+
+}
+
+dl.function dt {
+ padding: 3px;
+ border-top: 2px solid #999;
+}
+
+ul {
+list-style-image:none;
+list-style-position:outside;
+list-style-type:square;
+margin:0 0 0 30px;
+padding:0 0 12px 6px;
+}
+#docstitle {
+ height: 36px;
+ background-image: url(header_sm_mid.png);
+ left: 0;
+ top: 0;
+ position: absolute;
+ width: 100%;
+}
+#docstitle p {
+ padding:7px 0 0 45px;
+ margin: 0;
+ color: white;
+ text-shadow:0 1px 0 #787878;
+ background: transparent url(documentation.png) no-repeat scroll 10px 3px;
+ height: 36px;
+ font-size: 15px;
+}
+#header {
+height:45px;
+left:0;
+position:absolute;
+right:0;
+top:36px;
+z-index:900;
+}
+
+#header h1 {
+font-size:10pt;
+margin:0;
+padding:5px 0 0 10px;
+text-shadow:0 1px 0 #D5D5D5;
+white-space:nowrap;
+}
+
+h1 {
+-x-system-font:none;
+color:#000000;
+font-family:'Lucida Grande',Geneva,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;
+font-size:30px;
+font-size-adjust:none;
+font-stretch:normal;
+font-style:normal;
+font-variant:normal;
+font-weight:bold;
+line-height:normal;
+margin-bottom:25px;
+margin-top:1em;
+}
+
+.footer {
+border-top:1px solid #DDDDDD;
+clear:both;
+padding-top:9px;
+width:100%;
+font-size:10px;
+}
+
+p {
+-x-system-font:none;
+font-family:'Lucida Grande',Geneva,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;
+font-size:12px;
+font-size-adjust:none;
+font-stretch:normal;
+font-style:normal;
+font-variant:normal;
+font-weight:normal;
+line-height:normal;
+margin-bottom:10px;
+margin-top:0;
+}
+
+h2 {
+border-bottom:1px solid #919699;
+color:#000000;
+font-size:24px;
+margin-top:2.5em;
+padding-bottom:2px;
+}
+
+a:link:hover {
+color:#093D92;
+text-decoration:underline;
+}
+
+a:link {
+color:#093D92;
+text-decoration:none;
+}
+
+
+ol {
+list-style-position:outside;
+list-style-type:decimal;
+margin:0 0 0 30px;
+padding:0 0 12px 6px;
+}
+li {
+margin-top:7px;
+font-family:'Lucida Grande',Geneva,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;
+font-size:12px;
+font-size-adjust:none;
+font-stretch:normal;
+font-style:normal;
+font-variant:normal;
+font-weight:normal;
+line-height:normal;
+}
+li p {
+margin-top:8px;
+} \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/basic.css b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/basic.css
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..43e8bafaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/basic.css
@@ -0,0 +1,540 @@
+/*
+ * basic.css
+ * ~~~~~~~~~
+ *
+ * Sphinx stylesheet -- basic theme.
+ *
+ * :copyright: Copyright 2007-2011 by the Sphinx team, see AUTHORS.
+ * :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+ *
+ */
+
+/* -- main layout ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+div.clearer {
+ clear: both;
+}
+
+/* -- relbar ---------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+div.related {
+ width: 100%;
+ font-size: 90%;
+}
+
+div.related h3 {
+ display: none;
+}
+
+div.related ul {
+ margin: 0;
+ padding: 0 0 0 10px;
+ list-style: none;
+}
+
+div.related li {
+ display: inline;
+}
+
+div.related li.right {
+ float: right;
+ margin-right: 5px;
+}
+
+/* -- sidebar --------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+div.sphinxsidebarwrapper {
+ padding: 10px 5px 0 10px;
+}
+
+div.sphinxsidebar {
+ float: left;
+ width: 230px;
+ margin-left: -100%;
+ font-size: 90%;
+}
+
+div.sphinxsidebar ul {
+ list-style: none;
+}
+
+div.sphinxsidebar ul ul,
+div.sphinxsidebar ul.want-points {
+ margin-left: 20px;
+ list-style: square;
+}
+
+div.sphinxsidebar ul ul {
+ margin-top: 0;
+ margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+div.sphinxsidebar form {
+ margin-top: 10px;
+}
+
+div.sphinxsidebar input {
+ border: 1px solid #98dbcc;
+ font-family: sans-serif;
+ font-size: 1em;
+}
+
+div.sphinxsidebar #searchbox input[type="text"] {
+ width: 170px;
+}
+
+div.sphinxsidebar #searchbox input[type="submit"] {
+ width: 30px;
+}
+
+img {
+ border: 0;
+}
+
+/* -- search page ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+ul.search {
+ margin: 10px 0 0 20px;
+ padding: 0;
+}
+
+ul.search li {
+ padding: 5px 0 5px 20px;
+ background-image: url(file.png);
+ background-repeat: no-repeat;
+ background-position: 0 7px;
+}
+
+ul.search li a {
+ font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+ul.search li div.context {
+ color: #888;
+ margin: 2px 0 0 30px;
+ text-align: left;
+}
+
+ul.keywordmatches li.goodmatch a {
+ font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+/* -- index page ------------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+table.contentstable {
+ width: 90%;
+}
+
+table.contentstable p.biglink {
+ line-height: 150%;
+}
+
+a.biglink {
+ font-size: 1.3em;
+}
+
+span.linkdescr {
+ font-style: italic;
+ padding-top: 5px;
+ font-size: 90%;
+}
+
+/* -- general index --------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+table.indextable {
+ width: 100%;
+}
+
+table.indextable td {
+ text-align: left;
+ vertical-align: top;
+}
+
+table.indextable dl, table.indextable dd {
+ margin-top: 0;
+ margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+table.indextable tr.pcap {
+ height: 10px;
+}
+
+table.indextable tr.cap {
+ margin-top: 10px;
+ background-color: #f2f2f2;
+}
+
+img.toggler {
+ margin-right: 3px;
+ margin-top: 3px;
+ cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+div.modindex-jumpbox {
+ border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
+ border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
+ margin: 1em 0 1em 0;
+ padding: 0.4em;
+}
+
+div.genindex-jumpbox {
+ border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
+ border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
+ margin: 1em 0 1em 0;
+ padding: 0.4em;
+}
+
+/* -- general body styles --------------------------------------------------- */
+
+a.headerlink {
+ visibility: hidden;
+}
+
+h1:hover > a.headerlink,
+h2:hover > a.headerlink,
+h3:hover > a.headerlink,
+h4:hover > a.headerlink,
+h5:hover > a.headerlink,
+h6:hover > a.headerlink,
+dt:hover > a.headerlink {
+ visibility: visible;
+}
+
+div.body p.caption {
+ text-align: inherit;
+}
+
+div.body td {
+ text-align: left;
+}
+
+.field-list ul {
+ padding-left: 1em;
+}
+
+.first {
+ margin-top: 0 !important;
+}
+
+p.rubric {
+ margin-top: 30px;
+ font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+img.align-left, .figure.align-left, object.align-left {
+ clear: left;
+ float: left;
+ margin-right: 1em;
+}
+
+img.align-right, .figure.align-right, object.align-right {
+ clear: right;
+ float: right;
+ margin-left: 1em;
+}
+
+img.align-center, .figure.align-center, object.align-center {
+ display: block;
+ margin-left: auto;
+ margin-right: auto;
+}
+
+.align-left {
+ text-align: left;
+}
+
+.align-center {
+ text-align: center;
+}
+
+.align-right {
+ text-align: right;
+}
+
+/* -- sidebars -------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+div.sidebar {
+ margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em;
+ border: 1px solid #ddb;
+ padding: 7px 7px 0 7px;
+ background-color: #ffe;
+ width: 40%;
+ float: right;
+}
+
+p.sidebar-title {
+ font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+/* -- topics ---------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+div.topic {
+ border: 1px solid #ccc;
+ padding: 7px 7px 0 7px;
+ margin: 10px 0 10px 0;
+}
+
+p.topic-title {
+ font-size: 1.1em;
+ font-weight: bold;
+ margin-top: 10px;
+}
+
+/* -- admonitions ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+div.admonition {
+ margin-top: 10px;
+ margin-bottom: 10px;
+ padding: 7px;
+}
+
+div.admonition dt {
+ font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+div.admonition dl {
+ margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+p.admonition-title {
+ margin: 0px 10px 5px 0px;
+ font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+div.body p.centered {
+ text-align: center;
+ margin-top: 25px;
+}
+
+/* -- tables ---------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+table.docutils {
+ border: 0;
+ border-collapse: collapse;
+}
+
+table.docutils td, table.docutils th {
+ padding: 1px 8px 1px 5px;
+ border-top: 0;
+ border-left: 0;
+ border-right: 0;
+ border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;
+}
+
+table.field-list td, table.field-list th {
+ border: 0 !important;
+}
+
+table.footnote td, table.footnote th {
+ border: 0 !important;
+}
+
+th {
+ text-align: left;
+ padding-right: 5px;
+}
+
+table.citation {
+ border-left: solid 1px gray;
+ margin-left: 1px;
+}
+
+table.citation td {
+ border-bottom: none;
+}
+
+/* -- other body styles ----------------------------------------------------- */
+
+ol.arabic {
+ list-style: decimal;
+}
+
+ol.loweralpha {
+ list-style: lower-alpha;
+}
+
+ol.upperalpha {
+ list-style: upper-alpha;
+}
+
+ol.lowerroman {
+ list-style: lower-roman;
+}
+
+ol.upperroman {
+ list-style: upper-roman;
+}
+
+dl {
+ margin-bottom: 15px;
+}
+
+dd p {
+ margin-top: 0px;
+}
+
+dd ul, dd table {
+ margin-bottom: 10px;
+}
+
+dd {
+ margin-top: 3px;
+ margin-bottom: 10px;
+ margin-left: 30px;
+}
+
+dt:target, .highlighted {
+ background-color: #fbe54e;
+}
+
+dl.glossary dt {
+ font-weight: bold;
+ font-size: 1.1em;
+}
+
+.field-list ul {
+ margin: 0;
+ padding-left: 1em;
+}
+
+.field-list p {
+ margin: 0;
+}
+
+.refcount {
+ color: #060;
+}
+
+.optional {
+ font-size: 1.3em;
+}
+
+.versionmodified {
+ font-style: italic;
+}
+
+.system-message {
+ background-color: #fda;
+ padding: 5px;
+ border: 3px solid red;
+}
+
+.footnote:target {
+ background-color: #ffa;
+}
+
+.line-block {
+ display: block;
+ margin-top: 1em;
+ margin-bottom: 1em;
+}
+
+.line-block .line-block {
+ margin-top: 0;
+ margin-bottom: 0;
+ margin-left: 1.5em;
+}
+
+.guilabel, .menuselection {
+ font-family: sans-serif;
+}
+
+.accelerator {
+ text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+.classifier {
+ font-style: oblique;
+}
+
+abbr, acronym {
+ border-bottom: dotted 1px;
+ cursor: help;
+}
+
+/* -- code displays --------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+pre {
+ overflow: auto;
+ overflow-y: hidden; /* fixes display issues on Chrome browsers */
+}
+
+td.linenos pre {
+ padding: 5px 0px;
+ border: 0;
+ background-color: transparent;
+ color: #aaa;
+}
+
+table.highlighttable {
+ margin-left: 0.5em;
+}
+
+table.highlighttable td {
+ padding: 0 0.5em 0 0.5em;
+}
+
+tt.descname {
+ background-color: transparent;
+ font-weight: bold;
+ font-size: 1.2em;
+}
+
+tt.descclassname {
+ background-color: transparent;
+}
+
+tt.xref, a tt {
+ background-color: transparent;
+ font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+h1 tt, h2 tt, h3 tt, h4 tt, h5 tt, h6 tt {
+ background-color: transparent;
+}
+
+.viewcode-link {
+ float: right;
+}
+
+.viewcode-back {
+ float: right;
+ font-family: sans-serif;
+}
+
+div.viewcode-block:target {
+ margin: -1px -10px;
+ padding: 0 10px;
+}
+
+/* -- math display ---------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+img.math {
+ vertical-align: middle;
+}
+
+div.body div.math p {
+ text-align: center;
+}
+
+span.eqno {
+ float: right;
+}
+
+/* -- printout stylesheet --------------------------------------------------- */
+
+@media print {
+ div.document,
+ div.documentwrapper,
+ div.bodywrapper {
+ margin: 0 !important;
+ width: 100%;
+ }
+
+ div.sphinxsidebar,
+ div.related,
+ div.footer,
+ #top-link {
+ display: none;
+ }
+} \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/breadcrumb_background.png b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/breadcrumb_background.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9b45910e0
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+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/breadcrumb_background.png
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diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/default.css b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/default.css
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2a3ac1331
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/default.css
@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+/*
+ * default.css_t
+ * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ *
+ * Sphinx stylesheet -- default theme.
+ *
+ * :copyright: Copyright 2007-2010 by the Sphinx team, see AUTHORS.
+ * :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+ *
+ */
+
+@import url("basic.css");
+
+/* -- page layout ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+body {
+ font-family: sans-serif;
+ font-size: 100%;
+ background-color: #11303d;
+ color: #000;
+ margin: 0;
+ padding: 0;
+}
+
+div.document {
+ background-color: #1c4e63;
+}
+
+div.documentwrapper {
+ float: left;
+ width: 100%;
+}
+
+div.bodywrapper {
+ margin: 0 0 0 230px;
+}
+
+div.body {
+ background-color: #ffffff;
+ color: #000000;
+ padding: 0 20px 30px 20px;
+}
+
+div.footer {
+ color: #ffffff;
+ width: 100%;
+ padding: 9px 0 9px 0;
+ text-align: center;
+ font-size: 75%;
+}
+
+div.footer a {
+ color: #ffffff;
+ text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+div.related {
+ background-color: #133f52;
+ line-height: 30px;
+ color: #ffffff;
+}
+
+div.related a {
+ color: #ffffff;
+}
+
+div.sphinxsidebar {
+}
+
+div.sphinxsidebar h3 {
+ font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;
+ color: #ffffff;
+ font-size: 1.4em;
+ font-weight: normal;
+ margin: 0;
+ padding: 0;
+}
+
+div.sphinxsidebar h3 a {
+ color: #ffffff;
+}
+
+div.sphinxsidebar h4 {
+ font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;
+ color: #ffffff;
+ font-size: 1.3em;
+ font-weight: normal;
+ margin: 5px 0 0 0;
+ padding: 0;
+}
+
+div.sphinxsidebar p {
+ color: #ffffff;
+}
+
+div.sphinxsidebar p.topless {
+ margin: 5px 10px 10px 10px;
+}
+
+div.sphinxsidebar ul {
+ margin: 10px;
+ padding: 0;
+ color: #ffffff;
+}
+
+div.sphinxsidebar a {
+ color: #98dbcc;
+}
+
+div.sphinxsidebar input {
+ border: 1px solid #98dbcc;
+ font-family: sans-serif;
+ font-size: 1em;
+}
+
+
+
+/* -- hyperlink styles ------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+a {
+ color: #355f7c;
+ text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+a:visited {
+ color: #355f7c;
+ text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+a:hover {
+ text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+
+
+/* -- body styles ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+div.body h1,
+div.body h2,
+div.body h3,
+div.body h4,
+div.body h5,
+div.body h6 {
+ font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;
+ background-color: #f2f2f2;
+ font-weight: normal;
+ color: #20435c;
+ border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;
+ margin: 20px -20px 10px -20px;
+ padding: 3px 0 3px 10px;
+}
+
+div.body h1 { margin-top: 0; font-size: 200%; }
+div.body h2 { font-size: 160%; }
+div.body h3 { font-size: 140%; }
+div.body h4 { font-size: 120%; }
+div.body h5 { font-size: 110%; }
+div.body h6 { font-size: 100%; }
+
+a.headerlink {
+ color: #c60f0f;
+ font-size: 0.8em;
+ padding: 0 4px 0 4px;
+ text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+a.headerlink:hover {
+ background-color: #c60f0f;
+ color: white;
+}
+
+div.body p, div.body dd, div.body li {
+ text-align: justify;
+ line-height: 130%;
+}
+
+div.admonition p.admonition-title + p {
+ display: inline;
+}
+
+div.admonition p {
+ margin-bottom: 5px;
+}
+
+div.admonition pre {
+ margin-bottom: 5px;
+}
+
+div.admonition ul, div.admonition ol {
+ margin-bottom: 5px;
+}
+
+div.note {
+ background-color: #eee;
+ border: 1px solid #ccc;
+}
+
+div.seealso {
+ background-color: #ffc;
+ border: 1px solid #ff6;
+}
+
+div.topic {
+ background-color: #eee;
+}
+
+div.warning {
+ background-color: #ffe4e4;
+ border: 1px solid #f66;
+}
+
+p.admonition-title {
+ display: inline;
+}
+
+p.admonition-title:after {
+ content: ":";
+}
+
+pre {
+ padding: 5px;
+ background-color: #eeffcc;
+ color: #333333;
+ line-height: 120%;
+ border: 1px solid #ac9;
+ border-left: none;
+ border-right: none;
+}
+
+tt {
+ background-color: #ecf0f3;
+ padding: 0 1px 0 1px;
+ font-size: 0.95em;
+}
+
+th {
+ background-color: #ede;
+}
+
+.warning tt {
+ background: #efc2c2;
+}
+
+.note tt {
+ background: #d6d6d6;
+}
+
+.viewcode-back {
+ font-family: sans-serif;
+}
+
+div.viewcode-block:target {
+ background-color: #f4debf;
+ border-top: 1px solid #ac9;
+ border-bottom: 1px solid #ac9;
+} \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/doctools.js b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/doctools.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d4619fdfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/doctools.js
@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+/*
+ * doctools.js
+ * ~~~~~~~~~~~
+ *
+ * Sphinx JavaScript utilities for all documentation.
+ *
+ * :copyright: Copyright 2007-2011 by the Sphinx team, see AUTHORS.
+ * :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+ *
+ */
+
+/**
+ * select a different prefix for underscore
+ */
+$u = _.noConflict();
+
+/**
+ * make the code below compatible with browsers without
+ * an installed firebug like debugger
+if (!window.console || !console.firebug) {
+ var names = ["log", "debug", "info", "warn", "error", "assert", "dir",
+ "dirxml", "group", "groupEnd", "time", "timeEnd", "count", "trace",
+ "profile", "profileEnd"];
+ window.console = {};
+ for (var i = 0; i < names.length; ++i)
+ window.console[names[i]] = function() {};
+}
+ */
+
+/**
+ * small helper function to urldecode strings
+ */
+jQuery.urldecode = function(x) {
+ return decodeURIComponent(x).replace(/\+/g, ' ');
+}
+
+/**
+ * small helper function to urlencode strings
+ */
+jQuery.urlencode = encodeURIComponent;
+
+/**
+ * This function returns the parsed url parameters of the
+ * current request. Multiple values per key are supported,
+ * it will always return arrays of strings for the value parts.
+ */
+jQuery.getQueryParameters = function(s) {
+ if (typeof s == 'undefined')
+ s = document.location.search;
+ var parts = s.substr(s.indexOf('?') + 1).split('&');
+ var result = {};
+ for (var i = 0; i < parts.length; i++) {
+ var tmp = parts[i].split('=', 2);
+ var key = jQuery.urldecode(tmp[0]);
+ var value = jQuery.urldecode(tmp[1]);
+ if (key in result)
+ result[key].push(value);
+ else
+ result[key] = [value];
+ }
+ return result;
+};
+
+/**
+ * small function to check if an array contains
+ * a given item.
+ */
+jQuery.contains = function(arr, item) {
+ for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+ if (arr[i] == item)
+ return true;
+ }
+ return false;
+};
+
+/**
+ * highlight a given string on a jquery object by wrapping it in
+ * span elements with the given class name.
+ */
+jQuery.fn.highlightText = function(text, className) {
+ function highlight(node) {
+ if (node.nodeType == 3) {
+ var val = node.nodeValue;
+ var pos = val.toLowerCase().indexOf(text);
+ if (pos >= 0 && !jQuery(node.parentNode).hasClass(className)) {
+ var span = document.createElement("span");
+ span.className = className;
+ span.appendChild(document.createTextNode(val.substr(pos, text.length)));
+ node.parentNode.insertBefore(span, node.parentNode.insertBefore(
+ document.createTextNode(val.substr(pos + text.length)),
+ node.nextSibling));
+ node.nodeValue = val.substr(0, pos);
+ }
+ }
+ else if (!jQuery(node).is("button, select, textarea")) {
+ jQuery.each(node.childNodes, function() {
+ highlight(this);
+ });
+ }
+ }
+ return this.each(function() {
+ highlight(this);
+ });
+};
+
+/**
+ * Small JavaScript module for the documentation.
+ */
+var Documentation = {
+
+ init : function() {
+ this.fixFirefoxAnchorBug();
+ this.highlightSearchWords();
+ this.initIndexTable();
+ },
+
+ /**
+ * i18n support
+ */
+ TRANSLATIONS : {},
+ PLURAL_EXPR : function(n) { return n == 1 ? 0 : 1; },
+ LOCALE : 'unknown',
+
+ // gettext and ngettext don't access this so that the functions
+ // can safely bound to a different name (_ = Documentation.gettext)
+ gettext : function(string) {
+ var translated = Documentation.TRANSLATIONS[string];
+ if (typeof translated == 'undefined')
+ return string;
+ return (typeof translated == 'string') ? translated : translated[0];
+ },
+
+ ngettext : function(singular, plural, n) {
+ var translated = Documentation.TRANSLATIONS[singular];
+ if (typeof translated == 'undefined')
+ return (n == 1) ? singular : plural;
+ return translated[Documentation.PLURALEXPR(n)];
+ },
+
+ addTranslations : function(catalog) {
+ for (var key in catalog.messages)
+ this.TRANSLATIONS[key] = catalog.messages[key];
+ this.PLURAL_EXPR = new Function('n', 'return +(' + catalog.plural_expr + ')');
+ this.LOCALE = catalog.locale;
+ },
+
+ /**
+ * add context elements like header anchor links
+ */
+ addContextElements : function() {
+ $('div[id] > :header:first').each(function() {
+ $('<a class="headerlink">\u00B6</a>').
+ attr('href', '#' + this.id).
+ attr('title', _('Permalink to this headline')).
+ appendTo(this);
+ });
+ $('dt[id]').each(function() {
+ $('<a class="headerlink">\u00B6</a>').
+ attr('href', '#' + this.id).
+ attr('title', _('Permalink to this definition')).
+ appendTo(this);
+ });
+ },
+
+ /**
+ * workaround a firefox stupidity
+ */
+ fixFirefoxAnchorBug : function() {
+ if (document.location.hash && $.browser.mozilla)
+ window.setTimeout(function() {
+ document.location.href += '';
+ }, 10);
+ },
+
+ /**
+ * highlight the search words provided in the url in the text
+ */
+ highlightSearchWords : function() {
+ var params = $.getQueryParameters();
+ var terms = (params.highlight) ? params.highlight[0].split(/\s+/) : [];
+ if (terms.length) {
+ var body = $('div.body');
+ window.setTimeout(function() {
+ $.each(terms, function() {
+ body.highlightText(this.toLowerCase(), 'highlighted');
+ });
+ }, 10);
+ $('<p class="highlight-link"><a href="javascript:Documentation.' +
+ 'hideSearchWords()">' + _('Hide Search Matches') + '</a></p>')
+ .appendTo($('#searchbox'));
+ }
+ },
+
+ /**
+ * init the domain index toggle buttons
+ */
+ initIndexTable : function() {
+ var togglers = $('img.toggler').click(function() {
+ var src = $(this).attr('src');
+ var idnum = $(this).attr('id').substr(7);
+ $('tr.cg-' + idnum).toggle();
+ if (src.substr(-9) == 'minus.png')
+ $(this).attr('src', src.substr(0, src.length-9) + 'plus.png');
+ else
+ $(this).attr('src', src.substr(0, src.length-8) + 'minus.png');
+ }).css('display', '');
+ if (DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS.COLLAPSE_INDEX) {
+ togglers.click();
+ }
+ },
+
+ /**
+ * helper function to hide the search marks again
+ */
+ hideSearchWords : function() {
+ $('#searchbox .highlight-link').fadeOut(300);
+ $('span.highlighted').removeClass('highlighted');
+ },
+
+ /**
+ * make the url absolute
+ */
+ makeURL : function(relativeURL) {
+ return DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS.URL_ROOT + '/' + relativeURL;
+ },
+
+ /**
+ * get the current relative url
+ */
+ getCurrentURL : function() {
+ var path = document.location.pathname;
+ var parts = path.split(/\//);
+ $.each(DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS.URL_ROOT.split(/\//), function() {
+ if (this == '..')
+ parts.pop();
+ });
+ var url = parts.join('/');
+ return path.substring(url.lastIndexOf('/') + 1, path.length - 1);
+ }
+};
+
+// quick alias for translations
+_ = Documentation.gettext;
+
+$(document).ready(function() {
+ Documentation.init();
+});
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diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/jquery.js b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/jquery.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7c2430802
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/jquery.js
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+/*!
+ * jQuery JavaScript Library v1.4.2
+ * http://jquery.com/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, John Resig
+ * Dual licensed under the MIT or GPL Version 2 licenses.
+ * http://jquery.org/license
+ *
+ * Includes Sizzle.js
+ * http://sizzlejs.com/
+ * Copyright 2010, The Dojo Foundation
+ * Released under the MIT, BSD, and GPL Licenses.
+ *
+ * Date: Sat Feb 13 22:33:48 2010 -0500
+ */
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+.highlight .nd { color: #555555; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Decorator */
+.highlight .ni { color: #d55537; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Entity */
+.highlight .ne { color: #007020 } /* Name.Exception */
+.highlight .nf { color: #06287e } /* Name.Function */
+.highlight .nl { color: #002070; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Label */
+.highlight .nn { color: #0e84b5; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Namespace */
+.highlight .nt { color: #062873; font-weight: bold } /* Name.Tag */
+.highlight .nv { color: #bb60d5 } /* Name.Variable */
+.highlight .ow { color: #007020; font-weight: bold } /* Operator.Word */
+.highlight .w { color: #bbbbbb } /* Text.Whitespace */
+.highlight .mf { color: #40a070 } /* Literal.Number.Float */
+.highlight .mh { color: #40a070 } /* Literal.Number.Hex */
+.highlight .mi { color: #40a070 } /* Literal.Number.Integer */
+.highlight .mo { color: #40a070 } /* Literal.Number.Oct */
+.highlight .sb { color: #4070a0 } /* Literal.String.Backtick */
+.highlight .sc { color: #4070a0 } /* Literal.String.Char */
+.highlight .sd { color: #4070a0; font-style: italic } /* Literal.String.Doc */
+.highlight .s2 { color: #4070a0 } /* Literal.String.Double */
+.highlight .se { color: #4070a0; font-weight: bold } /* Literal.String.Escape */
+.highlight .sh { color: #4070a0 } /* Literal.String.Heredoc */
+.highlight .si { color: #70a0d0; font-style: italic } /* Literal.String.Interpol */
+.highlight .sx { color: #c65d09 } /* Literal.String.Other */
+.highlight .sr { color: #235388 } /* Literal.String.Regex */
+.highlight .s1 { color: #4070a0 } /* Literal.String.Single */
+.highlight .ss { color: #517918 } /* Literal.String.Symbol */
+.highlight .bp { color: #007020 } /* Name.Builtin.Pseudo */
+.highlight .vc { color: #bb60d5 } /* Name.Variable.Class */
+.highlight .vg { color: #bb60d5 } /* Name.Variable.Global */
+.highlight .vi { color: #bb60d5 } /* Name.Variable.Instance */
+.highlight .il { color: #40a070 } /* Literal.Number.Integer.Long */ \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/scrn1.png b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/scrn1.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6499b3cf7
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diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/scrn2.png b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/scrn2.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2a60215d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/scrn2.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/searchfield_leftcap.png b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/searchfield_leftcap.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cc00c22b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/searchfield_leftcap.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/searchfield_repeat.png b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/searchfield_repeat.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b429a16ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/searchfield_repeat.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/searchfield_rightcap.png b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/searchfield_rightcap.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8e13620ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/searchfield_rightcap.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/searchtools.js b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/searchtools.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..663be4c90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/searchtools.js
@@ -0,0 +1,560 @@
+/*
+ * searchtools.js_t
+ * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ *
+ * Sphinx JavaScript utilties for the full-text search.
+ *
+ * :copyright: Copyright 2007-2011 by the Sphinx team, see AUTHORS.
+ * :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+ *
+ */
+
+/**
+ * helper function to return a node containing the
+ * search summary for a given text. keywords is a list
+ * of stemmed words, hlwords is the list of normal, unstemmed
+ * words. the first one is used to find the occurance, the
+ * latter for highlighting it.
+ */
+
+jQuery.makeSearchSummary = function(text, keywords, hlwords) {
+ var textLower = text.toLowerCase();
+ var start = 0;
+ $.each(keywords, function() {
+ var i = textLower.indexOf(this.toLowerCase());
+ if (i > -1)
+ start = i;
+ });
+ start = Math.max(start - 120, 0);
+ var excerpt = ((start > 0) ? '...' : '') +
+ $.trim(text.substr(start, 240)) +
+ ((start + 240 - text.length) ? '...' : '');
+ var rv = $('<div class="context"></div>').text(excerpt);
+ $.each(hlwords, function() {
+ rv = rv.highlightText(this, 'highlighted');
+ });
+ return rv;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Porter Stemmer
+ */
+var Stemmer = function() {
+
+ var step2list = {
+ ational: 'ate',
+ tional: 'tion',
+ enci: 'ence',
+ anci: 'ance',
+ izer: 'ize',
+ bli: 'ble',
+ alli: 'al',
+ entli: 'ent',
+ eli: 'e',
+ ousli: 'ous',
+ ization: 'ize',
+ ation: 'ate',
+ ator: 'ate',
+ alism: 'al',
+ iveness: 'ive',
+ fulness: 'ful',
+ ousness: 'ous',
+ aliti: 'al',
+ iviti: 'ive',
+ biliti: 'ble',
+ logi: 'log'
+ };
+
+ var step3list = {
+ icate: 'ic',
+ ative: '',
+ alize: 'al',
+ iciti: 'ic',
+ ical: 'ic',
+ ful: '',
+ ness: ''
+ };
+
+ var c = "[^aeiou]"; // consonant
+ var v = "[aeiouy]"; // vowel
+ var C = c + "[^aeiouy]*"; // consonant sequence
+ var V = v + "[aeiou]*"; // vowel sequence
+
+ var mgr0 = "^(" + C + ")?" + V + C; // [C]VC... is m>0
+ var meq1 = "^(" + C + ")?" + V + C + "(" + V + ")?$"; // [C]VC[V] is m=1
+ var mgr1 = "^(" + C + ")?" + V + C + V + C; // [C]VCVC... is m>1
+ var s_v = "^(" + C + ")?" + v; // vowel in stem
+
+ this.stemWord = function (w) {
+ var stem;
+ var suffix;
+ var firstch;
+ var origword = w;
+
+ if (w.length < 3)
+ return w;
+
+ var re;
+ var re2;
+ var re3;
+ var re4;
+
+ firstch = w.substr(0,1);
+ if (firstch == "y")
+ w = firstch.toUpperCase() + w.substr(1);
+
+ // Step 1a
+ re = /^(.+?)(ss|i)es$/;
+ re2 = /^(.+?)([^s])s$/;
+
+ if (re.test(w))
+ w = w.replace(re,"$1$2");
+ else if (re2.test(w))
+ w = w.replace(re2,"$1$2");
+
+ // Step 1b
+ re = /^(.+?)eed$/;
+ re2 = /^(.+?)(ed|ing)$/;
+ if (re.test(w)) {
+ var fp = re.exec(w);
+ re = new RegExp(mgr0);
+ if (re.test(fp[1])) {
+ re = /.$/;
+ w = w.replace(re,"");
+ }
+ }
+ else if (re2.test(w)) {
+ var fp = re2.exec(w);
+ stem = fp[1];
+ re2 = new RegExp(s_v);
+ if (re2.test(stem)) {
+ w = stem;
+ re2 = /(at|bl|iz)$/;
+ re3 = new RegExp("([^aeiouylsz])\\1$");
+ re4 = new RegExp("^" + C + v + "[^aeiouwxy]$");
+ if (re2.test(w))
+ w = w + "e";
+ else if (re3.test(w)) {
+ re = /.$/;
+ w = w.replace(re,"");
+ }
+ else if (re4.test(w))
+ w = w + "e";
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Step 1c
+ re = /^(.+?)y$/;
+ if (re.test(w)) {
+ var fp = re.exec(w);
+ stem = fp[1];
+ re = new RegExp(s_v);
+ if (re.test(stem))
+ w = stem + "i";
+ }
+
+ // Step 2
+ re = /^(.+?)(ational|tional|enci|anci|izer|bli|alli|entli|eli|ousli|ization|ation|ator|alism|iveness|fulness|ousness|aliti|iviti|biliti|logi)$/;
+ if (re.test(w)) {
+ var fp = re.exec(w);
+ stem = fp[1];
+ suffix = fp[2];
+ re = new RegExp(mgr0);
+ if (re.test(stem))
+ w = stem + step2list[suffix];
+ }
+
+ // Step 3
+ re = /^(.+?)(icate|ative|alize|iciti|ical|ful|ness)$/;
+ if (re.test(w)) {
+ var fp = re.exec(w);
+ stem = fp[1];
+ suffix = fp[2];
+ re = new RegExp(mgr0);
+ if (re.test(stem))
+ w = stem + step3list[suffix];
+ }
+
+ // Step 4
+ re = /^(.+?)(al|ance|ence|er|ic|able|ible|ant|ement|ment|ent|ou|ism|ate|iti|ous|ive|ize)$/;
+ re2 = /^(.+?)(s|t)(ion)$/;
+ if (re.test(w)) {
+ var fp = re.exec(w);
+ stem = fp[1];
+ re = new RegExp(mgr1);
+ if (re.test(stem))
+ w = stem;
+ }
+ else if (re2.test(w)) {
+ var fp = re2.exec(w);
+ stem = fp[1] + fp[2];
+ re2 = new RegExp(mgr1);
+ if (re2.test(stem))
+ w = stem;
+ }
+
+ // Step 5
+ re = /^(.+?)e$/;
+ if (re.test(w)) {
+ var fp = re.exec(w);
+ stem = fp[1];
+ re = new RegExp(mgr1);
+ re2 = new RegExp(meq1);
+ re3 = new RegExp("^" + C + v + "[^aeiouwxy]$");
+ if (re.test(stem) || (re2.test(stem) && !(re3.test(stem))))
+ w = stem;
+ }
+ re = /ll$/;
+ re2 = new RegExp(mgr1);
+ if (re.test(w) && re2.test(w)) {
+ re = /.$/;
+ w = w.replace(re,"");
+ }
+
+ // and turn initial Y back to y
+ if (firstch == "y")
+ w = firstch.toLowerCase() + w.substr(1);
+ return w;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Search Module
+ */
+var Search = {
+
+ _index : null,
+ _queued_query : null,
+ _pulse_status : -1,
+
+ init : function() {
+ var params = $.getQueryParameters();
+ if (params.q) {
+ var query = params.q[0];
+ $('input[name="q"]')[0].value = query;
+ this.performSearch(query);
+ }
+ },
+
+ loadIndex : function(url) {
+ $.ajax({type: "GET", url: url, data: null, success: null,
+ dataType: "script", cache: true});
+ },
+
+ setIndex : function(index) {
+ var q;
+ this._index = index;
+ if ((q = this._queued_query) !== null) {
+ this._queued_query = null;
+ Search.query(q);
+ }
+ },
+
+ hasIndex : function() {
+ return this._index !== null;
+ },
+
+ deferQuery : function(query) {
+ this._queued_query = query;
+ },
+
+ stopPulse : function() {
+ this._pulse_status = 0;
+ },
+
+ startPulse : function() {
+ if (this._pulse_status >= 0)
+ return;
+ function pulse() {
+ Search._pulse_status = (Search._pulse_status + 1) % 4;
+ var dotString = '';
+ for (var i = 0; i < Search._pulse_status; i++)
+ dotString += '.';
+ Search.dots.text(dotString);
+ if (Search._pulse_status > -1)
+ window.setTimeout(pulse, 500);
+ };
+ pulse();
+ },
+
+ /**
+ * perform a search for something
+ */
+ performSearch : function(query) {
+ // create the required interface elements
+ this.out = $('#search-results');
+ this.title = $('<h2>' + _('Searching') + '</h2>').appendTo(this.out);
+ this.dots = $('<span></span>').appendTo(this.title);
+ this.status = $('<p style="display: none"></p>').appendTo(this.out);
+ this.output = $('<ul class="search"/>').appendTo(this.out);
+
+ $('#search-progress').text(_('Preparing search...'));
+ this.startPulse();
+
+ // index already loaded, the browser was quick!
+ if (this.hasIndex())
+ this.query(query);
+ else
+ this.deferQuery(query);
+ },
+
+ query : function(query) {
+ var stopwords = ["and","then","into","it","as","are","in","if","for","no","there","their","was","is","be","to","that","but","they","not","such","with","by","a","on","these","of","will","this","near","the","or","at"];
+
+ // Stem the searchterms and add them to the correct list
+ var stemmer = new Stemmer();
+ var searchterms = [];
+ var excluded = [];
+ var hlterms = [];
+ var tmp = query.split(/\s+/);
+ var objectterms = [];
+ for (var i = 0; i < tmp.length; i++) {
+ if (tmp[i] != "") {
+ objectterms.push(tmp[i].toLowerCase());
+ }
+
+ if ($u.indexOf(stopwords, tmp[i]) != -1 || tmp[i].match(/^\d+$/) ||
+ tmp[i] == "") {
+ // skip this "word"
+ continue;
+ }
+ // stem the word
+ var word = stemmer.stemWord(tmp[i]).toLowerCase();
+ // select the correct list
+ if (word[0] == '-') {
+ var toAppend = excluded;
+ word = word.substr(1);
+ }
+ else {
+ var toAppend = searchterms;
+ hlterms.push(tmp[i].toLowerCase());
+ }
+ // only add if not already in the list
+ if (!$.contains(toAppend, word))
+ toAppend.push(word);
+ };
+ var highlightstring = '?highlight=' + $.urlencode(hlterms.join(" "));
+
+ // console.debug('SEARCH: searching for:');
+ // console.info('required: ', searchterms);
+ // console.info('excluded: ', excluded);
+
+ // prepare search
+ var filenames = this._index.filenames;
+ var titles = this._index.titles;
+ var terms = this._index.terms;
+ var fileMap = {};
+ var files = null;
+ // different result priorities
+ var importantResults = [];
+ var objectResults = [];
+ var regularResults = [];
+ var unimportantResults = [];
+ $('#search-progress').empty();
+
+ // lookup as object
+ for (var i = 0; i < objectterms.length; i++) {
+ var others = [].concat(objectterms.slice(0,i),
+ objectterms.slice(i+1, objectterms.length))
+ var results = this.performObjectSearch(objectterms[i], others);
+ // Assume first word is most likely to be the object,
+ // other words more likely to be in description.
+ // Therefore put matches for earlier words first.
+ // (Results are eventually used in reverse order).
+ objectResults = results[0].concat(objectResults);
+ importantResults = results[1].concat(importantResults);
+ unimportantResults = results[2].concat(unimportantResults);
+ }
+
+ // perform the search on the required terms
+ for (var i = 0; i < searchterms.length; i++) {
+ var word = searchterms[i];
+ // no match but word was a required one
+ if ((files = terms[word]) == null)
+ break;
+ if (files.length == undefined) {
+ files = [files];
+ }
+ // create the mapping
+ for (var j = 0; j < files.length; j++) {
+ var file = files[j];
+ if (file in fileMap)
+ fileMap[file].push(word);
+ else
+ fileMap[file] = [word];
+ }
+ }
+
+ // now check if the files don't contain excluded terms
+ for (var file in fileMap) {
+ var valid = true;
+
+ // check if all requirements are matched
+ if (fileMap[file].length != searchterms.length)
+ continue;
+
+ // ensure that none of the excluded terms is in the
+ // search result.
+ for (var i = 0; i < excluded.length; i++) {
+ if (terms[excluded[i]] == file ||
+ $.contains(terms[excluded[i]] || [], file)) {
+ valid = false;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // if we have still a valid result we can add it
+ // to the result list
+ if (valid)
+ regularResults.push([filenames[file], titles[file], '', null]);
+ }
+
+ // delete unused variables in order to not waste
+ // memory until list is retrieved completely
+ delete filenames, titles, terms;
+
+ // now sort the regular results descending by title
+ regularResults.sort(function(a, b) {
+ var left = a[1].toLowerCase();
+ var right = b[1].toLowerCase();
+ return (left > right) ? -1 : ((left < right) ? 1 : 0);
+ });
+
+ // combine all results
+ var results = unimportantResults.concat(regularResults)
+ .concat(objectResults).concat(importantResults);
+
+ // print the results
+ var resultCount = results.length;
+ function displayNextItem() {
+ // results left, load the summary and display it
+ if (results.length) {
+ var item = results.pop();
+ var listItem = $('<li style="display:none"></li>');
+ if (DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS.FILE_SUFFIX == '') {
+ // dirhtml builder
+ var dirname = item[0] + '/';
+ if (dirname.match(/\/index\/$/)) {
+ dirname = dirname.substring(0, dirname.length-6);
+ } else if (dirname == 'index/') {
+ dirname = '';
+ }
+ listItem.append($('<a/>').attr('href',
+ DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS.URL_ROOT + dirname +
+ highlightstring + item[2]).html(item[1]));
+ } else {
+ // normal html builders
+ listItem.append($('<a/>').attr('href',
+ item[0] + DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS.FILE_SUFFIX +
+ highlightstring + item[2]).html(item[1]));
+ }
+ if (item[3]) {
+ listItem.append($('<span> (' + item[3] + ')</span>'));
+ Search.output.append(listItem);
+ listItem.slideDown(5, function() {
+ displayNextItem();
+ });
+ } else if (DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS.HAS_SOURCE) {
+ $.get(DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS.URL_ROOT + '_sources/' +
+ item[0] + '.txt', function(data) {
+ if (data != '') {
+ listItem.append($.makeSearchSummary(data, searchterms, hlterms));
+ Search.output.append(listItem);
+ }
+ listItem.slideDown(5, function() {
+ displayNextItem();
+ });
+ }, "text");
+ } else {
+ // no source available, just display title
+ Search.output.append(listItem);
+ listItem.slideDown(5, function() {
+ displayNextItem();
+ });
+ }
+ }
+ // search finished, update title and status message
+ else {
+ Search.stopPulse();
+ Search.title.text(_('Search Results'));
+ if (!resultCount)
+ Search.status.text(_('Your search did not match any documents. Please make sure that all words are spelled correctly and that you\'ve selected enough categories.'));
+ else
+ Search.status.text(_('Search finished, found %s page(s) matching the search query.').replace('%s', resultCount));
+ Search.status.fadeIn(500);
+ }
+ }
+ displayNextItem();
+ },
+
+ performObjectSearch : function(object, otherterms) {
+ var filenames = this._index.filenames;
+ var objects = this._index.objects;
+ var objnames = this._index.objnames;
+ var titles = this._index.titles;
+
+ var importantResults = [];
+ var objectResults = [];
+ var unimportantResults = [];
+
+ for (var prefix in objects) {
+ for (var name in objects[prefix]) {
+ var fullname = (prefix ? prefix + '.' : '') + name;
+ if (fullname.toLowerCase().indexOf(object) > -1) {
+ var match = objects[prefix][name];
+ var objname = objnames[match[1]][2];
+ var title = titles[match[0]];
+ // If more than one term searched for, we require other words to be
+ // found in the name/title/description
+ if (otherterms.length > 0) {
+ var haystack = (prefix + ' ' + name + ' ' +
+ objname + ' ' + title).toLowerCase();
+ var allfound = true;
+ for (var i = 0; i < otherterms.length; i++) {
+ if (haystack.indexOf(otherterms[i]) == -1) {
+ allfound = false;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ if (!allfound) {
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+ var descr = objname + _(', in ') + title;
+ anchor = match[3];
+ if (anchor == '')
+ anchor = fullname;
+ else if (anchor == '-')
+ anchor = objnames[match[1]][1] + '-' + fullname;
+ result = [filenames[match[0]], fullname, '#'+anchor, descr];
+ switch (match[2]) {
+ case 1: objectResults.push(result); break;
+ case 0: importantResults.push(result); break;
+ case 2: unimportantResults.push(result); break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // sort results descending
+ objectResults.sort(function(a, b) {
+ return (a[1] > b[1]) ? -1 : ((a[1] < b[1]) ? 1 : 0);
+ });
+
+ importantResults.sort(function(a, b) {
+ return (a[1] > b[1]) ? -1 : ((a[1] < b[1]) ? 1 : 0);
+ });
+
+ unimportantResults.sort(function(a, b) {
+ return (a[1] > b[1]) ? -1 : ((a[1] < b[1]) ? 1 : 0);
+ });
+
+ return [importantResults, objectResults, unimportantResults]
+ }
+}
+
+$(document).ready(function() {
+ Search.init();
+}); \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/sidebar.js b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/sidebar.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..731851711
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/sidebar.js
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+ * sidebar.js
+ * ~~~~~~~~~~
+ *
+ * This script makes the Sphinx sidebar collapsible.
+ *
+ * .sphinxsidebar contains .sphinxsidebarwrapper. This script adds
+ * in .sphixsidebar, after .sphinxsidebarwrapper, the #sidebarbutton
+ * used to collapse and expand the sidebar.
+ *
+ * When the sidebar is collapsed the .sphinxsidebarwrapper is hidden
+ * and the width of the sidebar and the margin-left of the document
+ * are decreased. When the sidebar is expanded the opposite happens.
+ * This script saves a per-browser/per-session cookie used to
+ * remember the position of the sidebar among the pages.
+ * Once the browser is closed the cookie is deleted and the position
+ * reset to the default (expanded).
+ *
+ * :copyright: Copyright 2007-2010 by the Sphinx team, see AUTHORS.
+ * :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+ *
+ */
+
+$(function() {
+ // global elements used by the functions.
+ // the 'sidebarbutton' element is defined as global after its
+ // creation, in the add_sidebar_button function
+ var bodywrapper = $('.bodywrapper');
+ var sidebar = $('.sphinxsidebar');
+ var sidebarwrapper = $('.sphinxsidebarwrapper');
+
+ // original margin-left of the bodywrapper and width of the sidebar
+ // with the sidebar expanded
+ var bw_margin_expanded = bodywrapper.css('margin-left');
+ var ssb_width_expanded = sidebar.width();
+
+ // margin-left of the bodywrapper and width of the sidebar
+ // with the sidebar collapsed
+ var bw_margin_collapsed = '.8em';
+ var ssb_width_collapsed = '.8em';
+
+ // colors used by the current theme
+ var dark_color = $('.related').css('background-color');
+ var light_color = $('.document').css('background-color');
+
+ function sidebar_is_collapsed() {
+ return sidebarwrapper.is(':not(:visible)');
+ }
+
+ function toggle_sidebar() {
+ if (sidebar_is_collapsed())
+ expand_sidebar();
+ else
+ collapse_sidebar();
+ }
+
+ function collapse_sidebar() {
+ sidebarwrapper.hide();
+ sidebar.css('width', ssb_width_collapsed);
+ bodywrapper.css('margin-left', bw_margin_collapsed);
+ sidebarbutton.css({
+ 'margin-left': '0',
+ 'height': bodywrapper.height()
+ });
+ sidebarbutton.find('span').text('»');
+ sidebarbutton.attr('title', _('Expand sidebar'));
+ document.cookie = 'sidebar=collapsed';
+ }
+
+ function expand_sidebar() {
+ bodywrapper.css('margin-left', bw_margin_expanded);
+ sidebar.css('width', ssb_width_expanded);
+ sidebarwrapper.show();
+ sidebarbutton.css({
+ 'margin-left': ssb_width_expanded-12,
+ 'height': bodywrapper.height()
+ });
+ sidebarbutton.find('span').text('«');
+ sidebarbutton.attr('title', _('Collapse sidebar'));
+ document.cookie = 'sidebar=expanded';
+ }
+
+ function add_sidebar_button() {
+ sidebarwrapper.css({
+ 'float': 'left',
+ 'margin-right': '0',
+ 'width': ssb_width_expanded - 28
+ });
+ // create the button
+ sidebar.append(
+ '<div id="sidebarbutton"><span>&laquo;</span></div>'
+ );
+ var sidebarbutton = $('#sidebarbutton');
+ light_color = sidebarbutton.css('background-color');
+ // find the height of the viewport to center the '<<' in the page
+ var viewport_height;
+ if (window.innerHeight)
+ viewport_height = window.innerHeight;
+ else
+ viewport_height = $(window).height();
+ sidebarbutton.find('span').css({
+ 'display': 'block',
+ 'margin-top': (viewport_height - sidebar.position().top - 20) / 2
+ });
+
+ sidebarbutton.click(toggle_sidebar);
+ sidebarbutton.attr('title', _('Collapse sidebar'));
+ sidebarbutton.css({
+ 'color': '#FFFFFF',
+ 'border-left': '1px solid ' + dark_color,
+ 'font-size': '1.2em',
+ 'cursor': 'pointer',
+ 'height': bodywrapper.height(),
+ 'padding-top': '1px',
+ 'margin-left': ssb_width_expanded - 12
+ });
+
+ sidebarbutton.hover(
+ function () {
+ $(this).css('background-color', dark_color);
+ },
+ function () {
+ $(this).css('background-color', light_color);
+ }
+ );
+ }
+
+ function set_position_from_cookie() {
+ if (!document.cookie)
+ return;
+ var items = document.cookie.split(';');
+ for(var k=0; k<items.length; k++) {
+ var key_val = items[k].split('=');
+ var key = key_val[0];
+ if (key == 'sidebar') {
+ var value = key_val[1];
+ if ((value == 'collapsed') && (!sidebar_is_collapsed()))
+ collapse_sidebar();
+ else if ((value == 'expanded') && (sidebar_is_collapsed()))
+ expand_sidebar();
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ add_sidebar_button();
+ var sidebarbutton = $('#sidebarbutton');
+ set_position_from_cookie();
+});
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/title_background.png b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/title_background.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6fcd1cda8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/title_background.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/toc.js b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/toc.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7b709785d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/toc.js
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+var TOC = {
+ load: function () {
+ $('#toc_button').click(TOC.toggle);
+ },
+
+ toggle: function () {
+ if ($('#sphinxsidebar').toggle().is(':hidden')) {
+ $('div.document').css('left', "0px");
+ $('toc_button').removeClass("open");
+ } else {
+ $('div.document').css('left', "230px");
+ $('#toc_button').addClass("open");
+ }
+ return $('#sphinxsidebar');
+ }
+};
+
+$(document).ready(function () {
+ TOC.load();
+}); \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/triangle_closed.png b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/triangle_closed.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1e7f7bba2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/triangle_closed.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/triangle_left.png b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/triangle_left.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2d86be7df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/triangle_left.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/triangle_open.png b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/triangle_open.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e5d3bfdad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/triangle_open.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/underscore.js b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/underscore.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5d8991434
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/_static/underscore.js
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// Underscore.js 0.5.5
+// (c) 2009 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud Inc.
+// Underscore is freely distributable under the terms of the MIT license.
+// Portions of Underscore are inspired by or borrowed from Prototype.js,
+// Oliver Steele's Functional, and John Resig's Micro-Templating.
+// For all details and documentation:
+// http://documentcloud.github.com/underscore/
+(function(){var j=this,n=j._,i=function(a){this._wrapped=a},m=typeof StopIteration!=="undefined"?StopIteration:"__break__",b=j._=function(a){return new i(a)};if(typeof exports!=="undefined")exports._=b;var k=Array.prototype.slice,o=Array.prototype.unshift,p=Object.prototype.toString,q=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,r=Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable;b.VERSION="0.5.5";b.each=function(a,c,d){try{if(a.forEach)a.forEach(c,d);else if(b.isArray(a)||b.isArguments(a))for(var e=0,f=a.length;e<f;e++)c.call(d,
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+var c=[];for(var d in a)q.call(a,d)&&c.push(d);return c};b.values=function(a){return b.map(a,b.identity)};b.functions=function(a){return b.select(b.keys(a),function(c){return b.isFunction(a[c])}).sort()};b.extend=function(a,c){for(var d in c)a[d]=c[d];return a};b.clone=function(a){if(b.isArray(a))return a.slice(0);return b.extend({},a)};b.tap=function(a,c){c(a);return a};b.isEqual=function(a,c){if(a===c)return true;var d=typeof a;if(d!=typeof c)return false;if(a==c)return true;if(!a&&c||a&&!c)return false;
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+0};b.isElement=function(a){return!!(a&&a.nodeType==1)};b.isArray=function(a){return!!(a&&a.concat&&a.unshift)};b.isArguments=function(a){return a&&b.isNumber(a.length)&&!b.isArray(a)&&!r.call(a,"length")};b.isFunction=function(a){return!!(a&&a.constructor&&a.call&&a.apply)};b.isString=function(a){return!!(a===""||a&&a.charCodeAt&&a.substr)};b.isNumber=function(a){return p.call(a)==="[object Number]"};b.isDate=function(a){return!!(a&&a.getTimezoneOffset&&a.setUTCFullYear)};b.isRegExp=function(a){return!!(a&&
+a.test&&a.exec&&(a.ignoreCase||a.ignoreCase===false))};b.isNaN=function(a){return b.isNumber(a)&&isNaN(a)};b.isNull=function(a){return a===null};b.isUndefined=function(a){return typeof a=="undefined"};b.noConflict=function(){j._=n;return this};b.identity=function(a){return a};b.breakLoop=function(){throw m;};var s=0;b.uniqueId=function(a){var c=s++;return a?a+c:c};b.template=function(a,c){a=new Function("obj","var p=[],print=function(){p.push.apply(p,arguments);};with(obj){p.push('"+a.replace(/[\r\t\n]/g,
+" ").replace(/'(?=[^%]*%>)/g,"\t").split("'").join("\\'").split("\t").join("'").replace(/<%=(.+?)%>/g,"',$1,'").split("<%").join("');").split("%>").join("p.push('")+"');}return p.join('');");return c?a(c):a};b.forEach=b.each;b.foldl=b.inject=b.reduce;b.foldr=b.reduceRight;b.filter=b.select;b.every=b.all;b.some=b.any;b.head=b.first;b.tail=b.rest;b.methods=b.functions;var l=function(a,c){return c?b(a).chain():a};b.each(b.functions(b),function(a){var c=b[a];i.prototype[a]=function(){var d=b.toArray(arguments);
+o.call(d,this._wrapped);return l(c.apply(b,d),this._chain)}});b.each(["pop","push","reverse","shift","sort","splice","unshift"],function(a){var c=Array.prototype[a];i.prototype[a]=function(){c.apply(this._wrapped,arguments);return l(this._wrapped,this._chain)}});b.each(["concat","join","slice"],function(a){var c=Array.prototype[a];i.prototype[a]=function(){return l(c.apply(this._wrapped,arguments),this._chain)}});i.prototype.chain=function(){this._chain=true;return this};i.prototype.value=function(){return this._wrapped}})();
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/changelog.html b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/changelog.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c4b935d2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/changelog.html
@@ -0,0 +1,839 @@
+
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+
+
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
+ <head>
+ <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+
+ <title>CHANGELOG &mdash; Mock 1.0.0 documentation</title>
+
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/nature.css" type="text/css" />
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
+
+ <script type="text/javascript">
+ var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = {
+ URL_ROOT: '',
+ VERSION: '1.0.0',
+ COLLAPSE_INDEX: false,
+ FILE_SUFFIX: '.html',
+ HAS_SOURCE: true
+ };
+ </script>
+ <script type="text/javascript" src="_static/jquery.js"></script>
+ <script type="text/javascript" src="_static/underscore.js"></script>
+ <script type="text/javascript" src="_static/doctools.js"></script>
+ <link rel="top" title="Mock 1.0.0 documentation" href="index.html" />
+ <link rel="prev" title="Mock Library Comparison" href="compare.html" />
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ <div class="related">
+ <h3>Navigation</h3>
+ <ul>
+ <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
+ <a href="genindex.html" title="General Index"
+ accesskey="I">index</a></li>
+ <li class="right" >
+ <a href="compare.html" title="Mock Library Comparison"
+ accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li>
+ <li><a href="index.html">Mock 1.0.0 documentation</a> &raquo;</li>
+ </ul>
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="document">
+ <div class="documentwrapper">
+ <div class="bodywrapper">
+ <div class="body">
+
+ <div class="section" id="changelog">
+<h1>CHANGELOG<a class="headerlink" href="#changelog" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<div class="section" id="version-1-0-0">
+<h2>2012/10/07 Version 1.0.0<a class="headerlink" href="#version-1-0-0" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>No changes since 1.0.0 beta 1. This version has feature parity with
+<a class="reference external" href="http://docs.python.org/py3k/library/unittest.mock.html#module-unittest.mock">unittest.mock</a>
+in Python 3.3.</p>
+<p>Full list of changes since 0.8:</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><cite>mocksignature</cite>, along with the <cite>mocksignature</cite> argument to <cite>patch</cite>, removed</li>
+<li>Support for deleting attributes (accessing deleted attributes will raise an
+<cite>AttributeError</cite>)</li>
+<li>Added the <cite>mock_open</cite> helper function for mocking the builtin <cite>open</cite></li>
+<li><cite>__class__</cite> is assignable, so a mock can pass an <cite>isinstance</cite> check without
+requiring a spec</li>
+<li>Addition of <cite>PropertyMock</cite>, for mocking properties</li>
+<li><cite>MagicMocks</cite> made unorderable by default (in Python 3). The comparison
+methods (other than equality and inequality) now return <cite>NotImplemented</cite></li>
+<li>Propagate traceback info to support subclassing of <cite>_patch</cite> by other
+libraries</li>
+<li><cite>create_autospec</cite> works with attributes present in results of <cite>dir</cite> that
+can&#8217;t be fetched from the object&#8217;s class. Contributed by Konstantine Rybnikov</li>
+<li>Any exceptions in an iterable <cite>side_effect</cite> will be raised instead of
+returned</li>
+<li>In Python 3, <cite>create_autospec</cite> now supports keyword only arguments</li>
+<li>Added <cite>patch.stopall</cite> method to stop all active patches created by <cite>start</cite></li>
+<li>BUGFIX: calling <cite>MagicMock.reset_mock</cite> wouldn&#8217;t reset magic method mocks</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: calling <cite>reset_mock</cite> on a <cite>MagicMock</cite> created with autospec could
+raise an exception</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: passing multiple spec arguments to patchers (<cite>spec</cite> , <cite>spec_set</cite> and
+<cite>autospec</cite>) had unpredictable results, now it is an error</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: using <cite>spec=True</cite> <em>and</em> <cite>create=True</cite> as arguments to patchers could
+result in using <cite>DEFAULT</cite> as the spec. Now it is an error instead</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: using <cite>spec</cite> or <cite>autospec</cite> arguments to patchers, along with
+<cite>spec_set=True</cite> did not work correctly</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: using an object that evaluates to False as a spec could be ignored</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: a list as the <cite>spec</cite> argument to a patcher would always result in a
+non-callable mock. Now if <cite>__call__</cite> is in the spec the mock is callable</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-1-0-0-beta-1">
+<h2>2012/07/13 Version 1.0.0 beta 1<a class="headerlink" href="#version-1-0-0-beta-1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>Added <cite>patch.stopall</cite> method to stop all active patches created by <cite>start</cite></li>
+<li>BUGFIX: calling <cite>MagicMock.reset_mock</cite> wouldn&#8217;t reset magic method mocks</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: calling <cite>reset_mock</cite> on a <cite>MagicMock</cite> created with autospec could
+raise an exception</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-1-0-0-alpha-2">
+<h2>2012/05/04 Version 1.0.0 alpha 2<a class="headerlink" href="#version-1-0-0-alpha-2" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><cite>PropertyMock</cite> attributes are now standard <cite>MagicMocks</cite></li>
+<li><cite>create_autospec</cite> works with attributes present in results of <cite>dir</cite> that
+can&#8217;t be fetched from the object&#8217;s class. Contributed by Konstantine Rybnikov</li>
+<li>Any exceptions in an iterable <cite>side_effect</cite> will be raised instead of
+returned</li>
+<li>In Python 3, <cite>create_autospec</cite> now supports keyword only arguments</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-1-0-0-alpha-1">
+<h2>2012/03/25 Version 1.0.0 alpha 1<a class="headerlink" href="#version-1-0-0-alpha-1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>The standard library version!</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><cite>mocksignature</cite>, along with the <cite>mocksignature</cite> argument to <cite>patch</cite>, removed</li>
+<li>Support for deleting attributes (accessing deleted attributes will raise an
+<cite>AttributeError</cite>)</li>
+<li>Added the <cite>mock_open</cite> helper function for mocking the builtin <cite>open</cite></li>
+<li><cite>__class__</cite> is assignable, so a mock can pass an <cite>isinstance</cite> check without
+requiring a spec</li>
+<li>Addition of <cite>PropertyMock</cite>, for mocking properties</li>
+<li><cite>MagicMocks</cite> made unorderable by default (in Python 3). The comparison
+methods (other than equality and inequality) now return <cite>NotImplemented</cite></li>
+<li>Propagate traceback info to support subclassing of <cite>_patch</cite> by other
+libraries</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: passing multiple spec arguments to patchers (<cite>spec</cite> , <cite>spec_set</cite> and
+<cite>autospec</cite>) had unpredictable results, now it is an error</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: using <cite>spec=True</cite> <em>and</em> <cite>create=True</cite> as arguments to patchers could
+result in using <cite>DEFAULT</cite> as the spec. Now it is an error instead</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: using <cite>spec</cite> or <cite>autospec</cite> arguments to patchers, along with
+<cite>spec_set=True</cite> did not work correctly</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: using an object that evaluates to False as a spec could be ignored</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: a list as the <cite>spec</cite> argument to a patcher would always result in a
+non-callable mock. Now if <cite>__call__</cite> is in the spec the mock is callable</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-8-0">
+<h2>2012/02/13 Version 0.8.0<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-8-0" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>The only changes since 0.8rc2 are:</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>Improved repr of <a class="reference internal" href="sentinel.html#mock.sentinel" title="mock.sentinel"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">sentinel</span></tt></a> objects</li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.ANY" title="mock.ANY"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">ANY</span></tt></a> can be used for comparisons against <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.call" title="mock.call"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">call</span></tt></a> objects</li>
+<li>The return value of <cite>MagicMock.__iter__</cite> method can be set to
+any iterable and isn&#8217;t required to be an iterator</li>
+</ul>
+<p>Full List of changes since 0.7:</p>
+<p>mock 0.8.0 is the last version that will support Python 2.4.</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>Addition of <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.mock_calls" title="mock.Mock.mock_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">mock_calls</span></tt></a> list for <em>all</em> calls (including magic
+methods and chained calls)</li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch" title="mock.patch"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch()</span></tt></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch.object" title="mock.patch.object"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch.object()</span></tt></a> now create a <a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#mock.MagicMock" title="mock.MagicMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt></a>
+instead of a <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock" title="mock.Mock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock</span></tt></a> by default</li>
+<li>The patchers (<cite>patch</cite>, <cite>patch.object</cite> and <cite>patch.dict</cite>), plus <cite>Mock</cite> and
+<cite>MagicMock</cite>, take arbitrary keyword arguments for configuration</li>
+<li>New mock method <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.configure_mock" title="mock.Mock.configure_mock"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">configure_mock()</span></tt></a> for setting attributes and
+return values / side effects on the mock and its attributes</li>
+<li>New mock assert methods <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.assert_any_call" title="mock.Mock.assert_any_call"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">assert_any_call()</span></tt></a> and
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.assert_has_calls" title="mock.Mock.assert_has_calls"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">assert_has_calls()</span></tt></a></li>
+<li>Implemented <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#auto-speccing"><em>Autospeccing</em></a> (recursive, lazy speccing of mocks with
+mocked signatures for functions/methods), as the <cite>autospec</cite> argument to
+<cite>patch</cite></li>
+<li>Added the <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.create_autospec" title="mock.create_autospec"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">create_autospec()</span></tt></a> function for manually creating
+&#8216;auto-specced&#8217; mocks</li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch.multiple" title="mock.patch.multiple"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch.multiple()</span></tt></a> for doing multiple patches in a single call, using
+keyword arguments</li>
+<li>Setting <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.side_effect" title="mock.Mock.side_effect"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt></a> to an iterable will cause calls to the mock
+to return the next value from the iterable</li>
+<li>New <cite>new_callable</cite> argument to <cite>patch</cite> and <cite>patch.object</cite> allowing you to
+pass in a class or callable object (instead of <cite>MagicMock</cite>) that will be
+called to replace the object being patched</li>
+<li>Addition of <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.NonCallableMock" title="mock.NonCallableMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">NonCallableMock</span></tt></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#mock.NonCallableMagicMock" title="mock.NonCallableMagicMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">NonCallableMagicMock</span></tt></a>, mocks
+without a <cite>__call__</cite> method</li>
+<li>Addition of <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.mock_add_spec" title="mock.Mock.mock_add_spec"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">mock_add_spec()</span></tt></a> method for adding (or changing) a
+spec on an existing mock</li>
+<li>Protocol methods on <a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#mock.MagicMock" title="mock.MagicMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt></a> are magic mocks, and are created
+lazily on first lookup. This means the result of calling a protocol method is
+a <cite>MagicMock</cite> instead of a <cite>Mock</cite> as it was previously</li>
+<li>Addition of <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.attach_mock" title="mock.Mock.attach_mock"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">attach_mock()</span></tt></a> method</li>
+<li>Added <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.ANY" title="mock.ANY"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">ANY</span></tt></a> for ignoring arguments in <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.assert_called_with" title="mock.Mock.assert_called_with"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">assert_called_with()</span></tt></a>
+calls</li>
+<li>Addition of <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.call" title="mock.call"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">call</span></tt></a> helper object</li>
+<li>Improved repr for mocks</li>
+<li>Improved repr for <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.call_args" title="mock.Mock.call_args"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock.call_args</span></tt></a> and entries in
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.call_args_list" title="mock.Mock.call_args_list"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock.call_args_list</span></tt></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.method_calls" title="mock.Mock.method_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock.method_calls</span></tt></a> and
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.mock_calls" title="mock.Mock.mock_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock.mock_calls</span></tt></a></li>
+<li>Improved repr for <a class="reference internal" href="sentinel.html#mock.sentinel" title="mock.sentinel"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">sentinel</span></tt></a> objects</li>
+<li><cite>patch</cite> lookup is done at use time not at decoration time</li>
+<li>In Python 2.6 or more recent, <cite>dir</cite> on a mock will report all the dynamically
+created attributes (or the full list of attributes if there is a spec) as
+well as all the mock methods and attributes.</li>
+<li>Module level <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.FILTER_DIR" title="mock.FILTER_DIR"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">FILTER_DIR</span></tt></a> added to control whether <cite>dir(mock)</cite> filters
+private attributes. <cite>True</cite> by default.</li>
+<li><cite>patch.TEST_PREFIX</cite> for controlling how patchers recognise test methods when
+used to decorate a class</li>
+<li>Support for using Java exceptions as a <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.side_effect" title="mock.Mock.side_effect"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt></a> on Jython</li>
+<li><cite>Mock</cite> call lists (<cite>call_args_list</cite>, <cite>method_calls</cite> &amp; <cite>mock_calls</cite>) are now
+custom list objects that allow membership tests for &#8220;sub lists&#8221; and have
+a nicer representation if you <cite>str</cite> or <cite>print</cite> them</li>
+<li>Mocks attached as attributes or return values to other mocks have calls
+recorded in <cite>method_calls</cite> and <cite>mock_calls</cite> of the parent (unless a name is
+already set on the child)</li>
+<li>Improved failure messages for <cite>assert_called_with</cite> and
+<cite>assert_called_once_with</cite></li>
+<li>The return value of the <a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#mock.MagicMock" title="mock.MagicMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt></a> <cite>__iter__</cite> method can be set to
+any iterable and isn&#8217;t required to be an iterator</li>
+<li>Added the Mock API (<cite>assert_called_with</cite> etc) to functions created by
+<tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">mocksignature()</span></tt></li>
+<li>Tuples as well as lists can be used to specify allowed methods for <cite>spec</cite> &amp;
+<cite>spec_set</cite> arguments</li>
+<li>Calling <cite>stop</cite> on an unstarted patcher fails with a more meaningful error
+message</li>
+<li>Renamed the internal classes <cite>Sentinel</cite> and <cite>SentinelObject</cite> to prevent abuse</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: an error creating a patch, with nested patch decorators, won&#8217;t leave
+patches in place</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: <cite>__truediv__</cite> and <cite>__rtruediv__</cite> not available as magic methods on
+mocks in Python 3</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: <cite>assert_called_with</cite> / <cite>assert_called_once_with</cite> can be used with
+<cite>self</cite> as a keyword argument</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: when patching a class with an explicit spec / spec_set (not a
+boolean) it applies &#8220;spec inheritance&#8221; to the return value of the created
+mock (the &#8220;instance&#8221;)</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: remove the <cite>__unittest</cite> marker causing traceback truncation</li>
+<li>Removal of deprecated <cite>patch_object</cite></li>
+<li>Private attributes <cite>_name</cite>, <cite>_methods</cite>, &#8216;_children&#8217;, <cite>_wraps</cite> and <cite>_parent</cite>
+(etc) renamed to reduce likelihood of clash with user attributes.</li>
+<li>Added license file to the distribution</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-8-0-release-candidate-2">
+<h2>2012/01/10 Version 0.8.0 release candidate 2<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-8-0-release-candidate-2" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>Removed the <cite>configure</cite> keyword argument to <cite>create_autospec</cite> and allow
+arbitrary keyword arguments (for the <cite>Mock</cite> constructor) instead</li>
+<li>Fixed <cite>ANY</cite> equality with some types in <cite>assert_called_with</cite> calls</li>
+<li>Switched to a standard Sphinx theme (compatible with
+<a class="reference external" href="http://mock.readthedocs.org">readthedocs.org</a>)</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-8-0-release-candidate-1">
+<h2>2011/12/29 Version 0.8.0 release candidate 1<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-8-0-release-candidate-1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><cite>create_autospec</cite> on the return value of a mocked class will use <cite>__call__</cite>
+for the signature rather than <cite>__init__</cite></li>
+<li>Performance improvement instantiating <cite>Mock</cite> and <cite>MagicMock</cite></li>
+<li>Mocks used as magic methods have the same type as their parent instead of
+being hardcoded to <cite>MagicMock</cite></li>
+</ul>
+<p>Special thanks to Julian Berman for his help with diagnosing and improving
+performance in this release.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-8-0-beta-4">
+<h2>2011/10/09 Version 0.8.0 beta 4<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-8-0-beta-4" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><cite>patch</cite> lookup is done at use time not at decoration time</li>
+<li>When attaching a Mock to another Mock as a magic method, calls are recorded
+in mock_calls</li>
+<li>Addition of <cite>attach_mock</cite> method</li>
+<li>Renamed the internal classes <cite>Sentinel</cite> and <cite>SentinelObject</cite> to prevent abuse</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: various issues around circular references with mocks (setting a mock
+return value to be itself etc)</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-8-0-beta-3">
+<h2>2011/08/15 Version 0.8.0 beta 3<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-8-0-beta-3" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>Mocks attached as attributes or return values to other mocks have calls
+recorded in <cite>method_calls</cite> and <cite>mock_calls</cite> of the parent (unless a name is
+already set on the child)</li>
+<li>Addition of <cite>mock_add_spec</cite> method for adding (or changing) a spec on an
+existing mock</li>
+<li>Improved repr for <cite>Mock.call_args</cite> and entries in <cite>Mock.call_args_list</cite>,
+<cite>Mock.method_calls</cite> and <cite>Mock.mock_calls</cite></li>
+<li>Improved repr for mocks</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: minor fixes in the way <cite>mock_calls</cite> is worked out,
+especially for &#8220;intermediate&#8221; mocks in a call chain</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-8-0-beta-2">
+<h2>2011/08/05 Version 0.8.0 beta 2<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-8-0-beta-2" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>Setting <cite>side_effect</cite> to an iterable will cause calls to the mock to return
+the next value from the iterable</li>
+<li>Added <cite>assert_any_call</cite> method</li>
+<li>Moved <cite>assert_has_calls</cite> from call lists onto mocks</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: <cite>call_args</cite> and all members of <cite>call_args_list</cite> are two tuples of
+<cite>(args, kwargs)</cite> again instead of three tuples of <cite>(name, args, kwargs)</cite></li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-8-0-beta-1">
+<h2>2011/07/25 Version 0.8.0 beta 1<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-8-0-beta-1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><cite>patch.TEST_PREFIX</cite> for controlling how patchers recognise test methods when
+used to decorate a class</li>
+<li><cite>Mock</cite> call lists (<cite>call_args_list</cite>, <cite>method_calls</cite> &amp; <cite>mock_calls</cite>) are now
+custom list objects that allow membership tests for &#8220;sub lists&#8221; and have
+an <cite>assert_has_calls</cite> method for unordered call checks</li>
+<li><cite>callargs</cite> changed to <em>always</em> be a three-tuple of <cite>(name, args, kwargs)</cite></li>
+<li>Addition of <cite>mock_calls</cite> list for <em>all</em> calls (including magic methods and
+chained calls)</li>
+<li>Extension of <cite>call</cite> object to support chained calls and <cite>callargs</cite> for better
+comparisons with or without names. <cite>call</cite> object has a <cite>call_list</cite> method for
+chained calls</li>
+<li>Added the public <cite>instance</cite> argument to <cite>create_autospec</cite></li>
+<li>Support for using Java exceptions as a <cite>side_effect</cite> on Jython</li>
+<li>Improved failure messages for <cite>assert_called_with</cite> and
+<cite>assert_called_once_with</cite></li>
+<li>Tuples as well as lists can be used to specify allowed methods for <cite>spec</cite> &amp;
+<cite>spec_set</cite> arguments</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: Fixed bug in <cite>patch.multiple</cite> for argument passing when creating
+mocks</li>
+<li>Added license file to the distribution</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-8-0-alpha-2">
+<h2>2011/07/16 Version 0.8.0 alpha 2<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-8-0-alpha-2" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><cite>patch.multiple</cite> for doing multiple patches in a single call, using keyword
+arguments</li>
+<li>New <cite>new_callable</cite> argument to <cite>patch</cite> and <cite>patch.object</cite> allowing you to
+pass in a class or callable object (instead of <cite>MagicMock</cite>) that will be
+called to replace the object being patched</li>
+<li>Addition of <cite>NonCallableMock</cite> and <cite>NonCallableMagicMock</cite>, mocks without a
+<cite>__call__</cite> method</li>
+<li>Mocks created by <cite>patch</cite> have a <cite>MagicMock</cite> as the <cite>return_value</cite> where a
+class is being patched</li>
+<li><cite>create_autospec</cite> can create non-callable mocks for non-callable objects.
+<cite>return_value</cite> mocks of classes will be non-callable unless the class has
+a <cite>__call__</cite> method</li>
+<li><cite>autospec</cite> creates a <cite>MagicMock</cite> without a spec for properties and slot
+descriptors, because we don&#8217;t know the type of object they return</li>
+<li>Removed the &#8220;inherit&#8221; argument from <cite>create_autospec</cite></li>
+<li>Calling <cite>stop</cite> on an unstarted patcher fails with a more meaningful error
+message</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: an error creating a patch, with nested patch decorators, won&#8217;t leave
+patches in place</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: <cite>__truediv__</cite> and <cite>__rtruediv__</cite> not available as magic methods on
+mocks in Python 3</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: <cite>assert_called_with</cite> / <cite>assert_called_once_with</cite> can be used with
+<cite>self</cite> as a keyword argument</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: autospec for functions / methods with an argument named self that
+isn&#8217;t the first argument no longer broken</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: when patching a class with an explicit spec / spec_set (not a
+boolean) it applies &#8220;spec inheritance&#8221; to the return value of the created
+mock (the &#8220;instance&#8221;)</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: remove the <cite>__unittest</cite> marker causing traceback truncation</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-8-0-alpha-1">
+<h2>2011/06/14 Version 0.8.0 alpha 1<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-8-0-alpha-1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>mock 0.8.0 is the last version that will support Python 2.4.</p>
+<ul>
+<li><p class="first">The patchers (<cite>patch</cite>, <cite>patch.object</cite> and <cite>patch.dict</cite>), plus <cite>Mock</cite> and
+<cite>MagicMock</cite>, take arbitrary keyword arguments for configuration</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">New mock method <cite>configure_mock</cite> for setting attributes and return values /
+side effects on the mock and its attributes</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">In Python 2.6 or more recent, <cite>dir</cite> on a mock will report all the dynamically
+created attributes (or the full list of attributes if there is a spec) as
+well as all the mock methods and attributes.</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">Module level <cite>FILTER_DIR</cite> added to control whether <cite>dir(mock)</cite> filters
+private attributes. <cite>True</cite> by default. Note that <cite>vars(Mock())</cite> can still be
+used to get all instance attributes and <cite>dir(type(Mock())</cite> will still return
+all the other attributes (irrespective of <cite>FILTER_DIR</cite>)</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first"><cite>patch</cite> and <cite>patch.object</cite> now create a <cite>MagicMock</cite> instead of a <cite>Mock</cite> by
+default</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">Added <cite>ANY</cite> for ignoring arguments in <cite>assert_called_with</cite> calls</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">Addition of <cite>call</cite> helper object</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">Protocol methods on <cite>MagicMock</cite> are magic mocks, and are created lazily on
+first lookup. This means the result of calling a protocol method is a
+MagicMock instead of a Mock as it was previously</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">Added the Mock API (<cite>assert_called_with</cite> etc) to functions created by
+<cite>mocksignature</cite></p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">Private attributes <cite>_name</cite>, <cite>_methods</cite>, &#8216;_children&#8217;, <cite>_wraps</cite> and <cite>_parent</cite>
+(etc) renamed to reduce likelihood of clash with user attributes.</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">Implemented auto-speccing (recursive, lazy speccing of mocks with mocked
+signatures for functions/methods)</p>
+<p>Limitations:</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>Doesn&#8217;t mock magic methods or attributes (it creates MagicMocks, so the
+magic methods are <em>there</em>, they just don&#8217;t have the signature mocked nor
+are attributes followed)</li>
+<li>Doesn&#8217;t mock function / method attributes</li>
+<li>Uses object traversal on the objects being mocked to determine types - so
+properties etc may be triggered</li>
+<li>The return value of mocked classes (the &#8216;instance&#8217;) has the same call
+signature as the class __init__ (as they share the same spec)</li>
+</ul>
+<p>You create auto-specced mocks by passing <cite>autospec=True</cite> to <cite>patch</cite>.</p>
+<p>Note that attributes that are None are special cased and mocked without a
+spec (so any attribute / method can be used). This is because None is
+typically used as a default value for attributes that may be of some other
+type, and as we don&#8217;t know what type that may be we allow all access.</p>
+<p>Note that the <cite>autospec</cite> option to <cite>patch</cite> obsoletes the <cite>mocksignature</cite>
+option.</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">Added the <cite>create_autospec</cite> function for manually creating &#8216;auto-specced&#8217;
+mocks</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">Removal of deprecated <cite>patch_object</cite></p>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-7-2">
+<h2>2011/05/30 Version 0.7.2<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-7-2" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>BUGFIX: instances of list subclasses can now be used as mock specs</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: MagicMock equality / inequality protocol methods changed to use the
+default equality / inequality. This is done through a <cite>side_effect</cite> on
+the mocks used for <cite>__eq__</cite> / <cite>__ne__</cite></li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-7-1">
+<h2>2011/05/06 Version 0.7.1<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-7-1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Package fixes contributed by Michael Fladischer. No code changes.</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>Include template in package</li>
+<li>Use isolated binaries for the tox tests</li>
+<li>Unset executable bit on docs</li>
+<li>Fix DOS line endings in getting-started.txt</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-7-0">
+<h2>2011/03/05 Version 0.7.0<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-7-0" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>No API changes since 0.7.0 rc1. Many documentation changes including a stylish
+new <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/coordt/ADCtheme/">Sphinx theme</a>.</p>
+<p>The full set of changes since 0.6.0 are:</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>Python 3 compatibility</li>
+<li>Ability to mock magic methods with <cite>Mock</cite> and addition of <cite>MagicMock</cite>
+with pre-created magic methods</li>
+<li>Addition of <cite>mocksignature</cite> and <cite>mocksignature</cite> argument to <cite>patch</cite> and
+<cite>patch.object</cite></li>
+<li>Addition of <cite>patch.dict</cite> for changing dictionaries during a test</li>
+<li>Ability to use <cite>patch</cite>, <cite>patch.object</cite> and <cite>patch.dict</cite> as class decorators</li>
+<li>Renamed <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch_object</span></tt> to <cite>patch.object</cite> (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch_object</span></tt> is
+deprecated)</li>
+<li>Addition of soft comparisons: <cite>call_args</cite>, <cite>call_args_list</cite> and <cite>method_calls</cite>
+now return tuple-like objects which compare equal even when empty args
+or kwargs are skipped</li>
+<li>patchers (<cite>patch</cite>, <cite>patch.object</cite> and <cite>patch.dict</cite>) have start and stop
+methods</li>
+<li>Addition of <cite>assert_called_once_with</cite> method</li>
+<li>Mocks can now be named (<cite>name</cite> argument to constructor) and the name is used
+in the repr</li>
+<li>repr of a mock with a spec includes the class name of the spec</li>
+<li><cite>assert_called_with</cite> works with <cite>python -OO</cite></li>
+<li>New <cite>spec_set</cite> keyword argument to <cite>Mock</cite> and <cite>patch</cite>. If used,
+attempting to <em>set</em> an attribute on a mock not on the spec will raise an
+<cite>AttributeError</cite></li>
+<li>Mocks created with a spec can now pass <cite>isinstance</cite> tests (<cite>__class__</cite>
+returns the type of the spec)</li>
+<li>Added docstrings to all objects</li>
+<li>Improved failure message for <cite>Mock.assert_called_with</cite> when the mock
+has not been called at all</li>
+<li>Decorated functions / methods have their docstring and <cite>__module__</cite>
+preserved on Python 2.4.</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: <cite>mock.patch</cite> now works correctly with certain types of objects that
+proxy attribute access, like the django settings object</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: mocks are now copyable (thanks to Ned Batchelder for reporting and
+diagnosing this)</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: <cite>spec=True</cite> works with old style classes</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">help(mock)</span></tt> works now (on the module). Can no longer use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__bases__</span></tt>
+as a valid sentinel name (thanks to Stephen Emslie for reporting and
+diagnosing this)</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt> now works with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">BaseException</span></tt> exceptions like
+<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">KeyboardInterrupt</span></tt></li>
+<li>BUGFIX: <cite>reset_mock</cite> caused infinite recursion when a mock is set as its own
+return value</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: patching the same object twice now restores the patches correctly</li>
+<li>with statement tests now skipped on Python 2.4</li>
+<li>Tests require unittest2 (or unittest2-py3k) to run</li>
+<li>Tested with <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/tox">tox</a> on Python 2.4 - 3.2,
+jython and pypy (excluding 3.0)</li>
+<li>Added &#8216;build_sphinx&#8217; command to setup.py (requires setuptools or distribute)
+Thanks to Florian Bauer</li>
+<li>Switched from subversion to mercurial for source code control</li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://konryd.blogspot.com/">Konrad Delong</a> added as co-maintainer</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-7-0-rc-1">
+<h2>2011/02/16 Version 0.7.0 RC 1<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-7-0-rc-1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Changes since beta 4:</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>Tested with jython, pypy and Python 3.2 and 3.1</li>
+<li>Decorated functions / methods have their docstring and <cite>__module__</cite>
+preserved on Python 2.4</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: <cite>mock.patch</cite> now works correctly with certain types of objects that
+proxy attribute access, like the django settings object</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: <cite>reset_mock</cite> caused infinite recursion when a mock is set as its own
+return value</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-7-0-beta-4">
+<h2>2010/11/12 Version 0.7.0 beta 4<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-7-0-beta-4" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>patchers (<cite>patch</cite>, <cite>patch.object</cite> and <cite>patch.dict</cite>) have start and stop
+methods</li>
+<li>Addition of <cite>assert_called_once_with</cite> method</li>
+<li>repr of a mock with a spec includes the class name of the spec</li>
+<li><cite>assert_called_with</cite> works with <cite>python -OO</cite></li>
+<li>New <cite>spec_set</cite> keyword argument to <cite>Mock</cite> and <cite>patch</cite>. If used,
+attempting to <em>set</em> an attribute on a mock not on the spec will raise an
+<cite>AttributeError</cite></li>
+<li>Attributes and return value of a <cite>MagicMock</cite> are <cite>MagicMock</cite> objects</li>
+<li>Attempting to set an unsupported magic method now raises an <cite>AttributeError</cite></li>
+<li><cite>patch.dict</cite> works as a class decorator</li>
+<li>Switched from subversion to mercurial for source code control</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: mocks are now copyable (thanks to Ned Batchelder for reporting and
+diagnosing this)</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: <cite>spec=True</cite> works with old style classes</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: <cite>mocksignature=True</cite> can now patch instance methods via
+<cite>patch.object</cite></li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-7-0-beta-3">
+<h2>2010/09/18 Version 0.7.0 beta 3<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-7-0-beta-3" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>Using spec with <a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#mock.MagicMock" title="mock.MagicMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt></a> only pre-creates magic methods in the spec</li>
+<li>Setting a magic method on a mock with a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">spec</span></tt> can only be done if the
+spec has that method</li>
+<li>Mocks can now be named (<cite>name</cite> argument to constructor) and the name is used
+in the repr</li>
+<li><cite>mocksignature</cite> can now be used with classes (signature based on <cite>__init__</cite>)
+and callable objects (signature based on <cite>__call__</cite>)</li>
+<li>Mocks created with a spec can now pass <cite>isinstance</cite> tests (<cite>__class__</cite>
+returns the type of the spec)</li>
+<li>Default numeric value for MagicMock is 1 rather than zero (because the
+MagicMock bool defaults to True and 0 is False)</li>
+<li>Improved failure message for <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.assert_called_with" title="mock.Mock.assert_called_with"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">assert_called_with()</span></tt></a> when the mock
+has not been called at all</li>
+<li>Adding the following to the set of supported magic methods:<ul>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__getformat__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__setformat__</span></tt></li>
+<li>pickle methods</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__trunc__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__ceil__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__floor__</span></tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__sizeof__</span></tt></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li>Added &#8216;build_sphinx&#8217; command to setup.py (requires setuptools or distribute)
+Thanks to Florian Bauer</li>
+<li>with statement tests now skipped on Python 2.4</li>
+<li>Tests require unittest2 to run on Python 2.7</li>
+<li>Improved several docstrings and documentation</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-7-0-beta-2">
+<h2>2010/06/23 Version 0.7.0 beta 2<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-7-0-beta-2" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch.dict" title="mock.patch.dict"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch.dict()</span></tt></a> works as a context manager as well as a decorator</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch.dict</span></tt> takes a string to specify dictionary as well as a dictionary
+object. If a string is supplied the name specified is imported</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch.dict</span></tt> restores dictionary even when an exception is raised</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-7-0-beta-1">
+<h2>2010/06/22 Version 0.7.0 beta 1<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-7-0-beta-1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>Addition of <tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">mocksignature()</span></tt></li>
+<li>Ability to mock magic methods</li>
+<li>Ability to use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch.object</span></tt> as class decorators</li>
+<li>Renamed <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch_object</span></tt> to <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch.object" title="mock.patch.object"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch.object()</span></tt></a> (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch_object</span></tt> is
+deprecated)</li>
+<li>Addition of <a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#mock.MagicMock" title="mock.MagicMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt></a> class with all magic methods pre-created for you</li>
+<li>Python 3 compatibility (tested with 3.2 but should work with 3.0 &amp; 3.1 as
+well)</li>
+<li>Addition of <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch.dict" title="mock.patch.dict"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch.dict()</span></tt></a> for changing dictionaries during a test</li>
+<li>Addition of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mocksignature</span></tt> argument to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch.object</span></tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">help(mock)</span></tt> works now (on the module). Can no longer use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__bases__</span></tt>
+as a valid sentinel name (thanks to Stephen Emslie for reporting and
+diagnosing this)</li>
+<li>Addition of soft comparisons: <cite>call_args</cite>, <cite>call_args_list</cite> and <cite>method_calls</cite>
+now return tuple-like objects which compare equal even when empty args
+or kwargs are skipped</li>
+<li>Added docstrings.</li>
+<li>BUGFIX: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt> now works with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">BaseException</span></tt> exceptions like
+<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">KeyboardInterrupt</span></tt></li>
+<li>BUGFIX: patching the same object twice now restores the patches correctly</li>
+<li>The tests now require <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2">unittest2</a>
+to run</li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://konryd.blogspot.com/">Konrad Delong</a> added as co-maintainer</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-6-0">
+<h2>2009/08/22 Version 0.6.0<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-6-0" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>New test layout compatible with test discovery</li>
+<li>Descriptors (static methods / class methods etc) can now be patched and
+restored correctly</li>
+<li>Mocks can raise exceptions when called by setting <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt> to an
+exception class or instance</li>
+<li>Mocks that wrap objects will not pass on calls to the underlying object if
+an explicit return_value is set</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-5-0">
+<h2>2009/04/17 Version 0.5.0<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-5-0" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>Made DEFAULT part of the public api.</li>
+<li>Documentation built with Sphinx.</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt> is now called with the same arguments as the mock is called with and
+if returns a non-DEFAULT value that is automatically set as the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mock.return_value</span></tt>.</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">wraps</span></tt> keyword argument used for wrapping objects (and passing calls through to the wrapped object).</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock.reset</span></tt> renamed to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock.reset_mock</span></tt>, as reset is a common API name.</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch</span></tt> / <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch_object</span></tt> are now context managers and can be used with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">with</span></tt>.</li>
+<li>A new &#8216;create&#8217; keyword argument to patch and patch_object that allows them to patch
+(and unpatch) attributes that don&#8217;t exist. (Potentially unsafe to use - it can allow
+you to have tests that pass when they are testing an API that doesn&#8217;t exist - use at
+your own risk!)</li>
+<li>The methods keyword argument to Mock has been removed and merged with spec. The spec
+argument can now be a list of methods or an object to take the spec from.</li>
+<li>Nested patches may now be applied in a different order (created mocks passed
+in the opposite order). This is actually a bugfix.</li>
+<li>patch and patch_object now take a spec keyword argument. If spec is
+passed in as &#8216;True&#8217; then the Mock created will take the object it is replacing
+as its spec object. If the object being replaced is a class, then the return
+value for the mock will also use the class as a spec.</li>
+<li>A Mock created without a spec will not attempt to mock any magic methods / attributes
+(they will raise an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">AttributeError</span></tt> instead).</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-4-0">
+<h2>2008/10/12 Version 0.4.0<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-4-0" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<ul>
+<li><p class="first">Default return value is now a new mock rather than None</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">return_value added as a keyword argument to the constructor</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">New method &#8216;assert_called_with&#8217;</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">Added &#8216;side_effect&#8217; attribute / keyword argument called when mock is called</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">patch decorator split into two decorators:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><ul class="simple">
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch_object</span></tt> which takes an object and an attribute name to patch
+(plus optionally a value to patch with which defaults to a mock object)</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch</span></tt> which takes a string specifying a target to patch; in the form
+&#8216;package.module.Class.attribute&#8217;. (plus optionally a value to
+patch with which defaults to a mock object)</li>
+</ul>
+</div></blockquote>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">Can now patch objects with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">None</span></tt></p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">Change to patch for nose compatibility with error reporting in wrapped functions</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first">Reset no longer clears children / return value etc - it just resets
+call count and call args. It also calls reset on all children (and
+the return value if it is a mock).</p>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<p>Thanks to Konrad Delong, Kevin Dangoor and others for patches and suggestions.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-3-1">
+<h2>2007/12/03 Version 0.3.1<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-3-1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch</span></tt> maintains the name of decorated functions for compatibility with nose
+test autodiscovery.</p>
+<p>Tests decorated with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch</span></tt> that use the two argument form (implicit mock
+creation) will receive the mock(s) passed in as extra arguments.</p>
+<p>Thanks to Kevin Dangoor for these changes.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-3-0">
+<h2>2007/11/30 Version 0.3.0<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-3-0" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Removed <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch_module</span></tt>. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch</span></tt> can now take a string as the first
+argument for patching modules.</p>
+<p>The third argument to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch</span></tt> is optional - a mock will be created by
+default if it is not passed in.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-2-1">
+<h2>2007/11/21 Version 0.2.1<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-2-1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Bug fix, allows reuse of functions decorated with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch_module</span></tt>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-2-0">
+<h2>2007/11/20 Version 0.2.0<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-2-0" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Added <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">spec</span></tt> keyword argument for creating <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock</span></tt> objects from a
+specification object.</p>
+<p>Added <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch_module</span></tt> monkey patching decorators.</p>
+<p>Added <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sentinel</span></tt> for convenient access to unique objects.</p>
+<p>Distribution includes unit tests.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="version-0-1-0">
+<h2>2007/11/19 Version 0.1.0<a class="headerlink" href="#version-0-1-0" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Initial release.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="todo-and-limitations">
+<h1>TODO and Limitations<a class="headerlink" href="#todo-and-limitations" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<p>Contributions, bug reports and comments welcomed!</p>
+<p>Feature requests and bug reports are handled on the issue tracker:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><ul class="simple">
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://code.google.com/p/mock/issues/list">mock issue tracker</a></li>
+</ul>
+</div></blockquote>
+<p><cite>wraps</cite> is not integrated with magic methods.</p>
+<p><cite>patch</cite> could auto-do the patching in the constructor and unpatch in the
+destructor. This would be useful in itself, but violates TOOWTDI and would be
+unsafe for IronPython &amp; PyPy (non-deterministic calling of destructors).
+Destructors aren&#8217;t called in CPython where there are cycles, but a weak
+reference with a callback can be used to get round this.</p>
+<p><cite>Mock</cite> has several attributes. This makes it unsuitable for mocking objects
+that use these attribute names. A way round this would be to provide methods
+that <em>hide</em> these attributes when needed. In 0.8 many, but not all, of these
+attributes are renamed to gain a <cite>_mock</cite> prefix, making it less likely that
+they will clash. Any outstanding attributes that haven&#8217;t been modified with
+the prefix should be changed.</p>
+<p>If a patch is started using <cite>patch.start</cite> and then not stopped correctly then
+the unpatching is not done. Using weak references it would be possible to
+detect and fix this when the patch object itself is garbage collected. This
+would be tricky to get right though.</p>
+<p>When a <cite>Mock</cite> is created by <cite>patch</cite>, arbitrary keywords can be used to set
+attributes. If <cite>patch</cite> is created with a <cite>spec</cite>, and is replacing a class, then
+a <cite>return_value</cite> mock is created. The keyword arguments are not applied to the
+child mock, but could be.</p>
+<p>When mocking a class with <cite>patch</cite>, passing in <cite>spec=True</cite> or <cite>autospec=True</cite>,
+the mock class has an instance created from the same spec. Should this be the
+default behaviour for mocks anyway (mock return values inheriting the spec
+from their parent), or should it be controlled by an additional keyword
+argument (<cite>inherit</cite>) to the Mock constructor? <cite>create_autospec</cite> does this, so
+an additional keyword argument to Mock is probably unnecessary.</p>
+<p>The <cite>mocksignature</cite> argument to <cite>patch</cite> with a non <cite>Mock</cite> passed into
+<cite>new_callable</cite> will <em>probably</em> cause an error. Should it just be invalid?</p>
+<p>Note that <cite>NonCallableMock</cite> and <cite>NonCallableMagicMock</cite> still have the unused
+(and unusable) attributes: <cite>return_value</cite>, <cite>side_effect</cite>, <cite>call_count</cite>,
+<cite>call_args</cite> and <cite>call_args_list</cite>. These could be removed or raise errors on
+getting / setting. They also have the <cite>assert_called_with</cite> and
+<cite>assert_called_once_with</cite> methods. Removing these would be pointless as
+fetching them would create a mock (attribute) that could be called without
+error.</p>
+<p>Some outstanding technical debt. The way autospeccing mocks function
+signatures was copied and modified from <cite>mocksignature</cite>. This could all be
+refactored into one set of functions instead of two. The way we tell if
+patchers are started and if a patcher is being used for a <cite>patch.multiple</cite>
+call are both horrible. There are now a host of helper functions that should
+be rationalised. (Probably time to split mock into a package instead of a
+module.)</p>
+<p>Passing arbitrary keyword arguments to <cite>create_autospec</cite>, or <cite>patch</cite> with
+<cite>autospec</cite>, when mocking a <em>function</em> works fine. However, the arbitrary
+attributes are set on the created mock - but <cite>create_autospec</cite> returns a
+real function (which doesn&#8217;t have those attributes). However, what is the use
+case for using autospec to create functions with attributes that don&#8217;t exist
+on the original?</p>
+<p><cite>mocksignature</cite>, plus the <cite>call_args_list</cite> and <cite>method_calls</cite> attributes of
+<cite>Mock</cite> could all be deprecated.</p>
+</div>
+
+
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="sphinxsidebar">
+ <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
+ <h3><a href="index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
+ <ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">CHANGELOG</a><ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-1-0-0">2012/10/07 Version 1.0.0</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-1-0-0-beta-1">2012/07/13 Version 1.0.0 beta 1</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-1-0-0-alpha-2">2012/05/04 Version 1.0.0 alpha 2</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-1-0-0-alpha-1">2012/03/25 Version 1.0.0 alpha 1</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-8-0">2012/02/13 Version 0.8.0</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-8-0-release-candidate-2">2012/01/10 Version 0.8.0 release candidate 2</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-8-0-release-candidate-1">2011/12/29 Version 0.8.0 release candidate 1</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-8-0-beta-4">2011/10/09 Version 0.8.0 beta 4</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-8-0-beta-3">2011/08/15 Version 0.8.0 beta 3</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-8-0-beta-2">2011/08/05 Version 0.8.0 beta 2</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-8-0-beta-1">2011/07/25 Version 0.8.0 beta 1</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-8-0-alpha-2">2011/07/16 Version 0.8.0 alpha 2</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-8-0-alpha-1">2011/06/14 Version 0.8.0 alpha 1</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-7-2">2011/05/30 Version 0.7.2</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-7-1">2011/05/06 Version 0.7.1</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-7-0">2011/03/05 Version 0.7.0</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-7-0-rc-1">2011/02/16 Version 0.7.0 RC 1</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-7-0-beta-4">2010/11/12 Version 0.7.0 beta 4</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-7-0-beta-3">2010/09/18 Version 0.7.0 beta 3</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-7-0-beta-2">2010/06/23 Version 0.7.0 beta 2</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-7-0-beta-1">2010/06/22 Version 0.7.0 beta 1</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-6-0">2009/08/22 Version 0.6.0</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-5-0">2009/04/17 Version 0.5.0</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-4-0">2008/10/12 Version 0.4.0</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-3-1">2007/12/03 Version 0.3.1</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-3-0">2007/11/30 Version 0.3.0</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-2-1">2007/11/21 Version 0.2.1</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-2-0">2007/11/20 Version 0.2.0</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#version-0-1-0">2007/11/19 Version 0.1.0</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#todo-and-limitations">TODO and Limitations</a></li>
+</ul>
+
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+
+ <div class="section" id="mock-library-comparison">
+<h1>Mock Library Comparison<a class="headerlink" href="#mock-library-comparison" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<p>A side-by-side comparison of how to accomplish some basic tasks with mock and
+some other popular Python mocking libraries and frameworks.</p>
+<p>These are:</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/flexmock">flexmock</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/mox">mox</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://niemeyer.net/mocker">Mocker</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/dingus">dingus</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/fudge">fudge</a></li>
+</ul>
+<p>Popular python mocking frameworks not yet represented here include
+<a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/MiniMock">MiniMock</a>.</p>
+<p><a class="reference external" href="http://pmock.sourceforge.net/">pMock</a> (last release 2004 and doesn&#8217;t import
+in recent versions of Python) and
+<a class="reference external" href="http://python-mock.sourceforge.net/">python-mock</a> (last release 2005) are
+intentionally omitted.</p>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
+<p>A more up to date, and tested for all mock libraries (only the mock
+examples on this page can be executed as doctests) version of this
+comparison is maintained by Gary Bernhardt:</p>
+<ul class="last simple">
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://garybernhardt.github.com/python-mock-comparison/">Python Mock Library Comparison</a></li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<p>This comparison is by no means complete, and also may not be fully idiomatic
+for all the libraries represented. <em>Please</em> contribute corrections, missing
+comparisons, or comparisons for additional libraries to the <a class="reference external" href="https://code.google.com/p/mock/issues/list">mock issue
+tracker</a>.</p>
+<p>This comparison page was originally created by the <a class="reference external" href="https://code.google.com/p/pymox/wiki/MoxComparison">Mox project</a> and then extended for
+<a class="reference external" href="http://has207.github.com/flexmock/compare.html">flexmock and mock</a> by
+Herman Sheremetyev. Dingus examples written by <a class="reference external" href="http://garybernhardt.github.com/python-mock-comparison/">Gary Bernhadt</a>. fudge examples
+provided by <a class="reference external" href="http://farmdev.com/">Kumar McMillan</a>.</p>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
+<p>The examples tasks here were originally created by Mox which is a mocking
+<em>framework</em> rather than a library like mock. The tasks shown naturally
+exemplify tasks that frameworks are good at and not the ones they make
+harder. In particular you can take a <cite>Mock</cite> or <cite>MagicMock</cite> object and use
+it in any way you want with no up-front configuration. The same is also
+true for Dingus.</p>
+<p class="last">The examples for mock here assume version 0.7.0.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="simple-fake-object">
+<h2>Simple fake object<a class="headerlink" href="#simple-fake-object" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># mock</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;calculated value&quot;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_attribute</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;calculated value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_attribute</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c"># Flexmock</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">flexmock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">lambda</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&quot;calculated value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">some_attribute</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;calculated value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_attribute</span><span class="p">)</span>
+
+<span class="c"># Mox</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MockAnything</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">AndReturn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;calculated value&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_attribute</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span>
+<span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Replay</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;calculated value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_attribute</span><span class="p">)</span>
+
+<span class="c"># Mocker</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;calculated value&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">replay</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_attribute</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span>
+<span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;calculated value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_attribute</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># Dingus</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_dingus</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Dingus</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_attribute</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">some_method__returns</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;calculated value&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;calculated value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_attribute</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># fudge</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_fake</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fudge</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Fake</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">provides</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;some_method&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">returns</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;calculated value&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">has_attr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_attribute</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;calculated value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">my_fake</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">my_fake</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_attribute</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="simple-mock">
+<h2>Simple mock<a class="headerlink" href="#simple-mock" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># mock</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c"># Flexmock</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">flexmock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">should_receive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;some_method&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">and_return</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">once</span>
+<span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">())</span>
+
+<span class="c"># Mox</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MockAnything</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">AndReturn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Replay</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Verify</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+
+<span class="c"># Mocker</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">replay</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">verify</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># Dingus</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_dingus</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Dingus</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_method__returns</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">calls</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">once</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># fudge</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@fudge.test</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test</span><span class="p">():</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">my_fake</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fudge</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Fake</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">expects</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;some_method&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">returns</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">times_called</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">test</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+<span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">AssertionError</span>: <span class="n">fake:my_fake.some_method() was not called</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="creating-partial-mocks">
+<h2>Creating partial mocks<a class="headerlink" href="#creating-partial-mocks" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># mock</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">SomeObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;value&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SomeObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">())</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c"># Flexmock</span>
+<span class="n">flexmock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeObject</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">should_receive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;some_method&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">and_return</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;value&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">())</span>
+
+<span class="c"># Mox</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MockObject</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeObject</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">AndReturn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Replay</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Verify</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+
+<span class="c"># Mocker</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeObject</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Get</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">replay</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">verify</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># Dingus</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">object</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SomeObject</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Dingus</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">object</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">())</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># fudge</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">fake</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fudge</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Fake</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_callable</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">returns</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;&lt;fudge-value&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">fudge</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patched_context</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeObject</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;some_method&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fake</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">s</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SomeObject</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;&lt;fudge-value&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">s</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="ensure-calls-are-made-in-specific-order">
+<h2>Ensure calls are made in specific order<a class="headerlink" href="#ensure-calls-are-made-in-specific-order" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># mock</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">spec</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">SomeObject</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method1</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Mock name=&#39;mock.method1()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method2</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Mock name=&#39;mock.method2()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">call</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method1</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">call</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method2</span><span class="p">()])</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c"># Flexmock</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">flexmock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeObject</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">should_receive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;method1&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">once</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ordered</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">and_return</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;first thing&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">should_receive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;method2&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">once</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ordered</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">and_return</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;second thing&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+
+<span class="c"># Mox</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MockObject</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeObject</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method1</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">AndReturn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;first thing&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method2</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">AndReturn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;second thing&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Replay</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Verify</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+
+<span class="c"># Mocker</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">order</span><span class="p">():</span>
+ <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method1</span><span class="p">()</span>
+ <span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;first thing&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+ <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method2</span><span class="p">()</span>
+ <span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;second thing&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+ <span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">replay</span><span class="p">()</span>
+ <span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">verify</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># Dingus</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_dingus</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Dingus</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method1</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Dingus ...&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method2</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Dingus ...&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="s">&#39;method1&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;method2&#39;</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">call</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">name</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">call</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">calls</span><span class="p">])</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># fudge</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@fudge.test</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test</span><span class="p">():</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">my_fake</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fudge</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Fake</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">remember_order</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">expects</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;method1&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">expects</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;method2&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">my_fake</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method2</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">my_fake</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method1</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">test</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+<span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">AssertionError: Call #1 was fake:my_fake.method2(); Expected</span>: <span class="n">#1 fake:my_fake.method1(), #2 fake:my_fake.method2(), end</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="raising-exceptions">
+<h2>Raising exceptions<a class="headerlink" href="#raising-exceptions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># mock</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SomeException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;message&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">assertRaises</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeException</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c"># Flexmock</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">flexmock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">should_receive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;some_method&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">and_raise</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;message&quot;</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<span class="n">assertRaises</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeException</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">)</span>
+
+<span class="c"># Mox</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MockAnything</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">AndRaise</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;message&quot;</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Replay</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">assertRaises</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeException</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Verify</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+
+<span class="c"># Mocker</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">throw</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;message&quot;</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">replay</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">assertRaises</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeException</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">verify</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># Dingus</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_dingus</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Dingus</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">exception_raiser</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeException</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">assertRaises</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeException</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># fudge</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_fake</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fudge</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Fake</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_callable</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">raises</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;message&quot;</span><span class="p">)))</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_fake</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+<span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">SomeException</span>: <span class="n">message</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="override-new-instances-of-a-class">
+<h2>Override new instances of a class<a class="headerlink" href="#override-new-instances-of-a-class" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># mock</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;somemodule.Someclass&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">MockClass</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">MockClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">some_other_object</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_other_object</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">somemodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Someclass</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c"># Flexmock</span>
+<span class="n">flexmock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">new_instances</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">some_other_object</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_other_object</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">some_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">())</span>
+
+<span class="c"># Mox</span>
+<span class="c"># (you will probably have mox.Mox() available as self.mox in a real test)</span>
+<span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Mox</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">StubOutWithMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_module</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;SomeClass&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">use_mock_anything</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">some_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">AndReturn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_other_object</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ReplayAll</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_other_object</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">some_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">())</span>
+
+<span class="c"># Mocker</span>
+<span class="n">instance</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">klass</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">replace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">spec</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">klass</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;expected&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;args&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mocker</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># Dingus</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MockClass</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Dingus</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">some_other_object</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;somemodule.SomeClass&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">MockClass</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_other_object</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">somemodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># fudge</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@fudge.patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;somemodule.SomeClass&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">FakeClass</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">FakeClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_callable</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">returns</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_other_object</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_other_object</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">somemodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">test</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="call-the-same-method-multiple-times">
+<h2>Call the same method multiple times<a class="headerlink" href="#call-the-same-method-multiple-times" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
+<p class="last">You don&#8217;t need to do <em>any</em> configuration to call <cite>mock.Mock()</cite> methods
+multiple times. Attributes like <cite>call_count</cite>, <cite>call_args_list</cite> and
+<cite>method_calls</cite> provide various different ways of making assertions about
+how the mock was used.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># mock</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Mock name=&#39;mock.some_method()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Mock name=&#39;mock.some_method()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_count</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c"># Flexmock # (verifies that the method gets called at least twice)</span>
+<span class="n">flexmock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_object</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">should_receive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;some_method&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">at_least</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">twice</span>
+
+<span class="c"># Mox</span>
+<span class="c"># (does not support variable number of calls, so you need to create a new entry for each explicit call)</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MockObject</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_object</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">IgnoreArg</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">IgnoreArg</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">IgnoreArg</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">IgnoreArg</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Replay</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Verify</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+
+<span class="c"># Mocker</span>
+<span class="c"># (TODO)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># Dingus</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_dingus</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Dingus</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Dingus ...&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Dingus ...&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">calls</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;some_method&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># fudge</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@fudge.test</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test</span><span class="p">():</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">my_fake</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fudge</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Fake</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">expects</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;some_method&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">times_called</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">my_fake</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">test</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+<span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">AssertionError</span>: <span class="n">fake:my_fake.some_method() was called 1 time(s). Expected 2.</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="mock-chained-methods">
+<h2>Mock chained methods<a class="headerlink" href="#mock-chained-methods" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># mock</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">method3</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">method3</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;some value&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;some value&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method1</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method2</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method3</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">method3</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c"># Flexmock</span>
+<span class="c"># (intermediate method calls are automatically assigned to temporary fake objects</span>
+<span class="c"># and can be called with any arguments)</span>
+<span class="n">flexmock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_object</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">should_receive</span><span class="p">(</span>
+ <span class="s">&#39;method1.method2.method3&#39;</span>
+<span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">with_args</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arg1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">arg2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">and_return</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;some value&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;some_value&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">some_object</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method1</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method2</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method3</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arg1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">arg2</span><span class="p">))</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c"># Mox</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MockObject</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_object</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mock2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MockAnything</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">mock3</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MockAnything</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method1</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">AndReturn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock1</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mock2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method2</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">AndReturn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock2</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">mock3</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method3</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arg1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">arg2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">AndReturn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;some_value&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ReplayAll</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;some_value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">some_object</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method1</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method2</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method3</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arg1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">arg2</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mox</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">VerifyAll</span><span class="p">()</span>
+
+<span class="c"># Mocker</span>
+<span class="c"># (TODO)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># Dingus</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_dingus</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Dingus</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">method3</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">method3</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;some value&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;some value&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method1</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method2</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method3</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">method3</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">calls</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;()&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">once</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># fudge</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@fudge.test</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test</span><span class="p">():</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">my_fake</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fudge</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Fake</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">my_fake</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">expects</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;method1&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">returns_fake</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">expects</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;method2&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">returns_fake</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">expects</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;method3&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">with_args</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="o">.</span><span class="n">returns</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;some value&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;some value&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">my_fake</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method1</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method2</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method3</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">test</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="mocking-a-context-manager">
+<h2>Mocking a context manager<a class="headerlink" href="#mocking-a-context-manager" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Examples for mock, Dingus and fudge only (so far):</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># mock</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__enter__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__exit__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># Dingus (nothing special here; all dinguses are &quot;magic mocks&quot;)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_dingus</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Dingus</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__enter__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">calls</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__exit__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">calls</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;()&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># fudge</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_fake</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fudge</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Fake</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">provides</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__enter__&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">provides</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__exit__&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">my_fake</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="mocking-the-builtin-open-used-as-a-context-manager">
+<h2>Mocking the builtin open used as a context manager<a class="headerlink" href="#mocking-the-builtin-open-used-as-a-context-manager" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Example for mock only (so far):</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># mock</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__builtin__.open&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">manager</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__enter__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">manager</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;some data&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">h</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">h</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">data</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;some data&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p><em>or</em>:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># mock</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__builtin__.open&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__enter__</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">lambda</span> <span class="n">s</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">s</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__exit__</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;some data&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">h</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">h</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">data</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;some data&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># Dingus</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_dingus</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Dingus</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__builtin__.open&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">file_</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__enter__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">file_</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;some data&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">h</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">data</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;some data&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">my_dingus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">calls</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;()&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">once</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># fudge</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">contextlib</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">contextmanager</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">StringIO</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">StringIO</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@contextmanager</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">fake_file</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">filename</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">yield</span> <span class="n">StringIO</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;sekrets&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">fudge</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__builtin__.open&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">fake_open</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">fake_open</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_callable</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">calls</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fake_file</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;/etc/password&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="go">fake:__builtin__.open</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">data</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;sekrets&#39;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="sphinxsidebar">
+ <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
+ <h3><a href="index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
+ <ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Mock Library Comparison</a><ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#simple-fake-object">Simple fake object</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#simple-mock">Simple mock</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#creating-partial-mocks">Creating partial mocks</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#ensure-calls-are-made-in-specific-order">Ensure calls are made in specific order</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#raising-exceptions">Raising exceptions</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#override-new-instances-of-a-class">Override new instances of a class</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#call-the-same-method-multiple-times">Call the same method multiple times</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mock-chained-methods">Mock chained methods</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mocking-a-context-manager">Mocking a context manager</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mocking-the-builtin-open-used-as-a-context-manager">Mocking the builtin open used as a context manager</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+
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+
+ <div class="section" id="further-examples">
+<span id="id1"></span><h1>Further Examples<a class="headerlink" href="#further-examples" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<p>For comprehensive examples, see the unit tests included in the full source
+distribution.</p>
+<p>Here are some more examples for some slightly more advanced scenarios than in
+the <a class="reference internal" href="getting-started.html#getting-started"><em>getting started</em></a> guide.</p>
+<div class="section" id="mocking-chained-calls">
+<h2>Mocking chained calls<a class="headerlink" href="#mocking-chained-calls" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Mocking chained calls is actually straightforward with mock once you
+understand the <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.return_value" title="mock.Mock.return_value"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">return_value</span></tt></a> attribute. When a mock is called for
+the first time, or you fetch its <cite>return_value</cite> before it has been called, a
+new <cite>Mock</cite> is created.</p>
+<p>This means that you can see how the object returned from a call to a mocked
+object has been used by interrogating the <cite>return_value</cite> mock:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Mock name=&#39;mock().foo()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>From here it is a simple step to configure and then make assertions about
+chained calls. Of course another alternative is writing your code in a more
+testable way in the first place...</p>
+<p>So, suppose we have some code that looks a little bit like this:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Something</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">backend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">BackendProvider</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">response</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">backend</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_endpoint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;foobar&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">create_call</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;spam&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;eggs&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">start_call</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="c"># more code</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Assuming that <cite>BackendProvider</cite> is already well tested, how do we test
+<cite>method()</cite>? Specifically, we want to test that the code section <cite># more
+code</cite> uses the response object in the correct way.</p>
+<p>As this chain of calls is made from an instance attribute we can monkey patch
+the <cite>backend</cite> attribute on a <cite>Something</cite> instance. In this particular case
+we are only interested in the return value from the final call to
+<cite>start_call</cite> so we don&#8217;t have much configuration to do. Let&#8217;s assume the
+object it returns is &#8216;file-like&#8217;, so we&#8217;ll ensure that our response object
+uses the builtin <cite>file</cite> as its <cite>spec</cite>.</p>
+<p>To do this we create a mock instance as our mock backend and create a mock
+response object for it. To set the response as the return value for that final
+<cite>start_call</cite> we could do this:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><cite>mock_backend.get_endpoint.return_value.create_call.return_value.start_call.return_value = mock_response</cite>.</div></blockquote>
+<p>We can do that in a slightly nicer way using the <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.configure_mock" title="mock.Mock.configure_mock"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">configure_mock()</span></tt></a>
+method to directly set the return value for us:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">something</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Something</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_response</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">spec</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">file</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_backend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">config</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;get_endpoint.return_value.create_call.return_value.start_call.return_value&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">mock_response</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_backend</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">configure_mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>With these we monkey patch the &#8220;mock backend&#8221; in place and can make the real
+call:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">something</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">backend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mock_backend</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">something</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Using <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.mock_calls" title="mock.Mock.mock_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">mock_calls</span></tt></a> we can check the chained call with a single
+assert. A chained call is several calls in one line of code, so there will be
+several entries in <cite>mock_calls</cite>. We can use <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.call.call_list" title="mock.call.call_list"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">call.call_list()</span></tt></a> to create
+this list of calls for us:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">chained</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">call</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_endpoint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;foobar&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">create_call</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;spam&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;eggs&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">start_call</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">call_list</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">chained</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_list</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">mock_backend</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">call_list</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="partial-mocking">
+<h2>Partial mocking<a class="headerlink" href="#partial-mocking" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>In some tests I wanted to mock out a call to <a class="reference external" href="http://docs.python.org/library/datetime.html#datetime.date.today">datetime.date.today()</a> to return
+a known date, but I didn&#8217;t want to prevent the code under test from
+creating new date objects. Unfortunately <cite>datetime.date</cite> is written in C, and
+so I couldn&#8217;t just monkey-patch out the static <cite>date.today</cite> method.</p>
+<p>I found a simple way of doing this that involved effectively wrapping the date
+class with a mock, but passing through calls to the constructor to the real
+class (and returning real instances).</p>
+<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch" title="mock.patch"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch</span> <span class="pre">decorator</span></tt></a> is used here to
+mock out the <cite>date</cite> class in the module under test. The <tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt>
+attribute on the mock date class is then set to a lambda function that returns
+a real date. When the mock date class is called a real date will be
+constructed and returned by <cite>side_effect</cite>.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">datetime</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">date</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;mymodule.date&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">mock_date</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">mock_date</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">today</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2010</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">mock_date</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">lambda</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kw</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kw</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">date</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">today</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2010</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2009</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2009</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Note that we don&#8217;t patch <cite>datetime.date</cite> globally, we patch <cite>date</cite> in the
+module that <em>uses</em> it. See <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#where-to-patch"><em>where to patch</em></a>.</p>
+<p>When <cite>date.today()</cite> is called a known date is returned, but calls to the
+<cite>date(...)</cite> constructor still return normal dates. Without this you can find
+yourself having to calculate an expected result using exactly the same
+algorithm as the code under test, which is a classic testing anti-pattern.</p>
+<p>Calls to the date constructor are recorded in the <cite>mock_date</cite> attributes
+(<cite>call_count</cite> and friends) which may also be useful for your tests.</p>
+<p>An alternative way of dealing with mocking dates, or other builtin classes,
+is discussed in <a class="reference external" href="http://williamjohnbert.com/2011/07/how-to-unit-testing-in-django-with-mocking-and-patching/">this blog entry</a>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="mocking-a-generator-method">
+<h2>Mocking a Generator Method<a class="headerlink" href="#mocking-a-generator-method" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>A Python generator is a function or method that uses the <a class="reference external" href="http://docs.python.org/reference/simple_stmts.html#the-yield-statement">yield statement</a> to
+return a series of values when iterated over <a class="footnote-reference" href="#id3" id="id2">[1]</a>.</p>
+<p>A generator method / function is called to return the generator object. It is
+the generator object that is then iterated over. The protocol method for
+iteration is <a class="reference external" href="http://docs.python.org/library/stdtypes.html#container.__iter__">__iter__</a>, so we can
+mock this using a <cite>MagicMock</cite>.</p>
+<p>Here&#8217;s an example class with an &#8220;iter&#8221; method implemented as a generator:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Foo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">iter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">yield</span> <span class="n">i</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">foo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Foo</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">iter</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="go">[1, 2, 3]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>How would we mock this class, and in particular its &#8220;iter&#8221; method?</p>
+<p>To configure the values returned from the iteration (implicit in the call to
+<cite>list</cite>), we need to configure the object returned by the call to <cite>foo.iter()</cite>.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_foo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_foo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">iter</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">iter</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">])</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock_foo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">iter</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="go">[1, 2, 3]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="id3" rules="none">
+<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
+<tbody valign="top">
+<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id2">[1]</a></td><td>There are also generator expressions and more <a class="reference external" href="http://www.dabeaz.com/coroutines/index.html">advanced uses</a> of generators, but we aren&#8217;t
+concerned about them here. A very good introduction to generators and how
+powerful they are is: <a class="reference external" href="http://www.dabeaz.com/generators/">Generator Tricks for Systems Programmers</a>.</td></tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="applying-the-same-patch-to-every-test-method">
+<h2>Applying the same patch to every test method<a class="headerlink" href="#applying-the-same-patch-to-every-test-method" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>If you want several patches in place for multiple test methods the obvious way
+is to apply the patch decorators to every method. This can feel like unnecessary
+repetition. For Python 2.6 or more recent you can use <cite>patch</cite> (in all its
+various forms) as a class decorator. This applies the patches to all test
+methods on the class. A test method is identified by methods whose names start
+with <cite>test</cite>:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;mymodule.SomeClass&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TestCase</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_one</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">MockSomeClass</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assertTrue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">MockSomeClass</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_two</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">MockSomeClass</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assertTrue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">MockSomeClass</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">not_a_test</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&#39;something&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;test_one&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">test_one</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;test_two&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">test_two</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;test_two&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">not_a_test</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;something&#39;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>An alternative way of managing patches is to use the <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#start-and-stop"><em>patch methods: start and stop</em></a>.
+These allow you to move the patching into your <cite>setUp</cite> and <cite>tearDown</cite> methods.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TestCase</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">setUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patcher</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;mymodule.foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_foo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patcher</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_foo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assertTrue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_foo</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">tearDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patcher</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">stop</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;test_foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>If you use this technique you must ensure that the patching is &#8220;undone&#8221; by
+calling <cite>stop</cite>. This can be fiddlier than you might think, because if an
+exception is raised in the setUp then tearDown is not called. <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2">unittest2</a> cleanup functions make this simpler:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TestCase</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">setUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">patcher</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;mymodule.foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">addCleanup</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">patcher</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">stop</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_foo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">patcher</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_foo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assertTrue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_foo</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;test_foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="mocking-unbound-methods">
+<h2>Mocking Unbound Methods<a class="headerlink" href="#mocking-unbound-methods" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Whilst writing tests today I needed to patch an <em>unbound method</em> (patching the
+method on the class rather than on the instance). I needed self to be passed
+in as the first argument because I want to make asserts about which objects
+were calling this particular method. The issue is that you can&#8217;t patch with a
+mock for this, because if you replace an unbound method with a mock it doesn&#8217;t
+become a bound method when fetched from the instance, and so it doesn&#8217;t get
+self passed in. The workaround is to patch the unbound method with a real
+function instead. The <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch" title="mock.patch"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch()</span></tt></a> decorator makes it so simple to
+patch out methods with a mock that having to create a real function becomes a
+nuisance.</p>
+<p>If you pass <cite>autospec=True</cite> to patch then it does the patching with a
+<em>real</em> function object. This function object has the same signature as the one
+it is replacing, but delegates to a mock under the hood. You still get your
+mock auto-created in exactly the same way as before. What it means though, is
+that if you use it to patch out an unbound method on a class the mocked
+function will be turned into a bound method if it is fetched from an instance.
+It will have <cite>self</cite> passed in as the first argument, which is exactly what I
+wanted:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Foo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">foo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Foo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">autospec</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">mock_foo</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">mock_foo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">foo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Foo</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">foo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;foo&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_foo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>If we don&#8217;t use <cite>autospec=True</cite> then the unbound method is patched out
+with a Mock instance instead, and isn&#8217;t called with <cite>self</cite>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="checking-multiple-calls-with-mock">
+<h2>Checking multiple calls with mock<a class="headerlink" href="#checking-multiple-calls-with-mock" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>mock has a nice API for making assertions about how your mock objects are used.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo_bar</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">None</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo_bar</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;baz&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">spam</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;eggs&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo_bar</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;baz&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">spam</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;eggs&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>If your mock is only being called once you can use the
+<tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">assert_called_once_with()</span></tt> method that also asserts that the
+<tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">call_count</span></tt> is one.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo_bar</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;baz&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">spam</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;eggs&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo_bar</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo_bar</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;baz&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">spam</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;eggs&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="o">...</span>
+<span class="gr">AssertionError</span>: <span class="n">Expected to be called once. Called 2 times.</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Both <cite>assert_called_with</cite> and <cite>assert_called_once_with</cite> make assertions about
+the <em>most recent</em> call. If your mock is going to be called several times, and
+you want to make assertions about <em>all</em> those calls you can use
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.call_args_list" title="mock.Mock.call_args_list"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">call_args_list</span></tt></a>:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_args_list</span>
+<span class="go">[call(1, 2, 3), call(4, 5, 6), call()]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.call" title="mock.call"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">call</span></tt></a> helper makes it easy to make assertions about these calls. You
+can build up a list of expected calls and compare it to <cite>call_args_list</cite>. This
+looks remarkably similar to the repr of the <cite>call_args_list</cite>:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">expected</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">call</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">call</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">call</span><span class="p">()]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_args_list</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">expected</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="coping-with-mutable-arguments">
+<h2>Coping with mutable arguments<a class="headerlink" href="#coping-with-mutable-arguments" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Another situation is rare, but can bite you, is when your mock is called with
+mutable arguments. <cite>call_args</cite> and <cite>call_args_list</cite> store <em>references</em> to the
+arguments. If the arguments are mutated by the code under test then you can no
+longer make assertions about what the values were when the mock was called.</p>
+<p>Here&#8217;s some example code that shows the problem. Imagine the following functions
+defined in &#8216;mymodule&#8217;:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">frob</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">):</span>
+ <span class="k">pass</span>
+
+<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">grob</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">):</span>
+ <span class="s">&quot;First frob and then clear val&quot;</span>
+ <span class="n">frob</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
+ <span class="n">val</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">clear</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>When we try to test that <cite>grob</cite> calls <cite>frob</cite> with the correct argument look
+what happens:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;mymodule.frob&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">mock_frob</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">set</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">])</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">grob</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">val</span>
+<span class="go">set([])</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_frob</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">set</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">]))</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="o">...</span>
+<span class="gr">AssertionError: Expected</span>: <span class="n">((set([6]),), {})</span>
+<span class="go">Called with: ((set([]),), {})</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>One possibility would be for mock to copy the arguments you pass in. This
+could then cause problems if you do assertions that rely on object identity
+for equality.</p>
+<p>Here&#8217;s one solution that uses the <tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt>
+functionality. If you provide a <cite>side_effect</cite> function for a mock then
+<cite>side_effect</cite> will be called with the same args as the mock. This gives us an
+opportunity to copy the arguments and store them for later assertions. In this
+example I&#8217;m using <em>another</em> mock to store the arguments so that I can use the
+mock methods for doing the assertion. Again a helper function sets this up for
+me.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">copy</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">deepcopy</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">mock</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">DEFAULT</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">copy_call_args</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">new_mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">side_effect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">args</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">deepcopy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">kwargs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">deepcopy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">new_mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">DEFAULT</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">side_effect</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">new_mock</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;mymodule.frob&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">mock_frob</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">new_mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">copy_call_args</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock_frob</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">set</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">])</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">grob</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">new_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">set</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">]))</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">new_mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_args</span>
+<span class="go">call(set([6]))</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p><cite>copy_call_args</cite> is called with the mock that will be called. It returns a new
+mock that we do the assertion on. The <cite>side_effect</cite> function makes a copy of
+the args and calls our <cite>new_mock</cite> with the copy.</p>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
+<p>If your mock is only going to be used once there is an easier way of
+checking arguments at the point they are called. You can simply do the
+checking inside a <cite>side_effect</cite> function.</p>
+<div class="last highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">side_effect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arg</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">arg</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="nb">set</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">])</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">set</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">]))</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">set</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="o">...</span>
+<span class="gr">AssertionError</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>An alternative approach is to create a subclass of <cite>Mock</cite> or <cite>MagicMock</cite> that
+copies (using <a class="reference external" href="http://docs.python.org/library/copy.html#copy.deepcopy">copy.deepcopy</a>) the arguments.
+Here&#8217;s an example implementation:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">copy</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">deepcopy</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">CopyingMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__call__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">args</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">deepcopy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">kwargs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">deepcopy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">super</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">CopyingMock</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__call__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">CopyingMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">arg</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">set</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arg</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">arg</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">set</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arg</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="o">...</span>
+<span class="gr">AssertionError: Expected call</span>: <span class="n">mock(set([1]))</span>
+<span class="go">Actual call: mock(set([]))</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;CopyingMock name=&#39;mock.foo&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>When you subclass <cite>Mock</cite> or <cite>MagicMock</cite> all dynamically created attributes,
+and the <cite>return_value</cite> will use your subclass automatically. That means all
+children of a <cite>CopyingMock</cite> will also have the type <cite>CopyingMock</cite>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="raising-exceptions-on-attribute-access">
+<h2>Raising exceptions on attribute access<a class="headerlink" href="#raising-exceptions-on-attribute-access" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>You can use <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.PropertyMock" title="mock.PropertyMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">PropertyMock</span></tt></a> to mimic the behaviour of properties. This
+includes raising exceptions when an attribute is accessed.</p>
+<p>Here&#8217;s an example raising a <cite>ValueError</cite> when the &#8216;foo&#8217; attribute is accessed:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><pre>&gt;&gt;&gt; m = MagicMock()
+&gt;&gt;&gt; p = PropertyMock(side_effect=ValueError)
+&gt;&gt;&gt; type(m).foo = p
+&gt;&gt;&gt; m.foo
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+....
+ValueError</pre>
+</div>
+<p>Because every mock object has its own type, a new subclass of whichever mock
+class you&#8217;re using, all mock objects are isolated from each other. You can
+safely attach properties (or other descriptors or whatever you want in fact)
+to <cite>type(mock)</cite> without affecting other mock objects.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="multiple-calls-with-different-effects">
+<h2>Multiple calls with different effects<a class="headerlink" href="#multiple-calls-with-different-effects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
+<p class="last">In mock 1.0 the handling of iterable <cite>side_effect</cite> was changed. Any
+exceptions in the iterable will be raised instead of returned.</p>
+</div>
+<p>Handling code that needs to behave differently on subsequent calls during the
+test can be tricky. For example you may have a function that needs to raise
+an exception the first time it is called but returns a response on the second
+call (testing retry behaviour).</p>
+<p>One approach is to use a <tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt> function that replaces itself. The
+first time it is called the <cite>side_effect</cite> sets a new <cite>side_effect</cite> that will
+be used for the second call. It then raises an exception:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">side_effect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">second_call</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&#39;response&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">second_call</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;boom&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;first&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="o">...</span>
+<span class="gr">Exception</span>: <span class="n">boom</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;second&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;response&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;second&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Another perfectly valid way would be to pop return values from a list. If the
+return value is an exception, raise it instead of returning it:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">returns</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="ne">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;boom&#39;</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="s">&#39;response&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">side_effect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">returns</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ne">Exception</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="n">result</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">result</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;first&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="o">...</span>
+<span class="gr">Exception</span>: <span class="n">boom</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;second&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;response&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;second&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Which approach you prefer is a matter of taste. The first approach is actually
+a line shorter but maybe the second approach is more readable.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="nesting-patches">
+<h2>Nesting Patches<a class="headerlink" href="#nesting-patches" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Using patch as a context manager is nice, but if you do multiple patches you
+can end up with nested with statements indenting further and further to the
+right:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TestCase</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_foo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;mymodule.Foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">mock_foo</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;mymodule.Bar&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">mock_bar</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;mymodule.Spam&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">mock_spam</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Foo</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">mock_foo</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Bar</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">mock_bar</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Spam</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">mock_spam</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">original</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Foo</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;test_foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">test_foo</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Foo</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">original</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>With <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2">unittest2</a> <cite>cleanup</cite> functions and the <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#start-and-stop"><em>patch methods: start and stop</em></a> we can
+achieve the same effect without the nested indentation. A simple helper
+method, <cite>create_patch</cite>, puts the patch in place and returns the created mock
+for us:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TestCase</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">create_patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">patcher</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">thing</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">patcher</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">addCleanup</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">patcher</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">stop</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">thing</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_foo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">mock_foo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">create_patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;mymodule.Foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">mock_bar</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">create_patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;mymodule.Bar&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">mock_spam</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">create_patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;mymodule.Spam&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Foo</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">mock_foo</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Bar</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">mock_bar</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Spam</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">mock_spam</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">original</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Foo</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;test_foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Foo</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">original</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="mocking-a-dictionary-with-magicmock">
+<h2>Mocking a dictionary with MagicMock<a class="headerlink" href="#mocking-a-dictionary-with-magicmock" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>You may want to mock a dictionary, or other container object, recording all
+access to it whilst having it still behave like a dictionary.</p>
+<p>We can do this with <a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#mock.MagicMock" title="mock.MagicMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt></a>, which will behave like a dictionary,
+and using <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.side_effect" title="mock.Mock.side_effect"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt></a> to delegate dictionary access to a real
+underlying dictionary that is under our control.</p>
+<p>When the <cite>__getitem__</cite> and <cite>__setitem__</cite> methods of our <cite>MagicMock</cite> are called
+(normal dictionary access) then <cite>side_effect</cite> is called with the key (and in
+the case of <cite>__setitem__</cite> the value too). We can also control what is returned.</p>
+<p>After the <cite>MagicMock</cite> has been used we can use attributes like
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.call_args_list" title="mock.Mock.call_args_list"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">call_args_list</span></tt></a> to assert about how the dictionary was used:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_dict</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;a&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;b&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;c&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">getitem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">my_dict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">setitem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">my_dict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">val</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__getitem__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">getitem</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__setitem__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">setitem</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
+<p>An alternative to using <cite>MagicMock</cite> is to use <cite>Mock</cite> and <em>only</em> provide
+the magic methods you specifically want:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__setitem__</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">getitem</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__getitem__</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">setitem</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>A <em>third</em> option is to use <cite>MagicMock</cite> but passing in <cite>dict</cite> as the <cite>spec</cite>
+(or <cite>spec_set</cite>) argument so that the <cite>MagicMock</cite> created only has
+dictionary magic methods available:</p>
+<div class="last highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">spec_set</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__getitem__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">getitem</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__setitem__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">setitem</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>With these side effect functions in place, the <cite>mock</cite> will behave like a normal
+dictionary but recording the access. It even raises a <cite>KeyError</cite> if you try
+to access a key that doesn&#8217;t exist.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;a&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="go">1</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;c&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;d&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="o">...</span>
+<span class="gr">KeyError</span>: <span class="n">&#39;d&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;b&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;fish&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;d&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;eggs&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;b&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;fish&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;d&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;eggs&#39;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>After it has been used you can make assertions about the access using the normal
+mock methods and attributes:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__getitem__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_args_list</span>
+<span class="go">[call(&#39;a&#39;), call(&#39;c&#39;), call(&#39;d&#39;), call(&#39;b&#39;), call(&#39;d&#39;)]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__setitem__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_args_list</span>
+<span class="go">[call(&#39;b&#39;, &#39;fish&#39;), call(&#39;d&#39;, &#39;eggs&#39;)]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">my_dict</span>
+<span class="go">{&#39;a&#39;: 1, &#39;c&#39;: 3, &#39;b&#39;: &#39;fish&#39;, &#39;d&#39;: &#39;eggs&#39;}</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="mock-subclasses-and-their-attributes">
+<h2>Mock subclasses and their attributes<a class="headerlink" href="#mock-subclasses-and-their-attributes" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>There are various reasons why you might want to subclass <cite>Mock</cite>. One reason
+might be to add helper methods. Here&#8217;s a silly example:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">has_been_called</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">called</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mymock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MyMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mymock</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;MyMock id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mymock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">has_been_called</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">False</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mymock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mymock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">has_been_called</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>The standard behaviour for <cite>Mock</cite> instances is that attributes and the return
+value mocks are of the same type as the mock they are accessed on. This ensures
+that <cite>Mock</cite> attributes are <cite>Mocks</cite> and <cite>MagicMock</cite> attributes are <cite>MagicMocks</cite>
+<a class="footnote-reference" href="#id5" id="id4">[2]</a>. So if you&#8217;re subclassing to add helper methods then they&#8217;ll also be
+available on the attributes and return value mock of instances of your
+subclass.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mymock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;MyMock name=&#39;mock.foo&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mymock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">has_been_called</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">False</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mymock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;MyMock name=&#39;mock.foo()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mymock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">has_been_called</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Sometimes this is inconvenient. For example, <a class="reference external" href="https://code.google.com/p/mock/issues/detail?id=105">one user</a> is subclassing mock to
+created a <a class="reference external" href="http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/11.0.0/api/twisted.python.components.html">Twisted adaptor</a>.
+Having this applied to attributes too actually causes errors.</p>
+<p><cite>Mock</cite> (in all its flavours) uses a method called <cite>_get_child_mock</cite> to create
+these &#8220;sub-mocks&#8221; for attributes and return values. You can prevent your
+subclass being used for attributes by overriding this method. The signature is
+that it takes arbitrary keyword arguments (<cite>**kwargs</cite>) which are then passed
+onto the mock constructor:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Subclass</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">_get_child_mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mymock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Subclass</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mymock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;MagicMock name=&#39;mock.foo&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mymock</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Subclass</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mymock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Subclass</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mymock</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">Subclass</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="id5" rules="none">
+<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
+<tbody valign="top">
+<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id4">[2]</a></td><td>An exception to this rule are the non-callable mocks. Attributes use the
+callable variant because otherwise non-callable mocks couldn&#8217;t have callable
+methods.</td></tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="mocking-imports-with-patch-dict">
+<h2>Mocking imports with patch.dict<a class="headerlink" href="#mocking-imports-with-patch-dict" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>One situation where mocking can be hard is where you have a local import inside
+a function. These are harder to mock because they aren&#8217;t using an object from
+the module namespace that we can patch out.</p>
+<p>Generally local imports are to be avoided. They are sometimes done to prevent
+circular dependencies, for which there is <em>usually</em> a much better way to solve
+the problem (refactor the code) or to prevent &#8220;up front costs&#8221; by delaying the
+import. This can also be solved in better ways than an unconditional local
+import (store the module as a class or module attribute and only do the import
+on first use).</p>
+<p>That aside there is a way to use <cite>mock</cite> to affect the results of an import.
+Importing fetches an <em>object</em> from the <cite>sys.modules</cite> dictionary. Note that it
+fetches an <em>object</em>, which need not be a module. Importing a module for the
+first time results in a module object being put in <cite>sys.modules</cite>, so usually
+when you import something you get a module back. This need not be the case
+however.</p>
+<p>This means you can use <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch.dict" title="mock.patch.dict"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch.dict()</span></tt></a> to <em>temporarily</em> put a mock in place
+in <cite>sys.modules</cite>. Any imports whilst this patch is active will fetch the mock.
+When the patch is complete (the decorated function exits, the with statement
+body is complete or <cite>patcher.stop()</cite> is called) then whatever was there
+previously will be restored safely.</p>
+<p>Here&#8217;s an example that mocks out the &#8216;fooble&#8217; module.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;sys.modules&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;fooble&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">}):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">fooble</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">fooble</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">blob</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Mock name=&#39;mock.blob()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="s">&#39;fooble&#39;</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">sys</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">modules</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">blob</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>As you can see the <cite>import fooble</cite> succeeds, but on exit there is no &#8216;fooble&#8217;
+left in <cite>sys.modules</cite>.</p>
+<p>This also works for the <cite>from module import name</cite> form:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;sys.modules&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;fooble&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">}):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">fooble</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">blob</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">blob</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">blip</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Mock name=&#39;mock.blob.blip()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">blob</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">blip</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>With slightly more work you can also mock package imports:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">modules</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;package&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;package.module&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">module</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;sys.modules&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">modules</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">package.module</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">fooble</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">fooble</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Mock name=&#39;mock.module.fooble()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fooble</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="tracking-order-of-calls-and-less-verbose-call-assertions">
+<h2>Tracking order of calls and less verbose call assertions<a class="headerlink" href="#tracking-order-of-calls-and-less-verbose-call-assertions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock" title="mock.Mock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock</span></tt></a> class allows you to track the <em>order</em> of method calls on
+your mock objects through the <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.method_calls" title="mock.Mock.method_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">method_calls</span></tt></a> attribute. This
+doesn&#8217;t allow you to track the order of calls between separate mock objects,
+however we can use <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.mock_calls" title="mock.Mock.mock_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">mock_calls</span></tt></a> to achieve the same effect.</p>
+<p>Because mocks track calls to child mocks in <cite>mock_calls</cite>, and accessing an
+arbitrary attribute of a mock creates a child mock, we can create our separate
+mocks from a parent one. Calls to those child mock will then all be recorded,
+in order, in the <cite>mock_calls</cite> of the parent:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">manager</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_foo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">manager</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_bar</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">manager</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bar</span>
+
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_foo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">something</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Mock name=&#39;mock.foo.something()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_bar</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">other</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">thing</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Mock name=&#39;mock.bar.other.thing()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">manager</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span>
+<span class="go">[call.foo.something(), call.bar.other.thing()]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>We can then assert about the calls, including the order, by comparing with
+the <cite>mock_calls</cite> attribute on the manager mock:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">expected_calls</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">call</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">something</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">call</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bar</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">other</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">thing</span><span class="p">()]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">manager</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">expected_calls</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>If <cite>patch</cite> is creating, and putting in place, your mocks then you can attach
+them to a manager mock using the <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.attach_mock" title="mock.Mock.attach_mock"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">attach_mock()</span></tt></a> method. After
+attaching calls will be recorded in <cite>mock_calls</cite> of the manager.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">manager</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;mymodule.Class1&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">MockClass1</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;mymodule.Class2&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">MockClass2</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">manager</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attach_mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MockClass1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;MockClass1&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">manager</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attach_mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MockClass2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;MockClass2&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">MockClass1</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">MockClass2</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bar</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;MagicMock name=&#39;mock.MockClass1().foo()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;MagicMock name=&#39;mock.MockClass2().bar()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">manager</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span>
+<span class="go">[call.MockClass1(),</span>
+<span class="go"> call.MockClass1().foo(),</span>
+<span class="go"> call.MockClass2(),</span>
+<span class="go"> call.MockClass2().bar()]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>If many calls have been made, but you&#8217;re only interested in a particular
+sequence of them then an alternative is to use the
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.assert_has_calls" title="mock.Mock.assert_has_calls"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">assert_has_calls()</span></tt></a> method. This takes a list of calls (constructed
+with the <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.call" title="mock.call"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">call</span></tt></a> object). If that sequence of calls are in
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.mock_calls" title="mock.Mock.mock_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">mock_calls</span></tt></a> then the assert succeeds.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bar</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">baz</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;MagicMock name=&#39;mock().foo().bar().baz()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">one</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">two</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">three</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;MagicMock name=&#39;mock.one().two().three()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">calls</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">call</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">one</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">two</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">three</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_list</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_has_calls</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">calls</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Even though the chained call <cite>m.one().two().three()</cite> aren&#8217;t the only calls that
+have been made to the mock, the assert still succeeds.</p>
+<p>Sometimes a mock may have several calls made to it, and you are only interested
+in asserting about <em>some</em> of those calls. You may not even care about the
+order. In this case you can pass <cite>any_order=True</cite> to <cite>assert_has_calls</cite>:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">two</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">seven</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fifty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;50&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">(...)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">calls</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">call</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fifty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;50&#39;</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">call</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">call</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">seven</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">)]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_has_calls</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">calls</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">any_order</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="more-complex-argument-matching">
+<h2>More complex argument matching<a class="headerlink" href="#more-complex-argument-matching" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Using the same basic concept as <cite>ANY</cite> we can implement matchers to do more
+complex assertions on objects used as arguments to mocks.</p>
+<p>Suppose we expect some object to be passed to a mock that by default
+compares equal based on object identity (which is the Python default for user
+defined classes). To use <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.assert_called_with" title="mock.Mock.assert_called_with"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">assert_called_with()</span></tt></a> we would need to pass
+in the exact same object. If we are only interested in some of the attributes
+of this object then we can create a matcher that will check these attributes
+for us.</p>
+<p>You can see in this example how a &#8216;standard&#8217; call to <cite>assert_called_with</cite> isn&#8217;t
+sufficient:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Foo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Foo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Foo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="o">...</span>
+<span class="gr">AssertionError: Expected</span>: <span class="n">call(&lt;__main__.Foo object at 0x...&gt;)</span>
+<span class="go">Actual call: call(&lt;__main__.Foo object at 0x...&gt;)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>A comparison function for our <cite>Foo</cite> class might look something like this:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">compare</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">other</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="nb">type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="nb">type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">other</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">False</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">other</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">False</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">other</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">False</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">True</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>And a matcher object that can use comparison functions like this for its
+equality operation would look something like this:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Matcher</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">compare</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">some_obj</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">compare</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">compare</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_obj</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">some_obj</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__eq__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">other</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">compare</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">other</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Putting all this together:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">match_foo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Matcher</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">compare</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Foo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">match_foo</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>The <cite>Matcher</cite> is instantiated with our compare function and the <cite>Foo</cite> object
+we want to compare against. In <cite>assert_called_with</cite> the <cite>Matcher</cite> equality
+method will be called, which compares the object the mock was called with
+against the one we created our matcher with. If they match then
+<cite>assert_called_with</cite> passes, and if they don&#8217;t an <cite>AssertionError</cite> is raised:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">match_wrong</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Matcher</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">compare</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Foo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">match_wrong</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="o">...</span>
+<span class="gr">AssertionError: Expected</span>: <span class="n">((&lt;Matcher object at 0x...&gt;,), {})</span>
+<span class="go">Called with: ((&lt;Foo object at 0x...&gt;,), {})</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>With a bit of tweaking you could have the comparison function raise the
+<cite>AssertionError</cite> directly and provide a more useful failure message.</p>
+<p>As of version 1.5, the Python testing library <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/PyHamcrest">PyHamcrest</a> provides similar functionality,
+that may be useful here, in the form of its equality matcher
+(<a class="reference external" href="http://packages.python.org/PyHamcrest/integration.html#hamcrest.library.integration.match_equality">hamcrest.library.integration.match_equality</a>).</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="less-verbose-configuration-of-mock-objects">
+<h2>Less verbose configuration of mock objects<a class="headerlink" href="#less-verbose-configuration-of-mock-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>This recipe, for easier configuration of mock objects, is now part of <cite>Mock</cite>.
+See the <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.configure_mock" title="mock.Mock.configure_mock"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">configure_mock()</span></tt></a> method.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="matching-any-argument-in-assertions">
+<h2>Matching any argument in assertions<a class="headerlink" href="#matching-any-argument-in-assertions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>This example is now built in to mock. See <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.ANY" title="mock.ANY"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">ANY</span></tt></a>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="mocking-properties">
+<h2>Mocking Properties<a class="headerlink" href="#mocking-properties" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>This example is now built in to mock. See <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.PropertyMock" title="mock.PropertyMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">PropertyMock</span></tt></a>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="mocking-open">
+<h2>Mocking open<a class="headerlink" href="#mocking-open" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>This example is now built in to mock. See <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.mock_open" title="mock.mock_open"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">mock_open()</span></tt></a>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="mocks-without-some-attributes">
+<h2>Mocks without some attributes<a class="headerlink" href="#mocks-without-some-attributes" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>This example is now built in to mock. See <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#deleting-attributes"><em>Deleting Attributes</em></a>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="sphinxsidebar">
+ <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
+ <h3><a href="index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
+ <ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Further Examples</a><ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mocking-chained-calls">Mocking chained calls</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#partial-mocking">Partial mocking</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mocking-a-generator-method">Mocking a Generator Method</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#applying-the-same-patch-to-every-test-method">Applying the same patch to every test method</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mocking-unbound-methods">Mocking Unbound Methods</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#checking-multiple-calls-with-mock">Checking multiple calls with mock</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#coping-with-mutable-arguments">Coping with mutable arguments</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#raising-exceptions-on-attribute-access">Raising exceptions on attribute access</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#multiple-calls-with-different-effects">Multiple calls with different effects</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#nesting-patches">Nesting Patches</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mocking-a-dictionary-with-magicmock">Mocking a dictionary with MagicMock</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mock-subclasses-and-their-attributes">Mock subclasses and their attributes</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mocking-imports-with-patch-dict">Mocking imports with patch.dict</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#tracking-order-of-calls-and-less-verbose-call-assertions">Tracking order of calls and less verbose call assertions</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#more-complex-argument-matching">More complex argument matching</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#less-verbose-configuration-of-mock-objects">Less verbose configuration of mock objects</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#matching-any-argument-in-assertions">Matching any argument in assertions</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mocking-properties">Mocking Properties</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mocking-open">Mocking open</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mocks-without-some-attributes">Mocks without some attributes</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+
+ <h4>Previous topic</h4>
+ <p class="topless"><a href="getting-started.html"
+ title="previous chapter">Getting Started with Mock</a></p>
+ <h4>Next topic</h4>
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+ </dt>
+
+ </dl></td>
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+
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+ <dt><a href="mock.html#mock.Mock._get_child_mock">_get_child_mock() (Mock method)</a>
+ </dt>
+
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+<table style="width: 100%" class="indextable genindextable"><tr>
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+
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+
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+
+ <dt><a href="mock.html#mock.Mock.assert_any_call">assert_any_call() (Mock method)</a>
+ </dt>
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+ <dt><a href="mock.html#mock.Mock.assert_called_with">assert_called_with() (Mock method)</a>
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+ </dt>
+
+ </dl></td>
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+
+<h2 id="C">C</h2>
+<table style="width: 100%" class="indextable genindextable"><tr>
+ <td style="width: 33%" valign="top"><dl>
+
+ <dt><a href="helpers.html#mock.call">call() (in module mock)</a>
+ </dt>
+
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+ <dt><a href="mock.html#mock.Mock.call_args">call_args (Mock attribute)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+
+ <dt><a href="mock.html#mock.Mock.call_args_list">call_args_list (Mock attribute)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+
+ <dt><a href="mock.html#mock.Mock.call_count">call_count (Mock attribute)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+
+ <dt><a href="helpers.html#mock.call.call_list">call_list() (call method)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+ </dl></td>
+ <td style="width: 33%" valign="top"><dl>
+
+ <dt><a href="mock.html#mock.Mock.called">called (Mock attribute)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+
+ <dt><a href="mock.html#index-6">calling</a>
+ </dt>
+
+
+ <dt><a href="mock.html#mock.Mock.configure_mock">configure_mock() (Mock method)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+
+ <dt><a href="helpers.html#mock.create_autospec">create_autospec() (in module mock)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+ </dl></td>
+</tr></table>
+
+<h2 id="D">D</h2>
+<table style="width: 100%" class="indextable genindextable"><tr>
+ <td style="width: 33%" valign="top"><dl>
+
+ <dt><a href="sentinel.html#mock.DEFAULT">DEFAULT (in module mock)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+ </dl></td>
+</tr></table>
+
+<h2 id="E">E</h2>
+<table style="width: 100%" class="indextable genindextable"><tr>
+ <td style="width: 33%" valign="top"><dl>
+
+ <dt><a href="index.html#index-5">easy_install</a>
+ </dt>
+
+ </dl></td>
+</tr></table>
+
+<h2 id="F">F</h2>
+<table style="width: 100%" class="indextable genindextable"><tr>
+ <td style="width: 33%" valign="top"><dl>
+
+ <dt><a href="helpers.html#mock.FILTER_DIR">FILTER_DIR (in module mock)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+ </dl></td>
+</tr></table>
+
+<h2 id="G">G</h2>
+<table style="width: 100%" class="indextable genindextable"><tr>
+ <td style="width: 33%" valign="top"><dl>
+
+ <dt><a href="getting-started.html#index-0">Getting Started</a>
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+
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+<h2 id="H">H</h2>
+<table style="width: 100%" class="indextable genindextable"><tr>
+ <td style="width: 33%" valign="top"><dl>
+
+ <dt><a href="index.html#index-3">hg</a>
+ </dt>
+
+ </dl></td>
+</tr></table>
+
+<h2 id="I">I</h2>
+<table style="width: 100%" class="indextable genindextable"><tr>
+ <td style="width: 33%" valign="top"><dl>
+
+ <dt><a href="index.html#index-1">installing</a>
+ </dt>
+
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+ <td style="width: 33%" valign="top"><dl>
+
+ <dt><a href="index.html#index-0">introduction</a>
+ </dt>
+
+ </dl></td>
+</tr></table>
+
+<h2 id="M">M</h2>
+<table style="width: 100%" class="indextable genindextable"><tr>
+ <td style="width: 33%" valign="top"><dl>
+
+ <dt><a href="magicmock.html#mock.MagicMock">MagicMock (class in mock)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+
+ <dt><a href="mock.html#mock.Mock.method_calls">method_calls (Mock attribute)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+
+ <dt><a href="mock.html#mock.Mock">Mock (class in mock)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+
+ <dt><a href="index.html#module-mock">mock (module)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+ </dl></td>
+ <td style="width: 33%" valign="top"><dl>
+
+ <dt><a href="mock.html#mock.Mock.mock_add_spec">mock_add_spec() (Mock method)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+
+ <dt><a href="mock.html#mock.Mock.mock_calls">mock_calls (Mock attribute)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+
+ <dt><a href="helpers.html#mock.mock_open">mock_open() (in module mock)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+ </dl></td>
+</tr></table>
+
+<h2 id="N">N</h2>
+<table style="width: 100%" class="indextable genindextable"><tr>
+ <td style="width: 33%" valign="top"><dl>
+
+ <dt><a href="mock.html#index-3">name</a>
+ </dt>
+
+
+ <dt><a href="magicmock.html#mock.NonCallableMagicMock">NonCallableMagicMock (class in mock)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+ </dl></td>
+ <td style="width: 33%" valign="top"><dl>
+
+ <dt><a href="mock.html#mock.NonCallableMock">NonCallableMock (class in mock)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+ </dl></td>
+</tr></table>
+
+<h2 id="O">O</h2>
+<table style="width: 100%" class="indextable genindextable"><tr>
+ <td style="width: 33%" valign="top"><dl>
+
+ <dt><a href="index.html#index-12">older versions</a>
+ </dt>
+
+ </dl></td>
+</tr></table>
+
+<h2 id="P">P</h2>
+<table style="width: 100%" class="indextable genindextable"><tr>
+ <td style="width: 33%" valign="top"><dl>
+
+ <dt><a href="patch.html#mock.patch">patch() (in module mock)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+
+ <dt><a href="patch.html#mock.patch.dict">patch.dict() (in module mock)</a>
+ </dt>
+
+
+ <dt><a href="patch.html#mock.patch.multiple">patch.multiple() (in module mock)</a>
+ </dt>
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+
+ <div class="section" id="getting-started-with-mock">
+<h1>Getting Started with Mock<a class="headerlink" href="#getting-started-with-mock" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<span class="target" id="getting-started"></span><span class="target" id="index-0"></span><div class="section" id="using-mock">
+<h2>Using Mock<a class="headerlink" href="#using-mock" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<div class="section" id="mock-patching-methods">
+<h3>Mock Patching Methods<a class="headerlink" href="#mock-patching-methods" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<p>Common uses for <tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock</span></tt> objects include:</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li>Patching methods</li>
+<li>Recording method calls on objects</li>
+</ul>
+<p>You might want to replace a method on an object to check that
+it is called with the correct arguments by another part of the system:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">real</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">real</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;method&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">real</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;value&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;MagicMock name=&#39;method()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Once our mock has been used (<cite>real.method</cite> in this example) it has methods
+and attributes that allow you to make assertions about how it has been used.</p>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
+<p class="last">In most of these examples the <tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock</span></tt> and <tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt> classes
+are interchangeable. As the <cite>MagicMock</cite> is the more capable class it makes
+a sensible one to use by default.</p>
+</div>
+<p>Once the mock has been called its <tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">called</span></tt> attribute is set to
+<cite>True</cite>. More importantly we can use the <tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">assert_called_with()</span></tt> or
+<tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">assert_called_once_with()</span></tt> method to check that it was called with
+the correct arguments.</p>
+<p>This example tests that calling <cite>ProductionClass().method</cite> results in a call to
+the <cite>something</cite> method:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">mock</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">ProductionClass</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">something</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">something</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">real</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ProductionClass</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">real</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">something</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">real</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">real</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">something</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="mock-for-method-calls-on-an-object">
+<h3>Mock for Method Calls on an Object<a class="headerlink" href="#mock-for-method-calls-on-an-object" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<p>In the last example we patched a method directly on an object to check that it
+was called correctly. Another common use case is to pass an object into a
+method (or some part of the system under test) and then check that it is used
+in the correct way.</p>
+<p>The simple <cite>ProductionClass</cite> below has a <cite>closer</cite> method. If it is called with
+an object then it calls <cite>close</cite> on it.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">ProductionClass</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">closer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">something</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">something</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>So to test it we need to pass in an object with a <cite>close</cite> method and check
+that it was called correctly.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">real</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ProductionClass</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">real</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">closer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>We don&#8217;t have to do any work to provide the &#8216;close&#8217; method on our mock.
+Accessing close creates it. So, if &#8216;close&#8217; hasn&#8217;t already been called then
+accessing it in the test will create it, but <tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">assert_called_with()</span></tt>
+will raise a failure exception.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="mocking-classes">
+<h3>Mocking Classes<a class="headerlink" href="#mocking-classes" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<p>A common use case is to mock out classes instantiated by your code under test.
+When you patch a class, then that class is replaced with a mock. Instances
+are created by <em>calling the class</em>. This means you access the &#8220;mock instance&#8221;
+by looking at the return value of the mocked class.</p>
+<p>In the example below we have a function <cite>some_function</cite> that instantiates <cite>Foo</cite>
+and calls a method on it. The call to <cite>patch</cite> replaces the class <cite>Foo</cite> with a
+mock. The <cite>Foo</cite> instance is the result of calling the mock, so it is configured
+by modifying the mock <tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">return_value</span></tt>.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">some_function</span><span class="p">():</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">instance</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Foo</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">instance</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;module.Foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">instance</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">instance</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;the result&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">some_function</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s">&#39;the result&#39;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="naming-your-mocks">
+<h3>Naming your mocks<a class="headerlink" href="#naming-your-mocks" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<p>It can be useful to give your mocks a name. The name is shown in the repr of
+the mock and can be helpful when the mock appears in test failure messages. The
+name is also propagated to attributes or methods of the mock:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;MagicMock name=&#39;foo&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;MagicMock name=&#39;foo.method&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="tracking-all-calls">
+<h3>Tracking all Calls<a class="headerlink" href="#tracking-all-calls" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<p>Often you want to track more than a single call to a method. The
+<tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">mock_calls</span></tt> attribute records all calls
+to child attributes of the mock - and also to their children.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;MagicMock name=&#39;mock.method()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">53</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;MagicMock name=&#39;mock.attribute.method()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span>
+<span class="go">[call.method(), call.attribute.method(10, x=53)]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>If you make an assertion about <cite>mock_calls</cite> and any unexpected methods
+have been called, then the assertion will fail. This is useful because as well
+as asserting that the calls you expected have been made, you are also checking
+that they were made in the right order and with no additional calls:</p>
+<p>You use the <tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">call</span></tt> object to construct lists for comparing with
+<cite>mock_calls</cite>:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">expected</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">call</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">call</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">53</span><span class="p">)]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">expected</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="setting-return-values-and-attributes">
+<h3>Setting Return Values and Attributes<a class="headerlink" href="#setting-return-values-and-attributes" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<p>Setting the return values on a mock object is trivially easy:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Of course you can do the same for methods on the mock:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>The return value can also be set in the constructor:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>If you need an attribute setting on your mock, just do it:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">x</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Sometimes you want to mock up a more complex situation, like for example
+<cite>mock.connection.cursor().execute(&#8220;SELECT 1&#8221;)</cite>. If we wanted this call to
+return a list, then we have to configure the result of the nested call.</p>
+<p>We can use <tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">call</span></tt> to construct the set of calls in a &#8220;chained call&#8221; like
+this for easy assertion afterwards:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">cursor</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connection</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cursor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">cursor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connection</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cursor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;SELECT 1&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">[&#39;foo&#39;]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">expected</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">call</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connection</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cursor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;SELECT 1&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_list</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span>
+<span class="go">[call.connection.cursor(), call.connection.cursor().execute(&#39;SELECT 1&#39;)]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">expected</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>It is the call to <cite>.call_list()</cite> that turns our call object into a list of
+calls representing the chained calls.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="raising-exceptions-with-mocks">
+<h3>Raising exceptions with mocks<a class="headerlink" href="#raising-exceptions-with-mocks" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<p>A useful attribute is <tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt>. If you set this to an
+exception class or instance then the exception will be raised when the mock
+is called.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="ne">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;Boom!&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">Exception</span>: <span class="n">Boom!</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="side-effect-functions-and-iterables">
+<h3>Side effect functions and iterables<a class="headerlink" href="#side-effect-functions-and-iterables" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<p><cite>side_effect</cite> can also be set to a function or an iterable. The use case for
+<cite>side_effect</cite> as an iterable is where your mock is going to be called several
+times, and you want each call to return a different value. When you set
+<cite>side_effect</cite> to an iterable every call to the mock returns the next value
+from the iterable:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">])</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">4</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">5</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">6</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>For more advanced use cases, like dynamically varying the return values
+depending on what the mock is called with, <cite>side_effect</cite> can be a function.
+The function will be called with the same arguments as the mock. Whatever the
+function returns is what the call returns:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">vals</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">):</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">):</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">side_effect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">vals</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">1</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">2</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="creating-a-mock-from-an-existing-object">
+<h3>Creating a Mock from an Existing Object<a class="headerlink" href="#creating-a-mock-from-an-existing-object" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<p>One problem with over use of mocking is that it couples your tests to the
+implementation of your mocks rather than your real code. Suppose you have a
+class that implements <cite>some_method</cite>. In a test for another class, you
+provide a mock of this object that <em>also</em> provides <cite>some_method</cite>. If later
+you refactor the first class, so that it no longer has <cite>some_method</cite> - then
+your tests will continue to pass even though your code is now broken!</p>
+<p><cite>Mock</cite> allows you to provide an object as a specification for the mock,
+using the <cite>spec</cite> keyword argument. Accessing methods / attributes on the
+mock that don&#8217;t exist on your specification object will immediately raise an
+attribute error. If you change the implementation of your specification, then
+tests that use that class will start failing immediately without you having to
+instantiate the class in those tests.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">spec</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">old_method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">AttributeError</span>: <span class="n">object has no attribute &#39;old_method&#39;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>If you want a stronger form of specification that prevents the setting
+of arbitrary attributes as well as the getting of them then you can use
+<cite>spec_set</cite> instead of <cite>spec</cite>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="patch-decorators">
+<h2>Patch Decorators<a class="headerlink" href="#patch-decorators" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
+<p class="last">With <cite>patch</cite> it matters that you patch objects in the namespace where they
+are looked up. This is normally straightforward, but for a quick guide
+read <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#where-to-patch"><em>where to patch</em></a>.</p>
+</div>
+<p>A common need in tests is to patch a class attribute or a module attribute,
+for example patching a builtin or patching a class in a module to test that it
+is instantiated. Modules and classes are effectively global, so patching on
+them has to be undone after the test or the patch will persist into other
+tests and cause hard to diagnose problems.</p>
+<p>mock provides three convenient decorators for this: <cite>patch</cite>, <cite>patch.object</cite> and
+<cite>patch.dict</cite>. <cite>patch</cite> takes a single string, of the form
+<cite>package.module.Class.attribute</cite> to specify the attribute you are patching. It
+also optionally takes a value that you want the attribute (or class or
+whatever) to be replaced with. &#8216;patch.object&#8217; takes an object and the name of
+the attribute you would like patched, plus optionally the value to patch it
+with.</p>
+<p><cite>patch.object</cite>:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">original</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@patch.object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;attribute&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sentinel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test</span><span class="p">():</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">sentinel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">test</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">original</span>
+
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;package.module.attribute&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sentinel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test</span><span class="p">():</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">package.module</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">attribute</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">attribute</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">sentinel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">test</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>If you are patching a module (including <cite>__builtin__</cite>) then use <cite>patch</cite>
+instead of <cite>patch.object</cite>:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sentinel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">file_handle</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__builtin__.open&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">handle</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;filename&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;r&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;filename&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;r&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">handle</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">sentinel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">file_handle</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&quot;incorrect file handle returned&quot;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>The module name can be &#8216;dotted&#8217;, in the form <cite>package.module</cite> if needed:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;package.module.ClassName.attribute&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sentinel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test</span><span class="p">():</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">package.module</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">ClassName</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">ClassName</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">sentinel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">test</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>A nice pattern is to actually decorate test methods themselves:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">unittest2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TestCase</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="nd">@patch.object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;attribute&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sentinel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_something</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assertEqual</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sentinel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">original</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;test_something&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">test_something</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">original</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>If you want to patch with a Mock, you can use <cite>patch</cite> with only one argument
+(or <cite>patch.object</cite> with two arguments). The mock will be created for you and
+passed into the test function / method:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">unittest2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TestCase</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="nd">@patch.object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;static_method&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_something</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock_method</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">static_method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">mock_method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;test_something&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">test_something</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>You can stack up multiple patch decorators using this pattern:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">unittest2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TestCase</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="nd">@patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;package.module.ClassName1&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="nd">@patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;package.module.ClassName2&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_something</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">MockClass2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">MockClass1</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assertTrue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">package</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ClassName1</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">MockClass1</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assertTrue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">package</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ClassName2</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">MockClass2</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;test_something&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">test_something</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>When you nest patch decorators the mocks are passed in to the decorated
+function in the same order they applied (the normal <em>python</em> order that
+decorators are applied). This means from the bottom up, so in the example
+above the mock for <cite>test_module.ClassName2</cite> is passed in first.</p>
+<p>There is also <tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch.dict()</span></tt> for setting values in a dictionary just
+during a scope and restoring the dictionary to its original state when the test
+ends:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">foo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;key&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&#39;value&#39;</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">original</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">foo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">copy</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;newkey&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&#39;newvalue&#39;</span><span class="p">},</span> <span class="n">clear</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">foo</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;newkey&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&#39;newvalue&#39;</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">foo</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">original</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p><cite>patch</cite>, <cite>patch.object</cite> and <cite>patch.dict</cite> can all be used as context managers.</p>
+<p>Where you use <cite>patch</cite> to create a mock for you, you can get a reference to the
+mock using the &#8220;as&#8221; form of the with statement:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">ProductionClass</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ProductionClass</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;method&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">mock_method</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">mock_method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">None</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">real</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ProductionClass</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">real</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>As an alternative <cite>patch</cite>, <cite>patch.object</cite> and <cite>patch.dict</cite> can be used as
+class decorators. When used in this way it is the same as applying the
+decorator indvidually to every method whose name starts with &#8220;test&#8221;.</p>
+<p>For some more advanced examples, see the <a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#further-examples"><em>Further Examples</em></a> page.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="sphinxsidebar">
+ <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
+ <h3><a href="index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
+ <ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Getting Started with Mock</a><ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-mock">Using Mock</a><ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mock-patching-methods">Mock Patching Methods</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mock-for-method-calls-on-an-object">Mock for Method Calls on an Object</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mocking-classes">Mocking Classes</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#naming-your-mocks">Naming your mocks</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#tracking-all-calls">Tracking all Calls</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#setting-return-values-and-attributes">Setting Return Values and Attributes</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#raising-exceptions-with-mocks">Raising exceptions with mocks</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#side-effect-functions-and-iterables">Side effect functions and iterables</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#creating-a-mock-from-an-existing-object">Creating a Mock from an Existing Object</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#patch-decorators">Patch Decorators</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+
+ <h4>Previous topic</h4>
+ <p class="topless"><a href="magicmock.html"
+ title="previous chapter">Mocking Magic Methods</a></p>
+ <h4>Next topic</h4>
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+ <h3>This Page</h3>
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+ <div class="documentwrapper">
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+ <div class="body">
+
+ <div class="section" id="mock-mocking-and-testing-library">
+<h1>Mock - Mocking and Testing Library<a class="headerlink" href="#mock-mocking-and-testing-library" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
+<col class="field-name" />
+<col class="field-body" />
+<tbody valign="top">
+<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Author:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference external" href="http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/weblog/index.shtml">Michael Foord</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Version:</th><td class="field-body">1.0.0</td>
+</tr>
+<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Date:</th><td class="field-body">2012/10/07</td>
+</tr>
+<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Homepage:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference external" href="http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/">Mock Homepage</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Download:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/mock">Mock on PyPI</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Documentation:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference external" href="http://www.voidspace.org.uk/downloads/mock-1.0.0.pdf">PDF Documentation</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">License:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference external" href="http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/license.shtml">BSD License</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Support:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference external" href="http://lists.idyll.org/listinfo/testing-in-python">Mailing list (testing-in-python&#64;lists.idyll.org)</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Issue tracker:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference external" href="http://code.google.com/p/mock/issues/list">Google code project</a></td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+<span class="target" id="module-mock"></span><p id="index-0">mock is a library for testing in Python. It allows you to replace parts of
+your system under test with mock objects and make assertions about how they
+have been used.</p>
+<p>mock is now part of the Python standard library, available as <a class="reference external" href="http://docs.python.org/py3k/library/unittest.mock.html#module-unittest.mock">unittest.mock</a>
+in Python 3.3 onwards.</p>
+<p>mock provides a core <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock" title="mock.Mock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock</span></tt></a> class removing the need to create a host
+of stubs throughout your test suite. After performing an action, you can make
+assertions about which methods / attributes were used and arguments they were
+called with. You can also specify return values and set needed attributes in
+the normal way.</p>
+<p>Additionally, mock provides a <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch" title="mock.patch"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch()</span></tt></a> decorator that handles patching
+module and class level attributes within the scope of a test, along with
+<a class="reference internal" href="sentinel.html#mock.sentinel" title="mock.sentinel"><tt class="xref py py-const docutils literal"><span class="pre">sentinel</span></tt></a> for creating unique objects. See the <a class="reference internal" href="#quick-guide">quick guide</a> for
+some examples of how to use <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock" title="mock.Mock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock</span></tt></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#mock.MagicMock" title="mock.MagicMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt></a> and
+<a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch" title="mock.patch"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch()</span></tt></a>.</p>
+<p>Mock is very easy to use and is designed for use with
+<a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2">unittest</a>. Mock is based on
+the &#8216;action -&gt; assertion&#8217; pattern instead of <cite>&#8216;record -&gt; replay&#8217;</cite> used by many
+mocking frameworks.</p>
+<p>mock is tested on Python versions 2.4-2.7, Python 3 plus the latest versions of
+Jython and PyPy.</p>
+<div class="section" id="api-documentation">
+<h2>API Documentation<a class="headerlink" href="#api-documentation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
+<ul>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="mock.html">The Mock Class</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#calling">Calling</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#deleting-attributes">Deleting Attributes</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#attaching-mocks-as-attributes">Attaching Mocks as Attributes</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="patch.html">Patch Decorators</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#patch">patch</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#patch-object">patch.object</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#patch-dict">patch.dict</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#patch-multiple">patch.multiple</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#patch-methods-start-and-stop">patch methods: start and stop</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#test-prefix">TEST_PREFIX</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#nesting-patch-decorators">Nesting Patch Decorators</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#where-to-patch">Where to patch</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#patching-descriptors-and-proxy-objects">Patching Descriptors and Proxy Objects</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html">Helpers</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#call">call</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#create-autospec">create_autospec</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#any">ANY</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#filter-dir">FILTER_DIR</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock-open">mock_open</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#autospeccing">Autospeccing</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="sentinel.html">Sentinel</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="sentinel.html#sentinel-example">Sentinel Example</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html">Mocking Magic Methods</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#magic-mock">Magic Mock</a></li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="user-guide">
+<h2>User Guide<a class="headerlink" href="#user-guide" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
+<ul>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="getting-started.html">Getting Started with Mock</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="getting-started.html#using-mock">Using Mock</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="getting-started.html#patch-decorators">Patch Decorators</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html">Further Examples</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#mocking-chained-calls">Mocking chained calls</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#partial-mocking">Partial mocking</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#mocking-a-generator-method">Mocking a Generator Method</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#applying-the-same-patch-to-every-test-method">Applying the same patch to every test method</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#mocking-unbound-methods">Mocking Unbound Methods</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#checking-multiple-calls-with-mock">Checking multiple calls with mock</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#coping-with-mutable-arguments">Coping with mutable arguments</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#raising-exceptions-on-attribute-access">Raising exceptions on attribute access</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#multiple-calls-with-different-effects">Multiple calls with different effects</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#nesting-patches">Nesting Patches</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#mocking-a-dictionary-with-magicmock">Mocking a dictionary with MagicMock</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#mock-subclasses-and-their-attributes">Mock subclasses and their attributes</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#mocking-imports-with-patch-dict">Mocking imports with patch.dict</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#tracking-order-of-calls-and-less-verbose-call-assertions">Tracking order of calls and less verbose call assertions</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#more-complex-argument-matching">More complex argument matching</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#less-verbose-configuration-of-mock-objects">Less verbose configuration of mock objects</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#matching-any-argument-in-assertions">Matching any argument in assertions</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#mocking-properties">Mocking Properties</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#mocking-open">Mocking open</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#mocks-without-some-attributes">Mocks without some attributes</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="compare.html">Mock Library Comparison</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compare.html#simple-fake-object">Simple fake object</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compare.html#simple-mock">Simple mock</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compare.html#creating-partial-mocks">Creating partial mocks</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compare.html#ensure-calls-are-made-in-specific-order">Ensure calls are made in specific order</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compare.html#raising-exceptions">Raising exceptions</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compare.html#override-new-instances-of-a-class">Override new instances of a class</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compare.html#call-the-same-method-multiple-times">Call the same method multiple times</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compare.html#mock-chained-methods">Mock chained methods</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compare.html#mocking-a-context-manager">Mocking a context manager</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compare.html#mocking-the-builtin-open-used-as-a-context-manager">Mocking the builtin open used as a context manager</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html">CHANGELOG</a><ul>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-1-0-0">2012/10/07 Version 1.0.0</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-1-0-0-beta-1">2012/07/13 Version 1.0.0 beta 1</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-1-0-0-alpha-2">2012/05/04 Version 1.0.0 alpha 2</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-1-0-0-alpha-1">2012/03/25 Version 1.0.0 alpha 1</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-8-0">2012/02/13 Version 0.8.0</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-8-0-release-candidate-2">2012/01/10 Version 0.8.0 release candidate 2</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-8-0-release-candidate-1">2011/12/29 Version 0.8.0 release candidate 1</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-8-0-beta-4">2011/10/09 Version 0.8.0 beta 4</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-8-0-beta-3">2011/08/15 Version 0.8.0 beta 3</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-8-0-beta-2">2011/08/05 Version 0.8.0 beta 2</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-8-0-beta-1">2011/07/25 Version 0.8.0 beta 1</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-8-0-alpha-2">2011/07/16 Version 0.8.0 alpha 2</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-8-0-alpha-1">2011/06/14 Version 0.8.0 alpha 1</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-7-2">2011/05/30 Version 0.7.2</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-7-1">2011/05/06 Version 0.7.1</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-7-0">2011/03/05 Version 0.7.0</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-7-0-rc-1">2011/02/16 Version 0.7.0 RC 1</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-7-0-beta-4">2010/11/12 Version 0.7.0 beta 4</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-7-0-beta-3">2010/09/18 Version 0.7.0 beta 3</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-7-0-beta-2">2010/06/23 Version 0.7.0 beta 2</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-7-0-beta-1">2010/06/22 Version 0.7.0 beta 1</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-6-0">2009/08/22 Version 0.6.0</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-5-0">2009/04/17 Version 0.5.0</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-4-0">2008/10/12 Version 0.4.0</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-3-1">2007/12/03 Version 0.3.1</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-3-0">2007/11/30 Version 0.3.0</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-2-1">2007/11/21 Version 0.2.1</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-2-0">2007/11/20 Version 0.2.0</a></li>
+<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#version-0-1-0">2007/11/19 Version 0.1.0</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#todo-and-limitations">TODO and Limitations</a></li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="installing">
+<span id="index-1"></span><h2>Installing<a class="headerlink" href="#installing" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>The current version is 1.0.0. Mock is stable and widely used. If you do
+find any bugs, or have suggestions for improvements / extensions
+then please contact us.</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/mock">mock on PyPI</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://www.voidspace.org.uk/downloads/mock-1.0.0.pdf">mock documentation as PDF</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://code.google.com/p/mock/">Google Code Home &amp; Mercurial Repository</a></li>
+</ul>
+<span class="target" id="index-2"></span><p id="index-3">You can checkout the latest development version from the Google Code Mercurial
+repository with the following command:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">hg</span> <span class="pre">clone</span> <span class="pre">https://mock.googlecode.com/hg/</span> <span class="pre">mock</span></tt></div></blockquote>
+<span class="target" id="index-4"></span><span class="target" id="index-5"></span><p id="index-6">If you have pip, setuptools or distribute you can install mock with:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><div class="line-block">
+<div class="line"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">easy_install</span> <span class="pre">-U</span> <span class="pre">mock</span></tt></div>
+<div class="line"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pip</span> <span class="pre">install</span> <span class="pre">-U</span> <span class="pre">mock</span></tt></div>
+</div>
+</div></blockquote>
+<p>Alternatively you can download the mock distribution from PyPI and after
+unpacking run:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">setup.py</span> <span class="pre">install</span></tt></div></blockquote>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="quick-guide">
+<h2>Quick Guide<a class="headerlink" href="#quick-guide" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p><a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock" title="mock.Mock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock</span></tt></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#mock.MagicMock" title="mock.MagicMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt></a> objects create all attributes and
+methods as you access them and store details of how they have been used. You
+can configure them, to specify return values or limit what attributes are
+available, and then make assertions about how they have been used:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">mock</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">thing</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ProductionClass</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">thing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">thing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;value&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">thing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;value&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt> allows you to perform side effects, including raising an
+exception when a mock is called:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="ne">KeyError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">KeyError</span>: <span class="n">&#39;foo&#39;</span>
+
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">values</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;a&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;b&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;c&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">side_effect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arg</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">values</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">arg</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">side_effect</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;a&#39;</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;b&#39;</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;c&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">(1, 2, 3)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">(5, 4, 3)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Mock has many other ways you can configure it and control its behaviour. For
+example the <cite>spec</cite> argument configures the mock to take its specification
+from another object. Attempting to access attributes or methods on the mock
+that don&#8217;t exist on the spec will fail with an <cite>AttributeError</cite>.</p>
+<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch" title="mock.patch"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch()</span></tt></a> decorator / context manager makes it easy to mock classes or
+objects in a module under test. The object you specify will be replaced with a
+mock (or other object) during the test and restored when the test ends:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">mock</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">patch</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;module.ClassName2&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="nd">@patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;module.ClassName1&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MockClass1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">MockClass2</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ClassName1</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ClassName2</span><span class="p">()</span>
+
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">MockClass1</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ClassName1</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">MockClass2</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ClassName2</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">MockClass1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">called</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">MockClass2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">called</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">test</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
+<p>When you nest patch decorators the mocks are passed in to the decorated
+function in the same order they applied (the normal <em>python</em> order that
+decorators are applied). This means from the bottom up, so in the example
+above the mock for <cite>module.ClassName1</cite> is passed in first.</p>
+<p class="last">With <cite>patch</cite> it matters that you patch objects in the namespace where they
+are looked up. This is normally straightforward, but for a quick guide
+read <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#where-to-patch"><em>where to patch</em></a>.</p>
+</div>
+<p>As well as a decorator <cite>patch</cite> can be used as a context manager in a with
+statement:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ProductionClass</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;method&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">mock_method</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">thing</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ProductionClass</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">thing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>There is also <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch.dict" title="mock.patch.dict"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch.dict()</span></tt></a> for setting values in a dictionary just
+during a scope and restoring the dictionary to its original state when the test
+ends:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">foo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;key&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&#39;value&#39;</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">original</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">foo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">copy</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;newkey&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&#39;newvalue&#39;</span><span class="p">},</span> <span class="n">clear</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">foo</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;newkey&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&#39;newvalue&#39;</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">foo</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">original</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Mock supports the mocking of Python <a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#magic-methods"><em>magic methods</em></a>. The
+easiest way of using magic methods is with the <a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#mock.MagicMock" title="mock.MagicMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt></a> class. It
+allows you to do things like:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__str__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;foobarbaz&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;foobarbaz&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__str__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Mock allows you to assign functions (or other Mock instances) to magic methods
+and they will be called appropriately. The <cite>MagicMock</cite> class is just a Mock
+variant that has all of the magic methods pre-created for you (well, all the
+useful ones anyway).</p>
+<p>The following is an example of using magic methods with the ordinary Mock
+class:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__str__</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;wheeeeee&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;wheeeeee&#39;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>For ensuring that the mock objects in your tests have the same api as the
+objects they are replacing, you can use <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#auto-speccing"><em>auto-speccing</em></a>.
+Auto-speccing can be done through the <cite>autospec</cite> argument to patch, or the
+<a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.create_autospec" title="mock.create_autospec"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">create_autospec()</span></tt></a> function. Auto-speccing creates mock objects that
+have the same attributes and methods as the objects they are replacing, and
+any functions and methods (including constructors) have the same call
+signature as the real object.</p>
+<p>This ensures that your mocks will fail in the same way as your production
+code if they are used incorrectly:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">mock</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">create_autospec</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_function</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">create_autospec</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;fishy&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_function</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;fishy&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_function</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_function</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;wrong arguments&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">TypeError</span>: <span class="n">&lt;lambda&gt;() takes exactly 3 arguments (1 given)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p><cite>create_autospec</cite> can also be used on classes, where it copies the signature of
+the <cite>__init__</cite> method, and on callable objects where it copies the signature of
+the <cite>__call__</cite> method.</p>
+<span class="target" id="index-7"></span></div>
+<div class="section" id="references">
+<span id="index-8"></span><h2>References<a class="headerlink" href="#references" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Articles, blog entries and other stuff related to testing with Mock:</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/carljm/django-testing-slides/blob/master/models/30_no_database.md">Imposing a No DB Discipline on Django unit tests</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/dcramer/mock-django">mock-django: tools for mocking the Django ORM and models</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="https://blip.tv/file/4881513">PyCon 2011 Video: Testing with mock</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://noopenblockers.com/2012/01/06/mock-objects-in-python/">Mock objects in Python</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://blueprintforge.com/blog/2012/01/08/python-injecting-mock-objects-for-powerful-testing/">Python: Injecting Mock Objects for Powerful Testing</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://www.michaelpollmeier.com/python-mock-how-to-assert-a-substring-of-logger-output/">Python Mock: How to assert a substring of logger output</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://www.mattjmorrison.com/2011/09/mocking-django.html">Mocking Django</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://williamjohnbert.com/2011/07/how-to-unit-testing-in-django-with-mocking-and-patching/">Mocking dates and other classes that can&#8217;t be modified</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://konryd.blogspot.com/2010/06/mock-recipies.html">Mock recipes</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://konryd.blogspot.com/2010/05/mockity-mock-mock-some-love-for-mock.html">Mockity mock mock - some love for the mock module</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://mattsnider.com/python/mock-and-coverage/">Coverage and Mock (with django)</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://www.insomnihack.com/?p=194">Python Unit Testing with Mock</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://myadventuresincoding.wordpress.com/2011/02/26/python-python-mock-cheat-sheet/">Getting started with Python Mock</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://tobyho.com/2011/03/24/smart-parameter-checks-in/">Smart Parameter Checks with mock</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://agiletesting.blogspot.com/2009/07/python-mock-testing-techniques-and.html">Python mock testing techniques and tools</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://techblog.ironfroggy.com/2008/10/how-to-test.html">How To Test Django Template Tags</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://pypap.blogspot.com/2008/10/newbie-nugget-unit-testing-with-mock.html">A presentation on Unit Testing with Mock</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://michael-a-nelson.blogspot.com/2008/09/mocking-with-django-and-google-app.html">Mocking with Django and Google AppEngine</a></li>
+</ul>
+<span class="target" id="index-9"></span></div>
+<div class="section" id="tests">
+<span id="index-10"></span><h2>Tests<a class="headerlink" href="#tests" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Mock uses <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2">unittest2</a> for its own
+test suite. In order to run it, use the <cite>unit2</cite> script that comes with
+<cite>unittest2</cite> module on a checkout of the source repository:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><cite>unit2 discover</cite></div></blockquote>
+<p>If you have <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/distribute">setuptools</a> as well as
+unittest2 you can run:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">setup.py</span> <span class="pre">test</span></tt></div></blockquote>
+<p>On Python 3.2 you can use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">unittest</span></tt> module from the standard library.</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python3.2</span> <span class="pre">-m</span> <span class="pre">unittest</span> <span class="pre">discover</span></tt></div></blockquote>
+<p id="index-11">On Python 3 the tests for unicode are skipped as they are not relevant. On
+Python 2.4 tests that use the with statements are skipped as the with statement
+is invalid syntax on Python 2.4.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="older-versions">
+<span id="index-12"></span><h2>Older Versions<a class="headerlink" href="#older-versions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Documentation for older versions of mock:</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/0.8/">mock 0.8</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/0.7/">mock 0.7</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference external" href="http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/0.6.0/">mock 0.6</a></li>
+</ul>
+<p>Docs from the in-development version of <cite>mock</cite> can be found at
+<a class="reference external" href="http://mock.readthedocs.org">mock.readthedocs.org</a>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="terminology">
+<h2>Terminology<a class="headerlink" href="#terminology" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Terminology for objects used to replace other ones can be confusing. Terms
+like double, fake, mock, stub, and spy are all used with varying meanings.</p>
+<p>In <a class="reference external" href="http://xunitpatterns.com/Mocks,%20Fakes,%20Stubs%20and%20Dummies.html">classic mock terminology</a>
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock" title="mock.Mock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">mock.Mock</span></tt></a> is a <a class="reference external" href="http://xunitpatterns.com/Test%20Spy.html">spy</a> that
+allows for <em>post-mortem</em> examination. This is what I call the &#8220;action -&gt;
+assertion&#8221; <a class="footnote-reference" href="#id2" id="id1">[1]</a> pattern of testing.</p>
+<p>I&#8217;m not however a fan of this &#8220;statically typed mocking terminology&#8221;
+promulgated by <a class="reference external" href="http://martinfowler.com/articles/mocksArentStubs.html">Martin Fowler</a>. It confuses usage
+patterns with implementation and prevents you from using natural terminology
+when discussing mocking.</p>
+<p>I much prefer duck typing, if an object used in your test suite looks like a
+mock object and quacks like a mock object then it&#8217;s fine to call it a mock, no
+matter what the implementation looks like.</p>
+<p>This terminology is perhaps more useful in less capable languages where
+different usage patterns will <em>require</em> different implementations.
+<cite>mock.Mock()</cite> is capable of being used in most of the different roles
+described by Fowler, except (annoyingly / frustratingly / ironically) a Mock
+itself!</p>
+<p>How about a simpler definition: a &#8220;mock object&#8221; is an object used to replace a
+real one in a system under test.</p>
+<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="id2" rules="none">
+<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
+<tbody valign="top">
+<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id1">[1]</a></td><td>This pattern is called &#8220;AAA&#8221; by some members of the testing community;
+&#8220;Arrange - Act - Assert&#8221;.</td></tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="sphinxsidebar">
+ <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
+ <h3><a href="#">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
+ <ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Mock - Mocking and Testing Library</a><ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#api-documentation">API Documentation</a><ul>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#user-guide">User Guide</a><ul>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#installing">Installing</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#quick-guide">Quick Guide</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#references">References</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#tests">Tests</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#older-versions">Older Versions</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#terminology">Terminology</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+
+ <h4>Next topic</h4>
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+
+ <div class="section" id="mocking-magic-methods">
+<span id="magic-methods"></span><h1>Mocking Magic Methods<a class="headerlink" href="#mocking-magic-methods" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<p><a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock" title="mock.Mock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock</span></tt></a> supports mocking <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ironpythoninaction.com/magic-methods.html">magic methods</a>. This allows mock
+objects to replace containers or other objects that implement Python
+protocols.</p>
+<p>Because magic methods are looked up differently from normal methods <a class="footnote-reference" href="#id4" id="id2">[1]</a>, this
+support has been specially implemented. This means that only specific magic
+methods are supported. The supported list includes <em>almost</em> all of them. If
+there are any missing that you need please let us know!</p>
+<p>You mock magic methods by setting the method you are interested in to a function
+or a mock instance. If you are using a function then it <em>must</em> take <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">self</span></tt> as
+the first argument <a class="footnote-reference" href="#id5" id="id3">[2]</a>.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__str__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&#39;fooble&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__str__</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">__str__</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;fooble&#39;</span>
+
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__str__</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__str__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;fooble&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;fooble&#39;</span>
+
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__iter__</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">iter</span><span class="p">([]))</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">[]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>One use case for this is for mocking objects used as context managers in a
+<cite>with</cite> statement:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__enter__</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__exit__</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">mock</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__enter__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__exit__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Calls to magic methods do not appear in <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.method_calls" title="mock.Mock.method_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">method_calls</span></tt></a>, but they
+are recorded in <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.mock_calls" title="mock.Mock.mock_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">mock_calls</span></tt></a>.</p>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
+<p class="last">If you use the <cite>spec</cite> keyword argument to create a mock then attempting to
+set a magic method that isn&#8217;t in the spec will raise an <cite>AttributeError</cite>.</p>
+</div>
+<p>The full list of supported magic methods is:</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__hash__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__sizeof__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__repr__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__str__</span></tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__dir__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__format__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__subclasses__</span></tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__floor__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__trunc__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__ceil__</span></tt></li>
+<li>Comparisons: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__cmp__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__lt__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__gt__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__le__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__ge__</span></tt>,
+<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__eq__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__ne__</span></tt></li>
+<li>Container methods: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__getitem__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__setitem__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__delitem__</span></tt>,
+<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__contains__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__len__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__iter__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__getslice__</span></tt>,
+<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__setslice__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__reversed__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__missing__</span></tt></li>
+<li>Context manager: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__enter__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__exit__</span></tt></li>
+<li>Unary numeric methods: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__neg__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__pos__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__invert__</span></tt></li>
+<li>The numeric methods (including right hand and in-place variants):
+<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__add__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__sub__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__mul__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__div__</span></tt>,
+<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__floordiv__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__mod__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__divmod__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__lshift__</span></tt>,
+<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__rshift__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__and__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__xor__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__or__</span></tt>, and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__pow__</span></tt></li>
+<li>Numeric conversion methods: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__complex__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__int__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__float__</span></tt>,
+<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__index__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__coerce__</span></tt></li>
+<li>Descriptor methods: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__get__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__set__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__delete__</span></tt></li>
+<li>Pickling: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__reduce__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__reduce_ex__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__getinitargs__</span></tt>,
+<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__getnewargs__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__getstate__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__setstate__</span></tt></li>
+</ul>
+<p>The following methods are supported in Python 2 but don&#8217;t exist in Python 3:</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__unicode__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__long__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__oct__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__hex__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__nonzero__</span></tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__truediv__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__rtruediv__</span></tt></li>
+</ul>
+<p>The following methods are supported in Python 3 but don&#8217;t exist in Python 2:</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__bool__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__next__</span></tt></li>
+</ul>
+<p>The following methods exist but are <em>not</em> supported as they are either in use by
+mock, can&#8217;t be set dynamically, or can cause problems:</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__getattr__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__setattr__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__init__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__new__</span></tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__prepare__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__instancecheck__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__subclasscheck__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__del__</span></tt></li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="magic-mock">
+<h1>Magic Mock<a class="headerlink" href="#magic-mock" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<p>There are two <cite>MagicMock</cite> variants: <cite>MagicMock</cite> and <cite>NonCallableMagicMock</cite>.</p>
+<dl class="class">
+<dt id="mock.MagicMock">
+<em class="property">class </em><tt class="descname">MagicMock</tt><big>(</big><em>*args</em>, <em>**kw</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.MagicMock" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt> is a subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock" title="mock.Mock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock</span></tt></a> with default implementations
+of most of the magic methods. You can use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt> without having to
+configure the magic methods yourself.</p>
+<p>The constructor parameters have the same meaning as for <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock" title="mock.Mock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock</span></tt></a>.</p>
+<p>If you use the <cite>spec</cite> or <cite>spec_set</cite> arguments then <em>only</em> magic methods
+that exist in the spec will be created.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="class">
+<dt id="mock.NonCallableMagicMock">
+<em class="property">class </em><tt class="descname">NonCallableMagicMock</tt><big>(</big><em>*args</em>, <em>**kw</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.NonCallableMagicMock" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>A non-callable version of <cite>MagicMock</cite>.</p>
+<p>The constructor parameters have the same meaning as for
+<a class="reference internal" href="#mock.MagicMock" title="mock.MagicMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt></a>, with the exception of <cite>return_value</cite> and
+<cite>side_effect</cite> which have no meaning on a non-callable mock.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<p>The magic methods are setup with <cite>MagicMock</cite> objects, so you can configure them
+and use them in the usual way:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;fish&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__setitem__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;fish&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__getitem__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;result&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;result&#39;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>By default many of the protocol methods are required to return objects of a
+specific type. These methods are preconfigured with a default return value, so
+that they can be used without you having to do anything if you aren&#8217;t interested
+in the return value. You can still <em>set</em> the return value manually if you want
+to change the default.</p>
+<p>Methods and their defaults:</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__lt__</span></tt>: NotImplemented</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__gt__</span></tt>: NotImplemented</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__le__</span></tt>: NotImplemented</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__ge__</span></tt>: NotImplemented</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__int__</span></tt> : 1</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__contains__</span></tt> : False</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__len__</span></tt> : 1</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__iter__</span></tt> : iter([])</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__exit__</span></tt> : False</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__complex__</span></tt> : 1j</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__float__</span></tt> : 1.0</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__bool__</span></tt> : True</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__nonzero__</span></tt> : True</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__oct__</span></tt> : &#8216;1&#8217;</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__hex__</span></tt> : &#8216;0x1&#8217;</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__long__</span></tt> : long(1)</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__index__</span></tt> : 1</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__hash__</span></tt> : default hash for the mock</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__str__</span></tt> : default str for the mock</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__unicode__</span></tt> : default unicode for the mock</li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__sizeof__</span></tt>: default sizeof for the mock</li>
+</ul>
+<p>For example:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">1</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">0</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">hex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;0x1&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">[]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">mock</span>
+<span class="go">False</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>The two equality method, <cite>__eq__</cite> and <cite>__ne__</cite>, are special (changed in
+0.7.2). They do the default equality comparison on identity, using a side
+effect, unless you change their return value to return something else:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
+<span class="go">False</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__eq__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">True</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>In <cite>0.8</cite> the <cite>__iter__</cite> also gained special handling implemented with a
+side effect. The return value of <cite>MagicMock.__iter__</cite> can be any iterable
+object and isn&#8217;t required to be an iterator:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__iter__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;a&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;b&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;c&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">[&#39;a&#39;, &#39;b&#39;, &#39;c&#39;]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">[&#39;a&#39;, &#39;b&#39;, &#39;c&#39;]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>If the return value <em>is</em> an iterator, then iterating over it once will consume
+it and subsequent iterations will result in an empty list:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__iter__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">iter</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="s">&#39;a&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;b&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;c&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">[&#39;a&#39;, &#39;b&#39;, &#39;c&#39;]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">[]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt> has all of the supported magic methods configured except for some
+of the obscure and obsolete ones. You can still set these up if you want.</p>
+<p>Magic methods that are supported but not setup by default in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt> are:</p>
+<ul class="simple">
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__cmp__</span></tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__getslice__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__setslice__</span></tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__coerce__</span></tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__subclasses__</span></tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__dir__</span></tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__format__</span></tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__get__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__set__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__delete__</span></tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__reversed__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__missing__</span></tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__reduce__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__reduce_ex__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__getinitargs__</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__getnewargs__</span></tt>,
+<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__getstate__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__setstate__</span></tt></li>
+<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__getformat__</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__setformat__</span></tt></li>
+</ul>
+<hr class="docutils" />
+<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="id4" rules="none">
+<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
+<tbody valign="top">
+<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id2">[1]</a></td><td>Magic methods <em>should</em> be looked up on the class rather than the
+instance. Different versions of Python are inconsistent about applying this
+rule. The supported protocol methods should work with all supported versions
+of Python.</td></tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="id5" rules="none">
+<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
+<tbody valign="top">
+<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id3">[2]</a></td><td>The function is basically hooked up to the class, but each <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock</span></tt>
+instance is kept isolated from the others.</td></tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+</div>
+
+
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="sphinxsidebar">
+ <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
+ <h3><a href="index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
+ <ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Mocking Magic Methods</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#magic-mock">Magic Mock</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+ <h4>Previous topic</h4>
+ <p class="topless"><a href="sentinel.html"
+ title="previous chapter">Sentinel</a></p>
+ <h4>Next topic</h4>
+ <p class="topless"><a href="getting-started.html"
+ title="next chapter">Getting Started with Mock</a></p>
+ <h3>This Page</h3>
+ <ul class="this-page-menu">
+ <li><a href="_sources/magicmock.txt"
+ rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li>
+ </ul>
+<div id="searchbox" style="display: none">
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+ <form class="search" action="search.html" method="get">
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new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1,875 @@
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+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
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+ <div class="body">
+
+ <div class="section" id="the-mock-class">
+<h1>The Mock Class<a class="headerlink" href="#the-mock-class" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<p><cite>Mock</cite> is a flexible mock object intended to replace the use of stubs and
+test doubles throughout your code. Mocks are callable and create attributes as
+new mocks when you access them <a class="footnote-reference" href="#id3" id="id1">[1]</a>. Accessing the same attribute will always
+return the same mock. Mocks record how you use them, allowing you to make
+assertions about what your code has done to them.</p>
+<p><a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#mock.MagicMock" title="mock.MagicMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt></a> is a subclass of <cite>Mock</cite> with all the magic methods
+pre-created and ready to use. There are also non-callable variants, useful
+when you are mocking out objects that aren&#8217;t callable:
+<a class="reference internal" href="#mock.NonCallableMock" title="mock.NonCallableMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">NonCallableMock</span></tt></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#mock.NonCallableMagicMock" title="mock.NonCallableMagicMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">NonCallableMagicMock</span></tt></a></p>
+<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch" title="mock.patch"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch()</span></tt></a> decorators makes it easy to temporarily replace classes
+in a particular module with a <cite>Mock</cite> object. By default <cite>patch</cite> will create
+a <cite>MagicMock</cite> for you. You can specify an alternative class of <cite>Mock</cite> using
+the <cite>new_callable</cite> argument to <cite>patch</cite>.</p>
+<span class="target" id="index-0"></span><span class="target" id="index-1"></span><span class="target" id="index-2"></span><span class="target" id="index-3"></span><span class="target" id="index-4"></span><dl class="class">
+<dt id="mock.Mock">
+<em class="property">class </em><tt class="descname">Mock</tt><big>(</big><em>spec=None</em>, <em>side_effect=None</em>, <em>return_value=DEFAULT</em>, <em>wraps=None</em>, <em>name=None</em>, <em>spec_set=None</em>, <em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>Create a new <cite>Mock</cite> object. <cite>Mock</cite> takes several optional arguments
+that specify the behaviour of the Mock object:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><p class="first"><cite>spec</cite>: This can be either a list of strings or an existing object (a
+class or instance) that acts as the specification for the mock object. If
+you pass in an object then a list of strings is formed by calling dir on
+the object (excluding unsupported magic attributes and methods).
+Accessing any attribute not in this list will raise an <cite>AttributeError</cite>.</p>
+<p>If <cite>spec</cite> is an object (rather than a list of strings) then
+<a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.__class__" title="mock.Mock.__class__"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">__class__</span></tt></a> returns the class of the spec object. This allows mocks
+to pass <cite>isinstance</cite> tests.</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first"><cite>spec_set</cite>: A stricter variant of <cite>spec</cite>. If used, attempting to <em>set</em>
+or get an attribute on the mock that isn&#8217;t on the object passed as
+<cite>spec_set</cite> will raise an <cite>AttributeError</cite>.</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first"><cite>side_effect</cite>: A function to be called whenever the Mock is called. See
+the <a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.side_effect" title="mock.Mock.side_effect"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt></a> attribute. Useful for raising exceptions or
+dynamically changing return values. The function is called with the same
+arguments as the mock, and unless it returns <a class="reference internal" href="sentinel.html#mock.DEFAULT" title="mock.DEFAULT"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">DEFAULT</span></tt></a>, the return
+value of this function is used as the return value.</p>
+<p>Alternatively <cite>side_effect</cite> can be an exception class or instance. In
+this case the exception will be raised when the mock is called.</p>
+<p>If <cite>side_effect</cite> is an iterable then each call to the mock will return
+the next value from the iterable. If any of the members of the iterable
+are exceptions they will be raised instead of returned.</p>
+<p>A <cite>side_effect</cite> can be cleared by setting it to <cite>None</cite>.</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first"><cite>return_value</cite>: The value returned when the mock is called. By default
+this is a new Mock (created on first access). See the
+<a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.return_value" title="mock.Mock.return_value"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">return_value</span></tt></a> attribute.</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first"><cite>wraps</cite>: Item for the mock object to wrap. If <cite>wraps</cite> is not None then
+calling the Mock will pass the call through to the wrapped object
+(returning the real result and ignoring <cite>return_value</cite>). Attribute access
+on the mock will return a Mock object that wraps the corresponding
+attribute of the wrapped object (so attempting to access an attribute
+that doesn&#8217;t exist will raise an <cite>AttributeError</cite>).</p>
+<p>If the mock has an explicit <cite>return_value</cite> set then calls are not passed
+to the wrapped object and the <cite>return_value</cite> is returned instead.</p>
+</li>
+<li><p class="first"><cite>name</cite>: If the mock has a name then it will be used in the repr of the
+mock. This can be useful for debugging. The name is propagated to child
+mocks.</p>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<p>Mocks can also be called with arbitrary keyword arguments. These will be
+used to set attributes on the mock after it is created. See the
+<a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.configure_mock" title="mock.Mock.configure_mock"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">configure_mock()</span></tt></a> method for details.</p>
+<dl class="method">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.assert_called_with">
+<tt class="descname">assert_called_with</tt><big>(</big><em>*args</em>, <em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.assert_called_with" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>This method is a convenient way of asserting that calls are made in a
+particular way:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">test</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;wow&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Mock name=&#39;mock.method()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">test</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;wow&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="method">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.assert_called_once_with">
+<tt class="descname">assert_called_once_with</tt><big>(</big><em>*args</em>, <em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.assert_called_once_with" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>Assert that the mock was called exactly once and with the specified
+arguments.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bar</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;baz&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bar</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;baz&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bar</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;baz&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bar</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;baz&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">AssertionError</span>: <span class="n">Expected to be called once. Called 2 times.</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="method">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.assert_any_call">
+<tt class="descname">assert_any_call</tt><big>(</big><em>*args</em>, <em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.assert_any_call" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>assert the mock has been called with the specified arguments.</p>
+<p>The assert passes if the mock has <em>ever</em> been called, unlike
+<a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.assert_called_with" title="mock.Mock.assert_called_with"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">assert_called_with()</span></tt></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.assert_called_once_with" title="mock.Mock.assert_called_once_with"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">assert_called_once_with()</span></tt></a> that
+only pass if the call is the most recent one.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">arg</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;thing&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;some&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;thing&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;else&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_any_call</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">arg</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;thing&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="method">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.assert_has_calls">
+<tt class="descname">assert_has_calls</tt><big>(</big><em>calls</em>, <em>any_order=False</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.assert_has_calls" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>assert the mock has been called with the specified calls.
+The <cite>mock_calls</cite> list is checked for the calls.</p>
+<p>If <cite>any_order</cite> is False (the default) then the calls must be
+sequential. There can be extra calls before or after the
+specified calls.</p>
+<p>If <cite>any_order</cite> is True then the calls can be in any order, but
+they must all appear in <a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.mock_calls" title="mock.Mock.mock_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">mock_calls</span></tt></a>.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">calls</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">call</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">call</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_has_calls</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">calls</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">calls</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">call</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">call</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">call</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_has_calls</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">calls</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">any_order</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="method">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.reset_mock">
+<tt class="descname">reset_mock</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.reset_mock" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>The reset_mock method resets all the call attributes on a mock object:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;hello&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">called</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">reset_mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">called</span>
+<span class="go">False</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>This can be useful where you want to make a series of assertions that
+reuse the same object. Note that <cite>reset_mock</cite> <em>doesn&#8217;t</em> clear the
+return value, <a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.side_effect" title="mock.Mock.side_effect"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt></a> or any child attributes you have
+set using normal assignment. Child mocks and the return value mock
+(if any) are reset as well.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="method">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.mock_add_spec">
+<tt class="descname">mock_add_spec</tt><big>(</big><em>spec</em>, <em>spec_set=False</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.mock_add_spec" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>Add a spec to a mock. <cite>spec</cite> can either be an object or a
+list of strings. Only attributes on the <cite>spec</cite> can be fetched as
+attributes from the mock.</p>
+<p>If <cite>spec_set</cite> is <cite>True</cite> then only attributes on the spec can be set.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="method">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.attach_mock">
+<tt class="descname">attach_mock</tt><big>(</big><em>mock</em>, <em>attribute</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.attach_mock" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>Attach a mock as an attribute of this one, replacing its name and
+parent. Calls to the attached mock will be recorded in the
+<a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.method_calls" title="mock.Mock.method_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">method_calls</span></tt></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.mock_calls" title="mock.Mock.mock_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">mock_calls</span></tt></a> attributes of this one.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="method">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.configure_mock">
+<tt class="descname">configure_mock</tt><big>(</big><em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.configure_mock" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>Set attributes on the mock through keyword arguments.</p>
+<p>Attributes plus return values and side effects can be set on child
+mocks using standard dot notation and unpacking a dictionary in the
+method call:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">attrs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;method.return_value&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;other.side_effect&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="ne">KeyError</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">configure_mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">attrs</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">other</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">KeyError</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>The same thing can be achieved in the constructor call to mocks:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">attrs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;method.return_value&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;other.side_effect&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="ne">KeyError</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_attribute</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;eggs&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">attrs</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_attribute</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;eggs&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">other</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">KeyError</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p><cite>configure_mock</cite> exists to make it easier to do configuration
+after the mock has been created.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="method">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.__dir__">
+<tt class="descname">__dir__</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.__dir__" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p><cite>Mock</cite> objects limit the results of <cite>dir(some_mock)</cite> to useful results.
+For mocks with a <cite>spec</cite> this includes all the permitted attributes
+for the mock.</p>
+<p>See <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.FILTER_DIR" title="mock.FILTER_DIR"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">FILTER_DIR</span></tt></a> for what this filtering does, and how to
+switch it off.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="method">
+<dt id="mock.Mock._get_child_mock">
+<tt class="descname">_get_child_mock</tt><big>(</big><em>**kw</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock._get_child_mock" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>Create the child mocks for attributes and return value.
+By default child mocks will be the same type as the parent.
+Subclasses of Mock may want to override this to customize the way
+child mocks are made.</p>
+<p>For non-callable mocks the callable variant will be used (rather than
+any custom subclass).</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="attribute">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.called">
+<tt class="descname">called</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.called" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>A boolean representing whether or not the mock object has been called:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">called</span>
+<span class="go">False</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">called</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="attribute">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.call_count">
+<tt class="descname">call_count</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.call_count" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>An integer telling you how many times the mock object has been called:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_count</span>
+<span class="go">0</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_count</span>
+<span class="go">2</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="attribute">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.return_value">
+<tt class="descname">return_value</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.return_value" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>Set this to configure the value returned by calling the mock:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;fish&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;fish&#39;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>The default return value is a mock object and you can configure it in
+the normal way:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sentinel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Attribute</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Mock name=&#39;mock()()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p><cite>return_value</cite> can also be set in the constructor:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="attribute">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.side_effect">
+<tt class="descname">side_effect</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.side_effect" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>This can either be a function to be called when the mock is called,
+or an exception (class or instance) to be raised.</p>
+<p>If you pass in a function it will be called with same arguments as the
+mock and unless the function returns the <a class="reference internal" href="sentinel.html#mock.DEFAULT" title="mock.DEFAULT"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">DEFAULT</span></tt></a> singleton the
+call to the mock will then return whatever the function returns. If the
+function returns <a class="reference internal" href="sentinel.html#mock.DEFAULT" title="mock.DEFAULT"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">DEFAULT</span></tt></a> then the mock will return its normal
+value (from the <a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.return_value" title="mock.Mock.return_value"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">return_value</span></tt></a>.</p>
+<p>An example of a mock that raises an exception (to test exception
+handling of an API):</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="ne">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;Boom!&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">Exception</span>: <span class="n">Boom!</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Using <cite>side_effect</cite> to return a sequence of values:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">(3, 2, 1)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>The <cite>side_effect</cite> function is called with the same arguments as the
+mock (so it is wise for it to take arbitrary args and keyword
+arguments) and whatever it returns is used as the return value for
+the call. The exception is if <cite>side_effect</cite> returns <a class="reference internal" href="sentinel.html#mock.DEFAULT" title="mock.DEFAULT"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">DEFAULT</span></tt></a>,
+in which case the normal <a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.return_value" title="mock.Mock.return_value"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">return_value</span></tt></a> is used.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">side_effect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">DEFAULT</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">side_effect</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p><cite>side_effect</cite> can be set in the constructor. Here&#8217;s an example that
+adds one to the value the mock is called with and returns it:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">lambda</span> <span class="n">value</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">value</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">4</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">-7</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Setting <cite>side_effect</cite> to <cite>None</cite> clears it:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">mock</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Mock</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="ne">KeyError</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">KeyError</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">None</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="attribute">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.call_args">
+<tt class="descname">call_args</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.call_args" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>This is either <cite>None</cite> (if the mock hasn&#8217;t been called), or the
+arguments that the mock was last called with. This will be in the
+form of a tuple: the first member is any ordered arguments the mock
+was called with (or an empty tuple) and the second member is any
+keyword arguments (or an empty dictionary).</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_args</span>
+<span class="go">None</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_args</span>
+<span class="go">call()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_args</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_args</span>
+<span class="go">call(3, 4)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_args</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">),)</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;fish&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">next</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;w00t!&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_args</span>
+<span class="go">call(3, 4, 5, key=&#39;fish&#39;, next=&#39;w00t!&#39;)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p><cite>call_args</cite>, along with members of the lists <a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.call_args_list" title="mock.Mock.call_args_list"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">call_args_list</span></tt></a>,
+<a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.method_calls" title="mock.Mock.method_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">method_calls</span></tt></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.mock_calls" title="mock.Mock.mock_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">mock_calls</span></tt></a> are <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.call" title="mock.call"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">call</span></tt></a> objects.
+These are tuples, so they can be unpacked to get at the individual
+arguments and make more complex assertions. See
+<a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#calls-as-tuples"><em>calls as tuples</em></a>.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="attribute">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.call_args_list">
+<tt class="descname">call_args_list</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.call_args_list" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>This is a list of all the calls made to the mock object in sequence
+(so the length of the list is the number of times it has been
+called). Before any calls have been made it is an empty list. The
+<a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.call" title="mock.call"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">call</span></tt></a> object can be used for conveniently constructing lists of
+calls to compare with <cite>call_args_list</cite>.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;fish&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">next</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;w00t!&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_args_list</span>
+<span class="go">[call(), call(3, 4), call(key=&#39;fish&#39;, next=&#39;w00t!&#39;)]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">expected</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[(),</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">),),</span> <span class="p">({</span><span class="s">&#39;key&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&#39;fish&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;next&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&#39;w00t!&#39;</span><span class="p">},)]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_args_list</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">expected</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Members of <cite>call_args_list</cite> are <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.call" title="mock.call"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">call</span></tt></a> objects. These can be
+unpacked as tuples to get at the individual arguments. See
+<a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#calls-as-tuples"><em>calls as tuples</em></a>.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="attribute">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.method_calls">
+<tt class="descname">method_calls</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.method_calls" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>As well as tracking calls to themselves, mocks also track calls to
+methods and attributes, and <em>their</em> methods and attributes:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Mock name=&#39;mock.method()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">property</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;Mock name=&#39;mock.property.method.attribute()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method_calls</span>
+<span class="go">[call.method(), call.property.method.attribute()]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Members of <cite>method_calls</cite> are <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.call" title="mock.call"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">call</span></tt></a> objects. These can be
+unpacked as tuples to get at the individual arguments. See
+<a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#calls-as-tuples"><em>calls as tuples</em></a>.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="attribute">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.mock_calls">
+<tt class="descname">mock_calls</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.mock_calls" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p><cite>mock_calls</cite> records <em>all</em> calls to the mock object, its methods, magic
+methods <em>and</em> return value mocks.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">first</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;MagicMock name=&#39;mock.first()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">second</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;MagicMock name=&#39;mock.second()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">1</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;MagicMock name=&#39;mock()()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">expected</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">call</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">call</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">first</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">call</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">second</span><span class="p">(),</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="n">call</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__int__</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">call</span><span class="p">()(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">expected</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Members of <cite>mock_calls</cite> are <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.call" title="mock.call"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">call</span></tt></a> objects. These can be
+unpacked as tuples to get at the individual arguments. See
+<a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#calls-as-tuples"><em>calls as tuples</em></a>.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="attribute">
+<dt id="mock.Mock.__class__">
+<tt class="descname">__class__</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.Mock.__class__" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>Normally the <cite>__class__</cite> attribute of an object will return its type.
+For a mock object with a <cite>spec</cite> <cite>__class__</cite> returns the spec class
+instead. This allows mock objects to pass <cite>isinstance</cite> tests for the
+object they are replacing / masquerading as:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">spec</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p><cite>__class__</cite> is assignable to, this allows a mock to pass an
+<cite>isinstance</cite> check without forcing you to use a spec:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__class__</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">dict</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</dd></dl>
+
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="class">
+<dt id="mock.NonCallableMock">
+<em class="property">class </em><tt class="descname">NonCallableMock</tt><big>(</big><em>spec=None</em>, <em>wraps=None</em>, <em>name=None</em>, <em>spec_set=None</em>, <em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.NonCallableMock" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>A non-callable version of <cite>Mock</cite>. The constructor parameters have the same
+meaning of <cite>Mock</cite>, with the exception of <cite>return_value</cite> and <cite>side_effect</cite>
+which have no meaning on a non-callable mock.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<p>Mock objects that use a class or an instance as a <cite>spec</cite> or <cite>spec_set</cite> are able
+to pass <cite>isintance</cite> tests:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">spec</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">spec_set</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">())</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>The <cite>Mock</cite> classes have support for mocking magic methods. See <a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#magic-methods"><em>magic
+methods</em></a> for the full details.</p>
+<p>The mock classes and the <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch" title="mock.patch"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch()</span></tt></a> decorators all take arbitrary keyword
+arguments for configuration. For the <cite>patch</cite> decorators the keywords are
+passed to the constructor of the mock being created. The keyword arguments
+are for configuring attributes of the mock:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">attribute</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">other</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;fish&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">other</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;fish&#39;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>The return value and side effect of child mocks can be set in the same way,
+using dotted notation. As you can&#8217;t use dotted names directly in a call you
+have to create a dictionary and unpack it using <cite>**</cite>:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">attrs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;method.return_value&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;other.side_effect&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="ne">KeyError</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_attribute</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;eggs&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">attrs</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_attribute</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;eggs&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">other</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">KeyError</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<dl class="class">
+<dt id="mock.PropertyMock">
+<em class="property">class </em><tt class="descname">PropertyMock</tt><big>(</big><em>*args</em>, <em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.PropertyMock" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>A mock intended to be used as a property, or other descriptor, on a class.
+<cite>PropertyMock</cite> provides <cite>__get__</cite> and <cite>__set__</cite> methods so you can specify
+a return value when it is fetched.</p>
+<p>Fetching a <cite>PropertyMock</cite> instance from an object calls the mock, with
+no args. Setting it calls the mock with the value being set.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Foo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="nd">@property</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">foo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&#39;something&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="nd">@foo.setter</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">foo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">value</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__main__.Foo.foo&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">new_callable</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">PropertyMock</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">mock_foo</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">mock_foo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;mockity-mock&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">this_foo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Foo</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">this_foo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">this_foo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">6</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="go">mockity-mock</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_foo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span>
+<span class="go">[call(), call(6)]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<p>Because of the way mock attributes are stored you can&#8217;t directly attach a
+<cite>PropertyMock</cite> to a mock object. Instead you can attach it to the mock type
+object:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">p</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">PropertyMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">p</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">p</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<span class="target" id="index-5"></span></div>
+<div class="section" id="calling">
+<span id="index-6"></span><h1>Calling<a class="headerlink" href="#calling" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<p>Mock objects are callable. The call will return the value set as the
+<a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.return_value" title="mock.Mock.return_value"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">return_value</span></tt></a> attribute. The default return value is a new Mock
+object; it is created the first time the return value is accessed (either
+explicitly or by calling the Mock) - but it is stored and the same one
+returned each time.</p>
+<p>Calls made to the object will be recorded in the attributes
+like <a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.call_args" title="mock.Mock.call_args"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">call_args</span></tt></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.call_args_list" title="mock.Mock.call_args_list"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">call_args_list</span></tt></a>.</p>
+<p>If <a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.side_effect" title="mock.Mock.side_effect"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt></a> is set then it will be called after the call has
+been recorded, so if <cite>side_effect</cite> raises an exception the call is still
+recorded.</p>
+<p>The simplest way to make a mock raise an exception when called is to make
+<a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.side_effect" title="mock.Mock.side_effect"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt></a> an exception class or instance:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">IndexError</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span>
+<span class="go">[call(1, 2, 3)]</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="ne">KeyError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;Bang!&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;two&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;three&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;four&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">KeyError</span>: <span class="n">&#39;Bang!&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span>
+<span class="go">[call(1, 2, 3), call(&#39;two&#39;, &#39;three&#39;, &#39;four&#39;)]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>If <cite>side_effect</cite> is a function then whatever that function returns is what
+calls to the mock return. The <cite>side_effect</cite> function is called with the
+same arguments as the mock. This allows you to vary the return value of the
+call dynamically, based on the input:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">side_effect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">value</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">2</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span>
+<span class="go">[call(1), call(2)]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>If you want the mock to still return the default return value (a new mock), or
+any set return value, then there are two ways of doing this. Either return
+<cite>mock.return_value</cite> from inside <cite>side_effect</cite>, or return <a class="reference internal" href="sentinel.html#mock.DEFAULT" title="mock.DEFAULT"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">DEFAULT</span></tt></a>:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">side_effect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">side_effect</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">side_effect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">DEFAULT</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">side_effect</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>To remove a <cite>side_effect</cite>, and return to the default behaviour, set the
+<cite>side_effect</cite> to <cite>None</cite>:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">side_effect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">side_effect</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">None</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">6</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>The <cite>side_effect</cite> can also be any iterable object. Repeated calls to the mock
+will return values from the iterable (until the iterable is exhausted and
+a <cite>StopIteration</cite> is raised):</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">])</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">1</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">2</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">StopIteration</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>If any members of the iterable are exceptions they will be raised instead of
+returned:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">iterable</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">33</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ne">ValueError</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">66</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">side_effect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">iterable</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">33</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">ValueError</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">66</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="deleting-attributes">
+<span id="id2"></span><h1>Deleting Attributes<a class="headerlink" href="#deleting-attributes" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<p>Mock objects create attributes on demand. This allows them to pretend to be
+objects of any type.</p>
+<p>You may want a mock object to return <cite>False</cite> to a <cite>hasattr</cite> call, or raise an
+<cite>AttributeError</cite> when an attribute is fetched. You can do this by providing
+an object as a <cite>spec</cite> for a mock, but that isn&#8217;t always convenient.</p>
+<p>You &#8220;block&#8221; attributes by deleting them. Once deleted, accessing an attribute
+will raise an <cite>AttributeError</cite>.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">hasattr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;m&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">del</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">m</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nb">hasattr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;m&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">False</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">del</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">f</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">f</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="o">...</span>
+<span class="gr">AttributeError</span>: <span class="n">f</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="attaching-mocks-as-attributes">
+<h1>Attaching Mocks as Attributes<a class="headerlink" href="#attaching-mocks-as-attributes" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<p>When you attach a mock as an attribute of another mock (or as the return
+value) it becomes a &#8220;child&#8221; of that mock. Calls to the child are recorded in
+the <a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.method_calls" title="mock.Mock.method_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">method_calls</span></tt></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.mock_calls" title="mock.Mock.mock_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">mock_calls</span></tt></a> attributes of the
+parent. This is useful for configuring child mocks and then attaching them to
+the parent, or for attaching mocks to a parent that records all calls to the
+children and allows you to make assertions about the order of calls between
+mocks:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">parent</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">child1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">child2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">child1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">child1</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">child2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">child2</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">child1</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">child2</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span>
+<span class="go">[call.child1(1), call.child2(2)]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>The exception to this is if the mock has a name. This allows you to prevent
+the &#8220;parenting&#8221; if for some reason you don&#8217;t want it to happen.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">not_a_child</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;not-a-child&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">not_a_child</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attribute</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">&lt;MagicMock name=&#39;not-a-child()&#39; id=&#39;...&#39;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span>
+<span class="go">[]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Mocks created for you by <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch" title="mock.patch"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch()</span></tt></a> are automatically given names. To
+attach mocks that have names to a parent you use the <a class="reference internal" href="#mock.Mock.attach_mock" title="mock.Mock.attach_mock"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">attach_mock()</span></tt></a>
+method:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">thing1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">thing2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">parent</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__main__.thing1&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">child1</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__main__.thing2&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">return_value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">child2</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">parent</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attach_mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;child1&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">parent</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attach_mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">child2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;child2&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">child1</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;one&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">child2</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;two&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span>
+<span class="go">[call.child1(&#39;one&#39;), call.child2(&#39;two&#39;)]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<hr class="docutils" />
+<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="id3" rules="none">
+<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
+<tbody valign="top">
+<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id1">[1]</a></td><td>The only exceptions are magic methods and attributes (those that have
+leading and trailing double underscores). Mock doesn&#8217;t create these but
+instead of raises an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">AttributeError</span></tt>. This is because the interpreter
+will often implicitly request these methods, and gets <em>very</em> confused to
+get a new Mock object when it expects a magic method. If you need magic
+method support see <a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#magic-methods"><em>magic methods</em></a>.</td></tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+</div>
+
+
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="sphinxsidebar">
+ <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
+ <h3><a href="index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
+ <ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">The Mock Class</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#calling">Calling</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#deleting-attributes">Deleting Attributes</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#attaching-mocks-as-attributes">Attaching Mocks as Attributes</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+ <h4>Previous topic</h4>
+ <p class="topless"><a href="index.html"
+ title="previous chapter">Mock - Mocking and Testing Library</a></p>
+ <h4>Next topic</h4>
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diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/mocksignature.html b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/mocksignature.html
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/mocksignature.html
@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
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+ <div class="body">
+
+ <div class="section" id="mocksignature">
+<h1>mocksignature<a class="headerlink" href="#mocksignature" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
+<p class="last"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#auto-speccing"><em>Autospeccing</em></a>, added in mock 0.8, is a more advanced version of
+<cite>mocksignature</cite> and can be used for many of the same use cases.</p>
+</div>
+<p>A problem with using mock objects to replace real objects in your tests is that
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock" title="mock.Mock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock</span></tt></a> can be <em>too</em> flexible. Your code can treat the mock objects in
+any way and you have to manually check that they were called correctly. If your
+code calls functions or methods with the wrong number of arguments then mocks
+don&#8217;t complain.</p>
+<p>The solution to this is <cite>mocksignature</cite>, which creates functions with the
+same signature as the original, but delegating to a mock. You can interrogate
+the mock in the usual way to check it has been called with the <em>right</em>
+arguments, but if it is called with the wrong number of arguments it will
+raise a <cite>TypeError</cite> in the same way your production code would.</p>
+<p>Another advantage is that your mocked objects are real functions, which can
+be useful when your code uses
+<a class="reference external" href="http://docs.python.org/library/inspect.html">inspect</a> or depends on
+functions being function objects.</p>
+<dl class="function">
+<dt id="mock.mocksignature">
+<tt class="descname">mocksignature</tt><big>(</big><em>func</em>, <em>mock=None</em>, <em>skipfirst=False</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.mocksignature" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>Create a new function with the same signature as <cite>func</cite> that delegates
+to <cite>mock</cite>. If <cite>skipfirst</cite> is True the first argument is skipped, useful
+for methods where <cite>self</cite> needs to be omitted from the new function.</p>
+<p>If you don&#8217;t pass in a <cite>mock</cite> then one will be created for you.</p>
+<p>Functions returned by <cite>mocksignature</cite> have many of the same attributes
+and assert methods as a mock object.</p>
+<p>The mock is set as the <cite>mock</cite> attribute of the returned function for easy
+access.</p>
+<p><cite>mocksignature</cite> can also be used with classes. It copies the signature of
+the <cite>__init__</cite> method.</p>
+<p>When used with callable objects (instances) it copies the signature of the
+<cite>__call__</cite> method.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<p><cite>mocksignature</cite> will work out if it is mocking the signature of a method on
+an instance or a method on a class and do the &#8220;right thing&#8221; with the <cite>self</cite>
+argument in both cases.</p>
+<p>Because of a limitation in the way that arguments are collected by functions
+created by <cite>mocksignature</cite> they are <em>always</em> passed as positional arguments
+(including defaults) and not keyword arguments.</p>
+<div class="section" id="mocksignature-api">
+<h2>mocksignature api<a class="headerlink" href="#mocksignature-api" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Although the objects returned by <cite>mocksignature</cite> api are real function objects,
+they have much of the same api as the <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock" title="mock.Mock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Mock</span></tt></a> class. This includes the
+assert methods:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">func2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mocksignature</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">func2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">called</span>
+<span class="go">False</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">func2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">func2</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">func2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">called</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">func2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">func2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">AssertionError: Expected call</span>: <span class="n">mock(1, 2, 4)</span>
+<span class="go">Actual call: mock(1, 2, 3)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">func2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_count</span>
+<span class="go">1</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">func2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">side_effect</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">func2</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">IndexError</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>The mock object that is being delegated to is available as the <cite>mock</cite> attribute
+of the function created by <cite>mocksignature</cite>.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">func2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock_calls</span>
+<span class="go">[call(1, 2, 3), call(4, 5, 6)]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>The methods and attributes available on functions returned by <cite>mocksignature</cite>
+are:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.assert_any_call" title="mock.Mock.assert_any_call"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">assert_any_call()</span></tt></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.assert_called_once_with" title="mock.Mock.assert_called_once_with"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">assert_called_once_with()</span></tt></a>,
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.assert_called_with" title="mock.Mock.assert_called_with"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">assert_called_with()</span></tt></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.assert_has_calls" title="mock.Mock.assert_has_calls"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">assert_has_calls()</span></tt></a>,
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.call_args" title="mock.Mock.call_args"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">call_args</span></tt></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.call_args_list" title="mock.Mock.call_args_list"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">call_args_list</span></tt></a>,
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.call_count" title="mock.Mock.call_count"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">call_count</span></tt></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.called" title="mock.Mock.called"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">called</span></tt></a>,
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.method_calls" title="mock.Mock.method_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">method_calls</span></tt></a>, <cite>mock</cite>, <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.mock_calls" title="mock.Mock.mock_calls"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">mock_calls</span></tt></a>,
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.reset_mock" title="mock.Mock.reset_mock"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">reset_mock()</span></tt></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.return_value" title="mock.Mock.return_value"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">return_value</span></tt></a>, and
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.side_effect" title="mock.Mock.side_effect"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt></a>.</div></blockquote>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="example-use">
+<h2>Example use<a class="headerlink" href="#example-use" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<div class="section" id="basic-use">
+<h3>Basic use<a class="headerlink" href="#basic-use" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">function</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mocksignature</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">TypeError</span>: <span class="n">&lt;lambda&gt;() takes at least 2 arguments (0 given)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;some value&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;some value&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="keyword-arguments">
+<h3>Keyword arguments<a class="headerlink" href="#keyword-arguments" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<p>Note that arguments to functions created by <cite>mocksignature</cite> are always passed
+in to the underlying mock by position even when called with keywords:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">function</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mocksignature</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">None</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="mocking-methods-and-self">
+<h3>Mocking methods and self<a class="headerlink" href="#mocking-methods-and-self" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<p>When you use <cite>mocksignature</cite> to replace a method on a class then <cite>self</cite>
+will be included in the method signature - and you will need to include
+the instance when you do your asserts.</p>
+<p>As a curious factor of the way Python (2) wraps methods fetched from a class,
+we can <em>get</em> the <cite>return_value</cite> from a function set on a class, but we can&#8217;t
+set it. We have to do this through the exposed <cite>mock</cite> attribute instead:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">SomeClass</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mocksignature</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mock</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">None</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">instance</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">TypeError</span>: <span class="n">&lt;lambda&gt;() takes at least 4 arguments (1 given)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>When you use <cite>mocksignature</cite> on instance methods <cite>self</cite> isn&#8217;t included (and we
+can set the <cite>return_value</cite> etc directly):</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">SomeClass</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">instance</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mocksignature</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">None</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="mocksignature-with-classes">
+<h3>mocksignature with classes<a class="headerlink" href="#mocksignature-with-classes" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<p>When used with a class <cite>mocksignature</cite> copies the signature of the <cite>__init__</cite>
+method.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Something</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">foo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bar</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MockSomething</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mocksignature</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Something</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">instance</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MockSomething</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">9</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">instance</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">MockSomething</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MockSomething</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">9</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MockSomething</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">TypeError</span>: <span class="n">&lt;lambda&gt;() takes at least 2 arguments (0 given)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Because the object returned by <cite>mocksignature</cite> is a function rather than a
+<cite>Mock</cite> you lose the other capabilities of <cite>Mock</cite>, like dynamic attribute
+creation.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="mocksignature-with-callable-objects">
+<h3>mocksignature with callable objects<a class="headerlink" href="#mocksignature-with-callable-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<p>When used with a callable object <cite>mocksignature</cite> copies the signature of the
+<cite>__call__</cite> method.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Something</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__call__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">spam</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eggs</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">something</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Something</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_something</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mocksignature</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">something</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mock_something</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">9</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_something</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">9</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_something</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">TypeError</span>: <span class="n">&lt;lambda&gt;() takes at least 2 arguments (0 given)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="mocksignature-argument-to-patch">
+<h2>mocksignature argument to patch<a class="headerlink" href="#mocksignature-argument-to-patch" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p><cite>mocksignature</cite> is available as a keyword argument to <a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch" title="mock.patch"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch()</span></tt></a> or
+<a class="reference internal" href="patch.html#mock.patch.object" title="mock.patch.object"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">patch.object()</span></tt></a>. It can be used with functions / methods / classes and
+callable objects.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">SomeClass</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@patch.object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;method&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mocksignature</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock_method</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">instance</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">mock_method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">None</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">instance</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">mock_method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">test</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="sphinxsidebar">
+ <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
+ <h3><a href="index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
+ <ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">mocksignature</a><ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mocksignature-api">mocksignature api</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#example-use">Example use</a><ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#basic-use">Basic use</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#keyword-arguments">Keyword arguments</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mocking-methods-and-self">Mocking methods and self</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mocksignature-with-classes">mocksignature with classes</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mocksignature-with-callable-objects">mocksignature with callable objects</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mocksignature-argument-to-patch">mocksignature argument to patch</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+
+ <h4>Previous topic</h4>
+ <p class="topless"><a href="magicmock.html"
+ title="previous chapter">Mocking Magic Methods</a></p>
+ <h4>Next topic</h4>
+ <p class="topless"><a href="getting-started.html"
+ title="next chapter">Getting Started with Mock</a></p>
+ <h3>This Page</h3>
+ <ul class="this-page-menu">
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+ rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li>
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+<div id="searchbox" style="display: none">
+ <h3>Quick search</h3>
+ <form class="search" action="search.html" method="get">
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+ <input type="submit" value="Go" />
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+ Enter search terms or a module, class or function name.
+ </p>
+</div>
+<script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script>
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+ <div class="related">
+ <h3>Navigation</h3>
+ <ul>
+ <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
+ <a href="genindex.html" title="General Index"
+ >index</a></li>
+ <li class="right" >
+ <a href="getting-started.html" title="Getting Started with Mock"
+ >next</a> |</li>
+ <li class="right" >
+ <a href="magicmock.html" title="Mocking Magic Methods"
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+ <li><a href="index.html">Mock 0.8.1alpha1 documentation</a> &raquo;</li>
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+ &copy; Copyright 2007-2012, Michael Foord &amp; the mock team.
+ Last updated on Feb 16, 2012.
+ Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> 1.1.2.
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+</html> \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/objects.inv b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/objects.inv
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..363889257
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/objects.inv
Binary files differ
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/output.txt b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/output.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..56093e750
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/output.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+Results of doctest builder run on 2012-10-07 18:33:27
+=====================================================
+
+Document: index
+---------------
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 35 tests in default
+35 tests in 1 items.
+35 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 1 tests in default (cleanup code)
+1 tests in 1 items.
+1 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+
+Document: compare
+-----------------
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 39 tests in default
+39 tests in 1 items.
+39 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 1 tests in default (cleanup code)
+1 tests in 1 items.
+1 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+
+Document: getting-started
+-------------------------
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 83 tests in default
+83 tests in 1 items.
+83 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 1 tests in default (cleanup code)
+1 tests in 1 items.
+1 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+
+Document: magicmock
+-------------------
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 40 tests in default
+40 tests in 1 items.
+40 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 1 tests in default (cleanup code)
+1 tests in 1 items.
+1 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+
+Document: patch
+---------------
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 75 tests in default
+75 tests in 1 items.
+75 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 2 tests in default (cleanup code)
+2 tests in 1 items.
+2 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+
+Document: helpers
+-----------------
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 87 tests in default
+87 tests in 1 items.
+87 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 2 tests in default (cleanup code)
+2 tests in 1 items.
+2 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+
+Document: examples
+------------------
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 171 tests in default
+171 tests in 1 items.
+171 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 1 tests in default (cleanup code)
+1 tests in 1 items.
+1 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+
+Document: sentinel
+------------------
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 6 tests in default
+6 tests in 1 items.
+6 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 1 tests in default (cleanup code)
+1 tests in 1 items.
+1 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+
+Document: mock
+--------------
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 187 tests in default
+187 tests in 1 items.
+187 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+1 items passed all tests:
+ 1 tests in default (cleanup code)
+1 tests in 1 items.
+1 passed and 0 failed.
+Test passed.
+
+Doctest summary
+===============
+ 723 tests
+ 0 failures in tests
+ 0 failures in setup code
+ 0 failures in cleanup code
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/html/patch.html b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/patch.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e7164d147
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/patch.html
@@ -0,0 +1,648 @@
+
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+
+
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
+ <head>
+ <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+
+ <title>Patch Decorators &mdash; Mock 1.0.0 documentation</title>
+
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/nature.css" type="text/css" />
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
+
+ <script type="text/javascript">
+ var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = {
+ URL_ROOT: '',
+ VERSION: '1.0.0',
+ COLLAPSE_INDEX: false,
+ FILE_SUFFIX: '.html',
+ HAS_SOURCE: true
+ };
+ </script>
+ <script type="text/javascript" src="_static/jquery.js"></script>
+ <script type="text/javascript" src="_static/underscore.js"></script>
+ <script type="text/javascript" src="_static/doctools.js"></script>
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+
+ <div class="document">
+ <div class="documentwrapper">
+ <div class="bodywrapper">
+ <div class="body">
+
+ <div class="section" id="patch-decorators">
+<h1>Patch Decorators<a class="headerlink" href="#patch-decorators" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<p>The patch decorators are used for patching objects only within the scope of
+the function they decorate. They automatically handle the unpatching for you,
+even if exceptions are raised. All of these functions can also be used in with
+statements or as class decorators.</p>
+<div class="section" id="patch">
+<h2>patch<a class="headerlink" href="#patch" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
+<p class="last"><cite>patch</cite> is straightforward to use. The key is to do the patching in the
+right namespace. See the section <a class="reference internal" href="#id1">where to patch</a>.</p>
+</div>
+<dl class="function">
+<dt id="mock.patch">
+<tt class="descname">patch</tt><big>(</big><em>target</em>, <em>new=DEFAULT</em>, <em>spec=None</em>, <em>create=False</em>, <em>spec_set=None</em>, <em>autospec=None</em>, <em>new_callable=None</em>, <em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.patch" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p><cite>patch</cite> acts as a function decorator, class decorator or a context
+manager. Inside the body of the function or with statement, the <cite>target</cite>
+is patched with a <cite>new</cite> object. When the function/with statement exits
+the patch is undone.</p>
+<p>If <cite>new</cite> is omitted, then the target is replaced with a
+<a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#mock.MagicMock" title="mock.MagicMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt></a>. If <cite>patch</cite> is used as a decorator and <cite>new</cite> is
+omitted, the created mock is passed in as an extra argument to the
+decorated function. If <cite>patch</cite> is used as a context manager the created
+mock is returned by the context manager.</p>
+<p><cite>target</cite> should be a string in the form <cite>&#8216;package.module.ClassName&#8217;</cite>. The
+<cite>target</cite> is imported and the specified object replaced with the <cite>new</cite>
+object, so the <cite>target</cite> must be importable from the environment you are
+calling <cite>patch</cite> from. The target is imported when the decorated function
+is executed, not at decoration time.</p>
+<p>The <cite>spec</cite> and <cite>spec_set</cite> keyword arguments are passed to the <cite>MagicMock</cite>
+if patch is creating one for you.</p>
+<p>In addition you can pass <cite>spec=True</cite> or <cite>spec_set=True</cite>, which causes
+patch to pass in the object being mocked as the spec/spec_set object.</p>
+<p><cite>new_callable</cite> allows you to specify a different class, or callable object,
+that will be called to create the <cite>new</cite> object. By default <cite>MagicMock</cite> is
+used.</p>
+<p>A more powerful form of <cite>spec</cite> is <cite>autospec</cite>. If you set <cite>autospec=True</cite>
+then the mock with be created with a spec from the object being replaced.
+All attributes of the mock will also have the spec of the corresponding
+attribute of the object being replaced. Methods and functions being mocked
+will have their arguments checked and will raise a <cite>TypeError</cite> if they are
+called with the wrong signature. For mocks
+replacing a class, their return value (the &#8216;instance&#8217;) will have the same
+spec as the class. See the <a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#mock.create_autospec" title="mock.create_autospec"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">create_autospec()</span></tt></a> function and
+<a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html#auto-speccing"><em>Autospeccing</em></a>.</p>
+<p>Instead of <cite>autospec=True</cite> you can pass <cite>autospec=some_object</cite> to use an
+arbitrary object as the spec instead of the one being replaced.</p>
+<p>By default <cite>patch</cite> will fail to replace attributes that don&#8217;t exist. If
+you pass in <cite>create=True</cite>, and the attribute doesn&#8217;t exist, patch will
+create the attribute for you when the patched function is called, and
+delete it again afterwards. This is useful for writing tests against
+attributes that your production code creates at runtime. It is off by by
+default because it can be dangerous. With it switched on you can write
+passing tests against APIs that don&#8217;t actually exist!</p>
+<p>Patch can be used as a <cite>TestCase</cite> class decorator. It works by
+decorating each test method in the class. This reduces the boilerplate
+code when your test methods share a common patchings set. <cite>patch</cite> finds
+tests by looking for method names that start with <cite>patch.TEST_PREFIX</cite>.
+By default this is <cite>test</cite>, which matches the way <cite>unittest</cite> finds tests.
+You can specify an alternative prefix by setting <cite>patch.TEST_PREFIX</cite>.</p>
+<p>Patch can be used as a context manager, with the with statement. Here the
+patching applies to the indented block after the with statement. If you
+use &#8220;as&#8221; then the patched object will be bound to the name after the
+&#8220;as&#8221;; very useful if <cite>patch</cite> is creating a mock object for you.</p>
+<p><cite>patch</cite> takes arbitrary keyword arguments. These will be passed to
+the <cite>Mock</cite> (or <cite>new_callable</cite>) on construction.</p>
+<p><cite>patch.dict(...)</cite>, <cite>patch.multiple(...)</cite> and <cite>patch.object(...)</cite> are
+available for alternate use-cases.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<p><cite>patch</cite> as function decorator, creating the mock for you and passing it into
+the decorated function:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__main__.SomeClass&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">normal_argument</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock_class</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">mock_class</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="go">True</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Patching a class replaces the class with a <cite>MagicMock</cite> <em>instance</em>. If the
+class is instantiated in the code under test then it will be the
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.return_value" title="mock.Mock.return_value"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">return_value</span></tt></a> of the mock that will be used.</p>
+<p>If the class is instantiated multiple times you could use
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.side_effect" title="mock.Mock.side_effect"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt></a> to return a new mock each time. Alternatively you
+can set the <cite>return_value</cite> to be anything you want.</p>
+<p>To configure return values on methods of <em>instances</em> on the patched class
+you must do this on the <cite>return_value</cite>. For example:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Class</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__main__.Class&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">MockClass</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">instance</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MockClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">instance</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">Class</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">instance</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">Class</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>If you use <cite>spec</cite> or <cite>spec_set</cite> and <cite>patch</cite> is replacing a <em>class</em>, then the
+return value of the created mock will have the same spec.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">Original</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Class</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">patcher</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__main__.Class&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">spec</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MockClass</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">patcher</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">instance</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MockClass</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Original</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">patcher</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">stop</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>The <cite>new_callable</cite> argument is useful where you want to use an alternative
+class to the default <a class="reference internal" href="magicmock.html#mock.MagicMock" title="mock.MagicMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">MagicMock</span></tt></a> for the created mock. For example, if
+you wanted a <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.NonCallableMock" title="mock.NonCallableMock"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">NonCallableMock</span></tt></a> to be used:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">thing</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__main__.thing&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">new_callable</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">NonCallableMock</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">mock_thing</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">thing</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">mock_thing</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">thing</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">TypeError</span>: <span class="n">&#39;NonCallableMock&#39; object is not callable</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Another use case might be to replace an object with a <cite>StringIO</cite> instance:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">StringIO</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">StringIO</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">foo</span><span class="p">():</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">&#39;Something&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;sys.stdout&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">new_callable</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">StringIO</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock_stdout</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">foo</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">mock_stdout</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getvalue</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s">&#39;Something</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">test</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>When <cite>patch</cite> is creating a mock for you, it is common that the first thing
+you need to do is to configure the mock. Some of that configuration can be done
+in the call to patch. Any arbitrary keywords you pass into the call will be
+used to set attributes on the created mock:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">patcher</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__main__.thing&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">first</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;one&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">second</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;two&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_thing</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">patcher</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_thing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">first</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;one&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_thing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">second</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;two&#39;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>As well as attributes on the created mock attributes, like the
+<a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.return_value" title="mock.Mock.return_value"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">return_value</span></tt></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.side_effect" title="mock.Mock.side_effect"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt></a>, of child mocks can
+also be configured. These aren&#8217;t syntactically valid to pass in directly as
+keyword arguments, but a dictionary with these as keys can still be expanded
+into a <cite>patch</cite> call using <cite>**</cite>:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">config</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;method.return_value&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;other.side_effect&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="ne">KeyError</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">patcher</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__main__.thing&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_thing</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">patcher</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_thing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock_thing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">other</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
+ <span class="c">...</span>
+<span class="gr">KeyError</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="patch-object">
+<h2>patch.object<a class="headerlink" href="#patch-object" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<dl class="function">
+<dt id="mock.patch.object">
+<tt class="descclassname">patch.</tt><tt class="descname">object</tt><big>(</big><em>target</em>, <em>attribute</em>, <em>new=DEFAULT</em>, <em>spec=None</em>, <em>create=False</em>, <em>spec_set=None</em>, <em>autospec=None</em>, <em>new_callable=None</em>, <em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.patch.object" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>patch the named member (<cite>attribute</cite>) on an object (<cite>target</cite>) with a mock
+object.</p>
+<p><cite>patch.object</cite> can be used as a decorator, class decorator or a context
+manager. Arguments <cite>new</cite>, <cite>spec</cite>, <cite>create</cite>, <cite>spec_set</cite>, <cite>autospec</cite> and
+<cite>new_callable</cite> have the same meaning as for <cite>patch</cite>. Like <cite>patch</cite>,
+<cite>patch.object</cite> takes arbitrary keyword arguments for configuring the mock
+object it creates.</p>
+<p>When used as a class decorator <cite>patch.object</cite> honours <cite>patch.TEST_PREFIX</cite>
+for choosing which methods to wrap.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<p>You can either call <cite>patch.object</cite> with three arguments or two arguments. The
+three argument form takes the object to be patched, the attribute name and the
+object to replace the attribute with.</p>
+<p>When calling with the two argument form you omit the replacement object, and a
+mock is created for you and passed in as an extra argument to the decorated
+function:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@patch.object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;class_method&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock_method</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">class_method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">mock_method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">test</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p><cite>spec</cite>, <cite>create</cite> and the other arguments to <cite>patch.object</cite> have the same
+meaning as they do for <cite>patch</cite>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="patch-dict">
+<h2>patch.dict<a class="headerlink" href="#patch-dict" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<dl class="function">
+<dt id="mock.patch.dict">
+<tt class="descclassname">patch.</tt><tt class="descname">dict</tt><big>(</big><em>in_dict</em>, <em>values=()</em>, <em>clear=False</em>, <em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.patch.dict" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>Patch a dictionary, or dictionary like object, and restore the dictionary
+to its original state after the test.</p>
+<p><cite>in_dict</cite> can be a dictionary or a mapping like container. If it is a
+mapping then it must at least support getting, setting and deleting items
+plus iterating over keys.</p>
+<p><cite>in_dict</cite> can also be a string specifying the name of the dictionary, which
+will then be fetched by importing it.</p>
+<p><cite>values</cite> can be a dictionary of values to set in the dictionary. <cite>values</cite>
+can also be an iterable of <cite>(key, value)</cite> pairs.</p>
+<p>If <cite>clear</cite> is True then the dictionary will be cleared before the new
+values are set.</p>
+<p><cite>patch.dict</cite> can also be called with arbitrary keyword arguments to set
+values in the dictionary.</p>
+<p><cite>patch.dict</cite> can be used as a context manager, decorator or class
+decorator. When used as a class decorator <cite>patch.dict</cite> honours
+<cite>patch.TEST_PREFIX</cite> for choosing which methods to wrap.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<p><cite>patch.dict</cite> can be used to add members to a dictionary, or simply let a test
+change a dictionary, and ensure the dictionary is restored when the test
+ends.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">mock</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">patch</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">foo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;newkey&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&#39;newvalue&#39;</span><span class="p">}):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">foo</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;newkey&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&#39;newvalue&#39;</span><span class="p">}</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">foo</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
+
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">os</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;os.environ&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&#39;newkey&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&#39;newvalue&#39;</span><span class="p">}):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">os</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">environ</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;newkey&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="go">newvalue</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="s">&#39;newkey&#39;</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">os</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">environ</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Keywords can be used in the <cite>patch.dict</cite> call to set values in the dictionary:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mymodule</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">function</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;fish&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;sys.modules&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">mymodule</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;some&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;args&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="go">&#39;fish&#39;</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p><cite>patch.dict</cite> can be used with dictionary like objects that aren&#8217;t actually
+dictionaries. At the very minimum they must support item getting, setting,
+deleting and either iteration or membership test. This corresponds to the
+magic methods <cite>__getitem__</cite>, <cite>__setitem__</cite>, <cite>__delitem__</cite> and either
+<cite>__iter__</cite> or <cite>__contains__</cite>.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Container</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">values</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__getitem__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">values</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__setitem__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">value</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">values</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">value</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__delitem__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">del</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">values</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__iter__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">iter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">values</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">thing</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Container</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">thing</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;one&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">thing</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">one</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">two</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">thing</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;one&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">thing</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;two&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">thing</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;one&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">thing</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;one&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="patch-multiple">
+<h2>patch.multiple<a class="headerlink" href="#patch-multiple" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<dl class="function">
+<dt id="mock.patch.multiple">
+<tt class="descclassname">patch.</tt><tt class="descname">multiple</tt><big>(</big><em>target</em>, <em>spec=None</em>, <em>create=False</em>, <em>spec_set=None</em>, <em>autospec=None</em>, <em>new_callable=None</em>, <em>**kwargs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.patch.multiple" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>Perform multiple patches in a single call. It takes the object to be
+patched (either as an object or a string to fetch the object by importing)
+and keyword arguments for the patches:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">multiple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">settings</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">FIRST_PATCH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;one&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SECOND_PATCH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&#39;two&#39;</span><span class="p">):</span>
+ <span class="o">...</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Use <a class="reference internal" href="sentinel.html#mock.DEFAULT" title="mock.DEFAULT"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">DEFAULT</span></tt></a> as the value if you want <cite>patch.multiple</cite> to create
+mocks for you. In this case the created mocks are passed into a decorated
+function by keyword, and a dictionary is returned when <cite>patch.multiple</cite> is
+used as a context manager.</p>
+<p><cite>patch.multiple</cite> can be used as a decorator, class decorator or a context
+manager. The arguments <cite>spec</cite>, <cite>spec_set</cite>, <cite>create</cite>, <cite>autospec</cite> and
+<cite>new_callable</cite> have the same meaning as for <cite>patch</cite>. These arguments will
+be applied to <em>all</em> patches done by <cite>patch.multiple</cite>.</p>
+<p>When used as a class decorator <cite>patch.multiple</cite> honours <cite>patch.TEST_PREFIX</cite>
+for choosing which methods to wrap.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<p>If you want <cite>patch.multiple</cite> to create mocks for you, then you can use
+<a class="reference internal" href="sentinel.html#mock.DEFAULT" title="mock.DEFAULT"><tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">DEFAULT</span></tt></a> as the value. If you use <cite>patch.multiple</cite> as a decorator
+then the created mocks are passed into the decorated function by keyword.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">thing</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">other</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">()</span>
+
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@patch.multiple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__main__&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">thing</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">other</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_function</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">thing</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">other</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">thing</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">other</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">MagicMock</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">test_function</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p><cite>patch.multiple</cite> can be nested with other <cite>patch</cite> decorators, but put arguments
+passed by keyword <em>after</em> any of the standard arguments created by <cite>patch</cite>:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;sys.exit&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="nd">@patch.multiple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__main__&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">thing</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">other</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_function</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock_exit</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">other</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">thing</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="s">&#39;other&#39;</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">repr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">other</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="s">&#39;thing&#39;</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">repr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">thing</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="s">&#39;exit&#39;</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">repr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock_exit</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">test_function</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>If <cite>patch.multiple</cite> is used as a context manager, the value returned by the
+context manger is a dictionary where created mocks are keyed by name:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">multiple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__main__&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">thing</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">other</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">values</span><span class="p">:</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="s">&#39;other&#39;</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">repr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">values</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;other&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="s">&#39;thing&#39;</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">repr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">values</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;thing&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">values</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;thing&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">thing</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">values</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;other&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">other</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="patch-methods-start-and-stop">
+<span id="start-and-stop"></span><h2>patch methods: start and stop<a class="headerlink" href="#patch-methods-start-and-stop" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>All the patchers have <cite>start</cite> and <cite>stop</cite> methods. These make it simpler to do
+patching in <cite>setUp</cite> methods or where you want to do multiple patches without
+nesting decorators or with statements.</p>
+<p>To use them call <cite>patch</cite>, <cite>patch.object</cite> or <cite>patch.dict</cite> as normal and keep a
+reference to the returned <cite>patcher</cite> object. You can then call <cite>start</cite> to put
+the patch in place and <cite>stop</cite> to undo it.</p>
+<p>If you are using <cite>patch</cite> to create a mock for you then it will be returned by
+the call to <cite>patcher.start</cite>.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">patcher</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;package.module.ClassName&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">package</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">module</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">original</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ClassName</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">new_mock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">patcher</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ClassName</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">original</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ClassName</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">new_mock</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">patcher</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">stop</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ClassName</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">original</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ClassName</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">new_mock</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>A typical use case for this might be for doing multiple patches in the <cite>setUp</cite>
+method of a <cite>TestCase</cite>:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TestCase</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">setUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patcher1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;package.module.Class1&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patcher2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;package.module.Class2&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MockClass1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patcher1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MockClass2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patcher2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">tearDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patcher1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">stop</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patcher2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">stop</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_something</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">package</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Class1</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MockClass1</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">package</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Class2</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MockClass2</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;test_something&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<div class="admonition caution">
+<p class="first admonition-title">Caution</p>
+<p>If you use this technique you must ensure that the patching is &#8220;undone&#8221; by
+calling <cite>stop</cite>. This can be fiddlier than you might think, because if an
+exception is raised in the setUp then tearDown is not called. <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2">unittest2</a> cleanup functions make this
+easier.</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TestCase</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">setUp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">patcher</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;package.module.Class&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MockClass</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">patcher</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">addCleanup</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">patcher</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">stop</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_something</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">package</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Class</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MockClass</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">MyTest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;test_something&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">()</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p class="last">As an added bonus you no longer need to keep a reference to the <cite>patcher</cite>
+object.</p>
+</div>
+<p>It is also possible to stop all patches which have been started by using
+<cite>patch.stopall</cite>.</p>
+<dl class="function">
+<dt id="mock.patch.stopall">
+<tt class="descclassname">patch.</tt><tt class="descname">stopall</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.patch.stopall" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>Stop all active patches. Only stops patches started with <cite>start</cite>.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="test-prefix">
+<h2>TEST_PREFIX<a class="headerlink" href="#test-prefix" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>All of the patchers can be used as class decorators. When used in this way
+they wrap every test method on the class. The patchers recognise methods that
+start with <cite>test</cite> as being test methods. This is the same way that the
+<cite>unittest.TestLoader</cite> finds test methods by default.</p>
+<p>It is possible that you want to use a different prefix for your tests. You can
+inform the patchers of the different prefix by setting <cite>patch.TEST_PREFIX</cite>:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">patch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TEST_PREFIX</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
+<span class="go">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;__main__.value&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;not three&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Thing</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">foo_one</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">value</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">foo_two</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">value</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="go">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">Thing</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo_one</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">not three</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">Thing</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">foo_two</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="go">not three</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">value</span>
+<span class="go">3</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="nesting-patch-decorators">
+<h2>Nesting Patch Decorators<a class="headerlink" href="#nesting-patch-decorators" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>If you want to perform multiple patches then you can simply stack up the
+decorators.</p>
+<p>You can stack up multiple patch decorators using this pattern:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="nd">@patch.object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;class_method&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="nd">@patch.object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;static_method&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mock1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock2</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">static_method</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">mock1</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">class_method</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">mock2</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">static_method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">SomeClass</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">class_method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;bar&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">mock1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock2</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mock2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">test</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;foo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">mock2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_called_once_with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;bar&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>Note that the decorators are applied from the bottom upwards. This is the
+standard way that Python applies decorators. The order of the created mocks
+passed into your test function matches this order.</p>
+<p>Like all context-managers patches can be nested using contextlib&#8217;s nested
+function; <em>every</em> patching will appear in the tuple after &#8220;as&#8221;:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">contextlib</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">nested</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">nested</span><span class="p">(</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;package.module.ClassName1&#39;</span><span class="p">),</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">patch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;package.module.ClassName2&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MockClass1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">MockClass2</span><span class="p">):</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">package</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ClassName1</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">MockClass1</span>
+<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">package</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ClassName2</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">MockClass2</span>
+<span class="gp">...</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="where-to-patch">
+<span id="id1"></span><h2>Where to patch<a class="headerlink" href="#where-to-patch" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p><cite>patch</cite> works by (temporarily) changing the object that a <em>name</em> points to with
+another one. There can be many names pointing to any individual object, so
+for patching to work you must ensure that you patch the name used by the system
+under test.</p>
+<p>The basic principle is that you patch where an object is <em>looked up</em>, which
+is not necessarily the same place as where it is defined. A couple of
+examples will help to clarify this.</p>
+<p>Imagine we have a project that we want to test with the following structure:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><pre>a.py
+ -&gt; Defines SomeClass
+
+b.py
+ -&gt; from a import SomeClass
+ -&gt; some_function instantiates SomeClass</pre>
+</div>
+<p>Now we want to test <cite>some_function</cite> but we want to mock out <cite>SomeClass</cite> using
+<cite>patch</cite>. The problem is that when we import module b, which we will have to
+do then it imports <cite>SomeClass</cite> from module a. If we use <cite>patch</cite> to mock out
+<cite>a.SomeClass</cite> then it will have no effect on our test; module b already has a
+reference to the <em>real</em> <cite>SomeClass</cite> and it looks like our patching had no
+effect.</p>
+<p>The key is to patch out <cite>SomeClass</cite> where it is used (or where it is looked up
+). In this case <cite>some_function</cite> will actually look up <cite>SomeClass</cite> in module b,
+where we have imported it. The patching should look like:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><cite>&#64;patch(&#8216;b.SomeClass&#8217;)</cite></div></blockquote>
+<p>However, consider the alternative scenario where instead of <cite>from a import
+SomeClass</cite> module b does <cite>import a</cite> and <cite>some_function</cite> uses <cite>a.SomeClass</cite>. Both
+of these import forms are common. In this case the class we want to patch is
+being looked up on the a module and so we have to patch <cite>a.SomeClass</cite> instead:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><cite>&#64;patch(&#8216;a.SomeClass&#8217;)</cite></div></blockquote>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="patching-descriptors-and-proxy-objects">
+<h2>Patching Descriptors and Proxy Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#patching-descriptors-and-proxy-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Since version 0.6.0 both <a class="reference internal" href="#patch">patch</a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#patch-object">patch.object</a> have been able to correctly
+patch and restore descriptors: class methods, static methods and properties.
+You should patch these on the <em>class</em> rather than an instance.</p>
+<p>Since version 0.7.0 <a class="reference internal" href="#patch">patch</a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#patch-object">patch.object</a> work correctly with some objects
+that proxy attribute access, like the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/weblog/arch_d7_2010_12_04.shtml#e1198">django setttings object</a>.</p>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
+<p class="last">In django <cite>import settings</cite> and <cite>from django.conf import settings</cite>
+return different objects. If you are using libraries / apps that do both you
+may have to patch both. Grrr...</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="sphinxsidebar">
+ <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
+ <h3><a href="index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
+ <ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Patch Decorators</a><ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#patch">patch</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#patch-object">patch.object</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#patch-dict">patch.dict</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#patch-multiple">patch.multiple</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#patch-methods-start-and-stop">patch methods: start and stop</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#test-prefix">TEST_PREFIX</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#nesting-patch-decorators">Nesting Patch Decorators</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#where-to-patch">Where to patch</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#patching-descriptors-and-proxy-objects">Patching Descriptors and Proxy Objects</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+
+ <h4>Previous topic</h4>
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+ title="previous chapter">The Mock Class</a></p>
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+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/html/searchindex.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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+
+ <div class="section" id="sentinel">
+<h1>Sentinel<a class="headerlink" href="#sentinel" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<dl class="data">
+<dt id="mock.sentinel">
+<tt class="descname">sentinel</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.sentinel" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sentinel</span></tt> object provides a convenient way of providing unique
+objects for your tests.</p>
+<p>Attributes are created on demand when you access them by name. Accessing
+the same attribute will always return the same object. The objects
+returned have a sensible repr so that test failure messages are readable.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<dl class="data">
+<dt id="mock.DEFAULT">
+<tt class="descname">DEFAULT</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#mock.DEFAULT" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
+<dd><p>The <cite>DEFAULT</cite> object is a pre-created sentinel (actually
+<cite>sentinel.DEFAULT</cite>). It can be used by <a class="reference internal" href="mock.html#mock.Mock.side_effect" title="mock.Mock.side_effect"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">side_effect</span></tt></a>
+functions to indicate that the normal return value should be used.</p>
+</dd></dl>
+
+<div class="section" id="sentinel-example">
+<h2>Sentinel Example<a class="headerlink" href="#sentinel-example" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>Sometimes when testing you need to test that a specific object is passed as an
+argument to another method, or returned. It can be common to create named
+sentinel objects to test this. <cite>sentinel</cite> provides a convenient way of
+creating and testing the identity of objects like this.</p>
+<p>In this example we monkey patch <cite>method</cite> to return
+<cite>sentinel.some_object</cite>:</p>
+<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">real</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ProductionClass</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">real</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;method&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">real</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">return_value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sentinel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_object</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">real</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">result</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">sentinel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_object</span>
+<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">sentinel</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">some_object</span>
+<span class="go">sentinel.some_object</span>
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="sphinxsidebar">
+ <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
+ <h3><a href="index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
+ <ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Sentinel</a><ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#sentinel-example">Sentinel Example</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+
+ <h4>Previous topic</h4>
+ <p class="topless"><a href="helpers.html"
+ title="previous chapter">Helpers</a></p>
+ <h4>Next topic</h4>
+ <p class="topless"><a href="magicmock.html"
+ title="next chapter">Mocking Magic Methods</a></p>
+ <h3>This Page</h3>
+ <ul class="this-page-menu">
+ <li><a href="_sources/sentinel.txt"
+ rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li>
+ </ul>
+<div id="searchbox" style="display: none">
+ <h3>Quick search</h3>
+ <form class="search" action="search.html" method="get">
+ <input type="text" name="q" />
+ <input type="submit" value="Go" />
+ <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
+ <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
+ </form>
+ <p class="searchtip" style="font-size: 90%">
+ Enter search terms or a module, class or function name.
+ </p>
+</div>
+<script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="clearer"></div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="related">
+ <h3>Navigation</h3>
+ <ul>
+ <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
+ <a href="genindex.html" title="General Index"
+ >index</a></li>
+ <li class="right" >
+ <a href="magicmock.html" title="Mocking Magic Methods"
+ >next</a> |</li>
+ <li class="right" >
+ <a href="helpers.html" title="Helpers"
+ >previous</a> |</li>
+ <li><a href="index.html">Mock 1.0.0 documentation</a> &raquo;</li>
+ </ul>
+ </div>
+ <div class="footer">
+ &copy; Copyright 2007-2012, Michael Foord &amp; the mock team.
+ Last updated on Oct 07, 2012.
+ Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> 1.1.3.
+ </div>
+ </body>
+</html> \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/mock.py b/python/mock-1.0.0/mock.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1be4e6e45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/mock.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2356 @@
+# mock.py
+# Test tools for mocking and patching.
+# Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Michael Foord & the mock team
+# E-mail: fuzzyman AT voidspace DOT org DOT uk
+
+# mock 1.0
+# http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/
+
+# Released subject to the BSD License
+# Please see http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/license.shtml
+
+# Scripts maintained at http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/index.shtml
+# Comments, suggestions and bug reports welcome.
+
+
+__all__ = (
+ 'Mock',
+ 'MagicMock',
+ 'patch',
+ 'sentinel',
+ 'DEFAULT',
+ 'ANY',
+ 'call',
+ 'create_autospec',
+ 'FILTER_DIR',
+ 'NonCallableMock',
+ 'NonCallableMagicMock',
+ 'mock_open',
+ 'PropertyMock',
+)
+
+
+__version__ = '1.0.0'
+
+
+import pprint
+import sys
+
+try:
+ import inspect
+except ImportError:
+ # for alternative platforms that
+ # may not have inspect
+ inspect = None
+
+try:
+ from functools import wraps
+except ImportError:
+ # Python 2.4 compatibility
+ def wraps(original):
+ def inner(f):
+ f.__name__ = original.__name__
+ f.__doc__ = original.__doc__
+ f.__module__ = original.__module__
+ return f
+ return inner
+
+try:
+ unicode
+except NameError:
+ # Python 3
+ basestring = unicode = str
+
+try:
+ long
+except NameError:
+ # Python 3
+ long = int
+
+try:
+ BaseException
+except NameError:
+ # Python 2.4 compatibility
+ BaseException = Exception
+
+try:
+ next
+except NameError:
+ def next(obj):
+ return obj.next()
+
+
+BaseExceptions = (BaseException,)
+if 'java' in sys.platform:
+ # jython
+ import java
+ BaseExceptions = (BaseException, java.lang.Throwable)
+
+try:
+ _isidentifier = str.isidentifier
+except AttributeError:
+ # Python 2.X
+ import keyword
+ import re
+ regex = re.compile(r'^[a-z_][a-z0-9_]*$', re.I)
+ def _isidentifier(string):
+ if string in keyword.kwlist:
+ return False
+ return regex.match(string)
+
+
+inPy3k = sys.version_info[0] == 3
+
+# Needed to work around Python 3 bug where use of "super" interferes with
+# defining __class__ as a descriptor
+_super = super
+
+self = 'im_self'
+builtin = '__builtin__'
+if inPy3k:
+ self = '__self__'
+ builtin = 'builtins'
+
+FILTER_DIR = True
+
+
+def _is_instance_mock(obj):
+ # can't use isinstance on Mock objects because they override __class__
+ # The base class for all mocks is NonCallableMock
+ return issubclass(type(obj), NonCallableMock)
+
+
+def _is_exception(obj):
+ return (
+ isinstance(obj, BaseExceptions) or
+ isinstance(obj, ClassTypes) and issubclass(obj, BaseExceptions)
+ )
+
+
+class _slotted(object):
+ __slots__ = ['a']
+
+
+DescriptorTypes = (
+ type(_slotted.a),
+ property,
+)
+
+
+def _getsignature(func, skipfirst, instance=False):
+ if inspect is None:
+ raise ImportError('inspect module not available')
+
+ if isinstance(func, ClassTypes) and not instance:
+ try:
+ func = func.__init__
+ except AttributeError:
+ return
+ skipfirst = True
+ elif not isinstance(func, FunctionTypes):
+ # for classes where instance is True we end up here too
+ try:
+ func = func.__call__
+ except AttributeError:
+ return
+
+ if inPy3k:
+ try:
+ argspec = inspect.getfullargspec(func)
+ except TypeError:
+ # C function / method, possibly inherited object().__init__
+ return
+ regargs, varargs, varkw, defaults, kwonly, kwonlydef, ann = argspec
+ else:
+ try:
+ regargs, varargs, varkwargs, defaults = inspect.getargspec(func)
+ except TypeError:
+ # C function / method, possibly inherited object().__init__
+ return
+
+ # instance methods and classmethods need to lose the self argument
+ if getattr(func, self, None) is not None:
+ regargs = regargs[1:]
+ if skipfirst:
+ # this condition and the above one are never both True - why?
+ regargs = regargs[1:]
+
+ if inPy3k:
+ signature = inspect.formatargspec(
+ regargs, varargs, varkw, defaults,
+ kwonly, kwonlydef, ann, formatvalue=lambda value: "")
+ else:
+ signature = inspect.formatargspec(
+ regargs, varargs, varkwargs, defaults,
+ formatvalue=lambda value: "")
+ return signature[1:-1], func
+
+
+def _check_signature(func, mock, skipfirst, instance=False):
+ if not _callable(func):
+ return
+
+ result = _getsignature(func, skipfirst, instance)
+ if result is None:
+ return
+ signature, func = result
+
+ # can't use self because "self" is common as an argument name
+ # unfortunately even not in the first place
+ src = "lambda _mock_self, %s: None" % signature
+ checksig = eval(src, {})
+ _copy_func_details(func, checksig)
+ type(mock)._mock_check_sig = checksig
+
+
+def _copy_func_details(func, funcopy):
+ funcopy.__name__ = func.__name__
+ funcopy.__doc__ = func.__doc__
+ #funcopy.__dict__.update(func.__dict__)
+ funcopy.__module__ = func.__module__
+ if not inPy3k:
+ funcopy.func_defaults = func.func_defaults
+ return
+ funcopy.__defaults__ = func.__defaults__
+ funcopy.__kwdefaults__ = func.__kwdefaults__
+
+
+def _callable(obj):
+ if isinstance(obj, ClassTypes):
+ return True
+ if getattr(obj, '__call__', None) is not None:
+ return True
+ return False
+
+
+def _is_list(obj):
+ # checks for list or tuples
+ # XXXX badly named!
+ return type(obj) in (list, tuple)
+
+
+def _instance_callable(obj):
+ """Given an object, return True if the object is callable.
+ For classes, return True if instances would be callable."""
+ if not isinstance(obj, ClassTypes):
+ # already an instance
+ return getattr(obj, '__call__', None) is not None
+
+ klass = obj
+ # uses __bases__ instead of __mro__ so that we work with old style classes
+ if klass.__dict__.get('__call__') is not None:
+ return True
+
+ for base in klass.__bases__:
+ if _instance_callable(base):
+ return True
+ return False
+
+
+def _set_signature(mock, original, instance=False):
+ # creates a function with signature (*args, **kwargs) that delegates to a
+ # mock. It still does signature checking by calling a lambda with the same
+ # signature as the original.
+ if not _callable(original):
+ return
+
+ skipfirst = isinstance(original, ClassTypes)
+ result = _getsignature(original, skipfirst, instance)
+ if result is None:
+ # was a C function (e.g. object().__init__ ) that can't be mocked
+ return
+
+ signature, func = result
+
+ src = "lambda %s: None" % signature
+ checksig = eval(src, {})
+ _copy_func_details(func, checksig)
+
+ name = original.__name__
+ if not _isidentifier(name):
+ name = 'funcopy'
+ context = {'_checksig_': checksig, 'mock': mock}
+ src = """def %s(*args, **kwargs):
+ _checksig_(*args, **kwargs)
+ return mock(*args, **kwargs)""" % name
+ exec (src, context)
+ funcopy = context[name]
+ _setup_func(funcopy, mock)
+ return funcopy
+
+
+def _setup_func(funcopy, mock):
+ funcopy.mock = mock
+
+ # can't use isinstance with mocks
+ if not _is_instance_mock(mock):
+ return
+
+ def assert_called_with(*args, **kwargs):
+ return mock.assert_called_with(*args, **kwargs)
+ def assert_called_once_with(*args, **kwargs):
+ return mock.assert_called_once_with(*args, **kwargs)
+ def assert_has_calls(*args, **kwargs):
+ return mock.assert_has_calls(*args, **kwargs)
+ def assert_any_call(*args, **kwargs):
+ return mock.assert_any_call(*args, **kwargs)
+ def reset_mock():
+ funcopy.method_calls = _CallList()
+ funcopy.mock_calls = _CallList()
+ mock.reset_mock()
+ ret = funcopy.return_value
+ if _is_instance_mock(ret) and not ret is mock:
+ ret.reset_mock()
+
+ funcopy.called = False
+ funcopy.call_count = 0
+ funcopy.call_args = None
+ funcopy.call_args_list = _CallList()
+ funcopy.method_calls = _CallList()
+ funcopy.mock_calls = _CallList()
+
+ funcopy.return_value = mock.return_value
+ funcopy.side_effect = mock.side_effect
+ funcopy._mock_children = mock._mock_children
+
+ funcopy.assert_called_with = assert_called_with
+ funcopy.assert_called_once_with = assert_called_once_with
+ funcopy.assert_has_calls = assert_has_calls
+ funcopy.assert_any_call = assert_any_call
+ funcopy.reset_mock = reset_mock
+
+ mock._mock_delegate = funcopy
+
+
+def _is_magic(name):
+ return '__%s__' % name[2:-2] == name
+
+
+class _SentinelObject(object):
+ "A unique, named, sentinel object."
+ def __init__(self, name):
+ self.name = name
+
+ def __repr__(self):
+ return 'sentinel.%s' % self.name
+
+
+class _Sentinel(object):
+ """Access attributes to return a named object, usable as a sentinel."""
+ def __init__(self):
+ self._sentinels = {}
+
+ def __getattr__(self, name):
+ if name == '__bases__':
+ # Without this help(mock) raises an exception
+ raise AttributeError
+ return self._sentinels.setdefault(name, _SentinelObject(name))
+
+
+sentinel = _Sentinel()
+
+DEFAULT = sentinel.DEFAULT
+_missing = sentinel.MISSING
+_deleted = sentinel.DELETED
+
+
+class OldStyleClass:
+ pass
+ClassType = type(OldStyleClass)
+
+
+def _copy(value):
+ if type(value) in (dict, list, tuple, set):
+ return type(value)(value)
+ return value
+
+
+ClassTypes = (type,)
+if not inPy3k:
+ ClassTypes = (type, ClassType)
+
+_allowed_names = set(
+ [
+ 'return_value', '_mock_return_value', 'side_effect',
+ '_mock_side_effect', '_mock_parent', '_mock_new_parent',
+ '_mock_name', '_mock_new_name'
+ ]
+)
+
+
+def _delegating_property(name):
+ _allowed_names.add(name)
+ _the_name = '_mock_' + name
+ def _get(self, name=name, _the_name=_the_name):
+ sig = self._mock_delegate
+ if sig is None:
+ return getattr(self, _the_name)
+ return getattr(sig, name)
+ def _set(self, value, name=name, _the_name=_the_name):
+ sig = self._mock_delegate
+ if sig is None:
+ self.__dict__[_the_name] = value
+ else:
+ setattr(sig, name, value)
+
+ return property(_get, _set)
+
+
+
+class _CallList(list):
+
+ def __contains__(self, value):
+ if not isinstance(value, list):
+ return list.__contains__(self, value)
+ len_value = len(value)
+ len_self = len(self)
+ if len_value > len_self:
+ return False
+
+ for i in range(0, len_self - len_value + 1):
+ sub_list = self[i:i+len_value]
+ if sub_list == value:
+ return True
+ return False
+
+ def __repr__(self):
+ return pprint.pformat(list(self))
+
+
+def _check_and_set_parent(parent, value, name, new_name):
+ if not _is_instance_mock(value):
+ return False
+ if ((value._mock_name or value._mock_new_name) or
+ (value._mock_parent is not None) or
+ (value._mock_new_parent is not None)):
+ return False
+
+ _parent = parent
+ while _parent is not None:
+ # setting a mock (value) as a child or return value of itself
+ # should not modify the mock
+ if _parent is value:
+ return False
+ _parent = _parent._mock_new_parent
+
+ if new_name:
+ value._mock_new_parent = parent
+ value._mock_new_name = new_name
+ if name:
+ value._mock_parent = parent
+ value._mock_name = name
+ return True
+
+
+
+class Base(object):
+ _mock_return_value = DEFAULT
+ _mock_side_effect = None
+ def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+ pass
+
+
+
+class NonCallableMock(Base):
+ """A non-callable version of `Mock`"""
+
+ def __new__(cls, *args, **kw):
+ # every instance has its own class
+ # so we can create magic methods on the
+ # class without stomping on other mocks
+ new = type(cls.__name__, (cls,), {'__doc__': cls.__doc__})
+ instance = object.__new__(new)
+ return instance
+
+
+ def __init__(
+ self, spec=None, wraps=None, name=None, spec_set=None,
+ parent=None, _spec_state=None, _new_name='', _new_parent=None,
+ **kwargs
+ ):
+ if _new_parent is None:
+ _new_parent = parent
+
+ __dict__ = self.__dict__
+ __dict__['_mock_parent'] = parent
+ __dict__['_mock_name'] = name
+ __dict__['_mock_new_name'] = _new_name
+ __dict__['_mock_new_parent'] = _new_parent
+
+ if spec_set is not None:
+ spec = spec_set
+ spec_set = True
+
+ self._mock_add_spec(spec, spec_set)
+
+ __dict__['_mock_children'] = {}
+ __dict__['_mock_wraps'] = wraps
+ __dict__['_mock_delegate'] = None
+
+ __dict__['_mock_called'] = False
+ __dict__['_mock_call_args'] = None
+ __dict__['_mock_call_count'] = 0
+ __dict__['_mock_call_args_list'] = _CallList()
+ __dict__['_mock_mock_calls'] = _CallList()
+
+ __dict__['method_calls'] = _CallList()
+
+ if kwargs:
+ self.configure_mock(**kwargs)
+
+ _super(NonCallableMock, self).__init__(
+ spec, wraps, name, spec_set, parent,
+ _spec_state
+ )
+
+
+ def attach_mock(self, mock, attribute):
+ """
+ Attach a mock as an attribute of this one, replacing its name and
+ parent. Calls to the attached mock will be recorded in the
+ `method_calls` and `mock_calls` attributes of this one."""
+ mock._mock_parent = None
+ mock._mock_new_parent = None
+ mock._mock_name = ''
+ mock._mock_new_name = None
+
+ setattr(self, attribute, mock)
+
+
+ def mock_add_spec(self, spec, spec_set=False):
+ """Add a spec to a mock. `spec` can either be an object or a
+ list of strings. Only attributes on the `spec` can be fetched as
+ attributes from the mock.
+
+ If `spec_set` is True then only attributes on the spec can be set."""
+ self._mock_add_spec(spec, spec_set)
+
+
+ def _mock_add_spec(self, spec, spec_set):
+ _spec_class = None
+
+ if spec is not None and not _is_list(spec):
+ if isinstance(spec, ClassTypes):
+ _spec_class = spec
+ else:
+ _spec_class = _get_class(spec)
+
+ spec = dir(spec)
+
+ __dict__ = self.__dict__
+ __dict__['_spec_class'] = _spec_class
+ __dict__['_spec_set'] = spec_set
+ __dict__['_mock_methods'] = spec
+
+
+ def __get_return_value(self):
+ ret = self._mock_return_value
+ if self._mock_delegate is not None:
+ ret = self._mock_delegate.return_value
+
+ if ret is DEFAULT:
+ ret = self._get_child_mock(
+ _new_parent=self, _new_name='()'
+ )
+ self.return_value = ret
+ return ret
+
+
+ def __set_return_value(self, value):
+ if self._mock_delegate is not None:
+ self._mock_delegate.return_value = value
+ else:
+ self._mock_return_value = value
+ _check_and_set_parent(self, value, None, '()')
+
+ __return_value_doc = "The value to be returned when the mock is called."
+ return_value = property(__get_return_value, __set_return_value,
+ __return_value_doc)
+
+
+ @property
+ def __class__(self):
+ if self._spec_class is None:
+ return type(self)
+ return self._spec_class
+
+ called = _delegating_property('called')
+ call_count = _delegating_property('call_count')
+ call_args = _delegating_property('call_args')
+ call_args_list = _delegating_property('call_args_list')
+ mock_calls = _delegating_property('mock_calls')
+
+
+ def __get_side_effect(self):
+ sig = self._mock_delegate
+ if sig is None:
+ return self._mock_side_effect
+ return sig.side_effect
+
+ def __set_side_effect(self, value):
+ value = _try_iter(value)
+ sig = self._mock_delegate
+ if sig is None:
+ self._mock_side_effect = value
+ else:
+ sig.side_effect = value
+
+ side_effect = property(__get_side_effect, __set_side_effect)
+
+
+ def reset_mock(self):
+ "Restore the mock object to its initial state."
+ self.called = False
+ self.call_args = None
+ self.call_count = 0
+ self.mock_calls = _CallList()
+ self.call_args_list = _CallList()
+ self.method_calls = _CallList()
+
+ for child in self._mock_children.values():
+ if isinstance(child, _SpecState):
+ continue
+ child.reset_mock()
+
+ ret = self._mock_return_value
+ if _is_instance_mock(ret) and ret is not self:
+ ret.reset_mock()
+
+
+ def configure_mock(self, **kwargs):
+ """Set attributes on the mock through keyword arguments.
+
+ Attributes plus return values and side effects can be set on child
+ mocks using standard dot notation and unpacking a dictionary in the
+ method call:
+
+ >>> attrs = {'method.return_value': 3, 'other.side_effect': KeyError}
+ >>> mock.configure_mock(**attrs)"""
+ for arg, val in sorted(kwargs.items(),
+ # we sort on the number of dots so that
+ # attributes are set before we set attributes on
+ # attributes
+ key=lambda entry: entry[0].count('.')):
+ args = arg.split('.')
+ final = args.pop()
+ obj = self
+ for entry in args:
+ obj = getattr(obj, entry)
+ setattr(obj, final, val)
+
+
+ def __getattr__(self, name):
+ if name == '_mock_methods':
+ raise AttributeError(name)
+ elif self._mock_methods is not None:
+ if name not in self._mock_methods or name in _all_magics:
+ raise AttributeError("Mock object has no attribute %r" % name)
+ elif _is_magic(name):
+ raise AttributeError(name)
+
+ result = self._mock_children.get(name)
+ if result is _deleted:
+ raise AttributeError(name)
+ elif result is None:
+ wraps = None
+ if self._mock_wraps is not None:
+ # XXXX should we get the attribute without triggering code
+ # execution?
+ wraps = getattr(self._mock_wraps, name)
+
+ result = self._get_child_mock(
+ parent=self, name=name, wraps=wraps, _new_name=name,
+ _new_parent=self
+ )
+ self._mock_children[name] = result
+
+ elif isinstance(result, _SpecState):
+ result = create_autospec(
+ result.spec, result.spec_set, result.instance,
+ result.parent, result.name
+ )
+ self._mock_children[name] = result
+
+ return result
+
+
+ def __repr__(self):
+ _name_list = [self._mock_new_name]
+ _parent = self._mock_new_parent
+ last = self
+
+ dot = '.'
+ if _name_list == ['()']:
+ dot = ''
+ seen = set()
+ while _parent is not None:
+ last = _parent
+
+ _name_list.append(_parent._mock_new_name + dot)
+ dot = '.'
+ if _parent._mock_new_name == '()':
+ dot = ''
+
+ _parent = _parent._mock_new_parent
+
+ # use ids here so as not to call __hash__ on the mocks
+ if id(_parent) in seen:
+ break
+ seen.add(id(_parent))
+
+ _name_list = list(reversed(_name_list))
+ _first = last._mock_name or 'mock'
+ if len(_name_list) > 1:
+ if _name_list[1] not in ('()', '().'):
+ _first += '.'
+ _name_list[0] = _first
+ name = ''.join(_name_list)
+
+ name_string = ''
+ if name not in ('mock', 'mock.'):
+ name_string = ' name=%r' % name
+
+ spec_string = ''
+ if self._spec_class is not None:
+ spec_string = ' spec=%r'
+ if self._spec_set:
+ spec_string = ' spec_set=%r'
+ spec_string = spec_string % self._spec_class.__name__
+ return "<%s%s%s id='%s'>" % (
+ type(self).__name__,
+ name_string,
+ spec_string,
+ id(self)
+ )
+
+
+ def __dir__(self):
+ """Filter the output of `dir(mock)` to only useful members.
+ XXXX
+ """
+ extras = self._mock_methods or []
+ from_type = dir(type(self))
+ from_dict = list(self.__dict__)
+
+ if FILTER_DIR:
+ from_type = [e for e in from_type if not e.startswith('_')]
+ from_dict = [e for e in from_dict if not e.startswith('_') or
+ _is_magic(e)]
+ return sorted(set(extras + from_type + from_dict +
+ list(self._mock_children)))
+
+
+ def __setattr__(self, name, value):
+ if name in _allowed_names:
+ # property setters go through here
+ return object.__setattr__(self, name, value)
+ elif (self._spec_set and self._mock_methods is not None and
+ name not in self._mock_methods and
+ name not in self.__dict__):
+ raise AttributeError("Mock object has no attribute '%s'" % name)
+ elif name in _unsupported_magics:
+ msg = 'Attempting to set unsupported magic method %r.' % name
+ raise AttributeError(msg)
+ elif name in _all_magics:
+ if self._mock_methods is not None and name not in self._mock_methods:
+ raise AttributeError("Mock object has no attribute '%s'" % name)
+
+ if not _is_instance_mock(value):
+ setattr(type(self), name, _get_method(name, value))
+ original = value
+ value = lambda *args, **kw: original(self, *args, **kw)
+ else:
+ # only set _new_name and not name so that mock_calls is tracked
+ # but not method calls
+ _check_and_set_parent(self, value, None, name)
+ setattr(type(self), name, value)
+ self._mock_children[name] = value
+ elif name == '__class__':
+ self._spec_class = value
+ return
+ else:
+ if _check_and_set_parent(self, value, name, name):
+ self._mock_children[name] = value
+ return object.__setattr__(self, name, value)
+
+
+ def __delattr__(self, name):
+ if name in _all_magics and name in type(self).__dict__:
+ delattr(type(self), name)
+ if name not in self.__dict__:
+ # for magic methods that are still MagicProxy objects and
+ # not set on the instance itself
+ return
+
+ if name in self.__dict__:
+ object.__delattr__(self, name)
+
+ obj = self._mock_children.get(name, _missing)
+ if obj is _deleted:
+ raise AttributeError(name)
+ if obj is not _missing:
+ del self._mock_children[name]
+ self._mock_children[name] = _deleted
+
+
+
+ def _format_mock_call_signature(self, args, kwargs):
+ name = self._mock_name or 'mock'
+ return _format_call_signature(name, args, kwargs)
+
+
+ def _format_mock_failure_message(self, args, kwargs):
+ message = 'Expected call: %s\nActual call: %s'
+ expected_string = self._format_mock_call_signature(args, kwargs)
+ call_args = self.call_args
+ if len(call_args) == 3:
+ call_args = call_args[1:]
+ actual_string = self._format_mock_call_signature(*call_args)
+ return message % (expected_string, actual_string)
+
+
+ def assert_called_with(_mock_self, *args, **kwargs):
+ """assert that the mock was called with the specified arguments.
+
+ Raises an AssertionError if the args and keyword args passed in are
+ different to the last call to the mock."""
+ self = _mock_self
+ if self.call_args is None:
+ expected = self._format_mock_call_signature(args, kwargs)
+ raise AssertionError('Expected call: %s\nNot called' % (expected,))
+
+ if self.call_args != (args, kwargs):
+ msg = self._format_mock_failure_message(args, kwargs)
+ raise AssertionError(msg)
+
+
+ def assert_called_once_with(_mock_self, *args, **kwargs):
+ """assert that the mock was called exactly once and with the specified
+ arguments."""
+ self = _mock_self
+ if not self.call_count == 1:
+ msg = ("Expected to be called once. Called %s times." %
+ self.call_count)
+ raise AssertionError(msg)
+ return self.assert_called_with(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+ def assert_has_calls(self, calls, any_order=False):
+ """assert the mock has been called with the specified calls.
+ The `mock_calls` list is checked for the calls.
+
+ If `any_order` is False (the default) then the calls must be
+ sequential. There can be extra calls before or after the
+ specified calls.
+
+ If `any_order` is True then the calls can be in any order, but
+ they must all appear in `mock_calls`."""
+ if not any_order:
+ if calls not in self.mock_calls:
+ raise AssertionError(
+ 'Calls not found.\nExpected: %r\n'
+ 'Actual: %r' % (calls, self.mock_calls)
+ )
+ return
+
+ all_calls = list(self.mock_calls)
+
+ not_found = []
+ for kall in calls:
+ try:
+ all_calls.remove(kall)
+ except ValueError:
+ not_found.append(kall)
+ if not_found:
+ raise AssertionError(
+ '%r not all found in call list' % (tuple(not_found),)
+ )
+
+
+ def assert_any_call(self, *args, **kwargs):
+ """assert the mock has been called with the specified arguments.
+
+ The assert passes if the mock has *ever* been called, unlike
+ `assert_called_with` and `assert_called_once_with` that only pass if
+ the call is the most recent one."""
+ kall = call(*args, **kwargs)
+ if kall not in self.call_args_list:
+ expected_string = self._format_mock_call_signature(args, kwargs)
+ raise AssertionError(
+ '%s call not found' % expected_string
+ )
+
+
+ def _get_child_mock(self, **kw):
+ """Create the child mocks for attributes and return value.
+ By default child mocks will be the same type as the parent.
+ Subclasses of Mock may want to override this to customize the way
+ child mocks are made.
+
+ For non-callable mocks the callable variant will be used (rather than
+ any custom subclass)."""
+ _type = type(self)
+ if not issubclass(_type, CallableMixin):
+ if issubclass(_type, NonCallableMagicMock):
+ klass = MagicMock
+ elif issubclass(_type, NonCallableMock) :
+ klass = Mock
+ else:
+ klass = _type.__mro__[1]
+ return klass(**kw)
+
+
+
+def _try_iter(obj):
+ if obj is None:
+ return obj
+ if _is_exception(obj):
+ return obj
+ if _callable(obj):
+ return obj
+ try:
+ return iter(obj)
+ except TypeError:
+ # XXXX backwards compatibility
+ # but this will blow up on first call - so maybe we should fail early?
+ return obj
+
+
+
+class CallableMixin(Base):
+
+ def __init__(self, spec=None, side_effect=None, return_value=DEFAULT,
+ wraps=None, name=None, spec_set=None, parent=None,
+ _spec_state=None, _new_name='', _new_parent=None, **kwargs):
+ self.__dict__['_mock_return_value'] = return_value
+
+ _super(CallableMixin, self).__init__(
+ spec, wraps, name, spec_set, parent,
+ _spec_state, _new_name, _new_parent, **kwargs
+ )
+
+ self.side_effect = side_effect
+
+
+ def _mock_check_sig(self, *args, **kwargs):
+ # stub method that can be replaced with one with a specific signature
+ pass
+
+
+ def __call__(_mock_self, *args, **kwargs):
+ # can't use self in-case a function / method we are mocking uses self
+ # in the signature
+ _mock_self._mock_check_sig(*args, **kwargs)
+ return _mock_self._mock_call(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+ def _mock_call(_mock_self, *args, **kwargs):
+ self = _mock_self
+ self.called = True
+ self.call_count += 1
+ self.call_args = _Call((args, kwargs), two=True)
+ self.call_args_list.append(_Call((args, kwargs), two=True))
+
+ _new_name = self._mock_new_name
+ _new_parent = self._mock_new_parent
+ self.mock_calls.append(_Call(('', args, kwargs)))
+
+ seen = set()
+ skip_next_dot = _new_name == '()'
+ do_method_calls = self._mock_parent is not None
+ name = self._mock_name
+ while _new_parent is not None:
+ this_mock_call = _Call((_new_name, args, kwargs))
+ if _new_parent._mock_new_name:
+ dot = '.'
+ if skip_next_dot:
+ dot = ''
+
+ skip_next_dot = False
+ if _new_parent._mock_new_name == '()':
+ skip_next_dot = True
+
+ _new_name = _new_parent._mock_new_name + dot + _new_name
+
+ if do_method_calls:
+ if _new_name == name:
+ this_method_call = this_mock_call
+ else:
+ this_method_call = _Call((name, args, kwargs))
+ _new_parent.method_calls.append(this_method_call)
+
+ do_method_calls = _new_parent._mock_parent is not None
+ if do_method_calls:
+ name = _new_parent._mock_name + '.' + name
+
+ _new_parent.mock_calls.append(this_mock_call)
+ _new_parent = _new_parent._mock_new_parent
+
+ # use ids here so as not to call __hash__ on the mocks
+ _new_parent_id = id(_new_parent)
+ if _new_parent_id in seen:
+ break
+ seen.add(_new_parent_id)
+
+ ret_val = DEFAULT
+ effect = self.side_effect
+ if effect is not None:
+ if _is_exception(effect):
+ raise effect
+
+ if not _callable(effect):
+ result = next(effect)
+ if _is_exception(result):
+ raise result
+ return result
+
+ ret_val = effect(*args, **kwargs)
+ if ret_val is DEFAULT:
+ ret_val = self.return_value
+
+ if (self._mock_wraps is not None and
+ self._mock_return_value is DEFAULT):
+ return self._mock_wraps(*args, **kwargs)
+ if ret_val is DEFAULT:
+ ret_val = self.return_value
+ return ret_val
+
+
+
+class Mock(CallableMixin, NonCallableMock):
+ """
+ Create a new `Mock` object. `Mock` takes several optional arguments
+ that specify the behaviour of the Mock object:
+
+ * `spec`: This can be either a list of strings or an existing object (a
+ class or instance) that acts as the specification for the mock object. If
+ you pass in an object then a list of strings is formed by calling dir on
+ the object (excluding unsupported magic attributes and methods). Accessing
+ any attribute not in this list will raise an `AttributeError`.
+
+ If `spec` is an object (rather than a list of strings) then
+ `mock.__class__` returns the class of the spec object. This allows mocks
+ to pass `isinstance` tests.
+
+ * `spec_set`: A stricter variant of `spec`. If used, attempting to *set*
+ or get an attribute on the mock that isn't on the object passed as
+ `spec_set` will raise an `AttributeError`.
+
+ * `side_effect`: A function to be called whenever the Mock is called. See
+ the `side_effect` attribute. Useful for raising exceptions or
+ dynamically changing return values. The function is called with the same
+ arguments as the mock, and unless it returns `DEFAULT`, the return
+ value of this function is used as the return value.
+
+ Alternatively `side_effect` can be an exception class or instance. In
+ this case the exception will be raised when the mock is called.
+
+ If `side_effect` is an iterable then each call to the mock will return
+ the next value from the iterable. If any of the members of the iterable
+ are exceptions they will be raised instead of returned.
+
+ * `return_value`: The value returned when the mock is called. By default
+ this is a new Mock (created on first access). See the
+ `return_value` attribute.
+
+ * `wraps`: Item for the mock object to wrap. If `wraps` is not None then
+ calling the Mock will pass the call through to the wrapped object
+ (returning the real result). Attribute access on the mock will return a
+ Mock object that wraps the corresponding attribute of the wrapped object
+ (so attempting to access an attribute that doesn't exist will raise an
+ `AttributeError`).
+
+ If the mock has an explicit `return_value` set then calls are not passed
+ to the wrapped object and the `return_value` is returned instead.
+
+ * `name`: If the mock has a name then it will be used in the repr of the
+ mock. This can be useful for debugging. The name is propagated to child
+ mocks.
+
+ Mocks can also be called with arbitrary keyword arguments. These will be
+ used to set attributes on the mock after it is created.
+ """
+
+
+
+def _dot_lookup(thing, comp, import_path):
+ try:
+ return getattr(thing, comp)
+ except AttributeError:
+ __import__(import_path)
+ return getattr(thing, comp)
+
+
+def _importer(target):
+ components = target.split('.')
+ import_path = components.pop(0)
+ thing = __import__(import_path)
+
+ for comp in components:
+ import_path += ".%s" % comp
+ thing = _dot_lookup(thing, comp, import_path)
+ return thing
+
+
+def _is_started(patcher):
+ # XXXX horrible
+ return hasattr(patcher, 'is_local')
+
+
+class _patch(object):
+
+ attribute_name = None
+ _active_patches = set()
+
+ def __init__(
+ self, getter, attribute, new, spec, create,
+ spec_set, autospec, new_callable, kwargs
+ ):
+ if new_callable is not None:
+ if new is not DEFAULT:
+ raise ValueError(
+ "Cannot use 'new' and 'new_callable' together"
+ )
+ if autospec is not None:
+ raise ValueError(
+ "Cannot use 'autospec' and 'new_callable' together"
+ )
+
+ self.getter = getter
+ self.attribute = attribute
+ self.new = new
+ self.new_callable = new_callable
+ self.spec = spec
+ self.create = create
+ self.has_local = False
+ self.spec_set = spec_set
+ self.autospec = autospec
+ self.kwargs = kwargs
+ self.additional_patchers = []
+
+
+ def copy(self):
+ patcher = _patch(
+ self.getter, self.attribute, self.new, self.spec,
+ self.create, self.spec_set,
+ self.autospec, self.new_callable, self.kwargs
+ )
+ patcher.attribute_name = self.attribute_name
+ patcher.additional_patchers = [
+ p.copy() for p in self.additional_patchers
+ ]
+ return patcher
+
+
+ def __call__(self, func):
+ if isinstance(func, ClassTypes):
+ return self.decorate_class(func)
+ return self.decorate_callable(func)
+
+
+ def decorate_class(self, klass):
+ for attr in dir(klass):
+ if not attr.startswith(patch.TEST_PREFIX):
+ continue
+
+ attr_value = getattr(klass, attr)
+ if not hasattr(attr_value, "__call__"):
+ continue
+
+ patcher = self.copy()
+ setattr(klass, attr, patcher(attr_value))
+ return klass
+
+
+ def decorate_callable(self, func):
+ if hasattr(func, 'patchings'):
+ func.patchings.append(self)
+ return func
+
+ @wraps(func)
+ def patched(*args, **keywargs):
+ # don't use a with here (backwards compatability with Python 2.4)
+ extra_args = []
+ entered_patchers = []
+
+ # can't use try...except...finally because of Python 2.4
+ # compatibility
+ exc_info = tuple()
+ try:
+ try:
+ for patching in patched.patchings:
+ arg = patching.__enter__()
+ entered_patchers.append(patching)
+ if patching.attribute_name is not None:
+ keywargs.update(arg)
+ elif patching.new is DEFAULT:
+ extra_args.append(arg)
+
+ args += tuple(extra_args)
+ return func(*args, **keywargs)
+ except:
+ if (patching not in entered_patchers and
+ _is_started(patching)):
+ # the patcher may have been started, but an exception
+ # raised whilst entering one of its additional_patchers
+ entered_patchers.append(patching)
+ # Pass the exception to __exit__
+ exc_info = sys.exc_info()
+ # re-raise the exception
+ raise
+ finally:
+ for patching in reversed(entered_patchers):
+ patching.__exit__(*exc_info)
+
+ patched.patchings = [self]
+ if hasattr(func, 'func_code'):
+ # not in Python 3
+ patched.compat_co_firstlineno = getattr(
+ func, "compat_co_firstlineno",
+ func.func_code.co_firstlineno
+ )
+ return patched
+
+
+ def get_original(self):
+ target = self.getter()
+ name = self.attribute
+
+ original = DEFAULT
+ local = False
+
+ try:
+ original = target.__dict__[name]
+ except (AttributeError, KeyError):
+ original = getattr(target, name, DEFAULT)
+ else:
+ local = True
+
+ if not self.create and original is DEFAULT:
+ raise AttributeError(
+ "%s does not have the attribute %r" % (target, name)
+ )
+ return original, local
+
+
+ def __enter__(self):
+ """Perform the patch."""
+ new, spec, spec_set = self.new, self.spec, self.spec_set
+ autospec, kwargs = self.autospec, self.kwargs
+ new_callable = self.new_callable
+ self.target = self.getter()
+
+ # normalise False to None
+ if spec is False:
+ spec = None
+ if spec_set is False:
+ spec_set = None
+ if autospec is False:
+ autospec = None
+
+ if spec is not None and autospec is not None:
+ raise TypeError("Can't specify spec and autospec")
+ if ((spec is not None or autospec is not None) and
+ spec_set not in (True, None)):
+ raise TypeError("Can't provide explicit spec_set *and* spec or autospec")
+
+ original, local = self.get_original()
+
+ if new is DEFAULT and autospec is None:
+ inherit = False
+ if spec is True:
+ # set spec to the object we are replacing
+ spec = original
+ if spec_set is True:
+ spec_set = original
+ spec = None
+ elif spec is not None:
+ if spec_set is True:
+ spec_set = spec
+ spec = None
+ elif spec_set is True:
+ spec_set = original
+
+ if spec is not None or spec_set is not None:
+ if original is DEFAULT:
+ raise TypeError("Can't use 'spec' with create=True")
+ if isinstance(original, ClassTypes):
+ # If we're patching out a class and there is a spec
+ inherit = True
+
+ Klass = MagicMock
+ _kwargs = {}
+ if new_callable is not None:
+ Klass = new_callable
+ elif spec is not None or spec_set is not None:
+ this_spec = spec
+ if spec_set is not None:
+ this_spec = spec_set
+ if _is_list(this_spec):
+ not_callable = '__call__' not in this_spec
+ else:
+ not_callable = not _callable(this_spec)
+ if not_callable:
+ Klass = NonCallableMagicMock
+
+ if spec is not None:
+ _kwargs['spec'] = spec
+ if spec_set is not None:
+ _kwargs['spec_set'] = spec_set
+
+ # add a name to mocks
+ if (isinstance(Klass, type) and
+ issubclass(Klass, NonCallableMock) and self.attribute):
+ _kwargs['name'] = self.attribute
+
+ _kwargs.update(kwargs)
+ new = Klass(**_kwargs)
+
+ if inherit and _is_instance_mock(new):
+ # we can only tell if the instance should be callable if the
+ # spec is not a list
+ this_spec = spec
+ if spec_set is not None:
+ this_spec = spec_set
+ if (not _is_list(this_spec) and not
+ _instance_callable(this_spec)):
+ Klass = NonCallableMagicMock
+
+ _kwargs.pop('name')
+ new.return_value = Klass(_new_parent=new, _new_name='()',
+ **_kwargs)
+ elif autospec is not None:
+ # spec is ignored, new *must* be default, spec_set is treated
+ # as a boolean. Should we check spec is not None and that spec_set
+ # is a bool?
+ if new is not DEFAULT:
+ raise TypeError(
+ "autospec creates the mock for you. Can't specify "
+ "autospec and new."
+ )
+ if original is DEFAULT:
+ raise TypeError("Can't use 'autospec' with create=True")
+ spec_set = bool(spec_set)
+ if autospec is True:
+ autospec = original
+
+ new = create_autospec(autospec, spec_set=spec_set,
+ _name=self.attribute, **kwargs)
+ elif kwargs:
+ # can't set keyword args when we aren't creating the mock
+ # XXXX If new is a Mock we could call new.configure_mock(**kwargs)
+ raise TypeError("Can't pass kwargs to a mock we aren't creating")
+
+ new_attr = new
+
+ self.temp_original = original
+ self.is_local = local
+ setattr(self.target, self.attribute, new_attr)
+ if self.attribute_name is not None:
+ extra_args = {}
+ if self.new is DEFAULT:
+ extra_args[self.attribute_name] = new
+ for patching in self.additional_patchers:
+ arg = patching.__enter__()
+ if patching.new is DEFAULT:
+ extra_args.update(arg)
+ return extra_args
+
+ return new
+
+
+ def __exit__(self, *exc_info):
+ """Undo the patch."""
+ if not _is_started(self):
+ raise RuntimeError('stop called on unstarted patcher')
+
+ if self.is_local and self.temp_original is not DEFAULT:
+ setattr(self.target, self.attribute, self.temp_original)
+ else:
+ delattr(self.target, self.attribute)
+ if not self.create and not hasattr(self.target, self.attribute):
+ # needed for proxy objects like django settings
+ setattr(self.target, self.attribute, self.temp_original)
+
+ del self.temp_original
+ del self.is_local
+ del self.target
+ for patcher in reversed(self.additional_patchers):
+ if _is_started(patcher):
+ patcher.__exit__(*exc_info)
+
+
+ def start(self):
+ """Activate a patch, returning any created mock."""
+ result = self.__enter__()
+ self._active_patches.add(self)
+ return result
+
+
+ def stop(self):
+ """Stop an active patch."""
+ self._active_patches.discard(self)
+ return self.__exit__()
+
+
+
+def _get_target(target):
+ try:
+ target, attribute = target.rsplit('.', 1)
+ except (TypeError, ValueError):
+ raise TypeError("Need a valid target to patch. You supplied: %r" %
+ (target,))
+ getter = lambda: _importer(target)
+ return getter, attribute
+
+
+def _patch_object(
+ target, attribute, new=DEFAULT, spec=None,
+ create=False, spec_set=None, autospec=None,
+ new_callable=None, **kwargs
+ ):
+ """
+ patch.object(target, attribute, new=DEFAULT, spec=None, create=False,
+ spec_set=None, autospec=None, new_callable=None, **kwargs)
+
+ patch the named member (`attribute`) on an object (`target`) with a mock
+ object.
+
+ `patch.object` can be used as a decorator, class decorator or a context
+ manager. Arguments `new`, `spec`, `create`, `spec_set`,
+ `autospec` and `new_callable` have the same meaning as for `patch`. Like
+ `patch`, `patch.object` takes arbitrary keyword arguments for configuring
+ the mock object it creates.
+
+ When used as a class decorator `patch.object` honours `patch.TEST_PREFIX`
+ for choosing which methods to wrap.
+ """
+ getter = lambda: target
+ return _patch(
+ getter, attribute, new, spec, create,
+ spec_set, autospec, new_callable, kwargs
+ )
+
+
+def _patch_multiple(target, spec=None, create=False, spec_set=None,
+ autospec=None, new_callable=None, **kwargs):
+ """Perform multiple patches in a single call. It takes the object to be
+ patched (either as an object or a string to fetch the object by importing)
+ and keyword arguments for the patches::
+
+ with patch.multiple(settings, FIRST_PATCH='one', SECOND_PATCH='two'):
+ ...
+
+ Use `DEFAULT` as the value if you want `patch.multiple` to create
+ mocks for you. In this case the created mocks are passed into a decorated
+ function by keyword, and a dictionary is returned when `patch.multiple` is
+ used as a context manager.
+
+ `patch.multiple` can be used as a decorator, class decorator or a context
+ manager. The arguments `spec`, `spec_set`, `create`,
+ `autospec` and `new_callable` have the same meaning as for `patch`. These
+ arguments will be applied to *all* patches done by `patch.multiple`.
+
+ When used as a class decorator `patch.multiple` honours `patch.TEST_PREFIX`
+ for choosing which methods to wrap.
+ """
+ if type(target) in (unicode, str):
+ getter = lambda: _importer(target)
+ else:
+ getter = lambda: target
+
+ if not kwargs:
+ raise ValueError(
+ 'Must supply at least one keyword argument with patch.multiple'
+ )
+ # need to wrap in a list for python 3, where items is a view
+ items = list(kwargs.items())
+ attribute, new = items[0]
+ patcher = _patch(
+ getter, attribute, new, spec, create, spec_set,
+ autospec, new_callable, {}
+ )
+ patcher.attribute_name = attribute
+ for attribute, new in items[1:]:
+ this_patcher = _patch(
+ getter, attribute, new, spec, create, spec_set,
+ autospec, new_callable, {}
+ )
+ this_patcher.attribute_name = attribute
+ patcher.additional_patchers.append(this_patcher)
+ return patcher
+
+
+def patch(
+ target, new=DEFAULT, spec=None, create=False,
+ spec_set=None, autospec=None, new_callable=None, **kwargs
+ ):
+ """
+ `patch` acts as a function decorator, class decorator or a context
+ manager. Inside the body of the function or with statement, the `target`
+ is patched with a `new` object. When the function/with statement exits
+ the patch is undone.
+
+ If `new` is omitted, then the target is replaced with a
+ `MagicMock`. If `patch` is used as a decorator and `new` is
+ omitted, the created mock is passed in as an extra argument to the
+ decorated function. If `patch` is used as a context manager the created
+ mock is returned by the context manager.
+
+ `target` should be a string in the form `'package.module.ClassName'`. The
+ `target` is imported and the specified object replaced with the `new`
+ object, so the `target` must be importable from the environment you are
+ calling `patch` from. The target is imported when the decorated function
+ is executed, not at decoration time.
+
+ The `spec` and `spec_set` keyword arguments are passed to the `MagicMock`
+ if patch is creating one for you.
+
+ In addition you can pass `spec=True` or `spec_set=True`, which causes
+ patch to pass in the object being mocked as the spec/spec_set object.
+
+ `new_callable` allows you to specify a different class, or callable object,
+ that will be called to create the `new` object. By default `MagicMock` is
+ used.
+
+ A more powerful form of `spec` is `autospec`. If you set `autospec=True`
+ then the mock with be created with a spec from the object being replaced.
+ All attributes of the mock will also have the spec of the corresponding
+ attribute of the object being replaced. Methods and functions being
+ mocked will have their arguments checked and will raise a `TypeError` if
+ they are called with the wrong signature. For mocks replacing a class,
+ their return value (the 'instance') will have the same spec as the class.
+
+ Instead of `autospec=True` you can pass `autospec=some_object` to use an
+ arbitrary object as the spec instead of the one being replaced.
+
+ By default `patch` will fail to replace attributes that don't exist. If
+ you pass in `create=True`, and the attribute doesn't exist, patch will
+ create the attribute for you when the patched function is called, and
+ delete it again afterwards. This is useful for writing tests against
+ attributes that your production code creates at runtime. It is off by by
+ default because it can be dangerous. With it switched on you can write
+ passing tests against APIs that don't actually exist!
+
+ Patch can be used as a `TestCase` class decorator. It works by
+ decorating each test method in the class. This reduces the boilerplate
+ code when your test methods share a common patchings set. `patch` finds
+ tests by looking for method names that start with `patch.TEST_PREFIX`.
+ By default this is `test`, which matches the way `unittest` finds tests.
+ You can specify an alternative prefix by setting `patch.TEST_PREFIX`.
+
+ Patch can be used as a context manager, with the with statement. Here the
+ patching applies to the indented block after the with statement. If you
+ use "as" then the patched object will be bound to the name after the
+ "as"; very useful if `patch` is creating a mock object for you.
+
+ `patch` takes arbitrary keyword arguments. These will be passed to
+ the `Mock` (or `new_callable`) on construction.
+
+ `patch.dict(...)`, `patch.multiple(...)` and `patch.object(...)` are
+ available for alternate use-cases.
+ """
+ getter, attribute = _get_target(target)
+ return _patch(
+ getter, attribute, new, spec, create,
+ spec_set, autospec, new_callable, kwargs
+ )
+
+
+class _patch_dict(object):
+ """
+ Patch a dictionary, or dictionary like object, and restore the dictionary
+ to its original state after the test.
+
+ `in_dict` can be a dictionary or a mapping like container. If it is a
+ mapping then it must at least support getting, setting and deleting items
+ plus iterating over keys.
+
+ `in_dict` can also be a string specifying the name of the dictionary, which
+ will then be fetched by importing it.
+
+ `values` can be a dictionary of values to set in the dictionary. `values`
+ can also be an iterable of `(key, value)` pairs.
+
+ If `clear` is True then the dictionary will be cleared before the new
+ values are set.
+
+ `patch.dict` can also be called with arbitrary keyword arguments to set
+ values in the dictionary::
+
+ with patch.dict('sys.modules', mymodule=Mock(), other_module=Mock()):
+ ...
+
+ `patch.dict` can be used as a context manager, decorator or class
+ decorator. When used as a class decorator `patch.dict` honours
+ `patch.TEST_PREFIX` for choosing which methods to wrap.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, in_dict, values=(), clear=False, **kwargs):
+ if isinstance(in_dict, basestring):
+ in_dict = _importer(in_dict)
+ self.in_dict = in_dict
+ # support any argument supported by dict(...) constructor
+ self.values = dict(values)
+ self.values.update(kwargs)
+ self.clear = clear
+ self._original = None
+
+
+ def __call__(self, f):
+ if isinstance(f, ClassTypes):
+ return self.decorate_class(f)
+ @wraps(f)
+ def _inner(*args, **kw):
+ self._patch_dict()
+ try:
+ return f(*args, **kw)
+ finally:
+ self._unpatch_dict()
+
+ return _inner
+
+
+ def decorate_class(self, klass):
+ for attr in dir(klass):
+ attr_value = getattr(klass, attr)
+ if (attr.startswith(patch.TEST_PREFIX) and
+ hasattr(attr_value, "__call__")):
+ decorator = _patch_dict(self.in_dict, self.values, self.clear)
+ decorated = decorator(attr_value)
+ setattr(klass, attr, decorated)
+ return klass
+
+
+ def __enter__(self):
+ """Patch the dict."""
+ self._patch_dict()
+
+
+ def _patch_dict(self):
+ values = self.values
+ in_dict = self.in_dict
+ clear = self.clear
+
+ try:
+ original = in_dict.copy()
+ except AttributeError:
+ # dict like object with no copy method
+ # must support iteration over keys
+ original = {}
+ for key in in_dict:
+ original[key] = in_dict[key]
+ self._original = original
+
+ if clear:
+ _clear_dict(in_dict)
+
+ try:
+ in_dict.update(values)
+ except AttributeError:
+ # dict like object with no update method
+ for key in values:
+ in_dict[key] = values[key]
+
+
+ def _unpatch_dict(self):
+ in_dict = self.in_dict
+ original = self._original
+
+ _clear_dict(in_dict)
+
+ try:
+ in_dict.update(original)
+ except AttributeError:
+ for key in original:
+ in_dict[key] = original[key]
+
+
+ def __exit__(self, *args):
+ """Unpatch the dict."""
+ self._unpatch_dict()
+ return False
+
+ start = __enter__
+ stop = __exit__
+
+
+def _clear_dict(in_dict):
+ try:
+ in_dict.clear()
+ except AttributeError:
+ keys = list(in_dict)
+ for key in keys:
+ del in_dict[key]
+
+
+def _patch_stopall():
+ """Stop all active patches."""
+ for patch in list(_patch._active_patches):
+ patch.stop()
+
+
+patch.object = _patch_object
+patch.dict = _patch_dict
+patch.multiple = _patch_multiple
+patch.stopall = _patch_stopall
+patch.TEST_PREFIX = 'test'
+
+magic_methods = (
+ "lt le gt ge eq ne "
+ "getitem setitem delitem "
+ "len contains iter "
+ "hash str sizeof "
+ "enter exit "
+ "divmod neg pos abs invert "
+ "complex int float index "
+ "trunc floor ceil "
+)
+
+numerics = "add sub mul div floordiv mod lshift rshift and xor or pow "
+inplace = ' '.join('i%s' % n for n in numerics.split())
+right = ' '.join('r%s' % n for n in numerics.split())
+extra = ''
+if inPy3k:
+ extra = 'bool next '
+else:
+ extra = 'unicode long nonzero oct hex truediv rtruediv '
+
+# not including __prepare__, __instancecheck__, __subclasscheck__
+# (as they are metaclass methods)
+# __del__ is not supported at all as it causes problems if it exists
+
+_non_defaults = set('__%s__' % method for method in [
+ 'cmp', 'getslice', 'setslice', 'coerce', 'subclasses',
+ 'format', 'get', 'set', 'delete', 'reversed',
+ 'missing', 'reduce', 'reduce_ex', 'getinitargs',
+ 'getnewargs', 'getstate', 'setstate', 'getformat',
+ 'setformat', 'repr', 'dir'
+])
+
+
+def _get_method(name, func):
+ "Turns a callable object (like a mock) into a real function"
+ def method(self, *args, **kw):
+ return func(self, *args, **kw)
+ method.__name__ = name
+ return method
+
+
+_magics = set(
+ '__%s__' % method for method in
+ ' '.join([magic_methods, numerics, inplace, right, extra]).split()
+)
+
+_all_magics = _magics | _non_defaults
+
+_unsupported_magics = set([
+ '__getattr__', '__setattr__',
+ '__init__', '__new__', '__prepare__'
+ '__instancecheck__', '__subclasscheck__',
+ '__del__'
+])
+
+_calculate_return_value = {
+ '__hash__': lambda self: object.__hash__(self),
+ '__str__': lambda self: object.__str__(self),
+ '__sizeof__': lambda self: object.__sizeof__(self),
+ '__unicode__': lambda self: unicode(object.__str__(self)),
+}
+
+_return_values = {
+ '__lt__': NotImplemented,
+ '__gt__': NotImplemented,
+ '__le__': NotImplemented,
+ '__ge__': NotImplemented,
+ '__int__': 1,
+ '__contains__': False,
+ '__len__': 0,
+ '__exit__': False,
+ '__complex__': 1j,
+ '__float__': 1.0,
+ '__bool__': True,
+ '__nonzero__': True,
+ '__oct__': '1',
+ '__hex__': '0x1',
+ '__long__': long(1),
+ '__index__': 1,
+}
+
+
+def _get_eq(self):
+ def __eq__(other):
+ ret_val = self.__eq__._mock_return_value
+ if ret_val is not DEFAULT:
+ return ret_val
+ return self is other
+ return __eq__
+
+def _get_ne(self):
+ def __ne__(other):
+ if self.__ne__._mock_return_value is not DEFAULT:
+ return DEFAULT
+ return self is not other
+ return __ne__
+
+def _get_iter(self):
+ def __iter__():
+ ret_val = self.__iter__._mock_return_value
+ if ret_val is DEFAULT:
+ return iter([])
+ # if ret_val was already an iterator, then calling iter on it should
+ # return the iterator unchanged
+ return iter(ret_val)
+ return __iter__
+
+_side_effect_methods = {
+ '__eq__': _get_eq,
+ '__ne__': _get_ne,
+ '__iter__': _get_iter,
+}
+
+
+
+def _set_return_value(mock, method, name):
+ fixed = _return_values.get(name, DEFAULT)
+ if fixed is not DEFAULT:
+ method.return_value = fixed
+ return
+
+ return_calulator = _calculate_return_value.get(name)
+ if return_calulator is not None:
+ try:
+ return_value = return_calulator(mock)
+ except AttributeError:
+ # XXXX why do we return AttributeError here?
+ # set it as a side_effect instead?
+ return_value = AttributeError(name)
+ method.return_value = return_value
+ return
+
+ side_effector = _side_effect_methods.get(name)
+ if side_effector is not None:
+ method.side_effect = side_effector(mock)
+
+
+
+class MagicMixin(object):
+ def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
+ _super(MagicMixin, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
+ self._mock_set_magics()
+
+
+ def _mock_set_magics(self):
+ these_magics = _magics
+
+ if self._mock_methods is not None:
+ these_magics = _magics.intersection(self._mock_methods)
+
+ remove_magics = set()
+ remove_magics = _magics - these_magics
+
+ for entry in remove_magics:
+ if entry in type(self).__dict__:
+ # remove unneeded magic methods
+ delattr(self, entry)
+
+ # don't overwrite existing attributes if called a second time
+ these_magics = these_magics - set(type(self).__dict__)
+
+ _type = type(self)
+ for entry in these_magics:
+ setattr(_type, entry, MagicProxy(entry, self))
+
+
+
+class NonCallableMagicMock(MagicMixin, NonCallableMock):
+ """A version of `MagicMock` that isn't callable."""
+ def mock_add_spec(self, spec, spec_set=False):
+ """Add a spec to a mock. `spec` can either be an object or a
+ list of strings. Only attributes on the `spec` can be fetched as
+ attributes from the mock.
+
+ If `spec_set` is True then only attributes on the spec can be set."""
+ self._mock_add_spec(spec, spec_set)
+ self._mock_set_magics()
+
+
+
+class MagicMock(MagicMixin, Mock):
+ """
+ MagicMock is a subclass of Mock with default implementations
+ of most of the magic methods. You can use MagicMock without having to
+ configure the magic methods yourself.
+
+ If you use the `spec` or `spec_set` arguments then *only* magic
+ methods that exist in the spec will be created.
+
+ Attributes and the return value of a `MagicMock` will also be `MagicMocks`.
+ """
+ def mock_add_spec(self, spec, spec_set=False):
+ """Add a spec to a mock. `spec` can either be an object or a
+ list of strings. Only attributes on the `spec` can be fetched as
+ attributes from the mock.
+
+ If `spec_set` is True then only attributes on the spec can be set."""
+ self._mock_add_spec(spec, spec_set)
+ self._mock_set_magics()
+
+
+
+class MagicProxy(object):
+ def __init__(self, name, parent):
+ self.name = name
+ self.parent = parent
+
+ def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+ m = self.create_mock()
+ return m(*args, **kwargs)
+
+ def create_mock(self):
+ entry = self.name
+ parent = self.parent
+ m = parent._get_child_mock(name=entry, _new_name=entry,
+ _new_parent=parent)
+ setattr(parent, entry, m)
+ _set_return_value(parent, m, entry)
+ return m
+
+ def __get__(self, obj, _type=None):
+ return self.create_mock()
+
+
+
+class _ANY(object):
+ "A helper object that compares equal to everything."
+
+ def __eq__(self, other):
+ return True
+
+ def __ne__(self, other):
+ return False
+
+ def __repr__(self):
+ return '<ANY>'
+
+ANY = _ANY()
+
+
+
+def _format_call_signature(name, args, kwargs):
+ message = '%s(%%s)' % name
+ formatted_args = ''
+ args_string = ', '.join([repr(arg) for arg in args])
+ kwargs_string = ', '.join([
+ '%s=%r' % (key, value) for key, value in kwargs.items()
+ ])
+ if args_string:
+ formatted_args = args_string
+ if kwargs_string:
+ if formatted_args:
+ formatted_args += ', '
+ formatted_args += kwargs_string
+
+ return message % formatted_args
+
+
+
+class _Call(tuple):
+ """
+ A tuple for holding the results of a call to a mock, either in the form
+ `(args, kwargs)` or `(name, args, kwargs)`.
+
+ If args or kwargs are empty then a call tuple will compare equal to
+ a tuple without those values. This makes comparisons less verbose::
+
+ _Call(('name', (), {})) == ('name',)
+ _Call(('name', (1,), {})) == ('name', (1,))
+ _Call(((), {'a': 'b'})) == ({'a': 'b'},)
+
+ The `_Call` object provides a useful shortcut for comparing with call::
+
+ _Call(((1, 2), {'a': 3})) == call(1, 2, a=3)
+ _Call(('foo', (1, 2), {'a': 3})) == call.foo(1, 2, a=3)
+
+ If the _Call has no name then it will match any name.
+ """
+ def __new__(cls, value=(), name=None, parent=None, two=False,
+ from_kall=True):
+ name = ''
+ args = ()
+ kwargs = {}
+ _len = len(value)
+ if _len == 3:
+ name, args, kwargs = value
+ elif _len == 2:
+ first, second = value
+ if isinstance(first, basestring):
+ name = first
+ if isinstance(second, tuple):
+ args = second
+ else:
+ kwargs = second
+ else:
+ args, kwargs = first, second
+ elif _len == 1:
+ value, = value
+ if isinstance(value, basestring):
+ name = value
+ elif isinstance(value, tuple):
+ args = value
+ else:
+ kwargs = value
+
+ if two:
+ return tuple.__new__(cls, (args, kwargs))
+
+ return tuple.__new__(cls, (name, args, kwargs))
+
+
+ def __init__(self, value=(), name=None, parent=None, two=False,
+ from_kall=True):
+ self.name = name
+ self.parent = parent
+ self.from_kall = from_kall
+
+
+ def __eq__(self, other):
+ if other is ANY:
+ return True
+ try:
+ len_other = len(other)
+ except TypeError:
+ return False
+
+ self_name = ''
+ if len(self) == 2:
+ self_args, self_kwargs = self
+ else:
+ self_name, self_args, self_kwargs = self
+
+ other_name = ''
+ if len_other == 0:
+ other_args, other_kwargs = (), {}
+ elif len_other == 3:
+ other_name, other_args, other_kwargs = other
+ elif len_other == 1:
+ value, = other
+ if isinstance(value, tuple):
+ other_args = value
+ other_kwargs = {}
+ elif isinstance(value, basestring):
+ other_name = value
+ other_args, other_kwargs = (), {}
+ else:
+ other_args = ()
+ other_kwargs = value
+ else:
+ # len 2
+ # could be (name, args) or (name, kwargs) or (args, kwargs)
+ first, second = other
+ if isinstance(first, basestring):
+ other_name = first
+ if isinstance(second, tuple):
+ other_args, other_kwargs = second, {}
+ else:
+ other_args, other_kwargs = (), second
+ else:
+ other_args, other_kwargs = first, second
+
+ if self_name and other_name != self_name:
+ return False
+
+ # this order is important for ANY to work!
+ return (other_args, other_kwargs) == (self_args, self_kwargs)
+
+
+ def __ne__(self, other):
+ return not self.__eq__(other)
+
+
+ def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+ if self.name is None:
+ return _Call(('', args, kwargs), name='()')
+
+ name = self.name + '()'
+ return _Call((self.name, args, kwargs), name=name, parent=self)
+
+
+ def __getattr__(self, attr):
+ if self.name is None:
+ return _Call(name=attr, from_kall=False)
+ name = '%s.%s' % (self.name, attr)
+ return _Call(name=name, parent=self, from_kall=False)
+
+
+ def __repr__(self):
+ if not self.from_kall:
+ name = self.name or 'call'
+ if name.startswith('()'):
+ name = 'call%s' % name
+ return name
+
+ if len(self) == 2:
+ name = 'call'
+ args, kwargs = self
+ else:
+ name, args, kwargs = self
+ if not name:
+ name = 'call'
+ elif not name.startswith('()'):
+ name = 'call.%s' % name
+ else:
+ name = 'call%s' % name
+ return _format_call_signature(name, args, kwargs)
+
+
+ def call_list(self):
+ """For a call object that represents multiple calls, `call_list`
+ returns a list of all the intermediate calls as well as the
+ final call."""
+ vals = []
+ thing = self
+ while thing is not None:
+ if thing.from_kall:
+ vals.append(thing)
+ thing = thing.parent
+ return _CallList(reversed(vals))
+
+
+call = _Call(from_kall=False)
+
+
+
+def create_autospec(spec, spec_set=False, instance=False, _parent=None,
+ _name=None, **kwargs):
+ """Create a mock object using another object as a spec. Attributes on the
+ mock will use the corresponding attribute on the `spec` object as their
+ spec.
+
+ Functions or methods being mocked will have their arguments checked
+ to check that they are called with the correct signature.
+
+ If `spec_set` is True then attempting to set attributes that don't exist
+ on the spec object will raise an `AttributeError`.
+
+ If a class is used as a spec then the return value of the mock (the
+ instance of the class) will have the same spec. You can use a class as the
+ spec for an instance object by passing `instance=True`. The returned mock
+ will only be callable if instances of the mock are callable.
+
+ `create_autospec` also takes arbitrary keyword arguments that are passed to
+ the constructor of the created mock."""
+ if _is_list(spec):
+ # can't pass a list instance to the mock constructor as it will be
+ # interpreted as a list of strings
+ spec = type(spec)
+
+ is_type = isinstance(spec, ClassTypes)
+
+ _kwargs = {'spec': spec}
+ if spec_set:
+ _kwargs = {'spec_set': spec}
+ elif spec is None:
+ # None we mock with a normal mock without a spec
+ _kwargs = {}
+
+ _kwargs.update(kwargs)
+
+ Klass = MagicMock
+ if type(spec) in DescriptorTypes:
+ # descriptors don't have a spec
+ # because we don't know what type they return
+ _kwargs = {}
+ elif not _callable(spec):
+ Klass = NonCallableMagicMock
+ elif is_type and instance and not _instance_callable(spec):
+ Klass = NonCallableMagicMock
+
+ _new_name = _name
+ if _parent is None:
+ # for a top level object no _new_name should be set
+ _new_name = ''
+
+ mock = Klass(parent=_parent, _new_parent=_parent, _new_name=_new_name,
+ name=_name, **_kwargs)
+
+ if isinstance(spec, FunctionTypes):
+ # should only happen at the top level because we don't
+ # recurse for functions
+ mock = _set_signature(mock, spec)
+ else:
+ _check_signature(spec, mock, is_type, instance)
+
+ if _parent is not None and not instance:
+ _parent._mock_children[_name] = mock
+
+ if is_type and not instance and 'return_value' not in kwargs:
+ mock.return_value = create_autospec(spec, spec_set, instance=True,
+ _name='()', _parent=mock)
+
+ for entry in dir(spec):
+ if _is_magic(entry):
+ # MagicMock already does the useful magic methods for us
+ continue
+
+ if isinstance(spec, FunctionTypes) and entry in FunctionAttributes:
+ # allow a mock to actually be a function
+ continue
+
+ # XXXX do we need a better way of getting attributes without
+ # triggering code execution (?) Probably not - we need the actual
+ # object to mock it so we would rather trigger a property than mock
+ # the property descriptor. Likewise we want to mock out dynamically
+ # provided attributes.
+ # XXXX what about attributes that raise exceptions other than
+ # AttributeError on being fetched?
+ # we could be resilient against it, or catch and propagate the
+ # exception when the attribute is fetched from the mock
+ try:
+ original = getattr(spec, entry)
+ except AttributeError:
+ continue
+
+ kwargs = {'spec': original}
+ if spec_set:
+ kwargs = {'spec_set': original}
+
+ if not isinstance(original, FunctionTypes):
+ new = _SpecState(original, spec_set, mock, entry, instance)
+ mock._mock_children[entry] = new
+ else:
+ parent = mock
+ if isinstance(spec, FunctionTypes):
+ parent = mock.mock
+
+ new = MagicMock(parent=parent, name=entry, _new_name=entry,
+ _new_parent=parent, **kwargs)
+ mock._mock_children[entry] = new
+ skipfirst = _must_skip(spec, entry, is_type)
+ _check_signature(original, new, skipfirst=skipfirst)
+
+ # so functions created with _set_signature become instance attributes,
+ # *plus* their underlying mock exists in _mock_children of the parent
+ # mock. Adding to _mock_children may be unnecessary where we are also
+ # setting as an instance attribute?
+ if isinstance(new, FunctionTypes):
+ setattr(mock, entry, new)
+
+ return mock
+
+
+def _must_skip(spec, entry, is_type):
+ if not isinstance(spec, ClassTypes):
+ if entry in getattr(spec, '__dict__', {}):
+ # instance attribute - shouldn't skip
+ return False
+ spec = spec.__class__
+ if not hasattr(spec, '__mro__'):
+ # old style class: can't have descriptors anyway
+ return is_type
+
+ for klass in spec.__mro__:
+ result = klass.__dict__.get(entry, DEFAULT)
+ if result is DEFAULT:
+ continue
+ if isinstance(result, (staticmethod, classmethod)):
+ return False
+ return is_type
+
+ # shouldn't get here unless function is a dynamically provided attribute
+ # XXXX untested behaviour
+ return is_type
+
+
+def _get_class(obj):
+ try:
+ return obj.__class__
+ except AttributeError:
+ # in Python 2, _sre.SRE_Pattern objects have no __class__
+ return type(obj)
+
+
+class _SpecState(object):
+
+ def __init__(self, spec, spec_set=False, parent=None,
+ name=None, ids=None, instance=False):
+ self.spec = spec
+ self.ids = ids
+ self.spec_set = spec_set
+ self.parent = parent
+ self.instance = instance
+ self.name = name
+
+
+FunctionTypes = (
+ # python function
+ type(create_autospec),
+ # instance method
+ type(ANY.__eq__),
+ # unbound method
+ type(_ANY.__eq__),
+)
+
+FunctionAttributes = set([
+ 'func_closure',
+ 'func_code',
+ 'func_defaults',
+ 'func_dict',
+ 'func_doc',
+ 'func_globals',
+ 'func_name',
+])
+
+
+file_spec = None
+
+
+def mock_open(mock=None, read_data=''):
+ """
+ A helper function to create a mock to replace the use of `open`. It works
+ for `open` called directly or used as a context manager.
+
+ The `mock` argument is the mock object to configure. If `None` (the
+ default) then a `MagicMock` will be created for you, with the API limited
+ to methods or attributes available on standard file handles.
+
+ `read_data` is a string for the `read` method of the file handle to return.
+ This is an empty string by default.
+ """
+ global file_spec
+ if file_spec is None:
+ # set on first use
+ if inPy3k:
+ import _io
+ file_spec = list(set(dir(_io.TextIOWrapper)).union(set(dir(_io.BytesIO))))
+ else:
+ file_spec = file
+
+ if mock is None:
+ mock = MagicMock(name='open', spec=open)
+
+ handle = MagicMock(spec=file_spec)
+ handle.write.return_value = None
+ handle.__enter__.return_value = handle
+ handle.read.return_value = read_data
+
+ mock.return_value = handle
+ return mock
+
+
+class PropertyMock(Mock):
+ """
+ A mock intended to be used as a property, or other descriptor, on a class.
+ `PropertyMock` provides `__get__` and `__set__` methods so you can specify
+ a return value when it is fetched.
+
+ Fetching a `PropertyMock` instance from an object calls the mock, with
+ no args. Setting it calls the mock with the value being set.
+ """
+ def _get_child_mock(self, **kwargs):
+ return MagicMock(**kwargs)
+
+ def __get__(self, obj, obj_type):
+ return self()
+ def __set__(self, obj, val):
+ self(val)
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/setup.cfg b/python/mock-1.0.0/setup.cfg
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..00948b7e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/setup.cfg
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+[build_sphinx]
+source-dir = docs
+build-dir = html
+
+[sdist]
+force-manifest = 1
+
+[egg_info]
+tag_build =
+tag_date = 0
+tag_svn_revision = 0
+
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/setup.py b/python/mock-1.0.0/setup.py
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..7c25e8f2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/setup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env python
+
+# Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Michael Foord & the mock team
+# E-mail: fuzzyman AT voidspace DOT org DOT uk
+# http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/
+
+from mock import __version__
+
+import os
+
+
+NAME = 'mock'
+MODULES = ['mock']
+DESCRIPTION = 'A Python Mocking and Patching Library for Testing'
+
+URL = "http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/"
+
+readme = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'README.txt')
+LONG_DESCRIPTION = open(readme).read()
+
+CLASSIFIERS = [
+ 'Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable',
+ 'Environment :: Console',
+ 'Intended Audience :: Developers',
+ 'License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License',
+ 'Programming Language :: Python',
+ 'Programming Language :: Python :: 2',
+ 'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
+ 'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.4',
+ 'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.5',
+ 'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.6',
+ 'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7',
+ 'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.1',
+ 'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.2',
+ 'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython',
+ 'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy',
+ 'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: Jython',
+ 'Operating System :: OS Independent',
+ 'Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries',
+ 'Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules',
+ 'Topic :: Software Development :: Testing',
+]
+
+AUTHOR = 'Michael Foord'
+AUTHOR_EMAIL = 'michael@voidspace.org.uk'
+KEYWORDS = ("testing test mock mocking unittest patching "
+ "stubs fakes doubles").split(' ')
+
+params = dict(
+ name=NAME,
+ version=__version__,
+ py_modules=MODULES,
+
+ # metadata for upload to PyPI
+ author=AUTHOR,
+ author_email=AUTHOR_EMAIL,
+ description=DESCRIPTION,
+ long_description=LONG_DESCRIPTION,
+ keywords=KEYWORDS,
+ url=URL,
+ classifiers=CLASSIFIERS,
+)
+
+try:
+ from setuptools import setup
+except ImportError:
+ from distutils.core import setup
+else:
+ params['tests_require'] = ['unittest2']
+ params['test_suite'] = 'unittest2.collector'
+
+setup(**params)
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/__init__.py b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..54ddf2ecc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Michael Foord & the mock team
+# E-mail: fuzzyman AT voidspace DOT org DOT uk
+# http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/_testwith.py b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/_testwith.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0b54780b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/_testwith.py
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Michael Foord & the mock team
+# E-mail: fuzzyman AT voidspace DOT org DOT uk
+# http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/
+
+from __future__ import with_statement
+
+from tests.support import unittest2, is_instance
+
+from mock import MagicMock, Mock, patch, sentinel, mock_open, call
+
+from tests.support_with import catch_warnings, nested
+
+something = sentinel.Something
+something_else = sentinel.SomethingElse
+
+
+
+class WithTest(unittest2.TestCase):
+
+ def test_with_statement(self):
+ with patch('tests._testwith.something', sentinel.Something2):
+ self.assertEqual(something, sentinel.Something2, "unpatched")
+ self.assertEqual(something, sentinel.Something)
+
+
+ def test_with_statement_exception(self):
+ try:
+ with patch('tests._testwith.something', sentinel.Something2):
+ self.assertEqual(something, sentinel.Something2, "unpatched")
+ raise Exception('pow')
+ except Exception:
+ pass
+ else:
+ self.fail("patch swallowed exception")
+ self.assertEqual(something, sentinel.Something)
+
+
+ def test_with_statement_as(self):
+ with patch('tests._testwith.something') as mock_something:
+ self.assertEqual(something, mock_something, "unpatched")
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(mock_something, MagicMock),
+ "patching wrong type")
+ self.assertEqual(something, sentinel.Something)
+
+
+ def test_patch_object_with_statement(self):
+ class Foo(object):
+ something = 'foo'
+ original = Foo.something
+ with patch.object(Foo, 'something'):
+ self.assertNotEqual(Foo.something, original, "unpatched")
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.something, original)
+
+
+ def test_with_statement_nested(self):
+ with catch_warnings(record=True):
+ # nested is deprecated in Python 2.7
+ with nested(patch('tests._testwith.something'),
+ patch('tests._testwith.something_else')) as (mock_something, mock_something_else):
+ self.assertEqual(something, mock_something, "unpatched")
+ self.assertEqual(something_else, mock_something_else,
+ "unpatched")
+ self.assertEqual(something, sentinel.Something)
+ self.assertEqual(something_else, sentinel.SomethingElse)
+
+
+ def test_with_statement_specified(self):
+ with patch('tests._testwith.something', sentinel.Patched) as mock_something:
+ self.assertEqual(something, mock_something, "unpatched")
+ self.assertEqual(mock_something, sentinel.Patched, "wrong patch")
+ self.assertEqual(something, sentinel.Something)
+
+
+ def testContextManagerMocking(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock.__enter__ = Mock()
+ mock.__exit__ = Mock()
+ mock.__exit__.return_value = False
+
+ with mock as m:
+ self.assertEqual(m, mock.__enter__.return_value)
+ mock.__enter__.assert_called_with()
+ mock.__exit__.assert_called_with(None, None, None)
+
+
+ def test_context_manager_with_magic_mock(self):
+ mock = MagicMock()
+
+ with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+ with mock:
+ 'foo' + 3
+ mock.__enter__.assert_called_with()
+ self.assertTrue(mock.__exit__.called)
+
+
+ def test_with_statement_same_attribute(self):
+ with patch('tests._testwith.something', sentinel.Patched) as mock_something:
+ self.assertEqual(something, mock_something, "unpatched")
+
+ with patch('tests._testwith.something') as mock_again:
+ self.assertEqual(something, mock_again, "unpatched")
+
+ self.assertEqual(something, mock_something,
+ "restored with wrong instance")
+
+ self.assertEqual(something, sentinel.Something, "not restored")
+
+
+ def test_with_statement_imbricated(self):
+ with patch('tests._testwith.something') as mock_something:
+ self.assertEqual(something, mock_something, "unpatched")
+
+ with patch('tests._testwith.something_else') as mock_something_else:
+ self.assertEqual(something_else, mock_something_else,
+ "unpatched")
+
+ self.assertEqual(something, sentinel.Something)
+ self.assertEqual(something_else, sentinel.SomethingElse)
+
+
+ def test_dict_context_manager(self):
+ foo = {}
+ with patch.dict(foo, {'a': 'b'}):
+ self.assertEqual(foo, {'a': 'b'})
+ self.assertEqual(foo, {})
+
+ with self.assertRaises(NameError):
+ with patch.dict(foo, {'a': 'b'}):
+ self.assertEqual(foo, {'a': 'b'})
+ raise NameError('Konrad')
+
+ self.assertEqual(foo, {})
+
+
+
+class TestMockOpen(unittest2.TestCase):
+
+ def test_mock_open(self):
+ mock = mock_open()
+ with patch('%s.open' % __name__, mock, create=True) as patched:
+ self.assertIs(patched, mock)
+ open('foo')
+
+ mock.assert_called_once_with('foo')
+
+
+ def test_mock_open_context_manager(self):
+ mock = mock_open()
+ handle = mock.return_value
+ with patch('%s.open' % __name__, mock, create=True):
+ with open('foo') as f:
+ f.read()
+
+ expected_calls = [call('foo'), call().__enter__(), call().read(),
+ call().__exit__(None, None, None)]
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, expected_calls)
+ self.assertIs(f, handle)
+
+
+ def test_explicit_mock(self):
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ mock_open(mock)
+
+ with patch('%s.open' % __name__, mock, create=True) as patched:
+ self.assertIs(patched, mock)
+ open('foo')
+
+ mock.assert_called_once_with('foo')
+
+
+ def test_read_data(self):
+ mock = mock_open(read_data='foo')
+ with patch('%s.open' % __name__, mock, create=True):
+ h = open('bar')
+ result = h.read()
+
+ self.assertEqual(result, 'foo')
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+ unittest2.main()
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/support.py b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/support.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1b10c3428
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/support.py
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+import sys
+
+info = sys.version_info
+if info[:3] >= (3, 2, 0):
+ # for Python 3.2 ordinary unittest is fine
+ import unittest as unittest2
+else:
+ import unittest2
+
+
+try:
+ callable = callable
+except NameError:
+ def callable(obj):
+ return hasattr(obj, '__call__')
+
+
+inPy3k = sys.version_info[0] == 3
+with_available = sys.version_info[:2] >= (2, 5)
+
+
+def is_instance(obj, klass):
+ """Version of is_instance that doesn't access __class__"""
+ return issubclass(type(obj), klass)
+
+
+class SomeClass(object):
+ class_attribute = None
+
+ def wibble(self):
+ pass
+
+
+class X(object):
+ pass
+
+try:
+ next = next
+except NameError:
+ def next(obj):
+ return obj.next()
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/support_with.py b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/support_with.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fa286122c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/support_with.py
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+from __future__ import with_statement
+
+import sys
+
+__all__ = ['nested', 'catch_warnings', 'examine_warnings']
+
+
+try:
+ from contextlib import nested
+except ImportError:
+ from contextlib import contextmanager
+ @contextmanager
+ def nested(*managers):
+ exits = []
+ vars = []
+ exc = (None, None, None)
+ try:
+ for mgr in managers:
+ exit = mgr.__exit__
+ enter = mgr.__enter__
+ vars.append(enter())
+ exits.append(exit)
+ yield vars
+ except:
+ exc = sys.exc_info()
+ finally:
+ while exits:
+ exit = exits.pop()
+ try:
+ if exit(*exc):
+ exc = (None, None, None)
+ except:
+ exc = sys.exc_info()
+ if exc != (None, None, None):
+ raise exc[1]
+
+# copied from Python 2.6
+try:
+ from warnings import catch_warnings
+except ImportError:
+ class catch_warnings(object):
+ def __init__(self, record=False, module=None):
+ self._record = record
+ self._module = sys.modules['warnings']
+ self._entered = False
+
+ def __repr__(self):
+ args = []
+ if self._record:
+ args.append("record=True")
+ name = type(self).__name__
+ return "%s(%s)" % (name, ", ".join(args))
+
+ def __enter__(self):
+ if self._entered:
+ raise RuntimeError("Cannot enter %r twice" % self)
+ self._entered = True
+ self._filters = self._module.filters
+ self._module.filters = self._filters[:]
+ self._showwarning = self._module.showwarning
+ if self._record:
+ log = []
+ def showwarning(*args, **kwargs):
+ log.append(WarningMessage(*args, **kwargs))
+ self._module.showwarning = showwarning
+ return log
+ else:
+ return None
+
+ def __exit__(self, *exc_info):
+ if not self._entered:
+ raise RuntimeError("Cannot exit %r without entering first" % self)
+ self._module.filters = self._filters
+ self._module.showwarning = self._showwarning
+
+ class WarningMessage(object):
+ _WARNING_DETAILS = ("message", "category", "filename", "lineno", "file",
+ "line")
+ def __init__(self, message, category, filename, lineno, file=None,
+ line=None):
+ local_values = locals()
+ for attr in self._WARNING_DETAILS:
+ setattr(self, attr, local_values[attr])
+ self._category_name = None
+ if category.__name__:
+ self._category_name = category.__name__
+
+
+def examine_warnings(func):
+ def wrapper():
+ with catch_warnings(record=True) as ws:
+ func(ws)
+ return wrapper
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testcallable.py b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testcallable.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f7dcd5e1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testcallable.py
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Michael Foord & the mock team
+# E-mail: fuzzyman AT voidspace DOT org DOT uk
+# http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/
+
+from tests.support import is_instance, unittest2, X, SomeClass
+
+from mock import (
+ Mock, MagicMock, NonCallableMagicMock,
+ NonCallableMock, patch, create_autospec,
+ CallableMixin
+)
+
+
+
+class TestCallable(unittest2.TestCase):
+
+ def assertNotCallable(self, mock):
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(mock, NonCallableMagicMock))
+ self.assertFalse(is_instance(mock, CallableMixin))
+
+
+ def test_non_callable(self):
+ for mock in NonCallableMagicMock(), NonCallableMock():
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock)
+ self.assertFalse(hasattr(mock, '__call__'))
+ self.assertIn(mock.__class__.__name__, repr(mock))
+
+
+ def test_heirarchy(self):
+ self.assertTrue(issubclass(MagicMock, Mock))
+ self.assertTrue(issubclass(NonCallableMagicMock, NonCallableMock))
+
+
+ def test_attributes(self):
+ one = NonCallableMock()
+ self.assertTrue(issubclass(type(one.one), Mock))
+
+ two = NonCallableMagicMock()
+ self.assertTrue(issubclass(type(two.two), MagicMock))
+
+
+ def test_subclasses(self):
+ class MockSub(Mock):
+ pass
+
+ one = MockSub()
+ self.assertTrue(issubclass(type(one.one), MockSub))
+
+ class MagicSub(MagicMock):
+ pass
+
+ two = MagicSub()
+ self.assertTrue(issubclass(type(two.two), MagicSub))
+
+
+ def test_patch_spec(self):
+ patcher = patch('%s.X' % __name__, spec=True)
+ mock = patcher.start()
+ self.addCleanup(patcher.stop)
+
+ instance = mock()
+ mock.assert_called_once_with()
+
+ self.assertNotCallable(instance)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, instance)
+
+
+ def test_patch_spec_set(self):
+ patcher = patch('%s.X' % __name__, spec_set=True)
+ mock = patcher.start()
+ self.addCleanup(patcher.stop)
+
+ instance = mock()
+ mock.assert_called_once_with()
+
+ self.assertNotCallable(instance)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, instance)
+
+
+ def test_patch_spec_instance(self):
+ patcher = patch('%s.X' % __name__, spec=X())
+ mock = patcher.start()
+ self.addCleanup(patcher.stop)
+
+ self.assertNotCallable(mock)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock)
+
+
+ def test_patch_spec_set_instance(self):
+ patcher = patch('%s.X' % __name__, spec_set=X())
+ mock = patcher.start()
+ self.addCleanup(patcher.stop)
+
+ self.assertNotCallable(mock)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock)
+
+
+ def test_patch_spec_callable_class(self):
+ class CallableX(X):
+ def __call__(self):
+ pass
+
+ class Sub(CallableX):
+ pass
+
+ class Multi(SomeClass, Sub):
+ pass
+
+ class OldStyle:
+ def __call__(self):
+ pass
+
+ class OldStyleSub(OldStyle):
+ pass
+
+ for arg in 'spec', 'spec_set':
+ for Klass in CallableX, Sub, Multi, OldStyle, OldStyleSub:
+ patcher = patch('%s.X' % __name__, **{arg: Klass})
+ mock = patcher.start()
+
+ try:
+ instance = mock()
+ mock.assert_called_once_with()
+
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(instance, MagicMock))
+ # inherited spec
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, instance,
+ 'foobarbaz')
+
+ result = instance()
+ # instance is callable, result has no spec
+ instance.assert_called_once_with()
+
+ result(3, 2, 1)
+ result.assert_called_once_with(3, 2, 1)
+ result.foo(3, 2, 1)
+ result.foo.assert_called_once_with(3, 2, 1)
+ finally:
+ patcher.stop()
+
+
+ def test_create_autopsec(self):
+ mock = create_autospec(X)
+ instance = mock()
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, instance)
+
+ mock = create_autospec(X())
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock)
+
+
+ def test_create_autospec_instance(self):
+ mock = create_autospec(SomeClass, instance=True)
+
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock)
+ mock.wibble()
+ mock.wibble.assert_called_once_with()
+
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock.wibble, 'some', 'args')
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testhelpers.py b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testhelpers.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e788da844
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testhelpers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,940 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Michael Foord & the mock team
+# E-mail: fuzzyman AT voidspace DOT org DOT uk
+# http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/
+
+from tests.support import unittest2, inPy3k
+
+from mock import (
+ call, _Call, create_autospec, MagicMock,
+ Mock, ANY, _CallList, patch, PropertyMock
+)
+
+from datetime import datetime
+
+class SomeClass(object):
+ def one(self, a, b):
+ pass
+ def two(self):
+ pass
+ def three(self, a=None):
+ pass
+
+
+
+class AnyTest(unittest2.TestCase):
+
+ def test_any(self):
+ self.assertEqual(ANY, object())
+
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock(ANY)
+ mock.assert_called_with(ANY)
+
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock(foo=ANY)
+ mock.assert_called_with(foo=ANY)
+
+ def test_repr(self):
+ self.assertEqual(repr(ANY), '<ANY>')
+ self.assertEqual(str(ANY), '<ANY>')
+
+
+ def test_any_and_datetime(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock(datetime.now(), foo=datetime.now())
+
+ mock.assert_called_with(ANY, foo=ANY)
+
+
+ def test_any_mock_calls_comparison_order(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ d = datetime.now()
+ class Foo(object):
+ def __eq__(self, other):
+ return False
+ def __ne__(self, other):
+ return True
+
+ for d in datetime.now(), Foo():
+ mock.reset_mock()
+
+ mock(d, foo=d, bar=d)
+ mock.method(d, zinga=d, alpha=d)
+ mock().method(a1=d, z99=d)
+
+ expected = [
+ call(ANY, foo=ANY, bar=ANY),
+ call.method(ANY, zinga=ANY, alpha=ANY),
+ call(), call().method(a1=ANY, z99=ANY)
+ ]
+ self.assertEqual(expected, mock.mock_calls)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, expected)
+
+
+
+class CallTest(unittest2.TestCase):
+
+ def test_call_with_call(self):
+ kall = _Call()
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call())
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(('',)))
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(((),)))
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(({},)))
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(('', ())))
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(('', {})))
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(('', (), {})))
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(('foo',)))
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(('bar', ())))
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(('baz', {})))
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(('spam', (), {})))
+
+ kall = _Call(((1, 2, 3),))
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(((1, 2, 3),)))
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(('', (1, 2, 3))))
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(((1, 2, 3), {})))
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(('', (1, 2, 3), {})))
+
+ kall = _Call(((1, 2, 4),))
+ self.assertNotEqual(kall, _Call(('', (1, 2, 3))))
+ self.assertNotEqual(kall, _Call(('', (1, 2, 3), {})))
+
+ kall = _Call(('foo', (1, 2, 4),))
+ self.assertNotEqual(kall, _Call(('', (1, 2, 4))))
+ self.assertNotEqual(kall, _Call(('', (1, 2, 4), {})))
+ self.assertNotEqual(kall, _Call(('bar', (1, 2, 4))))
+ self.assertNotEqual(kall, _Call(('bar', (1, 2, 4), {})))
+
+ kall = _Call(({'a': 3},))
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(('', (), {'a': 3})))
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(('', {'a': 3})))
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(((), {'a': 3})))
+ self.assertEqual(kall, _Call(({'a': 3},)))
+
+
+ def test_empty__Call(self):
+ args = _Call()
+
+ self.assertEqual(args, ())
+ self.assertEqual(args, ('foo',))
+ self.assertEqual(args, ((),))
+ self.assertEqual(args, ('foo', ()))
+ self.assertEqual(args, ('foo',(), {}))
+ self.assertEqual(args, ('foo', {}))
+ self.assertEqual(args, ({},))
+
+
+ def test_named_empty_call(self):
+ args = _Call(('foo', (), {}))
+
+ self.assertEqual(args, ('foo',))
+ self.assertEqual(args, ('foo', ()))
+ self.assertEqual(args, ('foo',(), {}))
+ self.assertEqual(args, ('foo', {}))
+
+ self.assertNotEqual(args, ((),))
+ self.assertNotEqual(args, ())
+ self.assertNotEqual(args, ({},))
+ self.assertNotEqual(args, ('bar',))
+ self.assertNotEqual(args, ('bar', ()))
+ self.assertNotEqual(args, ('bar', {}))
+
+
+ def test_call_with_args(self):
+ args = _Call(((1, 2, 3), {}))
+
+ self.assertEqual(args, ((1, 2, 3),))
+ self.assertEqual(args, ('foo', (1, 2, 3)))
+ self.assertEqual(args, ('foo', (1, 2, 3), {}))
+ self.assertEqual(args, ((1, 2, 3), {}))
+
+
+ def test_named_call_with_args(self):
+ args = _Call(('foo', (1, 2, 3), {}))
+
+ self.assertEqual(args, ('foo', (1, 2, 3)))
+ self.assertEqual(args, ('foo', (1, 2, 3), {}))
+
+ self.assertNotEqual(args, ((1, 2, 3),))
+ self.assertNotEqual(args, ((1, 2, 3), {}))
+
+
+ def test_call_with_kwargs(self):
+ args = _Call(((), dict(a=3, b=4)))
+
+ self.assertEqual(args, (dict(a=3, b=4),))
+ self.assertEqual(args, ('foo', dict(a=3, b=4)))
+ self.assertEqual(args, ('foo', (), dict(a=3, b=4)))
+ self.assertEqual(args, ((), dict(a=3, b=4)))
+
+
+ def test_named_call_with_kwargs(self):
+ args = _Call(('foo', (), dict(a=3, b=4)))
+
+ self.assertEqual(args, ('foo', dict(a=3, b=4)))
+ self.assertEqual(args, ('foo', (), dict(a=3, b=4)))
+
+ self.assertNotEqual(args, (dict(a=3, b=4),))
+ self.assertNotEqual(args, ((), dict(a=3, b=4)))
+
+
+ def test_call_with_args_call_empty_name(self):
+ args = _Call(((1, 2, 3), {}))
+ self.assertEqual(args, call(1, 2, 3))
+ self.assertEqual(call(1, 2, 3), args)
+ self.assertTrue(call(1, 2, 3) in [args])
+
+
+ def test_call_ne(self):
+ self.assertNotEqual(_Call(((1, 2, 3),)), call(1, 2))
+ self.assertFalse(_Call(((1, 2, 3),)) != call(1, 2, 3))
+ self.assertTrue(_Call(((1, 2), {})) != call(1, 2, 3))
+
+
+ def test_call_non_tuples(self):
+ kall = _Call(((1, 2, 3),))
+ for value in 1, None, self, int:
+ self.assertNotEqual(kall, value)
+ self.assertFalse(kall == value)
+
+
+ def test_repr(self):
+ self.assertEqual(repr(_Call()), 'call()')
+ self.assertEqual(repr(_Call(('foo',))), 'call.foo()')
+
+ self.assertEqual(repr(_Call(((1, 2, 3), {'a': 'b'}))),
+ "call(1, 2, 3, a='b')")
+ self.assertEqual(repr(_Call(('bar', (1, 2, 3), {'a': 'b'}))),
+ "call.bar(1, 2, 3, a='b')")
+
+ self.assertEqual(repr(call), 'call')
+ self.assertEqual(str(call), 'call')
+
+ self.assertEqual(repr(call()), 'call()')
+ self.assertEqual(repr(call(1)), 'call(1)')
+ self.assertEqual(repr(call(zz='thing')), "call(zz='thing')")
+
+ self.assertEqual(repr(call().foo), 'call().foo')
+ self.assertEqual(repr(call(1).foo.bar(a=3).bing),
+ 'call().foo.bar().bing')
+ self.assertEqual(
+ repr(call().foo(1, 2, a=3)),
+ "call().foo(1, 2, a=3)"
+ )
+ self.assertEqual(repr(call()()), "call()()")
+ self.assertEqual(repr(call(1)(2)), "call()(2)")
+ self.assertEqual(
+ repr(call()().bar().baz.beep(1)),
+ "call()().bar().baz.beep(1)"
+ )
+
+
+ def test_call(self):
+ self.assertEqual(call(), ('', (), {}))
+ self.assertEqual(call('foo', 'bar', one=3, two=4),
+ ('', ('foo', 'bar'), {'one': 3, 'two': 4}))
+
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock(1, 2, 3)
+ mock(a=3, b=6)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.call_args_list,
+ [call(1, 2, 3), call(a=3, b=6)])
+
+ def test_attribute_call(self):
+ self.assertEqual(call.foo(1), ('foo', (1,), {}))
+ self.assertEqual(call.bar.baz(fish='eggs'),
+ ('bar.baz', (), {'fish': 'eggs'}))
+
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock.foo(1, 2 ,3)
+ mock.bar.baz(a=3, b=6)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.method_calls,
+ [call.foo(1, 2, 3), call.bar.baz(a=3, b=6)])
+
+
+ def test_extended_call(self):
+ result = call(1).foo(2).bar(3, a=4)
+ self.assertEqual(result, ('().foo().bar', (3,), dict(a=4)))
+
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ mock(1, 2, a=3, b=4)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.call_args, call(1, 2, a=3, b=4))
+ self.assertNotEqual(mock.call_args, call(1, 2, 3))
+
+ self.assertEqual(mock.call_args_list, [call(1, 2, a=3, b=4)])
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, [call(1, 2, a=3, b=4)])
+
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ mock.foo(1).bar()().baz.beep(a=6)
+
+ last_call = call.foo(1).bar()().baz.beep(a=6)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls[-1], last_call)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, last_call.call_list())
+
+
+ def test_call_list(self):
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ mock(1)
+ self.assertEqual(call(1).call_list(), mock.mock_calls)
+
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ mock(1).method(2)
+ self.assertEqual(call(1).method(2).call_list(),
+ mock.mock_calls)
+
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ mock(1).method(2)(3)
+ self.assertEqual(call(1).method(2)(3).call_list(),
+ mock.mock_calls)
+
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ int(mock(1).method(2)(3).foo.bar.baz(4)(5))
+ kall = call(1).method(2)(3).foo.bar.baz(4)(5).__int__()
+ self.assertEqual(kall.call_list(), mock.mock_calls)
+
+
+ def test_call_any(self):
+ self.assertEqual(call, ANY)
+
+ m = MagicMock()
+ int(m)
+ self.assertEqual(m.mock_calls, [ANY])
+ self.assertEqual([ANY], m.mock_calls)
+
+
+ def test_two_args_call(self):
+ args = _Call(((1, 2), {'a': 3}), two=True)
+ self.assertEqual(len(args), 2)
+ self.assertEqual(args[0], (1, 2))
+ self.assertEqual(args[1], {'a': 3})
+
+ other_args = _Call(((1, 2), {'a': 3}))
+ self.assertEqual(args, other_args)
+
+
+class SpecSignatureTest(unittest2.TestCase):
+
+ def _check_someclass_mock(self, mock):
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, mock, 'foo')
+ mock.one(1, 2)
+ mock.one.assert_called_with(1, 2)
+ self.assertRaises(AssertionError,
+ mock.one.assert_called_with, 3, 4)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock.one, 1)
+
+ mock.two()
+ mock.two.assert_called_with()
+ self.assertRaises(AssertionError,
+ mock.two.assert_called_with, 3)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock.two, 1)
+
+ mock.three()
+ mock.three.assert_called_with()
+ self.assertRaises(AssertionError,
+ mock.three.assert_called_with, 3)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock.three, 3, 2)
+
+ mock.three(1)
+ mock.three.assert_called_with(1)
+
+ mock.three(a=1)
+ mock.three.assert_called_with(a=1)
+
+
+ def test_basic(self):
+ for spec in (SomeClass, SomeClass()):
+ mock = create_autospec(spec)
+ self._check_someclass_mock(mock)
+
+
+ def test_create_autospec_return_value(self):
+ def f():
+ pass
+ mock = create_autospec(f, return_value='foo')
+ self.assertEqual(mock(), 'foo')
+
+ class Foo(object):
+ pass
+
+ mock = create_autospec(Foo, return_value='foo')
+ self.assertEqual(mock(), 'foo')
+
+
+ def test_autospec_reset_mock(self):
+ m = create_autospec(int)
+ int(m)
+ m.reset_mock()
+ self.assertEqual(m.__int__.call_count, 0)
+
+
+ def test_mocking_unbound_methods(self):
+ class Foo(object):
+ def foo(self, foo):
+ pass
+ p = patch.object(Foo, 'foo')
+ mock_foo = p.start()
+ Foo().foo(1)
+
+ mock_foo.assert_called_with(1)
+
+
+ @unittest2.expectedFailure
+ def test_create_autospec_unbound_methods(self):
+ # see issue 128
+ class Foo(object):
+ def foo(self):
+ pass
+
+ klass = create_autospec(Foo)
+ instance = klass()
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, instance.foo, 1)
+
+ # Note: no type checking on the "self" parameter
+ klass.foo(1)
+ klass.foo.assert_called_with(1)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, klass.foo)
+
+
+ def test_create_autospec_keyword_arguments(self):
+ class Foo(object):
+ a = 3
+ m = create_autospec(Foo, a='3')
+ self.assertEqual(m.a, '3')
+
+ @unittest2.skipUnless(inPy3k, "Keyword only arguments Python 3 specific")
+ def test_create_autospec_keyword_only_arguments(self):
+ func_def = "def foo(a, *, b=None):\n pass\n"
+ namespace = {}
+ exec (func_def, namespace)
+ foo = namespace['foo']
+
+ m = create_autospec(foo)
+ m(1)
+ m.assert_called_with(1)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, m, 1, 2)
+
+ m(2, b=3)
+ m.assert_called_with(2, b=3)
+
+ def test_function_as_instance_attribute(self):
+ obj = SomeClass()
+ def f(a):
+ pass
+ obj.f = f
+
+ mock = create_autospec(obj)
+ mock.f('bing')
+ mock.f.assert_called_with('bing')
+
+
+ def test_spec_as_list(self):
+ # because spec as a list of strings in the mock constructor means
+ # something very different we treat a list instance as the type.
+ mock = create_autospec([])
+ mock.append('foo')
+ mock.append.assert_called_with('foo')
+
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, mock, 'foo')
+
+ class Foo(object):
+ foo = []
+
+ mock = create_autospec(Foo)
+ mock.foo.append(3)
+ mock.foo.append.assert_called_with(3)
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, mock.foo, 'foo')
+
+
+ def test_attributes(self):
+ class Sub(SomeClass):
+ attr = SomeClass()
+
+ sub_mock = create_autospec(Sub)
+
+ for mock in (sub_mock, sub_mock.attr):
+ self._check_someclass_mock(mock)
+
+
+ def test_builtin_functions_types(self):
+ # we could replace builtin functions / methods with a function
+ # with *args / **kwargs signature. Using the builtin method type
+ # as a spec seems to work fairly well though.
+ class BuiltinSubclass(list):
+ def bar(self, arg):
+ pass
+ sorted = sorted
+ attr = {}
+
+ mock = create_autospec(BuiltinSubclass)
+ mock.append(3)
+ mock.append.assert_called_with(3)
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, mock.append, 'foo')
+
+ mock.bar('foo')
+ mock.bar.assert_called_with('foo')
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock.bar, 'foo', 'bar')
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, mock.bar, 'foo')
+
+ mock.sorted([1, 2])
+ mock.sorted.assert_called_with([1, 2])
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, mock.sorted, 'foo')
+
+ mock.attr.pop(3)
+ mock.attr.pop.assert_called_with(3)
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, mock.attr, 'foo')
+
+
+ def test_method_calls(self):
+ class Sub(SomeClass):
+ attr = SomeClass()
+
+ mock = create_autospec(Sub)
+ mock.one(1, 2)
+ mock.two()
+ mock.three(3)
+
+ expected = [call.one(1, 2), call.two(), call.three(3)]
+ self.assertEqual(mock.method_calls, expected)
+
+ mock.attr.one(1, 2)
+ mock.attr.two()
+ mock.attr.three(3)
+
+ expected.extend(
+ [call.attr.one(1, 2), call.attr.two(), call.attr.three(3)]
+ )
+ self.assertEqual(mock.method_calls, expected)
+
+
+ def test_magic_methods(self):
+ class BuiltinSubclass(list):
+ attr = {}
+
+ mock = create_autospec(BuiltinSubclass)
+ self.assertEqual(list(mock), [])
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, int, mock)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, int, mock.attr)
+ self.assertEqual(list(mock), [])
+
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock['foo'], MagicMock)
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock.attr['foo'], MagicMock)
+
+
+ def test_spec_set(self):
+ class Sub(SomeClass):
+ attr = SomeClass()
+
+ for spec in (Sub, Sub()):
+ mock = create_autospec(spec, spec_set=True)
+ self._check_someclass_mock(mock)
+
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, setattr, mock, 'foo', 'bar')
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, setattr, mock.attr, 'foo', 'bar')
+
+
+ def test_descriptors(self):
+ class Foo(object):
+ @classmethod
+ def f(cls, a, b):
+ pass
+ @staticmethod
+ def g(a, b):
+ pass
+
+ class Bar(Foo):
+ pass
+
+ class Baz(SomeClass, Bar):
+ pass
+
+ for spec in (Foo, Foo(), Bar, Bar(), Baz, Baz()):
+ mock = create_autospec(spec)
+ mock.f(1, 2)
+ mock.f.assert_called_once_with(1, 2)
+
+ mock.g(3, 4)
+ mock.g.assert_called_once_with(3, 4)
+
+
+ @unittest2.skipIf(inPy3k, "No old style classes in Python 3")
+ def test_old_style_classes(self):
+ class Foo:
+ def f(self, a, b):
+ pass
+
+ class Bar(Foo):
+ g = Foo()
+
+ for spec in (Foo, Foo(), Bar, Bar()):
+ mock = create_autospec(spec)
+ mock.f(1, 2)
+ mock.f.assert_called_once_with(1, 2)
+
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, mock, 'foo')
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, mock.f, 'foo')
+
+ mock.g.f(1, 2)
+ mock.g.f.assert_called_once_with(1, 2)
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, mock.g, 'foo')
+
+
+ def test_recursive(self):
+ class A(object):
+ def a(self):
+ pass
+ foo = 'foo bar baz'
+ bar = foo
+
+ A.B = A
+ mock = create_autospec(A)
+
+ mock()
+ self.assertFalse(mock.B.called)
+
+ mock.a()
+ mock.B.a()
+ self.assertEqual(mock.method_calls, [call.a(), call.B.a()])
+
+ self.assertIs(A.foo, A.bar)
+ self.assertIsNot(mock.foo, mock.bar)
+ mock.foo.lower()
+ self.assertRaises(AssertionError, mock.bar.lower.assert_called_with)
+
+
+ def test_spec_inheritance_for_classes(self):
+ class Foo(object):
+ def a(self):
+ pass
+ class Bar(object):
+ def f(self):
+ pass
+
+ class_mock = create_autospec(Foo)
+
+ self.assertIsNot(class_mock, class_mock())
+
+ for this_mock in class_mock, class_mock():
+ this_mock.a()
+ this_mock.a.assert_called_with()
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, this_mock.a, 'foo')
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, this_mock, 'b')
+
+ instance_mock = create_autospec(Foo())
+ instance_mock.a()
+ instance_mock.a.assert_called_with()
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, instance_mock.a, 'foo')
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, instance_mock, 'b')
+
+ # The return value isn't isn't callable
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, instance_mock)
+
+ instance_mock.Bar.f()
+ instance_mock.Bar.f.assert_called_with()
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, instance_mock.Bar, 'g')
+
+ instance_mock.Bar().f()
+ instance_mock.Bar().f.assert_called_with()
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, instance_mock.Bar(), 'g')
+
+
+ def test_inherit(self):
+ class Foo(object):
+ a = 3
+
+ Foo.Foo = Foo
+
+ # class
+ mock = create_autospec(Foo)
+ instance = mock()
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, instance, 'b')
+
+ attr_instance = mock.Foo()
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, attr_instance, 'b')
+
+ # instance
+ mock = create_autospec(Foo())
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, mock, 'b')
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock)
+
+ # attribute instance
+ call_result = mock.Foo()
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, call_result, 'b')
+
+
+ def test_builtins(self):
+ # used to fail with infinite recursion
+ create_autospec(1)
+
+ create_autospec(int)
+ create_autospec('foo')
+ create_autospec(str)
+ create_autospec({})
+ create_autospec(dict)
+ create_autospec([])
+ create_autospec(list)
+ create_autospec(set())
+ create_autospec(set)
+ create_autospec(1.0)
+ create_autospec(float)
+ create_autospec(1j)
+ create_autospec(complex)
+ create_autospec(False)
+ create_autospec(True)
+
+
+ def test_function(self):
+ def f(a, b):
+ pass
+
+ mock = create_autospec(f)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock)
+ mock(1, 2)
+ mock.assert_called_with(1, 2)
+
+ f.f = f
+ mock = create_autospec(f)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock.f)
+ mock.f(3, 4)
+ mock.f.assert_called_with(3, 4)
+
+
+ def test_skip_attributeerrors(self):
+ class Raiser(object):
+ def __get__(self, obj, type=None):
+ if obj is None:
+ raise AttributeError('Can only be accessed via an instance')
+
+ class RaiserClass(object):
+ raiser = Raiser()
+
+ @staticmethod
+ def existing(a, b):
+ return a + b
+
+ s = create_autospec(RaiserClass)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda x: s.existing(1, 2, 3))
+ s.existing(1, 2)
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: s.nonexisting)
+
+ # check we can fetch the raiser attribute and it has no spec
+ obj = s.raiser
+ obj.foo, obj.bar
+
+
+ def test_signature_class(self):
+ class Foo(object):
+ def __init__(self, a, b=3):
+ pass
+
+ mock = create_autospec(Foo)
+
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock)
+ mock(1)
+ mock.assert_called_once_with(1)
+
+ mock(4, 5)
+ mock.assert_called_with(4, 5)
+
+
+ @unittest2.skipIf(inPy3k, 'no old style classes in Python 3')
+ def test_signature_old_style_class(self):
+ class Foo:
+ def __init__(self, a, b=3):
+ pass
+
+ mock = create_autospec(Foo)
+
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock)
+ mock(1)
+ mock.assert_called_once_with(1)
+
+ mock(4, 5)
+ mock.assert_called_with(4, 5)
+
+
+ def test_class_with_no_init(self):
+ # this used to raise an exception
+ # due to trying to get a signature from object.__init__
+ class Foo(object):
+ pass
+ create_autospec(Foo)
+
+
+ @unittest2.skipIf(inPy3k, 'no old style classes in Python 3')
+ def test_old_style_class_with_no_init(self):
+ # this used to raise an exception
+ # due to Foo.__init__ raising an AttributeError
+ class Foo:
+ pass
+ create_autospec(Foo)
+
+
+ def test_signature_callable(self):
+ class Callable(object):
+ def __init__(self):
+ pass
+ def __call__(self, a):
+ pass
+
+ mock = create_autospec(Callable)
+ mock()
+ mock.assert_called_once_with()
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock, 'a')
+
+ instance = mock()
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, instance)
+ instance(a='a')
+ instance.assert_called_once_with(a='a')
+ instance('a')
+ instance.assert_called_with('a')
+
+ mock = create_autospec(Callable())
+ mock(a='a')
+ mock.assert_called_once_with(a='a')
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock)
+ mock('a')
+ mock.assert_called_with('a')
+
+
+ def test_signature_noncallable(self):
+ class NonCallable(object):
+ def __init__(self):
+ pass
+
+ mock = create_autospec(NonCallable)
+ instance = mock()
+ mock.assert_called_once_with()
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock, 'a')
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, instance)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, instance, 'a')
+
+ mock = create_autospec(NonCallable())
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock, 'a')
+
+
+ def test_create_autospec_none(self):
+ class Foo(object):
+ bar = None
+
+ mock = create_autospec(Foo)
+ none = mock.bar
+ self.assertNotIsInstance(none, type(None))
+
+ none.foo()
+ none.foo.assert_called_once_with()
+
+
+ def test_autospec_functions_with_self_in_odd_place(self):
+ class Foo(object):
+ def f(a, self):
+ pass
+
+ a = create_autospec(Foo)
+ a.f(self=10)
+ a.f.assert_called_with(self=10)
+
+
+ def test_autospec_property(self):
+ class Foo(object):
+ @property
+ def foo(self):
+ return 3
+
+ foo = create_autospec(Foo)
+ mock_property = foo.foo
+
+ # no spec on properties
+ self.assertTrue(isinstance(mock_property, MagicMock))
+ mock_property(1, 2, 3)
+ mock_property.abc(4, 5, 6)
+ mock_property.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
+ mock_property.abc.assert_called_once_with(4, 5, 6)
+
+
+ def test_autospec_slots(self):
+ class Foo(object):
+ __slots__ = ['a']
+
+ foo = create_autospec(Foo)
+ mock_slot = foo.a
+
+ # no spec on slots
+ mock_slot(1, 2, 3)
+ mock_slot.abc(4, 5, 6)
+ mock_slot.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
+ mock_slot.abc.assert_called_once_with(4, 5, 6)
+
+
+class TestCallList(unittest2.TestCase):
+
+ def test_args_list_contains_call_list(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock.call_args_list, _CallList)
+
+ mock(1, 2)
+ mock(a=3)
+ mock(3, 4)
+ mock(b=6)
+
+ for kall in call(1, 2), call(a=3), call(3, 4), call(b=6):
+ self.assertTrue(kall in mock.call_args_list)
+
+ calls = [call(a=3), call(3, 4)]
+ self.assertTrue(calls in mock.call_args_list)
+ calls = [call(1, 2), call(a=3)]
+ self.assertTrue(calls in mock.call_args_list)
+ calls = [call(3, 4), call(b=6)]
+ self.assertTrue(calls in mock.call_args_list)
+ calls = [call(3, 4)]
+ self.assertTrue(calls in mock.call_args_list)
+
+ self.assertFalse(call('fish') in mock.call_args_list)
+ self.assertFalse([call('fish')] in mock.call_args_list)
+
+
+ def test_call_list_str(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock(1, 2)
+ mock.foo(a=3)
+ mock.foo.bar().baz('fish', cat='dog')
+
+ expected = (
+ "[call(1, 2),\n"
+ " call.foo(a=3),\n"
+ " call.foo.bar(),\n"
+ " call.foo.bar().baz('fish', cat='dog')]"
+ )
+ self.assertEqual(str(mock.mock_calls), expected)
+
+
+ def test_propertymock(self):
+ p = patch('%s.SomeClass.one' % __name__, new_callable=PropertyMock)
+ mock = p.start()
+ try:
+ SomeClass.one
+ mock.assert_called_once_with()
+
+ s = SomeClass()
+ s.one
+ mock.assert_called_with()
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, [call(), call()])
+
+ s.one = 3
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, [call(), call(), call(3)])
+ finally:
+ p.stop()
+
+
+ def test_propertymock_returnvalue(self):
+ m = MagicMock()
+ p = PropertyMock()
+ type(m).foo = p
+
+ returned = m.foo
+ p.assert_called_once_with()
+ self.assertIsInstance(returned, MagicMock)
+ self.assertNotIsInstance(returned, PropertyMock)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+ unittest2.main()
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testmagicmethods.py b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testmagicmethods.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ef0f16d82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testmagicmethods.py
@@ -0,0 +1,486 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Michael Foord & the mock team
+# E-mail: fuzzyman AT voidspace DOT org DOT uk
+# http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/
+
+from tests.support import unittest2, inPy3k
+
+try:
+ unicode
+except NameError:
+ # Python 3
+ unicode = str
+ long = int
+
+import inspect
+import sys
+from mock import Mock, MagicMock, _magics
+
+
+
+class TestMockingMagicMethods(unittest2.TestCase):
+
+ def test_deleting_magic_methods(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ self.assertFalse(hasattr(mock, '__getitem__'))
+
+ mock.__getitem__ = Mock()
+ self.assertTrue(hasattr(mock, '__getitem__'))
+
+ del mock.__getitem__
+ self.assertFalse(hasattr(mock, '__getitem__'))
+
+
+ def test_magicmock_del(self):
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ # before using getitem
+ del mock.__getitem__
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: mock['foo'])
+
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ # this time use it first
+ mock['foo']
+ del mock.__getitem__
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: mock['foo'])
+
+
+ def test_magic_method_wrapping(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ def f(self, name):
+ return self, 'fish'
+
+ mock.__getitem__ = f
+ self.assertFalse(mock.__getitem__ is f)
+ self.assertEqual(mock['foo'], (mock, 'fish'))
+ self.assertEqual(mock.__getitem__('foo'), (mock, 'fish'))
+
+ mock.__getitem__ = mock
+ self.assertTrue(mock.__getitem__ is mock)
+
+
+ def test_magic_methods_isolated_between_mocks(self):
+ mock1 = Mock()
+ mock2 = Mock()
+
+ mock1.__iter__ = Mock(return_value=iter([]))
+ self.assertEqual(list(mock1), [])
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: list(mock2))
+
+
+ def test_repr(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ self.assertEqual(repr(mock), "<Mock id='%s'>" % id(mock))
+ mock.__repr__ = lambda s: 'foo'
+ self.assertEqual(repr(mock), 'foo')
+
+
+ def test_str(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ self.assertEqual(str(mock), object.__str__(mock))
+ mock.__str__ = lambda s: 'foo'
+ self.assertEqual(str(mock), 'foo')
+
+
+ @unittest2.skipIf(inPy3k, "no unicode in Python 3")
+ def test_unicode(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ self.assertEqual(unicode(mock), unicode(str(mock)))
+
+ mock.__unicode__ = lambda s: unicode('foo')
+ self.assertEqual(unicode(mock), unicode('foo'))
+
+
+ def test_dict_methods(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: mock['foo'])
+ def _del():
+ del mock['foo']
+ def _set():
+ mock['foo'] = 3
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, _del)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, _set)
+
+ _dict = {}
+ def getitem(s, name):
+ return _dict[name]
+ def setitem(s, name, value):
+ _dict[name] = value
+ def delitem(s, name):
+ del _dict[name]
+
+ mock.__setitem__ = setitem
+ mock.__getitem__ = getitem
+ mock.__delitem__ = delitem
+
+ self.assertRaises(KeyError, lambda: mock['foo'])
+ mock['foo'] = 'bar'
+ self.assertEqual(_dict, {'foo': 'bar'})
+ self.assertEqual(mock['foo'], 'bar')
+ del mock['foo']
+ self.assertEqual(_dict, {})
+
+
+ def test_numeric(self):
+ original = mock = Mock()
+ mock.value = 0
+
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: mock + 3)
+
+ def add(self, other):
+ mock.value += other
+ return self
+ mock.__add__ = add
+ self.assertEqual(mock + 3, mock)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.value, 3)
+
+ del mock.__add__
+ def iadd(mock):
+ mock += 3
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, iadd, mock)
+ mock.__iadd__ = add
+ mock += 6
+ self.assertEqual(mock, original)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.value, 9)
+
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: 3 + mock)
+ mock.__radd__ = add
+ self.assertEqual(7 + mock, mock)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.value, 16)
+
+
+ @unittest2.skipIf(inPy3k, 'no truediv in Python 3')
+ def test_truediv(self):
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ mock.__truediv__.return_value = 6
+
+ context = {'mock': mock}
+ code = 'from __future__ import division\nresult = mock / 7\n'
+ exec(code, context)
+ self.assertEqual(context['result'], 6)
+
+ mock.__rtruediv__.return_value = 3
+ code = 'from __future__ import division\nresult = 2 / mock\n'
+ exec(code, context)
+ self.assertEqual(context['result'], 3)
+
+
+ @unittest2.skipIf(not inPy3k, 'truediv is available in Python 2')
+ def test_no_truediv(self):
+ self.assertRaises(
+ AttributeError, getattr, MagicMock(), '__truediv__'
+ )
+ self.assertRaises(
+ AttributeError, getattr, MagicMock(), '__rtruediv__'
+ )
+
+
+ def test_hash(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ # test delegation
+ self.assertEqual(hash(mock), Mock.__hash__(mock))
+
+ def _hash(s):
+ return 3
+ mock.__hash__ = _hash
+ self.assertEqual(hash(mock), 3)
+
+
+ def test_nonzero(self):
+ m = Mock()
+ self.assertTrue(bool(m))
+
+ nonzero = lambda s: False
+ if not inPy3k:
+ m.__nonzero__ = nonzero
+ else:
+ m.__bool__ = nonzero
+
+ self.assertFalse(bool(m))
+
+
+ def test_comparison(self):
+ # note: this test fails with Jython 2.5.1 due to a Jython bug
+ # it is fixed in jython 2.5.2
+ if not inPy3k:
+ # incomparable in Python 3
+ self. assertEqual(Mock() < 3, object() < 3)
+ self. assertEqual(Mock() > 3, object() > 3)
+ self. assertEqual(Mock() <= 3, object() <= 3)
+ self. assertEqual(Mock() >= 3, object() >= 3)
+ else:
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: MagicMock() < object())
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: object() < MagicMock())
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: MagicMock() < MagicMock())
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: MagicMock() > object())
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: object() > MagicMock())
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: MagicMock() > MagicMock())
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: MagicMock() <= object())
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: object() <= MagicMock())
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: MagicMock() <= MagicMock())
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: MagicMock() >= object())
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: object() >= MagicMock())
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: MagicMock() >= MagicMock())
+
+ mock = Mock()
+ def comp(s, o):
+ return True
+ mock.__lt__ = mock.__gt__ = mock.__le__ = mock.__ge__ = comp
+ self. assertTrue(mock < 3)
+ self. assertTrue(mock > 3)
+ self. assertTrue(mock <= 3)
+ self. assertTrue(mock >= 3)
+
+
+ def test_equality(self):
+ for mock in Mock(), MagicMock():
+ self.assertEqual(mock == mock, True)
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock == mock, bool)
+ self.assertEqual(mock != mock, False)
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock != mock, bool)
+ self.assertEqual(mock == object(), False)
+ self.assertEqual(mock != object(), True)
+
+ def eq(self, other):
+ return other == 3
+ mock.__eq__ = eq
+ self.assertTrue(mock == 3)
+ self.assertFalse(mock == 4)
+
+ def ne(self, other):
+ return other == 3
+ mock.__ne__ = ne
+ self.assertTrue(mock != 3)
+ self.assertFalse(mock != 4)
+
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ mock.__eq__.return_value = True
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock == 3, bool)
+ self.assertEqual(mock == 3, True)
+
+ mock.__ne__.return_value = False
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock != 3, bool)
+ self.assertEqual(mock != 3, False)
+
+
+ def test_len_contains_iter(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, len, mock)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, iter, mock)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: 'foo' in mock)
+
+ mock.__len__ = lambda s: 6
+ self.assertEqual(len(mock), 6)
+
+ mock.__contains__ = lambda s, o: o == 3
+ self.assertTrue(3 in mock)
+ self.assertFalse(6 in mock)
+
+ mock.__iter__ = lambda s: iter('foobarbaz')
+ self.assertEqual(list(mock), list('foobarbaz'))
+
+
+ def test_magicmock(self):
+ mock = MagicMock()
+
+ mock.__iter__.return_value = iter([1, 2, 3])
+ self.assertEqual(list(mock), [1, 2, 3])
+
+ name = '__nonzero__'
+ other = '__bool__'
+ if inPy3k:
+ name, other = other, name
+ getattr(mock, name).return_value = False
+ self.assertFalse(hasattr(mock, other))
+ self.assertFalse(bool(mock))
+
+ for entry in _magics:
+ self.assertTrue(hasattr(mock, entry))
+ self.assertFalse(hasattr(mock, '__imaginery__'))
+
+
+ def test_magic_mock_equality(self):
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock == object(), bool)
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock != object(), bool)
+
+ self.assertEqual(mock == object(), False)
+ self.assertEqual(mock != object(), True)
+ self.assertEqual(mock == mock, True)
+ self.assertEqual(mock != mock, False)
+
+
+ def test_magicmock_defaults(self):
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ self.assertEqual(int(mock), 1)
+ self.assertEqual(complex(mock), 1j)
+ self.assertEqual(float(mock), 1.0)
+ self.assertEqual(long(mock), long(1))
+ self.assertNotIn(object(), mock)
+ self.assertEqual(len(mock), 0)
+ self.assertEqual(list(mock), [])
+ self.assertEqual(hash(mock), object.__hash__(mock))
+ self.assertEqual(str(mock), object.__str__(mock))
+ self.assertEqual(unicode(mock), object.__str__(mock))
+ self.assertIsInstance(unicode(mock), unicode)
+ self.assertTrue(bool(mock))
+ if not inPy3k:
+ self.assertEqual(oct(mock), '1')
+ else:
+ # in Python 3 oct and hex use __index__
+ # so these tests are for __index__ in py3k
+ self.assertEqual(oct(mock), '0o1')
+ self.assertEqual(hex(mock), '0x1')
+ # how to test __sizeof__ ?
+
+
+ @unittest2.skipIf(inPy3k, "no __cmp__ in Python 3")
+ def test_non_default_magic_methods(self):
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: mock.__cmp__)
+
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock.__cmp__ = lambda s, o: 0
+
+ self.assertEqual(mock, object())
+
+
+ def test_magic_methods_and_spec(self):
+ class Iterable(object):
+ def __iter__(self):
+ pass
+
+ mock = Mock(spec=Iterable)
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: mock.__iter__)
+
+ mock.__iter__ = Mock(return_value=iter([]))
+ self.assertEqual(list(mock), [])
+
+ class NonIterable(object):
+ pass
+ mock = Mock(spec=NonIterable)
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: mock.__iter__)
+
+ def set_int():
+ mock.__int__ = Mock(return_value=iter([]))
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, set_int)
+
+ mock = MagicMock(spec=Iterable)
+ self.assertEqual(list(mock), [])
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, set_int)
+
+
+ def test_magic_methods_and_spec_set(self):
+ class Iterable(object):
+ def __iter__(self):
+ pass
+
+ mock = Mock(spec_set=Iterable)
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: mock.__iter__)
+
+ mock.__iter__ = Mock(return_value=iter([]))
+ self.assertEqual(list(mock), [])
+
+ class NonIterable(object):
+ pass
+ mock = Mock(spec_set=NonIterable)
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: mock.__iter__)
+
+ def set_int():
+ mock.__int__ = Mock(return_value=iter([]))
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, set_int)
+
+ mock = MagicMock(spec_set=Iterable)
+ self.assertEqual(list(mock), [])
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, set_int)
+
+
+ def test_setting_unsupported_magic_method(self):
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ def set_setattr():
+ mock.__setattr__ = lambda self, name: None
+ self.assertRaisesRegexp(AttributeError,
+ "Attempting to set unsupported magic method '__setattr__'.",
+ set_setattr
+ )
+
+
+ def test_attributes_and_return_value(self):
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ attr = mock.foo
+ def _get_type(obj):
+ # the type of every mock (or magicmock) is a custom subclass
+ # so the real type is the second in the mro
+ return type(obj).__mro__[1]
+ self.assertEqual(_get_type(attr), MagicMock)
+
+ returned = mock()
+ self.assertEqual(_get_type(returned), MagicMock)
+
+
+ def test_magic_methods_are_magic_mocks(self):
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock.__getitem__, MagicMock)
+
+ mock[1][2].__getitem__.return_value = 3
+ self.assertEqual(mock[1][2][3], 3)
+
+
+ def test_magic_method_reset_mock(self):
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ str(mock)
+ self.assertTrue(mock.__str__.called)
+ mock.reset_mock()
+ self.assertFalse(mock.__str__.called)
+
+
+ @unittest2.skipUnless(sys.version_info[:2] >= (2, 6),
+ "__dir__ not available until Python 2.6 or later")
+ def test_dir(self):
+ # overriding the default implementation
+ for mock in Mock(), MagicMock():
+ def _dir(self):
+ return ['foo']
+ mock.__dir__ = _dir
+ self.assertEqual(dir(mock), ['foo'])
+
+
+ @unittest2.skipIf('PyPy' in sys.version, "This fails differently on pypy")
+ def test_bound_methods(self):
+ m = Mock()
+
+ # XXXX should this be an expected failure instead?
+
+ # this seems like it should work, but is hard to do without introducing
+ # other api inconsistencies. Failure message could be better though.
+ m.__iter__ = [3].__iter__
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, iter, m)
+
+
+ def test_magic_method_type(self):
+ class Foo(MagicMock):
+ pass
+
+ foo = Foo()
+ self.assertIsInstance(foo.__int__, Foo)
+
+
+ def test_descriptor_from_class(self):
+ m = MagicMock()
+ type(m).__str__.return_value = 'foo'
+ self.assertEqual(str(m), 'foo')
+
+
+ def test_iterable_as_iter_return_value(self):
+ m = MagicMock()
+ m.__iter__.return_value = [1, 2, 3]
+ self.assertEqual(list(m), [1, 2, 3])
+ self.assertEqual(list(m), [1, 2, 3])
+
+ m.__iter__.return_value = iter([4, 5, 6])
+ self.assertEqual(list(m), [4, 5, 6])
+ self.assertEqual(list(m), [])
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+ unittest2.main()
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testmock.py b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testmock.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f3ceea995
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testmock.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1351 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Michael Foord & the mock team
+# E-mail: fuzzyman AT voidspace DOT org DOT uk
+# http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/
+
+from tests.support import (
+ callable, unittest2, inPy3k, is_instance, next
+)
+
+import copy
+import pickle
+import sys
+
+import mock
+from mock import (
+ call, DEFAULT, patch, sentinel,
+ MagicMock, Mock, NonCallableMock,
+ NonCallableMagicMock, _CallList,
+ create_autospec
+)
+
+
+try:
+ unicode
+except NameError:
+ unicode = str
+
+
+class Iter(object):
+ def __init__(self):
+ self.thing = iter(['this', 'is', 'an', 'iter'])
+
+ def __iter__(self):
+ return self
+
+ def next(self):
+ return next(self.thing)
+
+ __next__ = next
+
+
+class Subclass(MagicMock):
+ pass
+
+
+class Thing(object):
+ attribute = 6
+ foo = 'bar'
+
+
+
+class MockTest(unittest2.TestCase):
+
+ def test_all(self):
+ # if __all__ is badly defined then import * will raise an error
+ # We have to exec it because you can't import * inside a method
+ # in Python 3
+ exec("from mock import *")
+
+
+ def test_constructor(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+
+ self.assertFalse(mock.called, "called not initialised correctly")
+ self.assertEqual(mock.call_count, 0,
+ "call_count not initialised correctly")
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(mock.return_value, Mock),
+ "return_value not initialised correctly")
+
+ self.assertEqual(mock.call_args, None,
+ "call_args not initialised correctly")
+ self.assertEqual(mock.call_args_list, [],
+ "call_args_list not initialised correctly")
+ self.assertEqual(mock.method_calls, [],
+ "method_calls not initialised correctly")
+
+ # Can't use hasattr for this test as it always returns True on a mock
+ self.assertFalse('_items' in mock.__dict__,
+ "default mock should not have '_items' attribute")
+
+ self.assertIsNone(mock._mock_parent,
+ "parent not initialised correctly")
+ self.assertIsNone(mock._mock_methods,
+ "methods not initialised correctly")
+ self.assertEqual(mock._mock_children, {},
+ "children not initialised incorrectly")
+
+
+ def test_unicode_not_broken(self):
+ # This used to raise an exception with Python 2.5 and Mock 0.4
+ unicode(Mock())
+
+
+ def test_return_value_in_constructor(self):
+ mock = Mock(return_value=None)
+ self.assertIsNone(mock.return_value,
+ "return value in constructor not honoured")
+
+
+ def test_repr(self):
+ mock = Mock(name='foo')
+ self.assertIn('foo', repr(mock))
+ self.assertIn("'%s'" % id(mock), repr(mock))
+
+ mocks = [(Mock(), 'mock'), (Mock(name='bar'), 'bar')]
+ for mock, name in mocks:
+ self.assertIn('%s.bar' % name, repr(mock.bar))
+ self.assertIn('%s.foo()' % name, repr(mock.foo()))
+ self.assertIn('%s.foo().bing' % name, repr(mock.foo().bing))
+ self.assertIn('%s()' % name, repr(mock()))
+ self.assertIn('%s()()' % name, repr(mock()()))
+ self.assertIn('%s()().foo.bar.baz().bing' % name,
+ repr(mock()().foo.bar.baz().bing))
+
+
+ def test_repr_with_spec(self):
+ class X(object):
+ pass
+
+ mock = Mock(spec=X)
+ self.assertIn(" spec='X' ", repr(mock))
+
+ mock = Mock(spec=X())
+ self.assertIn(" spec='X' ", repr(mock))
+
+ mock = Mock(spec_set=X)
+ self.assertIn(" spec_set='X' ", repr(mock))
+
+ mock = Mock(spec_set=X())
+ self.assertIn(" spec_set='X' ", repr(mock))
+
+ mock = Mock(spec=X, name='foo')
+ self.assertIn(" spec='X' ", repr(mock))
+ self.assertIn(" name='foo' ", repr(mock))
+
+ mock = Mock(name='foo')
+ self.assertNotIn("spec", repr(mock))
+
+ mock = Mock()
+ self.assertNotIn("spec", repr(mock))
+
+ mock = Mock(spec=['foo'])
+ self.assertNotIn("spec", repr(mock))
+
+
+ def test_side_effect(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+
+ def effect(*args, **kwargs):
+ raise SystemError('kablooie')
+
+ mock.side_effect = effect
+ self.assertRaises(SystemError, mock, 1, 2, fish=3)
+ mock.assert_called_with(1, 2, fish=3)
+
+ results = [1, 2, 3]
+ def effect():
+ return results.pop()
+ mock.side_effect = effect
+
+ self.assertEqual([mock(), mock(), mock()], [3, 2, 1],
+ "side effect not used correctly")
+
+ mock = Mock(side_effect=sentinel.SideEffect)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.side_effect, sentinel.SideEffect,
+ "side effect in constructor not used")
+
+ def side_effect():
+ return DEFAULT
+ mock = Mock(side_effect=side_effect, return_value=sentinel.RETURN)
+ self.assertEqual(mock(), sentinel.RETURN)
+
+
+ @unittest2.skipUnless('java' in sys.platform,
+ 'This test only applies to Jython')
+ def test_java_exception_side_effect(self):
+ import java
+ mock = Mock(side_effect=java.lang.RuntimeException("Boom!"))
+
+ # can't use assertRaises with java exceptions
+ try:
+ mock(1, 2, fish=3)
+ except java.lang.RuntimeException:
+ pass
+ else:
+ self.fail('java exception not raised')
+ mock.assert_called_with(1,2, fish=3)
+
+
+ def test_reset_mock(self):
+ parent = Mock()
+ spec = ["something"]
+ mock = Mock(name="child", parent=parent, spec=spec)
+ mock(sentinel.Something, something=sentinel.SomethingElse)
+ something = mock.something
+ mock.something()
+ mock.side_effect = sentinel.SideEffect
+ return_value = mock.return_value
+ return_value()
+
+ mock.reset_mock()
+
+ self.assertEqual(mock._mock_name, "child",
+ "name incorrectly reset")
+ self.assertEqual(mock._mock_parent, parent,
+ "parent incorrectly reset")
+ self.assertEqual(mock._mock_methods, spec,
+ "methods incorrectly reset")
+
+ self.assertFalse(mock.called, "called not reset")
+ self.assertEqual(mock.call_count, 0, "call_count not reset")
+ self.assertEqual(mock.call_args, None, "call_args not reset")
+ self.assertEqual(mock.call_args_list, [], "call_args_list not reset")
+ self.assertEqual(mock.method_calls, [],
+ "method_calls not initialised correctly: %r != %r" %
+ (mock.method_calls, []))
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, [])
+
+ self.assertEqual(mock.side_effect, sentinel.SideEffect,
+ "side_effect incorrectly reset")
+ self.assertEqual(mock.return_value, return_value,
+ "return_value incorrectly reset")
+ self.assertFalse(return_value.called, "return value mock not reset")
+ self.assertEqual(mock._mock_children, {'something': something},
+ "children reset incorrectly")
+ self.assertEqual(mock.something, something,
+ "children incorrectly cleared")
+ self.assertFalse(mock.something.called, "child not reset")
+
+
+ def test_reset_mock_recursion(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock.return_value = mock
+
+ # used to cause recursion
+ mock.reset_mock()
+
+
+ def test_call(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(mock.return_value, Mock),
+ "Default return_value should be a Mock")
+
+ result = mock()
+ self.assertEqual(mock(), result,
+ "different result from consecutive calls")
+ mock.reset_mock()
+
+ ret_val = mock(sentinel.Arg)
+ self.assertTrue(mock.called, "called not set")
+ self.assertEqual(mock.call_count, 1, "call_count incoreect")
+ self.assertEqual(mock.call_args, ((sentinel.Arg,), {}),
+ "call_args not set")
+ self.assertEqual(mock.call_args_list, [((sentinel.Arg,), {})],
+ "call_args_list not initialised correctly")
+
+ mock.return_value = sentinel.ReturnValue
+ ret_val = mock(sentinel.Arg, key=sentinel.KeyArg)
+ self.assertEqual(ret_val, sentinel.ReturnValue,
+ "incorrect return value")
+
+ self.assertEqual(mock.call_count, 2, "call_count incorrect")
+ self.assertEqual(mock.call_args,
+ ((sentinel.Arg,), {'key': sentinel.KeyArg}),
+ "call_args not set")
+ self.assertEqual(mock.call_args_list, [
+ ((sentinel.Arg,), {}),
+ ((sentinel.Arg,), {'key': sentinel.KeyArg})
+ ],
+ "call_args_list not set")
+
+
+ def test_call_args_comparison(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock()
+ mock(sentinel.Arg)
+ mock(kw=sentinel.Kwarg)
+ mock(sentinel.Arg, kw=sentinel.Kwarg)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.call_args_list, [
+ (),
+ ((sentinel.Arg,),),
+ ({"kw": sentinel.Kwarg},),
+ ((sentinel.Arg,), {"kw": sentinel.Kwarg})
+ ])
+ self.assertEqual(mock.call_args,
+ ((sentinel.Arg,), {"kw": sentinel.Kwarg}))
+
+
+ def test_assert_called_with(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock()
+
+ # Will raise an exception if it fails
+ mock.assert_called_with()
+ self.assertRaises(AssertionError, mock.assert_called_with, 1)
+
+ mock.reset_mock()
+ self.assertRaises(AssertionError, mock.assert_called_with)
+
+ mock(1, 2, 3, a='fish', b='nothing')
+ mock.assert_called_with(1, 2, 3, a='fish', b='nothing')
+
+
+ def test_assert_called_once_with(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock()
+
+ # Will raise an exception if it fails
+ mock.assert_called_once_with()
+
+ mock()
+ self.assertRaises(AssertionError, mock.assert_called_once_with)
+
+ mock.reset_mock()
+ self.assertRaises(AssertionError, mock.assert_called_once_with)
+
+ mock('foo', 'bar', baz=2)
+ mock.assert_called_once_with('foo', 'bar', baz=2)
+
+ mock.reset_mock()
+ mock('foo', 'bar', baz=2)
+ self.assertRaises(
+ AssertionError,
+ lambda: mock.assert_called_once_with('bob', 'bar', baz=2)
+ )
+
+
+ def test_attribute_access_returns_mocks(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ something = mock.something
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(something, Mock), "attribute isn't a mock")
+ self.assertEqual(mock.something, something,
+ "different attributes returned for same name")
+
+ # Usage example
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock.something.return_value = 3
+
+ self.assertEqual(mock.something(), 3, "method returned wrong value")
+ self.assertTrue(mock.something.called,
+ "method didn't record being called")
+
+
+ def test_attributes_have_name_and_parent_set(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ something = mock.something
+
+ self.assertEqual(something._mock_name, "something",
+ "attribute name not set correctly")
+ self.assertEqual(something._mock_parent, mock,
+ "attribute parent not set correctly")
+
+
+ def test_method_calls_recorded(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock.something(3, fish=None)
+ mock.something_else.something(6, cake=sentinel.Cake)
+
+ self.assertEqual(mock.something_else.method_calls,
+ [("something", (6,), {'cake': sentinel.Cake})],
+ "method calls not recorded correctly")
+ self.assertEqual(mock.method_calls, [
+ ("something", (3,), {'fish': None}),
+ ("something_else.something", (6,), {'cake': sentinel.Cake})
+ ],
+ "method calls not recorded correctly")
+
+
+ def test_method_calls_compare_easily(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock.something()
+ self.assertEqual(mock.method_calls, [('something',)])
+ self.assertEqual(mock.method_calls, [('something', (), {})])
+
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock.something('different')
+ self.assertEqual(mock.method_calls, [('something', ('different',))])
+ self.assertEqual(mock.method_calls,
+ [('something', ('different',), {})])
+
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock.something(x=1)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.method_calls, [('something', {'x': 1})])
+ self.assertEqual(mock.method_calls, [('something', (), {'x': 1})])
+
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock.something('different', some='more')
+ self.assertEqual(mock.method_calls, [
+ ('something', ('different',), {'some': 'more'})
+ ])
+
+
+ def test_only_allowed_methods_exist(self):
+ for spec in ['something'], ('something',):
+ for arg in 'spec', 'spec_set':
+ mock = Mock(**{arg: spec})
+
+ # this should be allowed
+ mock.something
+ self.assertRaisesRegexp(
+ AttributeError,
+ "Mock object has no attribute 'something_else'",
+ getattr, mock, 'something_else'
+ )
+
+
+ def test_from_spec(self):
+ class Something(object):
+ x = 3
+ __something__ = None
+ def y(self):
+ pass
+
+ def test_attributes(mock):
+ # should work
+ mock.x
+ mock.y
+ mock.__something__
+ self.assertRaisesRegexp(
+ AttributeError,
+ "Mock object has no attribute 'z'",
+ getattr, mock, 'z'
+ )
+ self.assertRaisesRegexp(
+ AttributeError,
+ "Mock object has no attribute '__foobar__'",
+ getattr, mock, '__foobar__'
+ )
+
+ test_attributes(Mock(spec=Something))
+ test_attributes(Mock(spec=Something()))
+
+
+ def test_wraps_calls(self):
+ real = Mock()
+
+ mock = Mock(wraps=real)
+ self.assertEqual(mock(), real())
+
+ real.reset_mock()
+
+ mock(1, 2, fish=3)
+ real.assert_called_with(1, 2, fish=3)
+
+
+ def test_wraps_call_with_nondefault_return_value(self):
+ real = Mock()
+
+ mock = Mock(wraps=real)
+ mock.return_value = 3
+
+ self.assertEqual(mock(), 3)
+ self.assertFalse(real.called)
+
+
+ def test_wraps_attributes(self):
+ class Real(object):
+ attribute = Mock()
+
+ real = Real()
+
+ mock = Mock(wraps=real)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.attribute(), real.attribute())
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: mock.fish)
+
+ self.assertNotEqual(mock.attribute, real.attribute)
+ result = mock.attribute.frog(1, 2, fish=3)
+ Real.attribute.frog.assert_called_with(1, 2, fish=3)
+ self.assertEqual(result, Real.attribute.frog())
+
+
+ def test_exceptional_side_effect(self):
+ mock = Mock(side_effect=AttributeError)
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, mock)
+
+ mock = Mock(side_effect=AttributeError('foo'))
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, mock)
+
+
+ def test_baseexceptional_side_effect(self):
+ mock = Mock(side_effect=KeyboardInterrupt)
+ self.assertRaises(KeyboardInterrupt, mock)
+
+ mock = Mock(side_effect=KeyboardInterrupt('foo'))
+ self.assertRaises(KeyboardInterrupt, mock)
+
+
+ def test_assert_called_with_message(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ self.assertRaisesRegexp(AssertionError, 'Not called',
+ mock.assert_called_with)
+
+
+ def test__name__(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: mock.__name__)
+
+ mock.__name__ = 'foo'
+ self.assertEqual(mock.__name__, 'foo')
+
+
+ def test_spec_list_subclass(self):
+ class Sub(list):
+ pass
+ mock = Mock(spec=Sub(['foo']))
+
+ mock.append(3)
+ mock.append.assert_called_with(3)
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, mock, 'foo')
+
+
+ def test_spec_class(self):
+ class X(object):
+ pass
+
+ mock = Mock(spec=X)
+ self.assertTrue(isinstance(mock, X))
+
+ mock = Mock(spec=X())
+ self.assertTrue(isinstance(mock, X))
+
+ self.assertIs(mock.__class__, X)
+ self.assertEqual(Mock().__class__.__name__, 'Mock')
+
+ mock = Mock(spec_set=X)
+ self.assertTrue(isinstance(mock, X))
+
+ mock = Mock(spec_set=X())
+ self.assertTrue(isinstance(mock, X))
+
+
+ def test_setting_attribute_with_spec_set(self):
+ class X(object):
+ y = 3
+
+ mock = Mock(spec=X)
+ mock.x = 'foo'
+
+ mock = Mock(spec_set=X)
+ def set_attr():
+ mock.x = 'foo'
+
+ mock.y = 'foo'
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, set_attr)
+
+
+ def test_copy(self):
+ current = sys.getrecursionlimit()
+ self.addCleanup(sys.setrecursionlimit, current)
+
+ # can't use sys.maxint as this doesn't exist in Python 3
+ sys.setrecursionlimit(int(10e8))
+ # this segfaults without the fix in place
+ copy.copy(Mock())
+
+
+ @unittest2.skipIf(inPy3k, "no old style classes in Python 3")
+ def test_spec_old_style_classes(self):
+ class Foo:
+ bar = 7
+
+ mock = Mock(spec=Foo)
+ mock.bar = 6
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: mock.foo)
+
+ mock = Mock(spec=Foo())
+ mock.bar = 6
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: mock.foo)
+
+
+ @unittest2.skipIf(inPy3k, "no old style classes in Python 3")
+ def test_spec_set_old_style_classes(self):
+ class Foo:
+ bar = 7
+
+ mock = Mock(spec_set=Foo)
+ mock.bar = 6
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: mock.foo)
+
+ def _set():
+ mock.foo = 3
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, _set)
+
+ mock = Mock(spec_set=Foo())
+ mock.bar = 6
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: mock.foo)
+
+ def _set():
+ mock.foo = 3
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, _set)
+
+
+ def test_subclass_with_properties(self):
+ class SubClass(Mock):
+ def _get(self):
+ return 3
+ def _set(self, value):
+ raise NameError('strange error')
+ some_attribute = property(_get, _set)
+
+ s = SubClass(spec_set=SubClass)
+ self.assertEqual(s.some_attribute, 3)
+
+ def test():
+ s.some_attribute = 3
+ self.assertRaises(NameError, test)
+
+ def test():
+ s.foo = 'bar'
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, test)
+
+
+ def test_setting_call(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ def __call__(self, a):
+ return self._mock_call(a)
+
+ type(mock).__call__ = __call__
+ mock('one')
+ mock.assert_called_with('one')
+
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock, 'one', 'two')
+
+
+ @unittest2.skipUnless(sys.version_info[:2] >= (2, 6),
+ "__dir__ not available until Python 2.6 or later")
+ def test_dir(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ attrs = set(dir(mock))
+ type_attrs = set([m for m in dir(Mock) if not m.startswith('_')])
+
+ # all public attributes from the type are included
+ self.assertEqual(set(), type_attrs - attrs)
+
+ # creates these attributes
+ mock.a, mock.b
+ self.assertIn('a', dir(mock))
+ self.assertIn('b', dir(mock))
+
+ # instance attributes
+ mock.c = mock.d = None
+ self.assertIn('c', dir(mock))
+ self.assertIn('d', dir(mock))
+
+ # magic methods
+ mock.__iter__ = lambda s: iter([])
+ self.assertIn('__iter__', dir(mock))
+
+
+ @unittest2.skipUnless(sys.version_info[:2] >= (2, 6),
+ "__dir__ not available until Python 2.6 or later")
+ def test_dir_from_spec(self):
+ mock = Mock(spec=unittest2.TestCase)
+ testcase_attrs = set(dir(unittest2.TestCase))
+ attrs = set(dir(mock))
+
+ # all attributes from the spec are included
+ self.assertEqual(set(), testcase_attrs - attrs)
+
+ # shadow a sys attribute
+ mock.version = 3
+ self.assertEqual(dir(mock).count('version'), 1)
+
+
+ @unittest2.skipUnless(sys.version_info[:2] >= (2, 6),
+ "__dir__ not available until Python 2.6 or later")
+ def test_filter_dir(self):
+ patcher = patch.object(mock, 'FILTER_DIR', False)
+ patcher.start()
+ try:
+ attrs = set(dir(Mock()))
+ type_attrs = set(dir(Mock))
+
+ # ALL attributes from the type are included
+ self.assertEqual(set(), type_attrs - attrs)
+ finally:
+ patcher.stop()
+
+
+ def test_configure_mock(self):
+ mock = Mock(foo='bar')
+ self.assertEqual(mock.foo, 'bar')
+
+ mock = MagicMock(foo='bar')
+ self.assertEqual(mock.foo, 'bar')
+
+ kwargs = {'side_effect': KeyError, 'foo.bar.return_value': 33,
+ 'foo': MagicMock()}
+ mock = Mock(**kwargs)
+ self.assertRaises(KeyError, mock)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.foo.bar(), 33)
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock.foo, MagicMock)
+
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock.configure_mock(**kwargs)
+ self.assertRaises(KeyError, mock)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.foo.bar(), 33)
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock.foo, MagicMock)
+
+
+ def assertRaisesWithMsg(self, exception, message, func, *args, **kwargs):
+ # needed because assertRaisesRegex doesn't work easily with newlines
+ try:
+ func(*args, **kwargs)
+ except:
+ instance = sys.exc_info()[1]
+ self.assertIsInstance(instance, exception)
+ else:
+ self.fail('Exception %r not raised' % (exception,))
+
+ msg = str(instance)
+ self.assertEqual(msg, message)
+
+
+ def test_assert_called_with_failure_message(self):
+ mock = NonCallableMock()
+
+ expected = "mock(1, '2', 3, bar='foo')"
+ message = 'Expected call: %s\nNot called'
+ self.assertRaisesWithMsg(
+ AssertionError, message % (expected,),
+ mock.assert_called_with, 1, '2', 3, bar='foo'
+ )
+
+ mock.foo(1, '2', 3, foo='foo')
+
+
+ asserters = [
+ mock.foo.assert_called_with, mock.foo.assert_called_once_with
+ ]
+ for meth in asserters:
+ actual = "foo(1, '2', 3, foo='foo')"
+ expected = "foo(1, '2', 3, bar='foo')"
+ message = 'Expected call: %s\nActual call: %s'
+ self.assertRaisesWithMsg(
+ AssertionError, message % (expected, actual),
+ meth, 1, '2', 3, bar='foo'
+ )
+
+ # just kwargs
+ for meth in asserters:
+ actual = "foo(1, '2', 3, foo='foo')"
+ expected = "foo(bar='foo')"
+ message = 'Expected call: %s\nActual call: %s'
+ self.assertRaisesWithMsg(
+ AssertionError, message % (expected, actual),
+ meth, bar='foo'
+ )
+
+ # just args
+ for meth in asserters:
+ actual = "foo(1, '2', 3, foo='foo')"
+ expected = "foo(1, 2, 3)"
+ message = 'Expected call: %s\nActual call: %s'
+ self.assertRaisesWithMsg(
+ AssertionError, message % (expected, actual),
+ meth, 1, 2, 3
+ )
+
+ # empty
+ for meth in asserters:
+ actual = "foo(1, '2', 3, foo='foo')"
+ expected = "foo()"
+ message = 'Expected call: %s\nActual call: %s'
+ self.assertRaisesWithMsg(
+ AssertionError, message % (expected, actual), meth
+ )
+
+
+ def test_mock_calls(self):
+ mock = MagicMock()
+
+ # need to do this because MagicMock.mock_calls used to just return
+ # a MagicMock which also returned a MagicMock when __eq__ was called
+ self.assertIs(mock.mock_calls == [], True)
+
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ mock()
+ expected = [('', (), {})]
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, expected)
+
+ mock.foo()
+ expected.append(call.foo())
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, expected)
+ # intermediate mock_calls work too
+ self.assertEqual(mock.foo.mock_calls, [('', (), {})])
+
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ mock().foo(1, 2, 3, a=4, b=5)
+ expected = [
+ ('', (), {}), ('().foo', (1, 2, 3), dict(a=4, b=5))
+ ]
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, expected)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.return_value.foo.mock_calls,
+ [('', (1, 2, 3), dict(a=4, b=5))])
+ self.assertEqual(mock.return_value.mock_calls,
+ [('foo', (1, 2, 3), dict(a=4, b=5))])
+
+ mock = MagicMock()
+ mock().foo.bar().baz()
+ expected = [
+ ('', (), {}), ('().foo.bar', (), {}),
+ ('().foo.bar().baz', (), {})
+ ]
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, expected)
+ self.assertEqual(mock().mock_calls,
+ call.foo.bar().baz().call_list())
+
+ for kwargs in dict(), dict(name='bar'):
+ mock = MagicMock(**kwargs)
+ int(mock.foo)
+ expected = [('foo.__int__', (), {})]
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, expected)
+
+ mock = MagicMock(**kwargs)
+ mock.a()()
+ expected = [('a', (), {}), ('a()', (), {})]
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, expected)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.a().mock_calls, [call()])
+
+ mock = MagicMock(**kwargs)
+ mock(1)(2)(3)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, call(1)(2)(3).call_list())
+ self.assertEqual(mock().mock_calls, call(2)(3).call_list())
+ self.assertEqual(mock()().mock_calls, call(3).call_list())
+
+ mock = MagicMock(**kwargs)
+ mock(1)(2)(3).a.b.c(4)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls,
+ call(1)(2)(3).a.b.c(4).call_list())
+ self.assertEqual(mock().mock_calls,
+ call(2)(3).a.b.c(4).call_list())
+ self.assertEqual(mock()().mock_calls,
+ call(3).a.b.c(4).call_list())
+
+ mock = MagicMock(**kwargs)
+ int(mock().foo.bar().baz())
+ last_call = ('().foo.bar().baz().__int__', (), {})
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls[-1], last_call)
+ self.assertEqual(mock().mock_calls,
+ call.foo.bar().baz().__int__().call_list())
+ self.assertEqual(mock().foo.bar().mock_calls,
+ call.baz().__int__().call_list())
+ self.assertEqual(mock().foo.bar().baz.mock_calls,
+ call().__int__().call_list())
+
+
+ def test_subclassing(self):
+ class Subclass(Mock):
+ pass
+
+ mock = Subclass()
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock.foo, Subclass)
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock(), Subclass)
+
+ class Subclass(Mock):
+ def _get_child_mock(self, **kwargs):
+ return Mock(**kwargs)
+
+ mock = Subclass()
+ self.assertNotIsInstance(mock.foo, Subclass)
+ self.assertNotIsInstance(mock(), Subclass)
+
+
+ def test_arg_lists(self):
+ mocks = [
+ Mock(),
+ MagicMock(),
+ NonCallableMock(),
+ NonCallableMagicMock()
+ ]
+
+ def assert_attrs(mock):
+ names = 'call_args_list', 'method_calls', 'mock_calls'
+ for name in names:
+ attr = getattr(mock, name)
+ self.assertIsInstance(attr, _CallList)
+ self.assertIsInstance(attr, list)
+ self.assertEqual(attr, [])
+
+ for mock in mocks:
+ assert_attrs(mock)
+
+ if callable(mock):
+ mock()
+ mock(1, 2)
+ mock(a=3)
+
+ mock.reset_mock()
+ assert_attrs(mock)
+
+ mock.foo()
+ mock.foo.bar(1, a=3)
+ mock.foo(1).bar().baz(3)
+
+ mock.reset_mock()
+ assert_attrs(mock)
+
+
+ def test_call_args_two_tuple(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock(1, a=3)
+ mock(2, b=4)
+
+ self.assertEqual(len(mock.call_args), 2)
+ args, kwargs = mock.call_args
+ self.assertEqual(args, (2,))
+ self.assertEqual(kwargs, dict(b=4))
+
+ expected_list = [((1,), dict(a=3)), ((2,), dict(b=4))]
+ for expected, call_args in zip(expected_list, mock.call_args_list):
+ self.assertEqual(len(call_args), 2)
+ self.assertEqual(expected[0], call_args[0])
+ self.assertEqual(expected[1], call_args[1])
+
+
+ def test_side_effect_iterator(self):
+ mock = Mock(side_effect=iter([1, 2, 3]))
+ self.assertEqual([mock(), mock(), mock()], [1, 2, 3])
+ self.assertRaises(StopIteration, mock)
+
+ mock = MagicMock(side_effect=['a', 'b', 'c'])
+ self.assertEqual([mock(), mock(), mock()], ['a', 'b', 'c'])
+ self.assertRaises(StopIteration, mock)
+
+ mock = Mock(side_effect='ghi')
+ self.assertEqual([mock(), mock(), mock()], ['g', 'h', 'i'])
+ self.assertRaises(StopIteration, mock)
+
+ class Foo(object):
+ pass
+ mock = MagicMock(side_effect=Foo)
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock(), Foo)
+
+ mock = Mock(side_effect=Iter())
+ self.assertEqual([mock(), mock(), mock(), mock()],
+ ['this', 'is', 'an', 'iter'])
+ self.assertRaises(StopIteration, mock)
+
+
+ def test_side_effect_setting_iterator(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock.side_effect = iter([1, 2, 3])
+ self.assertEqual([mock(), mock(), mock()], [1, 2, 3])
+ self.assertRaises(StopIteration, mock)
+ side_effect = mock.side_effect
+ self.assertIsInstance(side_effect, type(iter([])))
+
+ mock.side_effect = ['a', 'b', 'c']
+ self.assertEqual([mock(), mock(), mock()], ['a', 'b', 'c'])
+ self.assertRaises(StopIteration, mock)
+ side_effect = mock.side_effect
+ self.assertIsInstance(side_effect, type(iter([])))
+
+ this_iter = Iter()
+ mock.side_effect = this_iter
+ self.assertEqual([mock(), mock(), mock(), mock()],
+ ['this', 'is', 'an', 'iter'])
+ self.assertRaises(StopIteration, mock)
+ self.assertIs(mock.side_effect, this_iter)
+
+
+ def test_side_effect_iterator_exceptions(self):
+ for Klass in Mock, MagicMock:
+ iterable = (ValueError, 3, KeyError, 6)
+ m = Klass(side_effect=iterable)
+ self.assertRaises(ValueError, m)
+ self.assertEqual(m(), 3)
+ self.assertRaises(KeyError, m)
+ self.assertEqual(m(), 6)
+
+
+ def test_assert_has_calls_any_order(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock(1, 2)
+ mock(a=3)
+ mock(3, 4)
+ mock(b=6)
+ mock(b=6)
+
+ kalls = [
+ call(1, 2), ({'a': 3},),
+ ((3, 4),), ((), {'a': 3}),
+ ('', (1, 2)), ('', {'a': 3}),
+ ('', (1, 2), {}), ('', (), {'a': 3})
+ ]
+ for kall in kalls:
+ mock.assert_has_calls([kall], any_order=True)
+
+ for kall in call(1, '2'), call(b=3), call(), 3, None, 'foo':
+ self.assertRaises(
+ AssertionError, mock.assert_has_calls,
+ [kall], any_order=True
+ )
+
+ kall_lists = [
+ [call(1, 2), call(b=6)],
+ [call(3, 4), call(1, 2)],
+ [call(b=6), call(b=6)],
+ ]
+
+ for kall_list in kall_lists:
+ mock.assert_has_calls(kall_list, any_order=True)
+
+ kall_lists = [
+ [call(b=6), call(b=6), call(b=6)],
+ [call(1, 2), call(1, 2)],
+ [call(3, 4), call(1, 2), call(5, 7)],
+ [call(b=6), call(3, 4), call(b=6), call(1, 2), call(b=6)],
+ ]
+ for kall_list in kall_lists:
+ self.assertRaises(
+ AssertionError, mock.assert_has_calls,
+ kall_list, any_order=True
+ )
+
+ def test_assert_has_calls(self):
+ kalls1 = [
+ call(1, 2), ({'a': 3},),
+ ((3, 4),), call(b=6),
+ ('', (1,), {'b': 6}),
+ ]
+ kalls2 = [call.foo(), call.bar(1)]
+ kalls2.extend(call.spam().baz(a=3).call_list())
+ kalls2.extend(call.bam(set(), foo={}).fish([1]).call_list())
+
+ mocks = []
+ for mock in Mock(), MagicMock():
+ mock(1, 2)
+ mock(a=3)
+ mock(3, 4)
+ mock(b=6)
+ mock(1, b=6)
+ mocks.append((mock, kalls1))
+
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock.foo()
+ mock.bar(1)
+ mock.spam().baz(a=3)
+ mock.bam(set(), foo={}).fish([1])
+ mocks.append((mock, kalls2))
+
+ for mock, kalls in mocks:
+ for i in range(len(kalls)):
+ for step in 1, 2, 3:
+ these = kalls[i:i+step]
+ mock.assert_has_calls(these)
+
+ if len(these) > 1:
+ self.assertRaises(
+ AssertionError,
+ mock.assert_has_calls,
+ list(reversed(these))
+ )
+
+
+ def test_assert_any_call(self):
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock(1, 2)
+ mock(a=3)
+ mock(1, b=6)
+
+ mock.assert_any_call(1, 2)
+ mock.assert_any_call(a=3)
+ mock.assert_any_call(1, b=6)
+
+ self.assertRaises(
+ AssertionError,
+ mock.assert_any_call
+ )
+ self.assertRaises(
+ AssertionError,
+ mock.assert_any_call,
+ 1, 3
+ )
+ self.assertRaises(
+ AssertionError,
+ mock.assert_any_call,
+ a=4
+ )
+
+
+ def test_mock_calls_create_autospec(self):
+ def f(a, b):
+ pass
+ obj = Iter()
+ obj.f = f
+
+ funcs = [
+ create_autospec(f),
+ create_autospec(obj).f
+ ]
+ for func in funcs:
+ func(1, 2)
+ func(3, 4)
+
+ self.assertEqual(
+ func.mock_calls, [call(1, 2), call(3, 4)]
+ )
+
+
+ def test_mock_add_spec(self):
+ class _One(object):
+ one = 1
+ class _Two(object):
+ two = 2
+ class Anything(object):
+ one = two = three = 'four'
+
+ klasses = [
+ Mock, MagicMock, NonCallableMock, NonCallableMagicMock
+ ]
+ for Klass in list(klasses):
+ klasses.append(lambda K=Klass: K(spec=Anything))
+ klasses.append(lambda K=Klass: K(spec_set=Anything))
+
+ for Klass in klasses:
+ for kwargs in dict(), dict(spec_set=True):
+ mock = Klass()
+ #no error
+ mock.one, mock.two, mock.three
+
+ for One, Two in [(_One, _Two), (['one'], ['two'])]:
+ for kwargs in dict(), dict(spec_set=True):
+ mock.mock_add_spec(One, **kwargs)
+
+ mock.one
+ self.assertRaises(
+ AttributeError, getattr, mock, 'two'
+ )
+ self.assertRaises(
+ AttributeError, getattr, mock, 'three'
+ )
+ if 'spec_set' in kwargs:
+ self.assertRaises(
+ AttributeError, setattr, mock, 'three', None
+ )
+
+ mock.mock_add_spec(Two, **kwargs)
+ self.assertRaises(
+ AttributeError, getattr, mock, 'one'
+ )
+ mock.two
+ self.assertRaises(
+ AttributeError, getattr, mock, 'three'
+ )
+ if 'spec_set' in kwargs:
+ self.assertRaises(
+ AttributeError, setattr, mock, 'three', None
+ )
+ # note that creating a mock, setting an instance attribute, and
+ # *then* setting a spec doesn't work. Not the intended use case
+
+
+ def test_mock_add_spec_magic_methods(self):
+ for Klass in MagicMock, NonCallableMagicMock:
+ mock = Klass()
+ int(mock)
+
+ mock.mock_add_spec(object)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, int, mock)
+
+ mock = Klass()
+ mock['foo']
+ mock.__int__.return_value =4
+
+ mock.mock_add_spec(int)
+ self.assertEqual(int(mock), 4)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: mock['foo'])
+
+
+ def test_adding_child_mock(self):
+ for Klass in NonCallableMock, Mock, MagicMock, NonCallableMagicMock:
+ mock = Klass()
+
+ mock.foo = Mock()
+ mock.foo()
+
+ self.assertEqual(mock.method_calls, [call.foo()])
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, [call.foo()])
+
+ mock = Klass()
+ mock.bar = Mock(name='name')
+ mock.bar()
+ self.assertEqual(mock.method_calls, [])
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, [])
+
+ # mock with an existing _new_parent but no name
+ mock = Klass()
+ mock.baz = MagicMock()()
+ mock.baz()
+ self.assertEqual(mock.method_calls, [])
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, [])
+
+
+ def test_adding_return_value_mock(self):
+ for Klass in Mock, MagicMock:
+ mock = Klass()
+ mock.return_value = MagicMock()
+
+ mock()()
+ self.assertEqual(mock.mock_calls, [call(), call()()])
+
+
+ def test_manager_mock(self):
+ class Foo(object):
+ one = 'one'
+ two = 'two'
+ manager = Mock()
+ p1 = patch.object(Foo, 'one')
+ p2 = patch.object(Foo, 'two')
+
+ mock_one = p1.start()
+ self.addCleanup(p1.stop)
+ mock_two = p2.start()
+ self.addCleanup(p2.stop)
+
+ manager.attach_mock(mock_one, 'one')
+ manager.attach_mock(mock_two, 'two')
+
+ Foo.two()
+ Foo.one()
+
+ self.assertEqual(manager.mock_calls, [call.two(), call.one()])
+
+
+ def test_magic_methods_mock_calls(self):
+ for Klass in Mock, MagicMock:
+ m = Klass()
+ m.__int__ = Mock(return_value=3)
+ m.__float__ = MagicMock(return_value=3.0)
+ int(m)
+ float(m)
+
+ self.assertEqual(m.mock_calls, [call.__int__(), call.__float__()])
+ self.assertEqual(m.method_calls, [])
+
+
+ def test_attribute_deletion(self):
+ # this behaviour isn't *useful*, but at least it's now tested...
+ for Klass in Mock, MagicMock, NonCallableMagicMock, NonCallableMock:
+ m = Klass()
+ original = m.foo
+ m.foo = 3
+ del m.foo
+ self.assertEqual(m.foo, original)
+
+ new = m.foo = Mock()
+ del m.foo
+ self.assertEqual(m.foo, new)
+
+
+ def test_mock_parents(self):
+ for Klass in Mock, MagicMock:
+ m = Klass()
+ original_repr = repr(m)
+ m.return_value = m
+ self.assertIs(m(), m)
+ self.assertEqual(repr(m), original_repr)
+
+ m.reset_mock()
+ self.assertIs(m(), m)
+ self.assertEqual(repr(m), original_repr)
+
+ m = Klass()
+ m.b = m.a
+ self.assertIn("name='mock.a'", repr(m.b))
+ self.assertIn("name='mock.a'", repr(m.a))
+ m.reset_mock()
+ self.assertIn("name='mock.a'", repr(m.b))
+ self.assertIn("name='mock.a'", repr(m.a))
+
+ m = Klass()
+ original_repr = repr(m)
+ m.a = m()
+ m.a.return_value = m
+
+ self.assertEqual(repr(m), original_repr)
+ self.assertEqual(repr(m.a()), original_repr)
+
+
+ def test_attach_mock(self):
+ classes = Mock, MagicMock, NonCallableMagicMock, NonCallableMock
+ for Klass in classes:
+ for Klass2 in classes:
+ m = Klass()
+
+ m2 = Klass2(name='foo')
+ m.attach_mock(m2, 'bar')
+
+ self.assertIs(m.bar, m2)
+ self.assertIn("name='mock.bar'", repr(m2))
+
+ m.bar.baz(1)
+ self.assertEqual(m.mock_calls, [call.bar.baz(1)])
+ self.assertEqual(m.method_calls, [call.bar.baz(1)])
+
+
+ def test_attach_mock_return_value(self):
+ classes = Mock, MagicMock, NonCallableMagicMock, NonCallableMock
+ for Klass in Mock, MagicMock:
+ for Klass2 in classes:
+ m = Klass()
+
+ m2 = Klass2(name='foo')
+ m.attach_mock(m2, 'return_value')
+
+ self.assertIs(m(), m2)
+ self.assertIn("name='mock()'", repr(m2))
+
+ m2.foo()
+ self.assertEqual(m.mock_calls, call().foo().call_list())
+
+
+ def test_attribute_deletion(self):
+ for mock in Mock(), MagicMock():
+ self.assertTrue(hasattr(mock, 'm'))
+
+ del mock.m
+ self.assertFalse(hasattr(mock, 'm'))
+
+ del mock.f
+ self.assertFalse(hasattr(mock, 'f'))
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, mock, 'f')
+
+
+ def test_class_assignable(self):
+ for mock in Mock(), MagicMock():
+ self.assertNotIsInstance(mock, int)
+
+ mock.__class__ = int
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock, int)
+
+
+ @unittest2.expectedFailure
+ def test_pickle(self):
+ for Klass in (MagicMock, Mock, Subclass, NonCallableMagicMock):
+ mock = Klass(name='foo', attribute=3)
+ mock.foo(1, 2, 3)
+ data = pickle.dumps(mock)
+ new = pickle.loads(data)
+
+ new.foo.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
+ self.assertFalse(new.called)
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(new, Klass))
+ self.assertIsInstance(new, Thing)
+ self.assertIn('name="foo"', repr(new))
+ self.assertEqual(new.attribute, 3)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+ unittest2.main()
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testpatch.py b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testpatch.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1ebe67106
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testpatch.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1790 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Michael Foord & the mock team
+# E-mail: fuzzyman AT voidspace DOT org DOT uk
+# http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/
+
+import os
+import sys
+
+from tests import support
+from tests.support import unittest2, inPy3k, SomeClass, is_instance, callable
+
+from mock import (
+ NonCallableMock, CallableMixin, patch, sentinel,
+ MagicMock, Mock, NonCallableMagicMock, patch, _patch,
+ DEFAULT, call, _get_target
+)
+
+builtin_string = '__builtin__'
+if inPy3k:
+ builtin_string = 'builtins'
+ unicode = str
+
+PTModule = sys.modules[__name__]
+MODNAME = '%s.PTModule' % __name__
+
+
+def _get_proxy(obj, get_only=True):
+ class Proxy(object):
+ def __getattr__(self, name):
+ return getattr(obj, name)
+ if not get_only:
+ def __setattr__(self, name, value):
+ setattr(obj, name, value)
+ def __delattr__(self, name):
+ delattr(obj, name)
+ Proxy.__setattr__ = __setattr__
+ Proxy.__delattr__ = __delattr__
+ return Proxy()
+
+
+# for use in the test
+something = sentinel.Something
+something_else = sentinel.SomethingElse
+
+
+class Foo(object):
+ def __init__(self, a):
+ pass
+ def f(self, a):
+ pass
+ def g(self):
+ pass
+ foo = 'bar'
+
+ class Bar(object):
+ def a(self):
+ pass
+
+foo_name = '%s.Foo' % __name__
+
+
+def function(a, b=Foo):
+ pass
+
+
+class Container(object):
+ def __init__(self):
+ self.values = {}
+
+ def __getitem__(self, name):
+ return self.values[name]
+
+ def __setitem__(self, name, value):
+ self.values[name] = value
+
+ def __delitem__(self, name):
+ del self.values[name]
+
+ def __iter__(self):
+ return iter(self.values)
+
+
+
+class PatchTest(unittest2.TestCase):
+
+ def assertNotCallable(self, obj, magic=True):
+ MockClass = NonCallableMagicMock
+ if not magic:
+ MockClass = NonCallableMock
+
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, obj)
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(obj, MockClass))
+ self.assertFalse(is_instance(obj, CallableMixin))
+
+
+ def test_single_patchobject(self):
+ class Something(object):
+ attribute = sentinel.Original
+
+ @patch.object(Something, 'attribute', sentinel.Patched)
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(Something.attribute, sentinel.Patched, "unpatched")
+
+ test()
+ self.assertEqual(Something.attribute, sentinel.Original,
+ "patch not restored")
+
+
+ def test_patchobject_with_none(self):
+ class Something(object):
+ attribute = sentinel.Original
+
+ @patch.object(Something, 'attribute', None)
+ def test():
+ self.assertIsNone(Something.attribute, "unpatched")
+
+ test()
+ self.assertEqual(Something.attribute, sentinel.Original,
+ "patch not restored")
+
+
+ def test_multiple_patchobject(self):
+ class Something(object):
+ attribute = sentinel.Original
+ next_attribute = sentinel.Original2
+
+ @patch.object(Something, 'attribute', sentinel.Patched)
+ @patch.object(Something, 'next_attribute', sentinel.Patched2)
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(Something.attribute, sentinel.Patched,
+ "unpatched")
+ self.assertEqual(Something.next_attribute, sentinel.Patched2,
+ "unpatched")
+
+ test()
+ self.assertEqual(Something.attribute, sentinel.Original,
+ "patch not restored")
+ self.assertEqual(Something.next_attribute, sentinel.Original2,
+ "patch not restored")
+
+
+ def test_object_lookup_is_quite_lazy(self):
+ global something
+ original = something
+ @patch('%s.something' % __name__, sentinel.Something2)
+ def test():
+ pass
+
+ try:
+ something = sentinel.replacement_value
+ test()
+ self.assertEqual(something, sentinel.replacement_value)
+ finally:
+ something = original
+
+
+ def test_patch(self):
+ @patch('%s.something' % __name__, sentinel.Something2)
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(PTModule.something, sentinel.Something2,
+ "unpatched")
+
+ test()
+ self.assertEqual(PTModule.something, sentinel.Something,
+ "patch not restored")
+
+ @patch('%s.something' % __name__, sentinel.Something2)
+ @patch('%s.something_else' % __name__, sentinel.SomethingElse)
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(PTModule.something, sentinel.Something2,
+ "unpatched")
+ self.assertEqual(PTModule.something_else, sentinel.SomethingElse,
+ "unpatched")
+
+ self.assertEqual(PTModule.something, sentinel.Something,
+ "patch not restored")
+ self.assertEqual(PTModule.something_else, sentinel.SomethingElse,
+ "patch not restored")
+
+ # Test the patching and restoring works a second time
+ test()
+
+ self.assertEqual(PTModule.something, sentinel.Something,
+ "patch not restored")
+ self.assertEqual(PTModule.something_else, sentinel.SomethingElse,
+ "patch not restored")
+
+ mock = Mock()
+ mock.return_value = sentinel.Handle
+ @patch('%s.open' % builtin_string, mock)
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(open('filename', 'r'), sentinel.Handle,
+ "open not patched")
+ test()
+ test()
+
+ self.assertNotEqual(open, mock, "patch not restored")
+
+
+ def test_patch_class_attribute(self):
+ @patch('%s.SomeClass.class_attribute' % __name__,
+ sentinel.ClassAttribute)
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(PTModule.SomeClass.class_attribute,
+ sentinel.ClassAttribute, "unpatched")
+ test()
+
+ self.assertIsNone(PTModule.SomeClass.class_attribute,
+ "patch not restored")
+
+
+ def test_patchobject_with_default_mock(self):
+ class Test(object):
+ something = sentinel.Original
+ something2 = sentinel.Original2
+
+ @patch.object(Test, 'something')
+ def test(mock):
+ self.assertEqual(mock, Test.something,
+ "Mock not passed into test function")
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock, MagicMock,
+ "patch with two arguments did not create a mock")
+
+ test()
+
+ @patch.object(Test, 'something')
+ @patch.object(Test, 'something2')
+ def test(this1, this2, mock1, mock2):
+ self.assertEqual(this1, sentinel.this1,
+ "Patched function didn't receive initial argument")
+ self.assertEqual(this2, sentinel.this2,
+ "Patched function didn't receive second argument")
+ self.assertEqual(mock1, Test.something2,
+ "Mock not passed into test function")
+ self.assertEqual(mock2, Test.something,
+ "Second Mock not passed into test function")
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock2, MagicMock,
+ "patch with two arguments did not create a mock")
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock2, MagicMock,
+ "patch with two arguments did not create a mock")
+
+ # A hack to test that new mocks are passed the second time
+ self.assertNotEqual(outerMock1, mock1, "unexpected value for mock1")
+ self.assertNotEqual(outerMock2, mock2, "unexpected value for mock1")
+ return mock1, mock2
+
+ outerMock1 = outerMock2 = None
+ outerMock1, outerMock2 = test(sentinel.this1, sentinel.this2)
+
+ # Test that executing a second time creates new mocks
+ test(sentinel.this1, sentinel.this2)
+
+
+ def test_patch_with_spec(self):
+ @patch('%s.SomeClass' % __name__, spec=SomeClass)
+ def test(MockSomeClass):
+ self.assertEqual(SomeClass, MockSomeClass)
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(SomeClass.wibble, MagicMock))
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: SomeClass.not_wibble)
+
+ test()
+
+
+ def test_patchobject_with_spec(self):
+ @patch.object(SomeClass, 'class_attribute', spec=SomeClass)
+ def test(MockAttribute):
+ self.assertEqual(SomeClass.class_attribute, MockAttribute)
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(SomeClass.class_attribute.wibble,
+ MagicMock))
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError,
+ lambda: SomeClass.class_attribute.not_wibble)
+
+ test()
+
+
+ def test_patch_with_spec_as_list(self):
+ @patch('%s.SomeClass' % __name__, spec=['wibble'])
+ def test(MockSomeClass):
+ self.assertEqual(SomeClass, MockSomeClass)
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(SomeClass.wibble, MagicMock))
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: SomeClass.not_wibble)
+
+ test()
+
+
+ def test_patchobject_with_spec_as_list(self):
+ @patch.object(SomeClass, 'class_attribute', spec=['wibble'])
+ def test(MockAttribute):
+ self.assertEqual(SomeClass.class_attribute, MockAttribute)
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(SomeClass.class_attribute.wibble,
+ MagicMock))
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError,
+ lambda: SomeClass.class_attribute.not_wibble)
+
+ test()
+
+
+ def test_nested_patch_with_spec_as_list(self):
+ # regression test for nested decorators
+ @patch('%s.open' % builtin_string)
+ @patch('%s.SomeClass' % __name__, spec=['wibble'])
+ def test(MockSomeClass, MockOpen):
+ self.assertEqual(SomeClass, MockSomeClass)
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(SomeClass.wibble, MagicMock))
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: SomeClass.not_wibble)
+ test()
+
+
+ def test_patch_with_spec_as_boolean(self):
+ @patch('%s.SomeClass' % __name__, spec=True)
+ def test(MockSomeClass):
+ self.assertEqual(SomeClass, MockSomeClass)
+ # Should not raise attribute error
+ MockSomeClass.wibble
+
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: MockSomeClass.not_wibble)
+
+ test()
+
+
+ def test_patch_object_with_spec_as_boolean(self):
+ @patch.object(PTModule, 'SomeClass', spec=True)
+ def test(MockSomeClass):
+ self.assertEqual(SomeClass, MockSomeClass)
+ # Should not raise attribute error
+ MockSomeClass.wibble
+
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: MockSomeClass.not_wibble)
+
+ test()
+
+
+ def test_patch_class_acts_with_spec_is_inherited(self):
+ @patch('%s.SomeClass' % __name__, spec=True)
+ def test(MockSomeClass):
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(MockSomeClass, MagicMock))
+ instance = MockSomeClass()
+ self.assertNotCallable(instance)
+ # Should not raise attribute error
+ instance.wibble
+
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: instance.not_wibble)
+
+ test()
+
+
+ def test_patch_with_create_mocks_non_existent_attributes(self):
+ @patch('%s.frooble' % builtin_string, sentinel.Frooble, create=True)
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(frooble, sentinel.Frooble)
+
+ test()
+ self.assertRaises(NameError, lambda: frooble)
+
+
+ def test_patchobject_with_create_mocks_non_existent_attributes(self):
+ @patch.object(SomeClass, 'frooble', sentinel.Frooble, create=True)
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(SomeClass.frooble, sentinel.Frooble)
+
+ test()
+ self.assertFalse(hasattr(SomeClass, 'frooble'))
+
+
+ def test_patch_wont_create_by_default(self):
+ try:
+ @patch('%s.frooble' % builtin_string, sentinel.Frooble)
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(frooble, sentinel.Frooble)
+
+ test()
+ except AttributeError:
+ pass
+ else:
+ self.fail('Patching non existent attributes should fail')
+
+ self.assertRaises(NameError, lambda: frooble)
+
+
+ def test_patchobject_wont_create_by_default(self):
+ try:
+ @patch.object(SomeClass, 'frooble', sentinel.Frooble)
+ def test():
+ self.fail('Patching non existent attributes should fail')
+
+ test()
+ except AttributeError:
+ pass
+ else:
+ self.fail('Patching non existent attributes should fail')
+ self.assertFalse(hasattr(SomeClass, 'frooble'))
+
+
+ def test_patch_with_static_methods(self):
+ class Foo(object):
+ @staticmethod
+ def woot():
+ return sentinel.Static
+
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'woot', staticmethod(lambda: sentinel.Patched))
+ def anonymous():
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.woot(), sentinel.Patched)
+ anonymous()
+
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.woot(), sentinel.Static)
+
+
+ def test_patch_local(self):
+ foo = sentinel.Foo
+ @patch.object(sentinel, 'Foo', 'Foo')
+ def anonymous():
+ self.assertEqual(sentinel.Foo, 'Foo')
+ anonymous()
+
+ self.assertEqual(sentinel.Foo, foo)
+
+
+ def test_patch_slots(self):
+ class Foo(object):
+ __slots__ = ('Foo',)
+
+ foo = Foo()
+ foo.Foo = sentinel.Foo
+
+ @patch.object(foo, 'Foo', 'Foo')
+ def anonymous():
+ self.assertEqual(foo.Foo, 'Foo')
+ anonymous()
+
+ self.assertEqual(foo.Foo, sentinel.Foo)
+
+
+ def test_patchobject_class_decorator(self):
+ class Something(object):
+ attribute = sentinel.Original
+
+ class Foo(object):
+ def test_method(other_self):
+ self.assertEqual(Something.attribute, sentinel.Patched,
+ "unpatched")
+ def not_test_method(other_self):
+ self.assertEqual(Something.attribute, sentinel.Original,
+ "non-test method patched")
+
+ Foo = patch.object(Something, 'attribute', sentinel.Patched)(Foo)
+
+ f = Foo()
+ f.test_method()
+ f.not_test_method()
+
+ self.assertEqual(Something.attribute, sentinel.Original,
+ "patch not restored")
+
+
+ def test_patch_class_decorator(self):
+ class Something(object):
+ attribute = sentinel.Original
+
+ class Foo(object):
+ def test_method(other_self, mock_something):
+ self.assertEqual(PTModule.something, mock_something,
+ "unpatched")
+ def not_test_method(other_self):
+ self.assertEqual(PTModule.something, sentinel.Something,
+ "non-test method patched")
+ Foo = patch('%s.something' % __name__)(Foo)
+
+ f = Foo()
+ f.test_method()
+ f.not_test_method()
+
+ self.assertEqual(Something.attribute, sentinel.Original,
+ "patch not restored")
+ self.assertEqual(PTModule.something, sentinel.Something,
+ "patch not restored")
+
+
+ def test_patchobject_twice(self):
+ class Something(object):
+ attribute = sentinel.Original
+ next_attribute = sentinel.Original2
+
+ @patch.object(Something, 'attribute', sentinel.Patched)
+ @patch.object(Something, 'attribute', sentinel.Patched)
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(Something.attribute, sentinel.Patched, "unpatched")
+
+ test()
+
+ self.assertEqual(Something.attribute, sentinel.Original,
+ "patch not restored")
+
+
+ def test_patch_dict(self):
+ foo = {'initial': object(), 'other': 'something'}
+ original = foo.copy()
+
+ @patch.dict(foo)
+ def test():
+ foo['a'] = 3
+ del foo['initial']
+ foo['other'] = 'something else'
+
+ test()
+
+ self.assertEqual(foo, original)
+
+ @patch.dict(foo, {'a': 'b'})
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(len(foo), 3)
+ self.assertEqual(foo['a'], 'b')
+
+ test()
+
+ self.assertEqual(foo, original)
+
+ @patch.dict(foo, [('a', 'b')])
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(len(foo), 3)
+ self.assertEqual(foo['a'], 'b')
+
+ test()
+
+ self.assertEqual(foo, original)
+
+
+ def test_patch_dict_with_container_object(self):
+ foo = Container()
+ foo['initial'] = object()
+ foo['other'] = 'something'
+
+ original = foo.values.copy()
+
+ @patch.dict(foo)
+ def test():
+ foo['a'] = 3
+ del foo['initial']
+ foo['other'] = 'something else'
+
+ test()
+
+ self.assertEqual(foo.values, original)
+
+ @patch.dict(foo, {'a': 'b'})
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(len(foo.values), 3)
+ self.assertEqual(foo['a'], 'b')
+
+ test()
+
+ self.assertEqual(foo.values, original)
+
+
+ def test_patch_dict_with_clear(self):
+ foo = {'initial': object(), 'other': 'something'}
+ original = foo.copy()
+
+ @patch.dict(foo, clear=True)
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(foo, {})
+ foo['a'] = 3
+ foo['other'] = 'something else'
+
+ test()
+
+ self.assertEqual(foo, original)
+
+ @patch.dict(foo, {'a': 'b'}, clear=True)
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(foo, {'a': 'b'})
+
+ test()
+
+ self.assertEqual(foo, original)
+
+ @patch.dict(foo, [('a', 'b')], clear=True)
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(foo, {'a': 'b'})
+
+ test()
+
+ self.assertEqual(foo, original)
+
+
+ def test_patch_dict_with_container_object_and_clear(self):
+ foo = Container()
+ foo['initial'] = object()
+ foo['other'] = 'something'
+
+ original = foo.values.copy()
+
+ @patch.dict(foo, clear=True)
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(foo.values, {})
+ foo['a'] = 3
+ foo['other'] = 'something else'
+
+ test()
+
+ self.assertEqual(foo.values, original)
+
+ @patch.dict(foo, {'a': 'b'}, clear=True)
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(foo.values, {'a': 'b'})
+
+ test()
+
+ self.assertEqual(foo.values, original)
+
+
+ def test_name_preserved(self):
+ foo = {}
+
+ @patch('%s.SomeClass' % __name__, object())
+ @patch('%s.SomeClass' % __name__, object(), autospec=True)
+ @patch.object(SomeClass, object())
+ @patch.dict(foo)
+ def some_name():
+ pass
+
+ self.assertEqual(some_name.__name__, 'some_name')
+
+
+ def test_patch_with_exception(self):
+ foo = {}
+
+ @patch.dict(foo, {'a': 'b'})
+ def test():
+ raise NameError('Konrad')
+ try:
+ test()
+ except NameError:
+ pass
+ else:
+ self.fail('NameError not raised by test')
+
+ self.assertEqual(foo, {})
+
+
+ def test_patch_dict_with_string(self):
+ @patch.dict('os.environ', {'konrad_delong': 'some value'})
+ def test():
+ self.assertIn('konrad_delong', os.environ)
+
+ test()
+
+
+ @unittest2.expectedFailure
+ def test_patch_descriptor(self):
+ # would be some effort to fix this - we could special case the
+ # builtin descriptors: classmethod, property, staticmethod
+ class Nothing(object):
+ foo = None
+
+ class Something(object):
+ foo = {}
+
+ @patch.object(Nothing, 'foo', 2)
+ @classmethod
+ def klass(cls):
+ self.assertIs(cls, Something)
+
+ @patch.object(Nothing, 'foo', 2)
+ @staticmethod
+ def static(arg):
+ return arg
+
+ @patch.dict(foo)
+ @classmethod
+ def klass_dict(cls):
+ self.assertIs(cls, Something)
+
+ @patch.dict(foo)
+ @staticmethod
+ def static_dict(arg):
+ return arg
+
+ # these will raise exceptions if patching descriptors is broken
+ self.assertEqual(Something.static('f00'), 'f00')
+ Something.klass()
+ self.assertEqual(Something.static_dict('f00'), 'f00')
+ Something.klass_dict()
+
+ something = Something()
+ self.assertEqual(something.static('f00'), 'f00')
+ something.klass()
+ self.assertEqual(something.static_dict('f00'), 'f00')
+ something.klass_dict()
+
+
+ def test_patch_spec_set(self):
+ @patch('%s.SomeClass' % __name__, spec_set=SomeClass)
+ def test(MockClass):
+ MockClass.z = 'foo'
+
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, test)
+
+ @patch.object(support, 'SomeClass', spec_set=SomeClass)
+ def test(MockClass):
+ MockClass.z = 'foo'
+
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, test)
+ @patch('%s.SomeClass' % __name__, spec_set=True)
+ def test(MockClass):
+ MockClass.z = 'foo'
+
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, test)
+
+ @patch.object(support, 'SomeClass', spec_set=True)
+ def test(MockClass):
+ MockClass.z = 'foo'
+
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, test)
+
+
+ def test_spec_set_inherit(self):
+ @patch('%s.SomeClass' % __name__, spec_set=True)
+ def test(MockClass):
+ instance = MockClass()
+ instance.z = 'foo'
+
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, test)
+
+
+ def test_patch_start_stop(self):
+ original = something
+ patcher = patch('%s.something' % __name__)
+ self.assertIs(something, original)
+ mock = patcher.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertIsNot(mock, original)
+ self.assertIs(something, mock)
+ finally:
+ patcher.stop()
+ self.assertIs(something, original)
+
+
+ def test_stop_without_start(self):
+ patcher = patch(foo_name, 'bar', 3)
+
+ # calling stop without start used to produce a very obscure error
+ self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, patcher.stop)
+
+
+ def test_patchobject_start_stop(self):
+ original = something
+ patcher = patch.object(PTModule, 'something', 'foo')
+ self.assertIs(something, original)
+ replaced = patcher.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertEqual(replaced, 'foo')
+ self.assertIs(something, replaced)
+ finally:
+ patcher.stop()
+ self.assertIs(something, original)
+
+
+ def test_patch_dict_start_stop(self):
+ d = {'foo': 'bar'}
+ original = d.copy()
+ patcher = patch.dict(d, [('spam', 'eggs')], clear=True)
+ self.assertEqual(d, original)
+
+ patcher.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertEqual(d, {'spam': 'eggs'})
+ finally:
+ patcher.stop()
+ self.assertEqual(d, original)
+
+
+ def test_patch_dict_class_decorator(self):
+ this = self
+ d = {'spam': 'eggs'}
+ original = d.copy()
+
+ class Test(object):
+ def test_first(self):
+ this.assertEqual(d, {'foo': 'bar'})
+ def test_second(self):
+ this.assertEqual(d, {'foo': 'bar'})
+
+ Test = patch.dict(d, {'foo': 'bar'}, clear=True)(Test)
+ self.assertEqual(d, original)
+
+ test = Test()
+
+ test.test_first()
+ self.assertEqual(d, original)
+
+ test.test_second()
+ self.assertEqual(d, original)
+
+ test = Test()
+
+ test.test_first()
+ self.assertEqual(d, original)
+
+ test.test_second()
+ self.assertEqual(d, original)
+
+
+ def test_get_only_proxy(self):
+ class Something(object):
+ foo = 'foo'
+ class SomethingElse:
+ foo = 'foo'
+
+ for thing in Something, SomethingElse, Something(), SomethingElse:
+ proxy = _get_proxy(thing)
+
+ @patch.object(proxy, 'foo', 'bar')
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(proxy.foo, 'bar')
+ test()
+ self.assertEqual(proxy.foo, 'foo')
+ self.assertEqual(thing.foo, 'foo')
+ self.assertNotIn('foo', proxy.__dict__)
+
+
+ def test_get_set_delete_proxy(self):
+ class Something(object):
+ foo = 'foo'
+ class SomethingElse:
+ foo = 'foo'
+
+ for thing in Something, SomethingElse, Something(), SomethingElse:
+ proxy = _get_proxy(Something, get_only=False)
+
+ @patch.object(proxy, 'foo', 'bar')
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(proxy.foo, 'bar')
+ test()
+ self.assertEqual(proxy.foo, 'foo')
+ self.assertEqual(thing.foo, 'foo')
+ self.assertNotIn('foo', proxy.__dict__)
+
+
+ def test_patch_keyword_args(self):
+ kwargs = {'side_effect': KeyError, 'foo.bar.return_value': 33,
+ 'foo': MagicMock()}
+
+ patcher = patch(foo_name, **kwargs)
+ mock = patcher.start()
+ patcher.stop()
+
+ self.assertRaises(KeyError, mock)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.foo.bar(), 33)
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock.foo, MagicMock)
+
+
+ def test_patch_object_keyword_args(self):
+ kwargs = {'side_effect': KeyError, 'foo.bar.return_value': 33,
+ 'foo': MagicMock()}
+
+ patcher = patch.object(Foo, 'f', **kwargs)
+ mock = patcher.start()
+ patcher.stop()
+
+ self.assertRaises(KeyError, mock)
+ self.assertEqual(mock.foo.bar(), 33)
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock.foo, MagicMock)
+
+
+ def test_patch_dict_keyword_args(self):
+ original = {'foo': 'bar'}
+ copy = original.copy()
+
+ patcher = patch.dict(original, foo=3, bar=4, baz=5)
+ patcher.start()
+
+ try:
+ self.assertEqual(original, dict(foo=3, bar=4, baz=5))
+ finally:
+ patcher.stop()
+
+ self.assertEqual(original, copy)
+
+
+ def test_autospec(self):
+ class Boo(object):
+ def __init__(self, a):
+ pass
+ def f(self, a):
+ pass
+ def g(self):
+ pass
+ foo = 'bar'
+
+ class Bar(object):
+ def a(self):
+ pass
+
+ def _test(mock):
+ mock(1)
+ mock.assert_called_with(1)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock)
+
+ def _test2(mock):
+ mock.f(1)
+ mock.f.assert_called_with(1)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock.f)
+
+ mock.g()
+ mock.g.assert_called_with()
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock.g, 1)
+
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, mock, 'h')
+
+ mock.foo.lower()
+ mock.foo.lower.assert_called_with()
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, mock.foo, 'bar')
+
+ mock.Bar()
+ mock.Bar.assert_called_with()
+
+ mock.Bar.a()
+ mock.Bar.a.assert_called_with()
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock.Bar.a, 1)
+
+ mock.Bar().a()
+ mock.Bar().a.assert_called_with()
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, mock.Bar().a, 1)
+
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, mock.Bar, 'b')
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, mock.Bar(), 'b')
+
+ def function(mock):
+ _test(mock)
+ _test2(mock)
+ _test2(mock(1))
+ self.assertIs(mock, Foo)
+ return mock
+
+ test = patch(foo_name, autospec=True)(function)
+
+ mock = test()
+ self.assertIsNot(Foo, mock)
+ # test patching a second time works
+ test()
+
+ module = sys.modules[__name__]
+ test = patch.object(module, 'Foo', autospec=True)(function)
+
+ mock = test()
+ self.assertIsNot(Foo, mock)
+ # test patching a second time works
+ test()
+
+
+ def test_autospec_function(self):
+ @patch('%s.function' % __name__, autospec=True)
+ def test(mock):
+ function(1)
+ function.assert_called_with(1)
+ function(2, 3)
+ function.assert_called_with(2, 3)
+
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, function)
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, function, 'foo')
+
+ test()
+
+
+ def test_autospec_keywords(self):
+ @patch('%s.function' % __name__, autospec=True,
+ return_value=3)
+ def test(mock_function):
+ #self.assertEqual(function.abc, 'foo')
+ return function(1, 2)
+
+ result = test()
+ self.assertEqual(result, 3)
+
+
+ def test_autospec_with_new(self):
+ patcher = patch('%s.function' % __name__, new=3, autospec=True)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, patcher.start)
+
+ module = sys.modules[__name__]
+ patcher = patch.object(module, 'function', new=3, autospec=True)
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, patcher.start)
+
+
+ def test_autospec_with_object(self):
+ class Bar(Foo):
+ extra = []
+
+ patcher = patch(foo_name, autospec=Bar)
+ mock = patcher.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock, Bar)
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock.extra, list)
+ finally:
+ patcher.stop()
+
+
+ def test_autospec_inherits(self):
+ FooClass = Foo
+ patcher = patch(foo_name, autospec=True)
+ mock = patcher.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock, FooClass)
+ self.assertIsInstance(mock(3), FooClass)
+ finally:
+ patcher.stop()
+
+
+ def test_autospec_name(self):
+ patcher = patch(foo_name, autospec=True)
+ mock = patcher.start()
+
+ try:
+ self.assertIn(" name='Foo'", repr(mock))
+ self.assertIn(" name='Foo.f'", repr(mock.f))
+ self.assertIn(" name='Foo()'", repr(mock(None)))
+ self.assertIn(" name='Foo().f'", repr(mock(None).f))
+ finally:
+ patcher.stop()
+
+
+ def test_tracebacks(self):
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'f', object())
+ def test():
+ raise AssertionError
+ try:
+ test()
+ except:
+ err = sys.exc_info()
+
+ result = unittest2.TextTestResult(None, None, 0)
+ traceback = result._exc_info_to_string(err, self)
+ self.assertIn('raise AssertionError', traceback)
+
+
+ def test_new_callable_patch(self):
+ patcher = patch(foo_name, new_callable=NonCallableMagicMock)
+
+ m1 = patcher.start()
+ patcher.stop()
+ m2 = patcher.start()
+ patcher.stop()
+
+ self.assertIsNot(m1, m2)
+ for mock in m1, m2:
+ self.assertNotCallable(m1)
+
+
+ def test_new_callable_patch_object(self):
+ patcher = patch.object(Foo, 'f', new_callable=NonCallableMagicMock)
+
+ m1 = patcher.start()
+ patcher.stop()
+ m2 = patcher.start()
+ patcher.stop()
+
+ self.assertIsNot(m1, m2)
+ for mock in m1, m2:
+ self.assertNotCallable(m1)
+
+
+ def test_new_callable_keyword_arguments(self):
+ class Bar(object):
+ kwargs = None
+ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+ Bar.kwargs = kwargs
+
+ patcher = patch(foo_name, new_callable=Bar, arg1=1, arg2=2)
+ m = patcher.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertIs(type(m), Bar)
+ self.assertEqual(Bar.kwargs, dict(arg1=1, arg2=2))
+ finally:
+ patcher.stop()
+
+
+ def test_new_callable_spec(self):
+ class Bar(object):
+ kwargs = None
+ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+ Bar.kwargs = kwargs
+
+ patcher = patch(foo_name, new_callable=Bar, spec=Bar)
+ patcher.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertEqual(Bar.kwargs, dict(spec=Bar))
+ finally:
+ patcher.stop()
+
+ patcher = patch(foo_name, new_callable=Bar, spec_set=Bar)
+ patcher.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertEqual(Bar.kwargs, dict(spec_set=Bar))
+ finally:
+ patcher.stop()
+
+
+ def test_new_callable_create(self):
+ non_existent_attr = '%s.weeeee' % foo_name
+ p = patch(non_existent_attr, new_callable=NonCallableMock)
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, p.start)
+
+ p = patch(non_existent_attr, new_callable=NonCallableMock,
+ create=True)
+ m = p.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertNotCallable(m, magic=False)
+ finally:
+ p.stop()
+
+
+ def test_new_callable_incompatible_with_new(self):
+ self.assertRaises(
+ ValueError, patch, foo_name, new=object(), new_callable=MagicMock
+ )
+ self.assertRaises(
+ ValueError, patch.object, Foo, 'f', new=object(),
+ new_callable=MagicMock
+ )
+
+
+ def test_new_callable_incompatible_with_autospec(self):
+ self.assertRaises(
+ ValueError, patch, foo_name, new_callable=MagicMock,
+ autospec=True
+ )
+ self.assertRaises(
+ ValueError, patch.object, Foo, 'f', new_callable=MagicMock,
+ autospec=True
+ )
+
+
+ def test_new_callable_inherit_for_mocks(self):
+ class MockSub(Mock):
+ pass
+
+ MockClasses = (
+ NonCallableMock, NonCallableMagicMock, MagicMock, Mock, MockSub
+ )
+ for Klass in MockClasses:
+ for arg in 'spec', 'spec_set':
+ kwargs = {arg: True}
+ p = patch(foo_name, new_callable=Klass, **kwargs)
+ m = p.start()
+ try:
+ instance = m.return_value
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, instance, 'x')
+ finally:
+ p.stop()
+
+
+ def test_new_callable_inherit_non_mock(self):
+ class NotAMock(object):
+ def __init__(self, spec):
+ self.spec = spec
+
+ p = patch(foo_name, new_callable=NotAMock, spec=True)
+ m = p.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(m, NotAMock))
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, m, 'return_value')
+ finally:
+ p.stop()
+
+ self.assertEqual(m.spec, Foo)
+
+
+ def test_new_callable_class_decorating(self):
+ test = self
+ original = Foo
+ class SomeTest(object):
+
+ def _test(self, mock_foo):
+ test.assertIsNot(Foo, original)
+ test.assertIs(Foo, mock_foo)
+ test.assertIsInstance(Foo, SomeClass)
+
+ def test_two(self, mock_foo):
+ self._test(mock_foo)
+ def test_one(self, mock_foo):
+ self._test(mock_foo)
+
+ SomeTest = patch(foo_name, new_callable=SomeClass)(SomeTest)
+ SomeTest().test_one()
+ SomeTest().test_two()
+ self.assertIs(Foo, original)
+
+
+ def test_patch_multiple(self):
+ original_foo = Foo
+ original_f = Foo.f
+ original_g = Foo.g
+
+ patcher1 = patch.multiple(foo_name, f=1, g=2)
+ patcher2 = patch.multiple(Foo, f=1, g=2)
+
+ for patcher in patcher1, patcher2:
+ patcher.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertIs(Foo, original_foo)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.f, 1)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.g, 2)
+ finally:
+ patcher.stop()
+
+ self.assertIs(Foo, original_foo)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.f, original_f)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.g, original_g)
+
+
+ @patch.multiple(foo_name, f=3, g=4)
+ def test():
+ self.assertIs(Foo, original_foo)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.f, 3)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.g, 4)
+
+ test()
+
+
+ def test_patch_multiple_no_kwargs(self):
+ self.assertRaises(ValueError, patch.multiple, foo_name)
+ self.assertRaises(ValueError, patch.multiple, Foo)
+
+
+ def test_patch_multiple_create_mocks(self):
+ original_foo = Foo
+ original_f = Foo.f
+ original_g = Foo.g
+
+ @patch.multiple(foo_name, f=DEFAULT, g=3, foo=DEFAULT)
+ def test(f, foo):
+ self.assertIs(Foo, original_foo)
+ self.assertIs(Foo.f, f)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.g, 3)
+ self.assertIs(Foo.foo, foo)
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(f, MagicMock))
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(foo, MagicMock))
+
+ test()
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.f, original_f)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.g, original_g)
+
+
+ def test_patch_multiple_create_mocks_different_order(self):
+ # bug revealed by Jython!
+ original_f = Foo.f
+ original_g = Foo.g
+
+ patcher = patch.object(Foo, 'f', 3)
+ patcher.attribute_name = 'f'
+
+ other = patch.object(Foo, 'g', DEFAULT)
+ other.attribute_name = 'g'
+ patcher.additional_patchers = [other]
+
+ @patcher
+ def test(g):
+ self.assertIs(Foo.g, g)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.f, 3)
+
+ test()
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.f, original_f)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.g, original_g)
+
+
+ def test_patch_multiple_stacked_decorators(self):
+ original_foo = Foo
+ original_f = Foo.f
+ original_g = Foo.g
+
+ @patch.multiple(foo_name, f=DEFAULT)
+ @patch.multiple(foo_name, foo=DEFAULT)
+ @patch(foo_name + '.g')
+ def test1(g, **kwargs):
+ _test(g, **kwargs)
+
+ @patch.multiple(foo_name, f=DEFAULT)
+ @patch(foo_name + '.g')
+ @patch.multiple(foo_name, foo=DEFAULT)
+ def test2(g, **kwargs):
+ _test(g, **kwargs)
+
+ @patch(foo_name + '.g')
+ @patch.multiple(foo_name, f=DEFAULT)
+ @patch.multiple(foo_name, foo=DEFAULT)
+ def test3(g, **kwargs):
+ _test(g, **kwargs)
+
+ def _test(g, **kwargs):
+ f = kwargs.pop('f')
+ foo = kwargs.pop('foo')
+ self.assertFalse(kwargs)
+
+ self.assertIs(Foo, original_foo)
+ self.assertIs(Foo.f, f)
+ self.assertIs(Foo.g, g)
+ self.assertIs(Foo.foo, foo)
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(f, MagicMock))
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(g, MagicMock))
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(foo, MagicMock))
+
+ test1()
+ test2()
+ test3()
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.f, original_f)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.g, original_g)
+
+
+ def test_patch_multiple_create_mocks_patcher(self):
+ original_foo = Foo
+ original_f = Foo.f
+ original_g = Foo.g
+
+ patcher = patch.multiple(foo_name, f=DEFAULT, g=3, foo=DEFAULT)
+
+ result = patcher.start()
+ try:
+ f = result['f']
+ foo = result['foo']
+ self.assertEqual(set(result), set(['f', 'foo']))
+
+ self.assertIs(Foo, original_foo)
+ self.assertIs(Foo.f, f)
+ self.assertIs(Foo.foo, foo)
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(f, MagicMock))
+ self.assertTrue(is_instance(foo, MagicMock))
+ finally:
+ patcher.stop()
+
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.f, original_f)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.g, original_g)
+
+
+ def test_patch_multiple_decorating_class(self):
+ test = self
+ original_foo = Foo
+ original_f = Foo.f
+ original_g = Foo.g
+
+ class SomeTest(object):
+
+ def _test(self, f, foo):
+ test.assertIs(Foo, original_foo)
+ test.assertIs(Foo.f, f)
+ test.assertEqual(Foo.g, 3)
+ test.assertIs(Foo.foo, foo)
+ test.assertTrue(is_instance(f, MagicMock))
+ test.assertTrue(is_instance(foo, MagicMock))
+
+ def test_two(self, f, foo):
+ self._test(f, foo)
+ def test_one(self, f, foo):
+ self._test(f, foo)
+
+ SomeTest = patch.multiple(
+ foo_name, f=DEFAULT, g=3, foo=DEFAULT
+ )(SomeTest)
+
+ thing = SomeTest()
+ thing.test_one()
+ thing.test_two()
+
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.f, original_f)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.g, original_g)
+
+
+ def test_patch_multiple_create(self):
+ patcher = patch.multiple(Foo, blam='blam')
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, patcher.start)
+
+ patcher = patch.multiple(Foo, blam='blam', create=True)
+ patcher.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.blam, 'blam')
+ finally:
+ patcher.stop()
+
+ self.assertFalse(hasattr(Foo, 'blam'))
+
+
+ def test_patch_multiple_spec_set(self):
+ # if spec_set works then we can assume that spec and autospec also
+ # work as the underlying machinery is the same
+ patcher = patch.multiple(Foo, foo=DEFAULT, spec_set=['a', 'b'])
+ result = patcher.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.foo, result['foo'])
+ Foo.foo.a(1)
+ Foo.foo.b(2)
+ Foo.foo.a.assert_called_with(1)
+ Foo.foo.b.assert_called_with(2)
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, setattr, Foo.foo, 'c', None)
+ finally:
+ patcher.stop()
+
+
+ def test_patch_multiple_new_callable(self):
+ class Thing(object):
+ pass
+
+ patcher = patch.multiple(
+ Foo, f=DEFAULT, g=DEFAULT, new_callable=Thing
+ )
+ result = patcher.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertIs(Foo.f, result['f'])
+ self.assertIs(Foo.g, result['g'])
+ self.assertIsInstance(Foo.f, Thing)
+ self.assertIsInstance(Foo.g, Thing)
+ self.assertIsNot(Foo.f, Foo.g)
+ finally:
+ patcher.stop()
+
+
+ def test_nested_patch_failure(self):
+ original_f = Foo.f
+ original_g = Foo.g
+
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'g', 1)
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'missing', 1)
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'f', 1)
+ def thing1():
+ pass
+
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'missing', 1)
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'g', 1)
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'f', 1)
+ def thing2():
+ pass
+
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'g', 1)
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'f', 1)
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'missing', 1)
+ def thing3():
+ pass
+
+ for func in thing1, thing2, thing3:
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, func)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.f, original_f)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.g, original_g)
+
+
+ def test_new_callable_failure(self):
+ original_f = Foo.f
+ original_g = Foo.g
+ original_foo = Foo.foo
+
+ def crasher():
+ raise NameError('crasher')
+
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'g', 1)
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'foo', new_callable=crasher)
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'f', 1)
+ def thing1():
+ pass
+
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'foo', new_callable=crasher)
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'g', 1)
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'f', 1)
+ def thing2():
+ pass
+
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'g', 1)
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'f', 1)
+ @patch.object(Foo, 'foo', new_callable=crasher)
+ def thing3():
+ pass
+
+ for func in thing1, thing2, thing3:
+ self.assertRaises(NameError, func)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.f, original_f)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.g, original_g)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.foo, original_foo)
+
+
+ def test_patch_multiple_failure(self):
+ original_f = Foo.f
+ original_g = Foo.g
+
+ patcher = patch.object(Foo, 'f', 1)
+ patcher.attribute_name = 'f'
+
+ good = patch.object(Foo, 'g', 1)
+ good.attribute_name = 'g'
+
+ bad = patch.object(Foo, 'missing', 1)
+ bad.attribute_name = 'missing'
+
+ for additionals in [good, bad], [bad, good]:
+ patcher.additional_patchers = additionals
+
+ @patcher
+ def func():
+ pass
+
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, func)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.f, original_f)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.g, original_g)
+
+
+ def test_patch_multiple_new_callable_failure(self):
+ original_f = Foo.f
+ original_g = Foo.g
+ original_foo = Foo.foo
+
+ def crasher():
+ raise NameError('crasher')
+
+ patcher = patch.object(Foo, 'f', 1)
+ patcher.attribute_name = 'f'
+
+ good = patch.object(Foo, 'g', 1)
+ good.attribute_name = 'g'
+
+ bad = patch.object(Foo, 'foo', new_callable=crasher)
+ bad.attribute_name = 'foo'
+
+ for additionals in [good, bad], [bad, good]:
+ patcher.additional_patchers = additionals
+
+ @patcher
+ def func():
+ pass
+
+ self.assertRaises(NameError, func)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.f, original_f)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.g, original_g)
+ self.assertEqual(Foo.foo, original_foo)
+
+
+ def test_patch_multiple_string_subclasses(self):
+ for base in (str, unicode):
+ Foo = type('Foo', (base,), {'fish': 'tasty'})
+ foo = Foo()
+ @patch.multiple(foo, fish='nearly gone')
+ def test():
+ self.assertEqual(foo.fish, 'nearly gone')
+
+ test()
+ self.assertEqual(foo.fish, 'tasty')
+
+
+ @patch('mock.patch.TEST_PREFIX', 'foo')
+ def test_patch_test_prefix(self):
+ class Foo(object):
+ thing = 'original'
+
+ def foo_one(self):
+ return self.thing
+ def foo_two(self):
+ return self.thing
+ def test_one(self):
+ return self.thing
+ def test_two(self):
+ return self.thing
+
+ Foo = patch.object(Foo, 'thing', 'changed')(Foo)
+
+ foo = Foo()
+ self.assertEqual(foo.foo_one(), 'changed')
+ self.assertEqual(foo.foo_two(), 'changed')
+ self.assertEqual(foo.test_one(), 'original')
+ self.assertEqual(foo.test_two(), 'original')
+
+
+ @patch('mock.patch.TEST_PREFIX', 'bar')
+ def test_patch_dict_test_prefix(self):
+ class Foo(object):
+ def bar_one(self):
+ return dict(the_dict)
+ def bar_two(self):
+ return dict(the_dict)
+ def test_one(self):
+ return dict(the_dict)
+ def test_two(self):
+ return dict(the_dict)
+
+ the_dict = {'key': 'original'}
+ Foo = patch.dict(the_dict, key='changed')(Foo)
+
+ foo =Foo()
+ self.assertEqual(foo.bar_one(), {'key': 'changed'})
+ self.assertEqual(foo.bar_two(), {'key': 'changed'})
+ self.assertEqual(foo.test_one(), {'key': 'original'})
+ self.assertEqual(foo.test_two(), {'key': 'original'})
+
+
+ def test_patch_with_spec_mock_repr(self):
+ for arg in ('spec', 'autospec', 'spec_set'):
+ p = patch('%s.SomeClass' % __name__, **{arg: True})
+ m = p.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertIn(" name='SomeClass'", repr(m))
+ self.assertIn(" name='SomeClass.class_attribute'",
+ repr(m.class_attribute))
+ self.assertIn(" name='SomeClass()'", repr(m()))
+ self.assertIn(" name='SomeClass().class_attribute'",
+ repr(m().class_attribute))
+ finally:
+ p.stop()
+
+
+ def test_patch_nested_autospec_repr(self):
+ p = patch('tests.support', autospec=True)
+ m = p.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertIn(" name='support.SomeClass.wibble()'",
+ repr(m.SomeClass.wibble()))
+ self.assertIn(" name='support.SomeClass().wibble()'",
+ repr(m.SomeClass().wibble()))
+ finally:
+ p.stop()
+
+
+ def test_mock_calls_with_patch(self):
+ for arg in ('spec', 'autospec', 'spec_set'):
+ p = patch('%s.SomeClass' % __name__, **{arg: True})
+ m = p.start()
+ try:
+ m.wibble()
+
+ kalls = [call.wibble()]
+ self.assertEqual(m.mock_calls, kalls)
+ self.assertEqual(m.method_calls, kalls)
+ self.assertEqual(m.wibble.mock_calls, [call()])
+
+ result = m()
+ kalls.append(call())
+ self.assertEqual(m.mock_calls, kalls)
+
+ result.wibble()
+ kalls.append(call().wibble())
+ self.assertEqual(m.mock_calls, kalls)
+
+ self.assertEqual(result.mock_calls, [call.wibble()])
+ self.assertEqual(result.wibble.mock_calls, [call()])
+ self.assertEqual(result.method_calls, [call.wibble()])
+ finally:
+ p.stop()
+
+
+ def test_patch_imports_lazily(self):
+ sys.modules.pop('squizz', None)
+
+ p1 = patch('squizz.squozz')
+ self.assertRaises(ImportError, p1.start)
+
+ squizz = Mock()
+ squizz.squozz = 6
+ sys.modules['squizz'] = squizz
+ p1 = patch('squizz.squozz')
+ squizz.squozz = 3
+ p1.start()
+ p1.stop()
+ self.assertEqual(squizz.squozz, 3)
+
+
+ def test_patch_propogrates_exc_on_exit(self):
+ class holder:
+ exc_info = None, None, None
+
+ class custom_patch(_patch):
+ def __exit__(self, etype=None, val=None, tb=None):
+ _patch.__exit__(self, etype, val, tb)
+ holder.exc_info = etype, val, tb
+ stop = __exit__
+
+ def with_custom_patch(target):
+ getter, attribute = _get_target(target)
+ return custom_patch(
+ getter, attribute, DEFAULT, None, False, None,
+ None, None, {}
+ )
+
+ @with_custom_patch('squizz.squozz')
+ def test(mock):
+ raise RuntimeError
+
+ self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, test)
+ self.assertIs(holder.exc_info[0], RuntimeError)
+ self.assertIsNotNone(holder.exc_info[1],
+ 'exception value not propgated')
+ self.assertIsNotNone(holder.exc_info[2],
+ 'exception traceback not propgated')
+
+
+ def test_create_and_specs(self):
+ for kwarg in ('spec', 'spec_set', 'autospec'):
+ p = patch('%s.doesnotexist' % __name__, create=True,
+ **{kwarg: True})
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, p.start)
+ self.assertRaises(NameError, lambda: doesnotexist)
+
+ # check that spec with create is innocuous if the original exists
+ p = patch(MODNAME, create=True, **{kwarg: True})
+ p.start()
+ p.stop()
+
+
+ def test_multiple_specs(self):
+ original = PTModule
+ for kwarg in ('spec', 'spec_set'):
+ p = patch(MODNAME, autospec=0, **{kwarg: 0})
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, p.start)
+ self.assertIs(PTModule, original)
+
+ for kwarg in ('spec', 'autospec'):
+ p = patch(MODNAME, spec_set=0, **{kwarg: 0})
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, p.start)
+ self.assertIs(PTModule, original)
+
+ for kwarg in ('spec_set', 'autospec'):
+ p = patch(MODNAME, spec=0, **{kwarg: 0})
+ self.assertRaises(TypeError, p.start)
+ self.assertIs(PTModule, original)
+
+
+ def test_specs_false_instead_of_none(self):
+ p = patch(MODNAME, spec=False, spec_set=False, autospec=False)
+ mock = p.start()
+ try:
+ # no spec should have been set, so attribute access should not fail
+ mock.does_not_exist
+ mock.does_not_exist = 3
+ finally:
+ p.stop()
+
+
+ def test_falsey_spec(self):
+ for kwarg in ('spec', 'autospec', 'spec_set'):
+ p = patch(MODNAME, **{kwarg: 0})
+ m = p.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, m, 'doesnotexit')
+ finally:
+ p.stop()
+
+
+ def test_spec_set_true(self):
+ for kwarg in ('spec', 'autospec'):
+ p = patch(MODNAME, spec_set=True, **{kwarg: True})
+ m = p.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, setattr, m,
+ 'doesnotexist', 'something')
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, m, 'doesnotexist')
+ finally:
+ p.stop()
+
+
+ def test_callable_spec_as_list(self):
+ spec = ('__call__',)
+ p = patch(MODNAME, spec=spec)
+ m = p.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertTrue(callable(m))
+ finally:
+ p.stop()
+
+
+ def test_not_callable_spec_as_list(self):
+ spec = ('foo', 'bar')
+ p = patch(MODNAME, spec=spec)
+ m = p.start()
+ try:
+ self.assertFalse(callable(m))
+ finally:
+ p.stop()
+
+
+ def test_patch_stopall(self):
+ unlink = os.unlink
+ chdir = os.chdir
+ path = os.path
+ patch('os.unlink', something).start()
+ patch('os.chdir', something_else).start()
+
+ @patch('os.path')
+ def patched(mock_path):
+ patch.stopall()
+ self.assertIs(os.path, mock_path)
+ self.assertIs(os.unlink, unlink)
+ self.assertIs(os.chdir, chdir)
+
+ patched()
+ self.assertIs(os.path, path)
+
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+ unittest2.main()
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testsentinel.py b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testsentinel.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..981171a45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testsentinel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Michael Foord & the mock team
+# E-mail: fuzzyman AT voidspace DOT org DOT uk
+# http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/
+
+from tests.support import unittest2
+
+from mock import sentinel, DEFAULT
+
+
+class SentinelTest(unittest2.TestCase):
+
+ def testSentinels(self):
+ self.assertEqual(sentinel.whatever, sentinel.whatever,
+ 'sentinel not stored')
+ self.assertNotEqual(sentinel.whatever, sentinel.whateverelse,
+ 'sentinel should be unique')
+
+
+ def testSentinelName(self):
+ self.assertEqual(str(sentinel.whatever), 'sentinel.whatever',
+ 'sentinel name incorrect')
+
+
+ def testDEFAULT(self):
+ self.assertTrue(DEFAULT is sentinel.DEFAULT)
+
+ def testBases(self):
+ # If this doesn't raise an AttributeError then help(mock) is broken
+ self.assertRaises(AttributeError, lambda: sentinel.__bases__)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+ unittest2.main()
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testwith.py b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testwith.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..34529eb9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/tests/testwith.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import sys
+
+if sys.version_info[:2] >= (2, 5):
+ from tests._testwith import *
+else:
+ from tests.support import unittest2
+
+ class TestWith(unittest2.TestCase):
+
+ @unittest2.skip('tests using with statement skipped on Python 2.4')
+ def testWith(self):
+ pass
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+ unittest2.main()
diff --git a/python/mock-1.0.0/tox.ini b/python/mock-1.0.0/tox.ini
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..554f87096
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/mock-1.0.0/tox.ini
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+[tox]
+envlist = py24,py25,py26,py27,py31,pypy,py32,py33,jython
+
+[testenv]
+deps=unittest2
+commands={envbindir}/unit2 discover []
+
+[testenv:py26]
+commands=
+ {envbindir}/unit2 discover []
+ {envbindir}/sphinx-build -E -b doctest docs html
+ {envbindir}/sphinx-build -E docs html
+deps =
+ unittest2
+ sphinx
+
+[testenv:py27]
+commands=
+ {envbindir}/unit2 discover []
+ {envbindir}/sphinx-build -E -b doctest docs html
+deps =
+ unittest2
+ sphinx
+
+[testenv:py31]
+deps =
+ unittest2py3k
+
+[testenv:py32]
+commands=
+ {envbindir}/python -m unittest discover []
+deps =
+
+[testenv:py33]
+commands=
+ {envbindir}/python -m unittest discover []
+deps =
+
+# note for jython. Execute in tests directory:
+# rm `find . -name '*$py.class'` \ No newline at end of file